EP1411296B1 - Lance à oxygène pour la gazéification à haute température de déchets et procédé de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Lance à oxygène pour la gazéification à haute température de déchets et procédé de fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1411296B1
EP1411296B1 EP03090302A EP03090302A EP1411296B1 EP 1411296 B1 EP1411296 B1 EP 1411296B1 EP 03090302 A EP03090302 A EP 03090302A EP 03090302 A EP03090302 A EP 03090302A EP 1411296 B1 EP1411296 B1 EP 1411296B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxygen
fuel
burner
high temperature
oxygen lance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03090302A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1411296A2 (fr
EP1411296A3 (fr
Inventor
Günter H. Kiss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thermoselect AG
Original Assignee
Thermoselect AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thermoselect AG filed Critical Thermoselect AG
Priority to SI200332034T priority Critical patent/SI1411296T1/sl
Publication of EP1411296A2 publication Critical patent/EP1411296A2/fr
Publication of EP1411296A3 publication Critical patent/EP1411296A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1411296B1 publication Critical patent/EP1411296B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/32—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/40—Gasification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for fuel supplies
    • F23K2900/05003—Non-continuous fluid fuel supply

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an oxygen lance according to the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating the same in a high-temperature reactor.
  • Oxygen lances in the sense referred to here are water-cooled nozzles, with which usually oxygen or oxygen-enriched air is injected into the inner combustion chamber of gasification reactors.
  • German Patent 195 12 249 C2 teaches to use oxygen lances with at least one permanently burning pilot flame of high flame temperature and high burning rate are operated such that the lance oxygen is accelerated to at least approximately sound velocity, whereby the lance oxygen is also extremely heated.
  • the high temperature of the oxygen increases the gasification rate, the strong acceleration of the oxygen decisively increases the range of action of the lance.
  • an oxygen lance is used for this, which is equipped with a burner for generating the pilot flame.
  • This burner / oxygen lance combination is characterized in particular by the fact that in addition to a first oxygen channel, which serves to introduce oxygen into the gasification bed of the reactor, a separate, second oxygen channel is provided, which provides the supply of the pilot flame generated by the burner with oxygen.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a burner / oxygen lance combination and a method for their use, which can be used in the burner operation and thereby meets the above-mentioned in the assessment of the prior art risks and disadvantages.
  • the channel for the transport of reaction oxygen ie the oxygen which is introduced into the gasification bed of the reactor for reaction
  • the channel for supplying fuel oxygen that is the oxygen for supplying the burner or pilot flame
  • non-hot syngas from the reactor may diffuse into the oxygen channel and avoid the risk of deflagration upon re-start of the oxygen supply to the gasification bed of the reactor (reaction oxygen) while precluding the condensation of hot syngas in the reaction oxygen feed channel.
  • the device construction of the oxygen lance with burner device as a whole is simplified, since connections and additional channels for the separate feed of oxygen for pilot / burner flame on the one hand and the oxygen supply to the gasification bed of the reactor on the other hand omitted.
  • control device which controls the amount of oxygen supplied in at least two different passage states, on the other hand, the respectively necessary for the two operating conditions burner flame and supply of reaction oxygen in the gasification bed on the one hand and burner flame without supply of reaction oxygen in the gasification Quantity of oxygen metered fed.
  • the reactants fuel and oxygen are supplied in an approximately stoichiometric ratio for the combustion in the burner flame.
  • the oxygen is supplied in a stoichiometric ratio to the fuel, so that the proportion of the supplied oxygen content of the stoichiometric Ratio to combustion in the burner flame is necessary goes beyond, is fed as a reactant to the combustion bed of the high temperature reactor.
  • Fuel in the context of this entire application may be, for example, methane gas, process-own synthesis gas or individual components thereof as well as liquid and / or pumpable, pollutant-containing substances.
  • An advantageous embodiment for a control device which controls the amount of oxygen supplied in at least two different passage states is the realization as valves connected in parallel in the oxygen flow. This achieves a robust and technically particularly simple way of producing the required pass states with precisely adjustable and constant passage quantities.
  • Another development of the invention provides to provide the reactor-side end of the burner / oxygen lance combination with an interchangeable lable burner head.
  • This is on the one hand advantageous since the burner head is exposed to the hot atmosphere of the high-temperature reactor and thus has only a limited service life as a wearing part, so that a quick and easy interchangeability significantly simplifies the maintenance of the oxygen lance.
  • the interchangeability of such a burner head is particularly favored by the property of the invention that the structural design of the oxygen lance on the reactor side final burner head and the connection between the burner head and oxygen lance in its construction is significantly simplified by the inventive saving of supply channels.
  • the burner head can be realized by a plug or a screw connection, which is in spatial agreement with the channels of the oxygen lance.
  • An advantageous development of the method for operating the oxygen lance provides for the control device to be switched over in a pulsating manner between the two operating states.
  • the reaction oxygen introduced into the gasification bed of the reactor by the oxygen lance is introduced in a pulsed manner, so that there is the advantage that channels in the gasification bed, which may have been formed by the oxygen jet of the lance, collapse during the pauses in the pulse.
  • “bridging" in the gasification bed is avoided.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an oxygen lance for high-temperature gasification of heterogeneous waste according to the prior art (A) and as an embodiment of the present invention (B) in juxtaposition.
  • the fuel supply channel I is internal. It surrounds him a single oxygen channel II, to which the known from the prior art separate supply channels for combustible oxygen and reaction oxygen are summarized.
  • the fuel channel I and the oxygen channel II lead in each case as much fuel or oxygen as for the stoichiometric combustion in the pilot flame of Burner is required, wherein the pressure of the oxygen for the burner is chosen so that it is always above the partial pressure in the high-temperature reactor, so that penetration of hot synthesis gas is excluded in the oxygen supply. If, in addition, oxygen as reaction oxygen enters the combustion bed of the reactor, then correspondingly more oxygen is supplied in the oxygen channel II.
  • the supply is provided by the control device not shown in detail in this figure.
  • Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a more detailed embodiment of a burner / oxygen lance combination according to the invention.
  • connection valves which are in the present case designed separately from the control valves and the fluid connection between the valves and the supply channels shown.
  • water cooling consisting of feed nozzle 11 and passage channels 4 and 5 such that along the main axis of the oxygen lance the water is first led all the lance tube along to the burner tip 1 and then out of the burner tip 1 opposite out again.
  • the burner tip 1 is fastened by a plug connection to the lance tube 2 and has a funnel-shaped depression, which tapers from the reactor-side end of the burner tip to the lower-lying mouth of the feed tube for fuel I.
  • the burner tip is designed so that the cooling water channel, which spends the water from the side facing away from the reactor to the burner tip is fluidly connected to the cooling water channel, which carries the water in the opposite direction. This is done by a corresponding design of the burner tip by small, with the cooling water channels in the plugged state tightly closing channels with channel walls 31, 32nd
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a control device according to the invention, which is realized by two parallel-connected in the oxygen flow valves IV and V and also a valve VI for controlling the separate fuel supply.
  • the oxygen flows into the left distributor and divides into a first and a second oxygen stream.
  • the first oxygen flow is controlled in its flow rate from the valve for the fuel oxygen V, while the second oxygen flow in its quantity through the valve is determined for the reaction oxygen IV.
  • the two oxygen streams reunite into a stream, which then leaves the control device. It can be dosed by the closing of the valve IV and the correspondingly wide openings of the valve V, the oxygen in the amount required for stoichiometric combustion in the pilot flame of the burner, which pressure must always be above the partial pressure in the high temperature reactor. To maintain the stoichiometric combustion ratio, therefore, the opening of the valve VI, which controls the supply of fuel gas, must be adjusted accordingly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Lance à oxygène pour la gazéification à haute température de déchets hétérogènes, le cas échéant prétraités thermiquement, comportant des canaux (I, II, III) pour le transport d'oxygène réactif, pour l'acheminement de combustible et pour l'acheminement d'oxygène de combustion,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le canal de transport d'oxygène réactif (III) est identique au canal d'acheminement d'oxygène de combustion (II) et en ce qu'elle comporte un dispositif de pilotage, qui contrôle la quantité d'oxygène acheminé selon au moins deux états passants différents.
  2. Lance à oxygène selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de pilotage présente des soupapes (IV, V) montées en parallèle dans le flux d'oxygène.
  3. Lance à oxygène selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'une tête de combustion interchangeable (1) est prévue du côté de la sortie des réactifs.
  4. Lance à oxygène selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que la tête de combustion (1) est fixée par un raccordement à fiche ou un raccordement à vis (31, 32).
  5. Lance à oxygène selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que les canaux (I, II), placés l'un dans l'autre, sont disposés concentriquement dans le sens axial
  6. Lance à oxygène selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que des canaux de moyens réfrigérants (4, 5) sont prévus en outre.
  7. Procédé pour faire fonctionner une lance à oxygène selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 dans un réacteur à haute température, dans lequel la lance à oxygène est en service permanent avec au moins une flamme de combustion,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - selon un premier mode de fonctionnement, les réactifs, à savoir le combustible et l'oxygène, sont acheminés dans un rapport approximativement stoechiométrique vers la flamme de combustion,
    - selon un second mode de fonctionnement, l'oxygène est acheminé en quantité surstoechiométrique par rapport au combustible de sorte que cette portion de l'oxygène pénètre comme partenaire réactionnel dans le réacteur à haute température,
    dans lequel la pression de l'oxygène est toujours choisie de sorte qu'elle soit supérieure à la pression partielle dans le réacteur à haute température.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'on commute entre le premier mode de fonctionnement et le second mode de fonctionnement avec une commutation pulsée.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on choisit du gaz méthane comme combustible.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on choisit comme combustible un gaz de synthèse issu du procédé ou d'individuels composants de ce gaz.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on choisit également comme combustible des substances liquides et/ou pompables contenant des composants nocifs.
EP03090302A 2002-10-14 2003-09-18 Lance à oxygène pour la gazéification à haute température de déchets et procédé de fonctionnement Expired - Lifetime EP1411296B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200332034T SI1411296T1 (sl) 2002-10-14 2003-09-18 Kisikova sulica za visoko temperaturno uplinjanje odpadkov in postopek delovanja

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10248530 2002-10-14
DE10248530A DE10248530B4 (de) 2002-10-14 2002-10-14 Sauerstofflanze zur Hochtemperaturvergasung von Abfällen, sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben derselben

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1411296A2 EP1411296A2 (fr) 2004-04-21
EP1411296A3 EP1411296A3 (fr) 2006-08-02
EP1411296B1 true EP1411296B1 (fr) 2011-05-25

Family

ID=32038748

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03090302A Expired - Lifetime EP1411296B1 (fr) 2002-10-14 2003-09-18 Lance à oxygène pour la gazéification à haute température de déchets et procédé de fonctionnement

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1411296B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4276041B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101096316B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE511063T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10248530B4 (fr)
DK (1) DK1411296T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2372001T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1411296E (fr)
SI (1) SI1411296T1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7416404B2 (en) * 2005-04-18 2008-08-26 General Electric Company Feed injector for gasification and related method

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1152783B (de) * 1961-08-28 1963-08-14 Metallgesellschaft Ag Brenner zur thermischen Umsetzung von gasfoermigen und/oder dampffoermigen bzw. fluessigen Kohlenwasserstoffen und/oder sonstigen Brenngasen mit sauerstoffhaltigen Gasen und Verfahren zum Betrieb des Brenners
DE2703921C3 (de) * 1977-01-31 1980-09-11 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Verfahren zur Inbetriebnahme oder Herstellung der Betriebsbereitschaft eines Reaktors für die partielle Oxidation von schwerflüchtigen flüssigen oder festen Brennstoffen
GB2151348B (en) * 1983-12-09 1986-08-06 Shell Int Research Burner and process for producing synthesis gas from hydrocarbon fuel
JPH0629659B2 (ja) 1985-11-15 1994-04-20 日本酸素株式会社 高温酸素ランス
DE19512249C2 (de) * 1994-06-10 1996-11-07 Thermoselect Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Sauerstofflanze bei der Hochtemperaturvergasung heterogener Abfälle
DE19637195C2 (de) * 1996-02-16 1998-12-17 Thermoselect Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Hochtemperaturreaktors zur Behandlung von Entsorgungsgütern
US6005149A (en) * 1998-08-18 1999-12-21 Engineering, Separation & Recycling, Ltd. Co. Method and apparatus for processing organic materials to produce chemical gases and carbon char
JP3738141B2 (ja) * 1998-11-10 2006-01-25 岩谷産業株式会社 酸素富化率可変バーナ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR101096316B1 (ko) 2011-12-20
DE10248530A1 (de) 2004-04-22
PT1411296E (pt) 2011-08-11
EP1411296A2 (fr) 2004-04-21
DE10248530B4 (de) 2004-08-12
KR20040034444A (ko) 2004-04-28
ES2372001T3 (es) 2012-01-12
JP2004132693A (ja) 2004-04-30
ATE511063T1 (de) 2011-06-15
DK1411296T3 (da) 2011-08-29
JP4276041B2 (ja) 2009-06-10
EP1411296A3 (fr) 2006-08-02
SI1411296T1 (sl) 2011-09-30

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