EP1416082A1 - Synthetic fibre rope with reinforcing element for mechanically reinforcing the sheath - Google Patents

Abstract

A synthetic fiber cable has two multi-strand cores (31, 32) covered and spaced by a sheath (33). The sheath is reinforced, inside, outside, or integrally, in the region linking the cores, by one or two strips (34) containing fibers. They can be in unoriented or oriented mats or interwoven. The reinforcement can incorporate recesses or teeth for a mating drive wheel.

Description

The invention relates to a synthetic fiber rope with several in a distance from each other extending ropes and a common cable sheath, z. For use in one Elevator installation, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Running ropes are in conveyor technology, especially at Elevators, in crane construction and mining, an important, strong claimed machine element. Is very complex the strain of driven ropes, like them be used for example in lifting equipment.

Thus, in conventional elevator systems of the cabin frame and a counterweight over several steel strand cables connected with each other. To the cabin and the counterweight To lift and lower, the ropes run over one Traction sheave driven by a drive motor. The drive torque is under frictional over each resting the wrap on the traction sheave Rope section imprinted. At the same time the ropes are being pulled, Bending, compression and torsional stresses. The by the Bending over the pulley resulting relative movements cause friction within the rope structure ever after lubricant concentration on the rope wear can have a negative impact. Depending on the rope construction, Bend radius, groove profile and rope safety factor have the resulting primary and secondary voltages negative Influence on the rope condition.

In addition to the strength requirements exists with hoists for energetic reasons, the demand for as small masses as possible. High strength synthetic fiber ropes, for example, from aromatic polyamides, in particular Aramids, with highly oriented molecular chains meet these requirements better than steel cables, but have a lower transverse strength.

Therefore, when running over the aramid fibers To expose the traction sheave to as low a transverse tension as possible, is used for example in EP 0 672 781 A1 as Drift rope suitable parallel rotated Aramid Faserlitzenseil proposed. The known from it Aramid rope offers higher durability Abrasion resistance and bending fatigue very satisfactory values; however, it does exist unfavorable circumstances the possibility of being parallel stranded aramid ropes partial Rope twisting phenomena occur that the original rope structure sustainable in their balance to disturb. These twisting phenomena and the Changes in the rope structure can be done with a Synthetic fiber rope according to European Patent Application EP 1 061 172 A2. For this purpose, this includes Synthetic fiber rope two parallel ropes over a cable sheath are connected together. The Synthetic fiber rope according to EP 1 061 172 A2 achieves a Longitudinal strength essentially by the properties of two parallel ropes. The rope coat, on the other hand prevents twisting and changes in the The rope structure. In addition, the cable sheath serves as insulation (Protective effect) and he has a high coefficient of friction. A vulnerability may vary depending on the application and Application of the web of such a synthetic fiber rope according to EP 1 061 172 A2.

The invention pursues the goal of the known To further improve synthetic fiber ropes to include one Avoid web break.

It is in particular a task of the present Invention, the functionality of plastic ropes on to improve.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a synthetic fiber rope achieved with the features specified in claim 1. The dependent claims contain appropriate and advantageous developments and / or embodiments of by the features of claim 1 given invention.

Figur 1

eine schematische Ansicht einer Aufzugsanlage mit einer über erfindungsgemässe Kunstfaserlitzenseile mit einem Gegengewicht verbundenen Kabine;

Figur 2

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemässen Kunststoffseils (Zwillingsseil);

Figur 3

eine Querschnittsansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemässen Kunststoffseiles;

Figur 4

eine schematische Ansicht einer Seilscheibe mit einem Abschnitt eines Kunststoffseiles, das gemäss Erfindung ein aussen angeordnetes Verstärkungselement aufweist;

Figur 5

eine Querschnittsansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemässen Kunststoffseiles;

Figur 6

eine Querschnittsansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemässen Kunststoffseiles;

Figur 7

eine Querschnittsansicht eines Teils eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemässen Kunststoffseiles;

Figur 8

eine Querschnittsansicht eines Teils eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemässen Kunststoffseiles;

Figur 9

eine Seitenansicht eines Teils eines Verstärkungselementes gemäss Erfindung;

Figur 10

eine Seitenansicht eines Teils eines weiteren Verstärkungselementes gemäss Erfindung.

The invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiments illustrated in the drawings. It shows:

FIG. 1

a schematic view of an elevator system with a connected via inventive fiber strand cables with a counterweight cab;

FIG. 2

a perspective view of a first embodiment of an inventive plastic rope (twin rope);

FIG. 3

a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a plastic rope according to the invention;

FIG. 4

a schematic view of a pulley with a portion of a plastic rope, which according to the invention has an externally arranged reinforcing element;

FIG. 5

a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a plastic rope according to the invention;

FIG. 6

a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a plastic rope according to the invention;

FIG. 7

a cross-sectional view of a portion of another embodiment of a plastic rope according to the invention;

FIG. 8

a cross-sectional view of a portion of another embodiment of a plastic rope according to the invention;

FIG. 9

a side view of a portion of a reinforcing element according to the invention;

FIG. 10

a side view of part of a further reinforcing element according to the invention.

Same, or equivalent, constructive Elements are given the same reference numerals in all figures even if they are not the same in details are executed. The figures are not to scale.

According to FIG. 1, one is guided in a shaft 1 Cabin on a carrying plastic rope according to the invention 3, which preferably comprises aramid fibers and that via a Traction sheave 5 connected to a drive motor 4 is running. On the car 2 is a Seilendverbindung 6, to the plastic rope 3 is attached with one end. The each other end of the plastic rope 3 is in the same Moored to a counterweight 7, which also guided in the shaft 1. At the shown Arrangement is a so-called 1: 1 Suspension, characterized by the fact that the inventive plastic rope 3 only in one direction is curved, since it is only a single traction sheave 5 revolves without being diverted over other discs, such as This is the case, for example, with a 2: 1 suspension.

The low weight of plastic ropes provides the Advantage that in elevator systems to the usual Compensation ropes can be waived partially or completely. Compared to conventional steel cables can thereby the maximum lifting height of an elevator system is increased or the maximum load at the same Rope dimensions are increased.

Under certain circumstances, however, a balancing rope can also be used despite the Use lighter plastic ropes are provided. One Such compensating rope is then used in a similar way its first end connected to the lower end of the cabin 2, from where the compensating rope for example over on Shaft bottom 10 placed pulleys for counterweight 7 leads out.

A first synthetic fiber rope 3 for use in a Elevator installation is shown in FIG. The synthetic fiber rope 3 includes at least two ropes 14 and 15 Synthetic fiber strands 20, 22, 24, and 20, 21, 23, the Consumption are designed in the longitudinal direction. The ropes 14, 15 are along the longitudinal direction 16 of the Synthetic fiber rope 3 with a distance 19 parallel to each other arranged. By a common cable sheath 17 are the Ropes 14, 15 rotationally fixed against each other. Of the Cable sheath 17 forms one parallel to the longitudinal direction the synthetic fiber rope 3 extending web 18 between the two ropes. According to the invention, the synthetic fiber rope comprises 3 a reinforcing element 9 for mechanically reinforcing the Cable sheath 17. In the embodiment shown, this is Reinforcing element 9 arranged in the region of the web 18 and runs parallel to the longitudinal direction 16 of the rope. 3

As material for the mentioned reinforcing elements come general materials in question for Structural reinforcements are suitable, for example aramid, Polyester, glass fibers, carbon fibers or the like.

In connection with the present invention, a Twin rope can be used as synthetic rope 3, as is For example, in the aforementioned European Patent Application EP 1 061 172 A2. One such twin rope can be made of two with mutual Distance parallel to each other arranged synthetic fiber ropes 14 and 15 be built by means of a common surrounding cable sheath 17 in position to each other and are determined in particular rotationally. The ropes 14, 15 can be achieved by twisting rope strands in two or more stages manufactured, twisted ropes, wherein in the last stage two plies 25, 26, 27, 28 or more plies of Rope strands 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 are stranded together. According to the invention, the two differ Synthetic ropes 14, 15 with respect to their Rotation direction, typically with "S" and "Z" is designated. As "S" rotation is a denotes a helical twist, which follows the shape of the letter "S". Corresponding it behaves at a stranding with Z-rotation.

For example, rope yarns can be made in the rope 14 Aramid fibers with S twist to strands 22, 24 with Z twist be stranded. In a first strand layer 26, there are five such strands 22 with Z-twist in the snare stroke with S-rotation placed around a core strand 20. Five more of these Strands 22 are with five diameter larger strands 24 with Z-rotation in parallel beat to a second strand layer 28 stranded. Together they form a turned two-ply Litzenseil, namely the rope 14 with S-twist.

The construction of the cable 15 is shown in FIG Embodiment similar to that of the cable 14; Indeed with opposite directions of rotation "S", "Z". So are in the rope 15 synthetic fiber rope yarns with Z-twist to strands 21, 23 stranded with S-twist. These strands 21, 23 with S-twist are in two layers 25, 27 to the rope 15 with Z-rotation stranded.

In the second strand layer 27 are the Diameter larger strands 23 quasi in the valleys of them carrying the first stranded layer 25, while the five strands 21 on the crests of this supporting first strand layer 25 lie while doing the gaps between each fill adjacent larger diameter strands 23. On This is the way the double-layered cables are stranded in parallel Ropes 14, 15 a nearly cylindrical outer contour.

As can be seen in Figure 2, the entire outer circumference the ropes 14 and 15 of the cable sheath 17 from Plastic material wrapped. The following Plastic materials are especially as a cable sheath suitable: rubber, polyurethane, polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride or polyamide. The respectively elastically deformable Plastic material is preferably on the ropes 14 and 15 sprayed or extruded and then on it compacted. As a result, the sheath material penetrates from outside in all spaces between the strands 22, 24 am Outer circumference and fills these out. The created with it Binding of the cable sheath 17 to the ropes 14 and 15 is so found that only slight relative movements between the Strands 22, 24 of the cables 14, 15 and the cable sheath 17th occur. The cable sheath 17 defines a distance 19 between two trailing rope ropes 14, 15 with a bridging connecting web 18, which as Torque bridge under longitudinal load of Synthetic fiber rope 3 resulting from the rope structure conditional, oppositely oriented torques of Ropes 14, 15 cancel each other and thus over the Total cross section of the synthetic fiber rope 3 a Torque compensation between the sum of all right- and creates all left-handed strand shares.

A synthetic fiber rope 3 according to the invention comprises as Part of the cable sheath 17 at least one elongated executed reinforcing element 9, which is parallel to Longitudinal direction 16 of the synthetic fiber rope 3 extends. In the in FIG. 2 shows the cable sheath 17 together with the two ropes 14, 15 a dumbbell-shaped Arrangement. The elongated reinforcing element 9 is shaped to fit into one of the recesses on the bridge 18 is fitted. The reinforcing element 9 can on the Cable sheath 17 put on or in the cable sheath 17th be integrated. Preferably, two such Reinforcement elements 9 symmetrically in each other arranged opposite recesses in the web area. Particularly suitable is a reinforcing element made of aramid, the transverse strength of the entire synthetic fiber rope. 3 improved.

In a second embodiment of Figure 3 is the synthetic fiber rope 30 (twin rope) consists of two in opposite directions of rotation "S", "Z" stranded cables 31, 32, which are rotationally and in their parallel, spaced apart from each other by a common Cable sheath 33 are fixed. Apart from the different rotation direction "S", "Z" of the ropes 31, 32, the twin rope 30 is symmetrical to the Rope longitudinal axis constructed (the rope longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing). The ropes 31 and 32 each consist of three groups in the example shown of strands 35, 36, 37 with different diameters. The number of yarns in all strands 35, 36, 37 of Synthetic fiber ropes 30 is the same and is dependent on the desired diameter of the cables 31, 32 to be manufactured. In the rope 31 of this embodiment, three Strands 35 with Z-twist to a rope core with S-twist stranded. There are another three strands around this rope core 36 stranded in parallel thrust, which closely to the Create outer contour of the rope core. Finally, the Interspaces between the stranded strands 35, 36 on the outer circumference of the rope 31 with strands 37 of the third group filled. These strands 37 are also stranded in parallel and helical to the rope 31. The structure of the cable 32 differs from that Rope 31 exclusively by opposing each Turning directions "S", "Z" of the aramid yarns and strands.

According to the invention are two elongated running Reinforcement elements 34 are provided, which are parallel to Longitudinal direction of the synthetic fiber rope 30 extend. The Elongated reinforcing elements 34 form a integral part of the cable sheath 33 and are so in the Area of a bridge integrated into this cable sheath that the synthetic fiber rope 30 is a substantially oval Cross section has.

In a further embodiment of an inventive Synthetic fiber ropes - as shown in Figure 4 highly schematized shown - is an elongated executed Reinforcing element 49 provided on the side a synthetic fiber rope 43 is arranged, which when circulating to a pulley 45 of a lift system the larger Curvature radius has. On this outer side of the Synthetic fiber rope 43 experiences the rope when circulating around the Pulley 45 is an elongation caused by the Reinforcement element 49 limited to maximum tensile values can be, the synthetic fiber rope 43 as such no Damage. Such an embodiment with one-sided arranged reinforcing element is particularly suitable for Elevators with 1: 1 suspension, such as in Figure 1 shown.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a synthetic fiber rope 50 shown in section, in which the reinforcing element 59 like a hose-shaped coat the dumbbell-shaped Cable sheath of the rope 53 wrapped. For simplicity 5 are no details of the cable sheath and the inner part of the rope 53 shown.

FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a Synthetic fiber cables 60 shown in section. The Reinforcement 69 is the dumbbell-shaped cable sheath of the rope 63 and forms one in one area Overlap 68, which extends along the entire longitudinal axis the synthetic fiber rope 60 extends. For simplicity are also in Figure 6 no details of the cable sheath and the inner part of the cable 63 shown. The overlap 68 is preferably arranged near one of the recesses, the are in the area of the bridge. This is ensures that the overlap 68 against the two Dumbbell ends are a bit set back, and so less is exposed.

According to another embodiment, the fragmentary As shown in Fig. 7, the synthetic fiber rope 70 has a inner region with fibers 71 on. These fibers 71 are of a reinforcing element 79 wrapped. Preferably, the Reinforcing element 79 sprayed or extruded and then compacted. This penetrates the material of the Reinforcement element 79 from the outside into all spaces between the fibers 71 on the outer circumference and fills them out. This ensures an intimate connection. The Fibers 71 may also be wrapped with a fibrous material Then, after an impregnation process, that Reinforcing element 79 forms. The reinforcing element 79 in turn is surrounded by the cable sheath 77, the preferably with the reinforcing element 79 an intimate Compound has.

According to another embodiment, the fragmentary shown in Figure 8, the synthetic fiber rope 80 has a inner region with fibers 81 on. These fibers 81 are of a cable sheath 87 surrounded, in which the reinforcing element 89 embedded or integrated as a kind of intermediate layer is. Also in this embodiment it is advantageous when the cable sheath 87 and the reinforcing element 89 a make intimate connection with each other.

Preferably, in the embodiments shown the reinforcing elements intimately connected to the cable sheath (such as in Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 shown) or form an integral part of the Cable sheath (as shown for example in Figure 8) to at Stress a better power transmission or a to ensure better force balance.

Preferably, the reinforcing element is elongated executed and extends longitudinally along the Cable casing.

In a further preferred embodiment of a dumbbell-sheathed synthetic fiber rope is the Reinforcement arranged in the region of the web, the between the parallel and spaced ropes is formed.

According to the invention, more than two ropes can each in a distance from each other, preferably parallel to each other, arranged and by a cable sheath with reinforcing element be sheathed.

According to a further embodiment, the Reinforcing member short fiber pieces (e.g., glass fibers, Aramid fibers or the like) included in the Cable sheath are integrated.

Further advantageous embodiments are characterized in that the reinforcing element comprises a woven mat, which is preferably interwoven in different directions, or comprises a fibrous mat, which preferably identifies non-directional fibers, or in that the reinforcing element comprises a meander-shaped wrapping of filaments, wherein the filaments preferably are arranged at different angles to each other. The reinforcing member may also comprise a braided filament assembly wherein the filaments of the filament assembly are loosely or densely interwoven.
According to the invention, the cable sheath may have a dumbbell-shaped, cylindrical, oval, concave, rectangular or wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape.

In a further embodiment, the Reinforcement element designed so that a certain Cracking (for example, by stretching or fatigue) in the Cable sheath is allowed. The reinforcing element prevents the formation of deep cracks in the Cable sheath and thus preserves the integrity of the rope as Whole. To control the cracking or their To limit the extent is particularly suitable Embodiment of the type shown in Figure 8, in which the Reinforcement arranged within the cable sheath is. The cracking can thereby on the outer area be limited to the cable sheath.

Preferably, the reinforcement according to the invention is so that they are not or hardly a reinforcement in Forms longitudinal direction. The longitudinal forces should continue mainly of artificial fiber strands of synthetic fiber rope be recorded. Preferably, the reinforcement serves according to the invention, an increase in the alternating bending strength (Lateral load) and / or torsional strength.

The synthetic fiber cables shown in FIGS. 2 to 8 are special for driving through a pulley suitable, wherein the power transmission between the Pulley and the synthetic fiber rope substantially per Friction occurs.

The invention can also be designed on belt-like Synthetic fiber cables are transmitted, as shown below various embodiments will be described. Belt-like synthetic fiber ropes stand out characterized in that the power transmission essentially per Positive locking occurs. For this purpose, either the Washer around the belt-shaped synthetic fiber rope rotates, teeth, nubs or other protruding elements, in the corresponding recesses of the belt-like intervene laid fiber rope, or that belt-like designed synthetic fiber rope itself has a Number of teeth, nubs or other protruding Elements on with recesses of a disc in Interacting.

According to the invention has a belt-like design Synthetic fiber rope at least one elongated executed Reinforcement element on. This reinforcing element has either recesses on that with teeth, nubs or other protruding elements of a disc in Interaction can occur, or the reinforcing element has teeth, nubs or other protruding elements on, in a correspondingly executed disc can intervene.

A first elongate reinforcing element 99 is shown in FIG. The illustrated element 99 has a number of uniformly spaced recesses 91. The reinforcing element 99 can either be intimately connected to the cable sheath of a synthetic fiber rope, or it can be integrated into the sheath, wherein the recesses 91, however, must be accessible from the outside.
Another elongate reinforcing element 109 is shown in FIG. The illustrated element 109 has a number of uniformly spaced teeth 101. The reinforcing element 109 can either be intimately connected to the cable sheath of a synthetic fiber rope, or it can be integrated into the sheath, the teeth 101 protrude from the sheath.

The inventive embodiments allow the Increase lateral strength of synthetic fiber ropes. So that can In particular, the bending change performance can be improved. Bar breaks or weakenings in the bridge area can be avoided.

The invention is generally applicable to hoists such as cranes, Material and passenger lifts as well as on machines Apply in which forces over drivable ropes be transmitted.

Claims (10)

Synthetic fiber rope (3; 30; 43; 50; 60; 70; 80) consisting of at least two ropes (14, 15; 31, 32) of synthetic fiber strands (20-28; 35-37; 71; 81) for force absorption in the longitudinal direction (16) and preferably allow a frictional force transmission, wherein the cables (14, 15, 31, 32) along the longitudinal direction (16) of the synthetic fiber rope (3; 30; 43; 50; 60; 70; 80) are fixed to one another at a distance (19) from each other and fixed by means of a cable sheath (17; 33; 77; 87) forming a web (18) between the two cables (14, 15; 31, 32), characterized in that Synthetic fiber rope (3; 30; 43; 50; 60; 70; 80) one or more reinforcing elements (9; 34; 49; 59; 69; 79; 89; 99; 109) for mechanically reinforcing the rope sheath (17; 33; 77 87). Synthetic fiber rope (80) according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing element (89) is an integral part of the cable sheath (87). A synthetic fiber rope (3; 30; 43; 50; 60; 70; 80) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcing element (9; 34; 49; 59; 69; 79; 89; 99; 109) is elongated and extending in the longitudinal direction (16) along the cable sheath (17; 33; 77; 87), in particular in the region of the web (18). Synthetic fiber rope (60) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the reinforcing element (69) wound around the cable sheath or the reinforcing element (59) in the form of a hose surrounds the cable sheath. Synthetic fiber rope (3; 30) according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the reinforcing element comprises one or two strip-shaped elements (9; 34; 99; 109) arranged in the region of the web (18) , A synthetic fiber rope (80) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcing element (89) comprises short fiber pieces integrated in the rope sheath (87). Synthetic fiber rope (3; 30; 50; 60; 70; 80) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the reinforcing element (9; 34; 59; 69; 79; 89; 99; 109) comprises a woven mat, which is preferably interwoven in different directions, or a fibrous mat comprising preferably non-directional fibers, or a meander-shaped wrapping of filaments, wherein the filaments are preferably arranged at different angles to each other, or a braided filament assembly, wherein the filaments of the filament assembly are loosely or densely interwoven. Synthetic fiber rope (50; 60; 70; 80) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the reinforcing element (59; 69; 79; 89) in the interior of the synthetic fiber rope (70) between the fibers (71) of the respective rope and the cable sheath (77), or as a layer (89) within the cable sheath (87), or on the outside of the synthetic fiber rope (50; 60) is arranged. Synthetic fiber rope (3; 30; 43; 50; 60; 70; 80) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcing element consists of aramide, polyester, glass fibers, carbon fibers or a material suitable for structural reinforcements, there. Synthetic fiber rope according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the reinforcing element (99; 109) a number of recesses (91) adapted to interact with teeth or other protruding elements of a gear or pinion, or a number of teeth (101), nubs or other protruding elements adapted to interact with recesses of a disc, wherein the power transmission is essentially done by positive engagement.

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