EP1413742B1 - Dispositif d'injection de combustible pour un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Dispositif d'injection de combustible pour un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1413742B1
EP1413742B1 EP03011894A EP03011894A EP1413742B1 EP 1413742 B1 EP1413742 B1 EP 1413742B1 EP 03011894 A EP03011894 A EP 03011894A EP 03011894 A EP03011894 A EP 03011894A EP 1413742 B1 EP1413742 B1 EP 1413742B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve element
fuel injection
control
inner valve
injection apparatus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03011894A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1413742A1 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Boecking
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1413742A1 publication Critical patent/EP1413742A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1413742B1 publication Critical patent/EP1413742B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M45/086—Having more than one injection-valve controlling discharge orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/46—Valves, e.g. injectors, with concentric valve bodies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, having a housing with an injection region, with a recess provided in the housing, with at least two in the recess coaxially arranged valve elements which cooperate with a valve seat at the injection area, wherein the inner valve element shorter than the outer valve element, wherein an urging device is present, which acts on the inner valve element at least temporarily in the opening direction, wherein a control piston is present, which cooperates with the inner valve element, and wherein the control piston has a pressure surface whose force results in the closing direction and which limits a control room.
  • Such a fuel injection device is known from DE 41 15 477 A1 known.
  • This shows an injection nozzle with two coaxially arranged valve needles.
  • the valve pins are "pressure controlled". This means that they are acted upon by a constant force by a helical compression spring against the valve seat.
  • the two valve needles In the area of the injection end, the two valve needles each have over pressure surfaces whose force results in the direction of opening and at which the injection pressure acts. By increasing the injection pressure, the valve needles can be lifted against the force of the compression springs from the corresponding valve seats.
  • the inner valve needle is connected to a control piston, which in turn has a pressure surface acting in the closing direction. If a high fluid pressure prevails in the control space bounded by the pressure area, a corresponding force acts in the closing direction, which prevents the inner valve needle from being able to lift off the valve seat.
  • the present invention therefore has the object, a force injection device of the type mentioned in such a way that it has better fuel consumption and emissions and at the same time builds compact.
  • EP 0 967 383 A shows an injector in which the inner valve element operates stroke-controlled, but without the aid of a control piston.
  • the inner valve element works "stroke-controlled". This means that the fuel pressure acting on the injection region can have the optimum value for the respective injection, without this affecting the opening behavior of the inner valve element.
  • the inner valve element is opened only when the fluid pressure in the control chamber is lowered for a short time. With such a fuel injection device, a pressure curve is achieved during the injection of the fuel, with which in many applications better emissions and low fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine can be achieved. Due to the short construction of the valve elements, the device is very compact.
  • the inner valve element has a circumferential shoulder on which a first pretensioning device acting in the closing direction is supported.
  • a first pretensioning device acting in the closing direction is supported.
  • Such a paragraph can be easily made by machine on the valve element, and such acting in the closing direction biasing device is also during the startup phase of the internal combustion engine, if in the control room is still no high fuel pressure, ensure that the inner valve member rests against its valve seat and no fuel accidentally the fuel injection device is discharged.
  • the reliability is improved by this training so in a cost effective manner.
  • the first pretensioning device be supported on an sealing sleeve, which comprises a sealing edge, which is acted upon by a second biasing means against the outer valve element.
  • the first and second biasing means are thus connected in series.
  • the corresponding fuel injection device therefore builds comparatively narrow.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the fuel injection device according to the invention is that the inner valve element is guided in the outer valve element fluid-tight, and that between the control piston and the outer valve element at least partially an annular space is present, which is connected to a low pressure port. Since the inner valve member builds relatively short, the fluid-tight guide must extend only over a relatively short distance. Possibly passing through the guide fuel can reach the low pressure port and be discharged from there as a leakage fluid. Even with a short sealing distance thus the operability of the fuel injection device according to the invention is ensured.
  • control piston comprises a control section on which the pressure surface is present, and a transmission section arranged between valve element and control section, which part constitutes a separate part from the control section.
  • control section on which the pressure surface is present
  • transmission section arranged between valve element and control section, which part constitutes a separate part from the control section.
  • the contact surface of the control section is spherically curved with the transmission section and the corresponding contact surface on the transmission section is designed to be complementary thereto.
  • centering errors that may be present due to manufacturing tolerances can be compensated very easily.
  • this lowers the production costs of the fuel injection device according to the invention and, on the other hand, makes possible a very good and easy mobility of the valve elements.
  • the contact surface of the valve element with the control piston spherically curved and the corresponding contact surface on the control piston is designed to be complementary.
  • the contact surfaces on the transmission section to the control section and the inner valve element are each part of a common spherical surface whose center lies on the central axis of the transmission section.
  • the transfer section can be very easily installed and centered by itself between the control section on the one hand and the inner valve element on the other.
  • a fuel system of an internal combustion engine carries the overall reference numeral 10. It comprises a fuel tank 12, from which an electric fuel pump 14 delivers fuel into a low-pressure fuel line 16.
  • the high pressure fuel pump 18 is driven by a camshaft, not shown, of the internal combustion engine.
  • the high pressure fuel pump 18 delivers the fuel into a fuel rail 20 ("rail").
  • injectors 22 are connected, which are hereinafter referred to as "injectors" for simplicity.
  • injectors 22 inject the fuel directly into a respective associated combustion chamber 24.
  • the connection of the injectors 22 to the fuel rail 20 is accomplished by a high pressure port 26. Via a low-pressure connection 28, the injectors 22 are each connected to a return line 30.
  • the operation of the internal combustion engine, the fuel system 10 and in particular the injectors 22 is controlled or regulated by a control and regulating device 32.
  • the fuel system 10 described above belongs to a direct-injection engine. It can be used both for a gasoline internal combustion engine as well as for a diesel internal combustion engine.
  • the injector 22 comprises a housing 34 with a nozzle body 36, a middle part 38 and an upper part 40 (now and hereinafter the statements "top” and “bottom” refer to the illustration in Figure 2), but in principle it applies that the injector 22 in any location in the room can be installed).
  • the nozzle body 36 has at its end via an injection region 42, which faces the combustion chamber 24 in the installed position.
  • a recess 44 is present, in which two coaxially arranged valve elements 46 and 48 are present.
  • the outer valve element is tubular and has at its lower end a sealing edge 50, which cooperates with a valve seat 52 at the lower end of the recess 44.
  • the inner valve element 48 is guided fluid-tight in the outer valve element 46. Its longitudinal extent corresponds approximately to its diameter.
  • the lower end of the inner valve member 48 tapers conically. In this case, two regions with different conicity are present, between which a sealing edge 54 is formed, which in turn cooperates with a valve seat 56 in the lower region of the recess 44.
  • valve seat 52 Radially inwardly from the valve seat 52 are distributed over the circumference of the nozzle body 36 a plurality of fuel outlet channels 58 present. Still further radially inwardly, radially inwardly of the valve seat 56, there is another row of fuel discharge channels 60 distributed over the circumference of the nozzle body 36.
  • the outer valve element 46 is guided in a fluid-tight manner in the recess 44 in the nozzle body 36 with a guide section 62. Below the guide section 62, the outer valve element 46 has a slightly smaller diameter. The resulting circumferential step forms a pressure surface 64 whose force-resultant is directed in the opening direction of the outer valve element 46.
  • annular space is present between the outer valve element 46 and the wall of the recess 44, which forms a pressure chamber 66. It is connected via a high pressure passage 68 to the high pressure port 26.
  • the outer valve element 46 extends in its longitudinal direction approximately to the upper edge of the nozzle body 36. Its annular upper end wall forms a control surface 70 which defines an annular control chamber 72. After radially inward, the control chamber 72 is bounded by a sealing sleeve 74, which rests with a relatively sharp sealing edge (without reference numeral) on the control surface 70 of the outer valve element 46.
  • the sealing sleeve 74 is acted upon by a tube spring 76 against the control surface 70.
  • the tubular spring 76 is in turn supported on a support ring 78, which rests against a shoulder (without reference numeral) of the recess 44.
  • the inner valve member 48 is considerably shorter than the outer valve member 46. Its upper boundary surface 80 is concave spherical curved. On it lies flat on a complementary thereto contact surface 82 of a transmission rod 84 at. This extends in the recess 44 beyond the nozzle body 36 also into the middle part 38 of the housing 34. An upper end surface 86 of the transmission rod 84 is convexly curved in a spherical shape. At her flat is a complementary thereto contact surface 88 of a cylindrical control part 90 at. This in turn is fluid-tight and slidably guided in the recess 44 in the middle part 38 of the housing 34.
  • the lower contact surface 82 and the upper contact surface 86 of the transmission rod 84 lie on a common spherical surface whose center lies on the central axis of the transmission rod 84. If necessary, a particularly low-friction layer may be present between contacting surfaces.
  • the transmission rod 84 and the control part 90 form a total of a control piston 92.
  • a circumferential shoulder 94 is present, on which a tube spring 96 is supported.
  • the other end of the tube spring 96 is supported on a radially inwardly facing annular web (without reference numeral) of the sealing sleeve 74 from.
  • the diameter of the transmission rod 84th However, the same applies to the ratio between the diameter of the transmission rod 84 and the inner diameter of the sealing sleeve 74.
  • the annular space 98 created in this way is connected to the low pressure port 28 of FIG Injector 22 connected.
  • control part 90 forms a pressure surface 102, which delimits a control chamber 104.
  • the control chamber 104 is connected via a milled into the upper end face of the central part 38 fluid passage 106 with an inlet throttle 108 to the high-pressure passage 68.
  • control chamber 72 is connected via a milled into the lower end face of the central part 38 fluid passage 110 with a flow restrictor 112 to the high pressure passage 68.
  • a 3/3-way valve 114 is present in the upper part 40. Its valve element 116 cooperates with an upper valve seat 118 and a lower valve seat 120. It is moved by an actuator 122, which in turn is controlled by the control and regulating device 32.
  • the valve element 116 is arranged in a switching chamber 124, which is connected in the region of the lower valve seat 120 via a fluid channel with an outlet throttle 126 to the control chamber 104.
  • the switching chamber 124 is connected to the low-pressure connection 28. Laterally from the switching chamber branches off a flow channel 128, which leads via a throttle point 130 to the control chamber 72.
  • the injector 22 works as follows:
  • valve element 116 of the 3/3-way valve 114 is located at the top Valve seat 118 on. In this switching position, the valve element is acted upon by a compression spring (no reference numeral), and in this switching position there is no fluid connection between the two control chambers 72 and 104 and the low pressure port 28. On the other hand, the control chambers 72 and 104 via the high pressure passage 68 and the fluid channels 106 and 110 further connected to the high-pressure port 26.
  • control chambers 72 and 104 thus prevails approximately at the high pressure port 26 applied high fluid pressure, which causes a corresponding in the closing direction of the valve elements 46 and 48 acting hydraulic force on the control surfaces 70 and 102.
  • This hydraulic force acting in the closing direction is greater than the hydraulic force acting on the pressure surface 64 of the outer valve element 46 in the opening direction.
  • the outer valve member 46 is pressed with its sealing edge 50 against the valve seat 52.
  • Fuel can not escape through the fuel exit passages 58.
  • there is only a slight pressure on the pressure surface 57 so that the inner valve element 48 is also pressed against the valve seat 56 via the transmission rod 84 and the control part 90 with its sealing edge 54.
  • valve element 116 of the 3/3-way valve 114 is brought into an intermediate switching position. In this, both control chambers 72 and 104 are connected to the low pressure port 28. Thus, the force acting on the control surface 102 of the control member 90 hydraulic force decreases, so that now acting on the pressure surface 57 hydraulic force can lift the inner valve member 48 with the sealing edge 54 from the valve seat 56, whereby the flow path to the fuel discharge channels 60 from the high pressure port 26 ago is free.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Dispositif d'injection de carburant (22) pour un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant :
    - un boîtier (34) présentant une zone d'injection (42) ainsi qu'un évidement (44) logeant coaxialement des éléments de soupape (46, 48) coopérant chacun avec un siège de soupape (52, 56) dans la zone d'injection (42), l'élément de soupape interne (48) étant plus court que l'élément de soupape externe (46),
    - un dispositif d'actionnement (57) qui actionne l'élément de soupape interne (48) au moins temporairement dans le sens d'ouverture, et
    - un piston de commande (92) qui, coopérant avec l'élément de soupape interne (48), a une surface de poussée (102) dont la résultante des forces est dirigée dans le sens de fermeture et qui délimite une chambre de commande (104),
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de soupape (48) fonctionne en course commandée, le dispositif d'actionnement (57) exerce sur l'élément de soupape interne (48) une force d'ouverture à peu près constante, et dans la chambre de commande (104) règne une pression de fluide qui peut être abaissée pendant un court instant.
  2. Dispositif d'injection de carburant (22) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le piston de commande (92) présente un épaulement (94) périphérique sur lequel s'appuie un premier dispositif de précontrainte (96) agissant dans le sens de fermeture.
  3. Dispositif d'injection de carburant (22) selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le premier dispositif de précontrainte (96) s'appuie sur une douille d'étanchéité (74) présentant un bord d'étanchéité poussé par un second dispositif de précontrainte (76) contre l'élément de soupape externe (46).
  4. Dispositif d'injection de carburant (22) selon une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de soupape interne (48) est guidé dans l'élément de soupape externe (46) avec étanchéité au fluide, et entre le piston de commande (92) et l'élément de soupape externe (46) se trouve au moins localement une chambre annulaire (98) reliée à un raccord basse pression (28).
  5. Dispositif d'injection de carburant (22) selon une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le piston de commande (92) comprend une partie de commande (90) sur laquelle se trouve la surface de poussée (102), et une partie de transmission (84) située entre l'élément interne de soupape (48) et la partie de commande (90), et séparée de celle-ci.
  6. Dispositif d'injection de carburant (22) selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la surface de contact (28) de la partie de commande (90) avec la partie de transmission (84) présente une courbure sphérique et la surface de contact correspondante (86) prévue sur la partie de transmission (84) présente pour cela une configuration complémentaire.
  7. Dispositif d'injection de carburant (22) selon une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la surface de contact (80) de l'élément de soupape (48) avec le piston de commande (92) présente une courbure sphérique et la surface de contact correspondante (82) prévue sur le piston de commande (92) présente pour cela une configuration complémentaire.
  8. Dispositif d'injection de carburant (22) selon les revendications 6 et 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    sur la partie de transmission (84), les surfaces de contact (82, 86) avec la partie de commande (90) et avec l'élément de soupape interne (48) font chacune partie d'une portée sphérique commune, dont le centre se trouve sur l'axe médian de la partie de transmission (84).
EP03011894A 2002-10-17 2003-05-27 Dispositif d'injection de combustible pour un moteur à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP1413742B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10248379 2002-10-17
DE10248379A DE10248379A1 (de) 2002-10-17 2002-10-17 Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1413742A1 EP1413742A1 (fr) 2004-04-28
EP1413742B1 true EP1413742B1 (fr) 2007-08-08

Family

ID=32049347

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03011894A Expired - Lifetime EP1413742B1 (fr) 2002-10-17 2003-05-27 Dispositif d'injection de combustible pour un moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US6971592B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1413742B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10248379A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10337609A1 (de) * 2003-08-16 2005-03-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung, insbesondere für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit Direkteinspritzung
DE10349639A1 (de) * 2003-10-24 2005-05-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
CN101268273B (zh) * 2005-04-06 2012-01-18 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 用于减少烟灰排放的喷射器双列簇配置
EP1744051B1 (fr) * 2005-07-13 2008-04-09 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Buse d'injection
US20070163243A1 (en) * 2006-01-17 2007-07-19 Arvin Technologies, Inc. Exhaust system with cam-operated valve assembly and associated method
DE102006008648A1 (de) * 2006-02-24 2007-08-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
JP4428357B2 (ja) * 2006-04-03 2010-03-10 株式会社デンソー 燃料噴射弁
DE102008040680A1 (de) * 2008-07-24 2010-01-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoff-Injektor

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4167168A (en) * 1976-02-05 1979-09-11 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Fuel injection apparatus
DE3112381A1 (de) * 1981-03-28 1982-11-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Elektrisch gesteuerte kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung fuer mehrzylinder-brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere zur kraftstoffdirekteinspritzung bei fremdgezuendeten brennkraftmaschinen
DE3409763A1 (de) * 1984-03-16 1985-09-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage
CH671809A5 (fr) * 1986-09-09 1989-09-29 Nova Werke Ag
DE4115477C2 (de) * 1990-05-17 2003-02-06 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech Einspritzdüse für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE19739905A1 (de) * 1997-09-11 1999-03-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
GB9813476D0 (en) * 1998-06-24 1998-08-19 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injector
EP0978649B1 (fr) * 1998-08-06 2004-05-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Buse d'injection de combustible
GB9914642D0 (en) * 1999-06-24 1999-08-25 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injector

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6971592B2 (en) 2005-12-06
US20040129805A1 (en) 2004-07-08
DE50307858D1 (de) 2007-09-20
DE10248379A1 (de) 2004-04-29
EP1413742A1 (fr) 2004-04-28

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