EP1418555A1 - Präsenzmelder und dessen Verwendung - Google Patents
Präsenzmelder und dessen Verwendung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1418555A1 EP1418555A1 EP04003170A EP04003170A EP1418555A1 EP 1418555 A1 EP1418555 A1 EP 1418555A1 EP 04003170 A EP04003170 A EP 04003170A EP 04003170 A EP04003170 A EP 04003170A EP 1418555 A1 EP1418555 A1 EP 1418555A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- image sensor
- room
- sensor
- presence detector
- signals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
- G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
- G08B13/19697—Arrangements wherein non-video detectors generate an alarm themselves
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a presence detector with a passive infrared sensor for detection the presence of people in a room and with one in the visible spectral range working and activated by the passive infrared sensor for the Taking pictures of the room in question.
- EP-A-0 591 585 there is a remote monitoring device with a camera, a Passive infrared sensor, an infrared lamp and a monitoring unit having a radio transmitter described.
- the passive infrared sensor switches the infrared lamp and the camera and triggers the transmission of those recorded by the camera Images to a central office, in which the images are evaluated.
- the monitoring unit also contains an image processor, the function of which is that Prepare camera image for transmission.
- this remote monitoring device is not a presence detector is suitable, since the automatic actuation / control of with the presence of people in a room related parameters expected becomes. And for such an automatic actuation / control, it is unreasonable that the Decision on the presence of people in the room in question in one of the Presence detectors remote and possibly even from this remote control center he follows.
- the passive infrared sensor is equipped with a so-called pyro sensor and means for focusing the thermal radiation falling from the room to be monitored onto the pyro sensor and detects movements of the ambient temperature based on the signal of the pyro sensor distinguishing heat sources in the surveillance room (see for example EP-A-0 303 913).
- Such passive infrared sensors are today in many versions and available at reasonable prices, but they can be dormant, for example people working on a PC, difficult to recognize or not at all, and are therefore for the use in presence detectors in offices is only suitable to a limited extent. It is also not possible, with the passive infrared sensors available on the market today the degree of occupancy of a room.
- the invention is now intended to provide a presence detector which has the disadvantages mentioned does not have, and in particular detects even the smallest movements and the occupancy recognizes and thereby for the automatic actuation / control of with the Presence of people in a room related parameters used can be.
- This task is solved with a presence detector of the type mentioned in the introduction in that a processor in the presence detector for local and combined processing and evaluation of the sensor signals is provided, in which a determination of movements in relevant data is given.
- the local and combined processing of the sensor signals makes it a "high-end" presence detector receive the smallest movements and to control the room lighting and other parameters can be used.
- a second preferred embodiment is characterized in that the image sensor is formed by a CMOS image sensor, preferably an active pixel sensor.
- the image sensor captures the space to be monitored using image technology, digitizes the image, and stores it as a reference image in a memory.
- image technology digitizes the image
- stores it as a reference image in a memory.
- the presence detector is active, the image sensor makes intervals of An image of the monitored room in a split second saves these images for one certain time and compares it with the reference image and / or with each other.
- the invention further relates to a use of the presence detector mentioned for the needs-based Actuation and / or control of conditioning devices in a room.
- Conditioning devices include devices for influencing the respective Ambient conditions prevailing in the room, such as room brightness or Indoor climate to understand. Not least because of the saving of energy for lighting, heating, ventilation and air conditioning, a need to switch them off or throttling in empty rooms and after switching on or switching to normal operation, as soon as a person enters the room. Controlling according to need means above that In addition, the control of heating / ventilation / air conditioning based on the number in one People.
- the signal from the passive infrared detector is preferably used to activate the image sensor and, if necessary, used to turn on the room lighting and the signals from both Sensors for controlling the heating and / or ventilation and / or air conditioning of the Space.
- the presence detector shown in FIG. 1 essentially consists of an image sensor 1, a passive infrared sensor 2 and an evaluation electronics 3 connected to it Control of the sensors and for processing and evaluating the sensor signals.
- the image sensor 1 is equipped with a brightness sensor 4 for measuring the ambient brightness, which is also connected to the evaluation electronics 3 and for example by a photodiode is formed.
- the image sensor 1 can be designed to measure the ambient brightness by taking a measure of the brightness of the pixels in its field of vision the known integration time. This size can be, for example, the mean or a Histogram or the maximum value of the brightness of the pixels.
- the presence detector is designed to detect the presence of people in a room and based on the result of this monitoring, the lighting of the room as well its heating / ventilation / air conditioning and, if necessary, other conditioning devices to control. Taxes are understood to mean both rules and switching on and off become.
- the evaluation electronics contain the dual function of the presence detector an output 5 for regulating the lighting and an output 6 for regulating the heating / ventilation / air conditioning of the room in question.
- the aim of such a control is to condition and illuminate the room to be designed so that maximum comfort is achieved with minimal energy consumption.
- the means among other things, only to switch the room lighting on and on again leave when there are people in the room and the heating / ventilation / air conditioning of the To coordinate the presence or absence of people in the room, knowledge of the room occupancy is desirable for the latter.
- CCD charge-coupled device
- CID charge injection device
- CMOS image sensor a so-called APS [APS: Active Pixel Sensor] is used, which is characterized by a very low Power consumption and the ability to access individual pixels.
- additional application-specific analog or digital Functions for example simple image processing algorithms such as filters or exposure control, can be easily integrated.
- the image sensor 1 is directed towards the room to be monitored, detects it in terms of image technology, digitizes the image and stores it as a reference image in a memory. If the image sensor 1 forming APS consists of 256 by 256 pixels, for example, then would be used a wide-angle lens at a distance of 15 m in front of the image sensor 1 a pixel of approximately 12 by 12 cm. Such a grid is suitable, even small movements of body parts, for example a hand or the head.
- the image sensor 1 In the active state of the device, the image sensor 1 then takes a fraction of a second one image each of the monitored room, saves these images for a specific one Time and compares it with the reference image and / or with each other. In this comparison are relevant data for movements in space, for example the number of opposite pixel changed in the reference image or a movement of the objects, etc. determined. If for example the number of changed pixels reaches a certain value, this is called Movement in the monitored room interpreted.
- the image sensor 1 Since the image sensor 1 is sensitive in the range of visible light, it needs a sufficient one Room lighting to be able to fulfill its function. This adequate lighting is ensured by the passive infrared sensor 2, by this, if necessary, immediately the person switches on the lighting after entering the room. There The passive infrared sensor can always enter the room with great movements 2 react to it safely and quickly. In this way, the image sensor 1 always provide a sufficiently illuminated room.
- the image sensor 1 is advantageous in the times where there is nobody in the room, is switched off and is activated by the passive infrared sensor 2 activated. So that the lighting is only switched on when it is needed, the brightness sensor 4 performs a cyclical measurement of the room brightness. Furthermore the lighting can be switched off using the signal from the brightness sensor 4 as soon as it is no longer required for reasons of brightness.
- a second criterion for switching off the lighting is the absence of people in the room in question. This switching off takes place on the basis of the signal from the image sensor 1, as soon as it no longer registers any movement, one in processing stage 3 provided counter starts, if a new movement signal occurs, be it is set to zero by the image sensor 1 or by the passive infrared sensor 2. No motion signal occurs then the meter continues to run and at a certain meter reading the lighting turns on switched off. To prevent unnecessary lighting, you can also provide that a switched-on lighting only remains switched on if there is sufficient large time constant, a sufficiently large signal from the passive infrared detector 2 occurs. You can fix the time constant at 45 to 60 minutes, for example, because you can assume that a person working on a PC at least every 45 minutes makes a movement recognizable by the passive infrared sensor 2.
- Another way to increase the robustness of the presence detector is to use defined Repetitive movements caused by oscillating objects, such as curtains, fans or plant leaves or mask out.
- the APS forming the image sensor can, for example, be an active pixel sensor with additional ones Signal evaluation in the pixels.
- This signal evaluation can preferably be done in an amplification temporal changes and an inhibiting interaction of neighboring pixels exist, so that moving contours are highlighted (so-called neuromorphic Sensors or artificial retina).
- motion detection is carried out directly on the chip performed, and internal logic can, for example, the number activated Count pixels or measure the size of pixel clusters, which also results in the Estimated number of people in the room and if the corresponding thresholds are exceeded a signal can be output.
- the optics (not shown) of the image sensor 1 can be designed such that, according to FIG. 2, several partial areas T 1 to T 4 are imaged on the same image area BB.
- This multiple use of the image sensor 1 results in a (virtual) resolution, so that an image sensor of lower resolution can be used for a constant spatial resolution. It does not matter that the unique spatial resolution is lost, as long as the sensor is only supposed to detect movements.
- the flowchart shown in FIG. 3 shows that when a signal occurs of the passive infrared detector 2, the image sensor 1 is activated with the image analysis. If the lighting conditions it is required by the signal of the passive infrared detector 2 as well the room lighting is switched on.
- the image analysis an examination of the from Image sensor 1 captured images based on movements. If no movement is detected, the status of a counter is increased, with each detected movement the counter status increases zero reset.
- the passive infrared sensor is of course also in the active state of the image sensor 1 2 is still active and also issues a reset command when motion is detected to the counter. The meter reading is then compared to a threshold and if this threshold is exceeded, the lighting is switched off.
- the image sensor takes a picture every second and examines it, and if the time constant of the presence detector is set so that 20 minutes after the last movement the lighting of the room is switched off, then the meter reading exceed 1'200 so that the light is switched off.
- the simple signal evaluation shown in FIG. 3 can be almost can be refined as desired. For example, you can provide that the lighting is switched off if the passive infrared detector 2 does not deliver a signal at certain intervals, and / or can be used as a prerequisite for leaving a just turned on Illumination require that the image sensor 1 shortly after switching on the illumination the passive infrared sensor 2 detects movement.
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- ein Blockschema eines erfindungsgemässen Präsenzmelders,
- Fig. 2
- ein Schema zur Erklärung einer Detailvariante des Präsenzmelders von Fig. 1; und
- Fig. 3
- ein Flussdiagramm einer einfachen Signalauswertung.
Claims (11)
- Präsenzmelder mit einem Passiv-Infrarotsensor (2) zur Detektion der Anwesenheit von Personen in einem Raum und mit einem im sichtbaren Spektralbereich arbeitenden und durch den Passiv-Infrarotsensor (2) aktivierbaren Bildsensor (1) für die Erzeugung von Bildern des betreffenden Raumes, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Präsenzmelder ein Prozessor (3) für die lokale und kombinierte Verarbeitung und Auswertung der Sensorsignale vorgesehen ist, bei welcher eine Bestimmung von für Bewegungen im genannten Raum relevanten Daten erfolgt.
- Präsenzmelder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die lokale Verarbeitung der Signale des Bildsensors (1) unter Berücksichtigung der Signale des Passiv-Infrarotsensors (2) erfolgt.
- Präsenzmelder nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Bildsensor (1) durch einen CMOS-Bildsensor, vorzugsweise einen Aktiv Pixel Sensor, gebildet ist.
- Präsenzmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem genannten Raum eine durch den Passiv-Infrarotsensor (2) einschaltbare Beleuchtung vorgesehen ist, und dass das Ausschalten dieser Beleuchtung anhand des Ergebnisses der kombinierten Auswertung der Signale des Bildsensors (1) und der Signale des Passiv-Infrarot-Sensors (2) erfolgt.
- Präsenzmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Bildsensor (1) in periodischen Abständen ein Bild des betreffenden Raumes macht und dieses für eine bestimmte Zeit speichert und mit einem Referenzbild vergleicht.
- Präsenzmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Bildsensor (1) für die Messung der Umgebungshelligkeit ausgebildet oder mit Mitteln (4) zur Messung der Umgebungshelligkeit ausgerüstet ist.
- Präsenzmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei der Auswertung der Signale des Bildsensors (1) eine Unterteilung des Sichtbereichs des Bildsensors (1) in mehrere Teilbereiche und eine separate Auswertung der Signale des Bildsensors (1) für jeden Teilbereich erfolgt.
- Präsenzmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die für Bewegungen im Raum relevanten Daten auf einzelne Pixel oder auf das gesamte Signal des Bildsensors (1) oder Teile von diesem beziehen können.
- Präsenzmelder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Bildsensor (1) eine Optik zur Abbildung mehrerer Teilbereiche (T1 - T4) auf denselben Bildbereich (BB) aufweist.
- Verwendung des Präsenzmelders nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 für die bedarfsgerechte Betätigung und/oder Steuerung von Konditionierungseinrichtungen eines Raumes.
- Verwendung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Signal des Passiv-Infrarotsensors (2) für die Aktivierung des Bildsensors (1) und, falls erforderlich, für das Einschalten der Raumbeleuchtung verwendet wird, und dass die Signale beider Sensoren (1 und 2) (1) für die Steuerung der Heizung und/oder Lüftung und/oder Klimatisierung des Raumes verwendet werden.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99125169A EP1109141A1 (de) | 1999-12-17 | 1999-12-17 | Präsenzmelder und dessen Verwendung |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99125169A Division EP1109141A1 (de) | 1999-12-17 | 1999-12-17 | Präsenzmelder und dessen Verwendung |
EP99125169.5 Division | 1999-12-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1418555A1 true EP1418555A1 (de) | 2004-05-12 |
EP1418555B1 EP1418555B1 (de) | 2007-10-10 |
Family
ID=8239641
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04003170A Expired - Lifetime EP1418555B1 (de) | 1999-12-17 | 1999-12-17 | Präsenzmelder und dessen Verwendung |
EP99125169A Ceased EP1109141A1 (de) | 1999-12-17 | 1999-12-17 | Präsenzmelder und dessen Verwendung |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99125169A Ceased EP1109141A1 (de) | 1999-12-17 | 1999-12-17 | Präsenzmelder und dessen Verwendung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6486778B2 (de) |
EP (2) | EP1418555B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE375580T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59914523D1 (de) |
IL (1) | IL139611A (de) |
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1999
- 1999-12-17 DE DE59914523T patent/DE59914523D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-17 EP EP04003170A patent/EP1418555B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-17 EP EP99125169A patent/EP1109141A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1999-12-17 AT AT04003170T patent/ATE375580T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-11-10 IL IL13961100A patent/IL139611A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-12-13 US US09/735,732 patent/US6486778B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US4511886A (en) * | 1983-06-01 | 1985-04-16 | Micron International, Ltd. | Electronic security and surveillance system |
EP0591585A1 (de) * | 1991-07-31 | 1994-04-13 | Mutuo Tanaka | Fernüberwachungseinheit |
FR2700046A1 (fr) * | 1992-12-30 | 1994-07-01 | Hymatom | Dispositif de transmission d'images d'un site protégé. |
WO1996041502A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-19 | The Watt Stopper, Inc. | Moveable desktop load controller |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6486778B2 (en) | 2002-11-26 |
IL139611A (en) | 2005-06-19 |
EP1418555B1 (de) | 2007-10-10 |
US20010015409A1 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
DE59914523D1 (de) | 2007-11-22 |
ATE375580T1 (de) | 2007-10-15 |
IL139611A0 (en) | 2002-02-10 |
EP1109141A1 (de) | 2001-06-20 |
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