EP1397566B1 - Unterdruck-abwassersystem - Google Patents

Unterdruck-abwassersystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1397566B1
EP1397566B1 EP02780838A EP02780838A EP1397566B1 EP 1397566 B1 EP1397566 B1 EP 1397566B1 EP 02780838 A EP02780838 A EP 02780838A EP 02780838 A EP02780838 A EP 02780838A EP 1397566 B1 EP1397566 B1 EP 1397566B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
discharge valve
waste
valve
vacuum
sewer pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02780838A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1397566A1 (de
Inventor
Gunnar Lindroos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evac Oy
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Evac International Oy
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1397566A1 publication Critical patent/EP1397566A1/de
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Publication of EP1397566B1 publication Critical patent/EP1397566B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D5/00—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system
    • E03D5/01—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system using flushing pumps
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
    • E03F1/006—Pneumatic sewage disposal systems; accessories specially adapted therefore

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for transporting waste material in a vacuum sewer system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a vacuum sewer system. (see e.g. US-A-6 216 285).
  • An object of the invention is to provide a method by which the above-mentioned disadvantages are avoided and which makes it possible to transport the waste efficiently with simple means.
  • the object is attained by a method according to the invention the main features of which are given in claim 1.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to determine the length of the flush sequence automatically according to the amount of waste, i.e. the size of waste batch or discrete waste slug to be transported, in which case the amount of air per flush sequence is constant.
  • the flow through the first discharge valve is accelerating in nature in which case the flow rate increases from the starting moment of the flow, in other words from the beginning of the waste batch, until the flow stops.
  • the so-called after-air subsequent to the waste batch accelerates the flow rate even more in proportion when the flow resistance is smaller.
  • the flow resistance is in direct proportion to the noise level.
  • the amount of after-air passing through the first discharge valve is optimized, particularly minimized, in which case the flow rates decrease, which lowers the noise level significantly.
  • the function of the flush or discharge sequence is pneumatically controlled with a control means by using vacuum prevailing in the vacuum sewer system.
  • the closing of the second discharge valve is preferably controlled in a way that with the control means, the connection of the vacuum to an auxiliary valve for opening thereof it is activated, so that a flow connection is formed between the waste batch passing location after the first discharge valve and the second discharge valve, in which case the auxiliary valve is closed after a predetermined time since the waste batch flow through the first discharge valve has stopped.
  • the control means advantageously activates also the connection of the vacuum to the first discharge valve for opening of the same, in which case the closing takes place after a predetermined time since the waste batch flow through the first discharge valve has stopped.
  • control means advantageously activates the connection of the vacuum to the rinse water valve for opening of the same, in which case the rinse water valve is closed after a predetermined time subsequent to the closing of the first discharge valve.
  • control means can advantageously activate the connection of the vacuum to the said aeration valve for opening the same after a predetermined time subsequent to the opening of the first discharge valve for passing transport air into the sewer pipe, in which case the aeration valve is closed after a predetermined time subsequent to the opening of the second discharge valve.
  • the predetermined times related to the above-mentioned valves are advantageously controlled with the help of flow restrictors in connection with the control means and said valves.
  • the flow restrictors are advantageously nozzles, whereby by changing their dimensions, the desired time effect can be obtained.
  • an adjustable valve arrangement can be used.
  • the present invention further relates to a vacuum sewer system, the main features of which are given in claim 11. Preferred embodiments of the vacuum sewer system are given in claims 12 to 18.
  • a control system is connected to the toilet unit 1 which automatically controls the length of the toilet unit 1 flush cycle according to the amount of waste transported from the toilet bowl 11 to the sewer pipe 2.
  • the control system includes a control means 5, from which there is a flow connection, by means of tube means, to the second section of the sewer pipe 22, which is under a constant vacuum maintained in the vacuum sewer system.
  • the flow connection is arranged at a location 6 situated after the second discharge valve 4, i.e. on the waste receiving side of the second discharge valve 4.
  • a flow connection by means of a tube means is arranged from the control means 5 to the first discharge valve 3 and to a rinse water valve 10 of the toilet unit.
  • a pneumatic activator means 12 is connected to the control means 5 by means of the tube means forming the flow connection.
  • a second tube portion means 72 leading to valve 7, which branches off a third tube means 53 leading from the control means 5 to the auxiliary valve 8 is provided with a second flow restrictor 32.
  • a third flow restrictor 33 In the rinse water valve 10 there is arranged a third flow restrictor 33 and in the control means 5 there is arranged a fourth flow restrictor 34.
  • the above-mentioned flow restrictors 31, 32, 33 and 34 are preferably nozzles in which case, by changing the dimensions of the nozzles, the desired effect can be provided.
  • the adjustable valve arrangement can be used.
  • the vacuum sewer system according to the example has the following operation principle.
  • the first discharge valve 3 When the toilet unit 1 is in state of rest the first discharge valve 3 is closed.
  • the aeration valve 7 and the auxiliary valve 8 connected to the first section 21 of the sewer pipe 2 are also closed.
  • the auxiliary valve 8 is a diaphragm valve, which in a closed-position shuts off the connection between the second tube means 52 and an eight tube means 58 and which correspondingly opens said connection when it is in an open-position.
  • the second discharge valve 4 is open because it is connected to the sewer pipe 2 (more exactly to the second section 22 of the sewer pipe 2, which is under the vacuum maintained in the vacuum system) through a connection formed by the first tube portion means 71 and the second tube means 52.
  • the intention is to flush the waste down to the sewer pipe 2 and the flush sequence is activated by affecting the pneumatic activator means 12.
  • This can preferably be for example a flush button in connection with a bellows system, which by pressing the flush button provides an air pulse through a fourth tube means 54 to the direction of the control means 5.
  • the air pulse created by the pneumatic activator means 12 is arranged to affect the control means 5 in such a way that the vacuum is connected from the sewer pipe 2 via the first tube means 51 to the first discharge valve 3 through a fifth tube means 55 connected thereto, in which case the first discharge valve opens up.
  • the vacuum is connected to the auxiliary valve 8 through the third tube means 53, to the rinse water valve 10 through a sixth tube means 56 and to the aeration valve 7 through the third tube means 53 and the second tube portion means 72, in which case the said three valves open up as well.
  • the aeration valve 7 is arranged to open with a predetermined delay under the influence of the second flow restrictor 32.
  • the ambient air pressure prevailing in the toilet bowl 11 pushes the waste in the bowl and rinse water into the sewer pipe 2 maintained under vacuum through the discharge valve 3.
  • the waste displaces or moves along intermittently and in the form of so-called waste batches or discrete waste slugs, which fill up the diameter of the sewer pipe completely. This also means that the waste slugs are followed by a pressure front higher than said underpressure.
  • a flow connection is arranged to the auxiliary valve 8 by means of the eight tube means 58.
  • the pressure front in question causes a sudden increase in pressure which moves under the influence of the said vacuum control of the eight tube means 58 through the auxiliary valve 8 in its open-position and further via the second tube means 52 to the second discharge valve 4 and closes it. Therefore, the flow through the first discharge valve 3 stops.
  • the ambient air pressure is connected to the tube means 53, 72, 55 and 56 and it has an effect on the first discharge valve 3, the auxiliary valve 8, the aeration valve 7 and the rinse water valve 10, in which case the first discharge valve 3 and the auxiliary valve 8 close up almost immediately.
  • the aeration valve 7 and the rinse water valve 10 on the other hand stay open for a while because of the second flow restrictor 32 and the third flow restrictor 33 arranged therewith.
  • By extending the opening time of the rinse water valve 10 there is a water mirror provided in the toilet bowl 11 for the next flush cycle.
  • the auxiliary valve 8 has closed up, in other words it is in its closed-position, there is air discharging (to the direction of the vacuum affecting the second section of the sewer pipe 22) through the first flow restrictor 31 (via the connection created by the second tube means 52, the first tube portion means 71 and the first tube means 51), in which case the second discharge valve 4 opens up again under the vacuum directed thereto.
  • the aeration valve 7 is still open (under the influence of the second flow restrictor 32), in which case there is transport air further helping the transportation of the waste slug flowing into the first section of the sewer pipe 21, whereby the waste is forced into the second section of the sewer pipe 22 and further into the waste receiving space.
  • the aeration valve 7 closes up after which the flush or discharge cycöe has been completed and the section of the vacuum sewer system in question has returned to the above-mentioned state of rest for a new flush or discharge period.
  • the first, second, third and fourth flow restrictors 31, 32, 33 and 34 are preferably nozzles so that with the dimensions of the nozzles, the control of the vacuum sewer system can be affected as desired.
  • the opening time of the discharge valve 3 is adjusted with the fourth nozzle 34 of the control means 5. This control also affects the opening time of the rinse water valve 10, the auxiliary valve 8 and the aeration valve 7. A smaller nozzle extends the vacuum duration of action, in other words the opening time of said valves.
  • the feeding time and amount of the auxiliary transport air is controlled with the second nozzle 32, in which case a smaller nozzle adds to the feeding quantity of the transport air by keeping the aeration valve 7 open for a longer time.
  • the first nozzle 31 on the other hand has the following effect on the operation of the second discharge valve 4.
  • a smaller nozzle speeds up the closing up of the valve and therefore it is possible to influence the amount of air driven with the waste slug through the toilet bowl 11 of the toilet unit 1.
  • the amount of air conveyed to the sewer pipe 2 varies according to the quantity of the waste slug.
  • said air amount per flush cycle is always constant.
  • the level of the water mirror is adjusted in the toilet bowl 11 by means of the third nozzle 33 of the rinse water valve 10.
  • the total water amount is determined by interaction of the third 33 and the fourth nozzle 34 in which case smaller nozzle dimensions increase the amount of the fed rinsing water by prolonging the opening time of the valve.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
  • Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Verfahren zum Transportieren von Unratmaterial in einem Vakuum-Abwassersystem, umfassend eine Unrat-Quelle (1, 11), zum Beispiel eine Toiletteneinheit, eine Duscheinheit oder eine Spüle, und eine Abwasserleitung (2, 21, 22), ein erstes Auslassventil (3) zwischen der Unrat-Quelle (1) und der Abwasserleitung (2), ein zweites Auslassventil (4) in der Abwasserleitung (2), einen Unrat-Aufnahmeraum und eine Vorrichtung (100) zum Erzeugen eines Vakuums in der Abwasserleitung,
    in welchem Verfahren Unrat in der Form von Unrat-Posten transportiert wird, wobei in einer ersten Phase der Unrat-Posten von der Unrat-Quelle (1) durch ein erstes Auslassventil (3) in die Abwasserleitung (2, 21, 22) mittels eines Vakuums transportiert wird, und
    in einer zweiten Phase der Unrat weiter in die Abwasserleitung (2, 21, 22) in die Richtung zum Aufnahmeraum transportiert wird,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der ersten Phase der Druck, der hinter dem Unrat-Posten höher als das Vakuum ist, von einer vorbestimmten Stelle (9) hinter dem ersten Auslassventil (3) an das zweite Auslassventil (4) geleitet wird, um selbiges zu schließen, so dass die Strömung durch das erste Auslassventil unterbrochen wird, und
    dass in der zweiten Phase eine Vakuumverbindung an das zweite Auslassventil (4) zum Öffnen desselbigen generiert wird, um den Unrat weiter in der Abwasserleitung (2, 21, 22) mittels des vorherrschenden Vakuums zu transportieren.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Vakuumverbindung durch eine Steuervorrichtung (5, 12) an ein Anlassventil (8) zum Öffnen desselbigen generiert wird, so dass eine Strömungsverbindung zwischen der Stelle (9) hinter dem ersten Auslassventil (3) und dem zweiten Auslassventil (4) gebildet wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Anlassventil (8) nach einer vorbestimmten Zeit ab Unterbrechung der Strömung des Unrat-Postens durch das erste Auslassventil (3) geschlossen wird.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch die Steuerungsvorrichtung (5, 12) eine Vakuumverbindung an das erste Auslassventil (3) zum Öffnen desselbigen generiert wird.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Auslassventil (3) nach einer vorbestimmten Zeit ab Unterbrechung der Strömung des Unrat-Postens durch das erste Auslassventil geschlossen wird.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch eine Steuervorrichtung (5, 12) eine Vakuumverbindung an ein Spülwasserventil (10) zum Öffnen desselbigen generiert wird, um Spülwasser an die Unrat-Quelle (1, 11) zu führen.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Spülwasserventil (10) nach einer vorbestimmten Zeit ab dem Schließen des ersten Auslassventils (3) geschlossen wird.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Zuführen von Transportluft in die Abwasserleitung (21) eine Vakuumverbindung nach einer vorbestimmten Zeit ab Öffnen des ersten Auslassventils (3) an ein an die Abwasserleitung (21) führendes Lüftungsventil (7) zum Öffnen desselbigen aktiviert wird.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, das das Lüftungsventil (7) nach einer vorbestimmten Zeit ab Öffnen des zweiten Auslassventils (4) geschlossen wird.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die sich auf das Öffnen und Schließen des ersten Auslassventiles (3), des zweiten Auslassventiles (4), des Lüftungsventiles (7) und des Spülwasserventiles (10) bezogenen vorbestimmten Zeiten mittels Strömungswiderständen (31, 32, 33, 34) gesteuert werden.
  11. Vakuum-Abwassersystem, umfassend eine Unrat-Quelle (1, 11), zum Beispiel eine Toiletteneinheit, eine Duscheinheit oder eine Spüle, und eine Abwasserleitung (2, 21, 22), ein erstes Auslassventil (3) zwischen der Unrat-Quelle (1) und der Abwasserleitung (1, 21), ein zweites Auslassventil (4) in der Abwasserleitung (2), einen Unrat-Aufnahmeraum und eine Vorrichtung (100) zum Erzeugen eines Vakuums in der Abwasserleitung,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer ersten Sektion (21) der Abwasserleitung (2) an einer vorbestimmten Stelle (9) hinter dem ersten Auslassventil (3) eine Strömungsverbindung (58, 8, 52) an das zweite Auslassventil (4) angeordnet ist.
  12. Vakuum-Abwassersystem nach Anspruch 11,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strömungsverbindung eine achte Rohrleitung (58) zwischen der Stelle (9) und einem Anlassventil (8), wie auch eine zweite Rohrleitung (52) zwischen dem Anlassventil (8) und dem zweiten Auslassventil (4) umfasst, und dass das Anlassventil (8) durch eine dritte Rohrleitung (53) mit einer Steuervorrichtung (5, 12) in Fluidkommunikation steht, die durch eine erste Rohrleitung (51) mit einer zweiten Sektion (22) der Abwasserleitung (2) hinter dem zweiten Auslassventil (4) in Fluidkommunikation steht.
  13. Vakuum-Abwassersystem nach Anspruch 12,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Auslassventil (3) mit der Steuervorrichtung (5, 12) durch eine fünfte Rohrleitung (55) in Fluidkommunikation steht.
  14. Vakuum-Abwassersystem nach Anspruch 12 oder 13,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Vakuum-Abwassersystem ein Spülwasserventil (10) aufweist, das mit der Steuervorrichtung (5, 12) durch eine sechste Rohrleitung (56) in Fluidkommunikation steht, und dass das Spülwasserventil (10) mit der Toilettenschüssel (11) der Toiletteneinheit (1) über eine siebte Rohrleitung (57) in Fluidkommunikation steht.
  15. Vakuum-Abwassersystem nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Vakuum-Abwassersystem ein Lüftungsventil (7) aufweist, das mit der Steuervorrichtung (5, 12) durch eine dritte Rohrleitung (53) und einen zweiten Rohrleitungsabschnitt (72) in Fluidkommunikation steht, und dass das Lüftungsventil (7) mit der ersten Sektion (21) der Abwasserleitung (2) in Fluidkommunikation steht.
  16. Vakuum-Abwassersystem nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 15,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Rohrleitung (51) und die zweite Rohrleitung (52) miteinander durch einen ersten Rohrleitungsabschnitt (71) verbunden sind, der mit einem ersten Strömungswiderstand (31) versehen ist, dass ein vierter Strömungswiderstand (34) an der Steuervorrichtung (5) angebracht ist, dass ein zweiter Strömungswiderstand (32) an dem Lüftungsventil (7) angebracht ist, und dass ein dritter Strömungswiderstand (33) an dem Spülwasser-Ventil (10) angebracht ist.
  17. Vakuum-Abwassersystem nach Anspruch 16,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strömungswiderstände Düsen oder einstellbare Ventile sind.
  18. Vakuum-Abwassersystem nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 17,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine pneumatische Betätigungsvorrichtung (12) vorgesehen ist, die durch eine vierte Rohrleitung (54) an der Steuervorrichtung (5) angeschlossen ist.
EP02780838A 2001-06-21 2002-05-30 Unterdruck-abwassersystem Expired - Lifetime EP1397566B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20011331A FI110536B (fi) 2001-06-21 2001-06-21 Menetelmä jäteaineen kuljettamiseksi alipaineviemärijärjestelmässä
FI20011331 2001-06-21
PCT/FI2002/000462 WO2003000999A1 (en) 2001-06-21 2002-05-30 Vacuum sewer system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1397566A1 EP1397566A1 (de) 2004-03-17
EP1397566B1 true EP1397566B1 (de) 2004-10-06

Family

ID=8561471

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02780838A Expired - Lifetime EP1397566B1 (de) 2001-06-21 2002-05-30 Unterdruck-abwassersystem

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20040237183A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1397566B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2004530819A (de)
KR (1) KR20040020931A (de)
CN (1) CN1518625A (de)
AT (1) ATE278847T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60201536T2 (de)
FI (1) FI110536B (de)
WO (1) WO2003000999A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (15)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI117298B (fi) * 2005-01-25 2006-08-31 Evac Int Oy Alipaineviemärijärjestelmä
FI118231B (fi) * 2006-01-30 2007-08-31 Evac Int Oy Alipaineviemärijärjestelmä
FI118232B (fi) * 2006-03-31 2007-08-31 Evac Int Oy Alipaineviemärijärjestelmä
CN100386126C (zh) * 2006-11-28 2008-05-07 湖北开元化工科技股份有限公司 排污器
FI125301B (fi) * 2006-12-21 2015-08-31 Evac Oy Alipaineviemärijärjestelmä ja menetelmä alipaineviemärin käyttämiseksi
CN100491659C (zh) * 2007-05-17 2009-05-27 董晓青 键控气压式冲水装置
JP5865611B2 (ja) * 2011-06-24 2016-02-17 東日本旅客鉄道株式会社 排水装置及び排水システム
DE202013008298U1 (de) * 2013-09-20 2014-12-22 Evac Gmbh Vakuumtoilette mit wechselseitiger Quetschventilschließung
KR101514930B1 (ko) * 2014-11-10 2015-04-24 주식회사 호두 안전성이 강화된 진공변기시스템용 자동배출장치
FI127077B (en) 2016-04-19 2017-10-31 Evac Oy A method for checking a vacuum waste system and a vacuum waste system
KR101672515B1 (ko) * 2016-05-24 2016-11-17 주식회사 호두 오수 배출용 진공 흡입 장치
CN109562419A (zh) * 2016-08-18 2019-04-02 埃瓦克有限公司 用于处理医疗废物容器中收集的医疗废物的方法和装置、用在该装置中的导管袋和医疗废物管理系统
US10683652B1 (en) * 2017-01-25 2020-06-16 Mag Aerospace Industries, Llc Multiple rinse injections to reduce sound in vacuum toilets
KR102005320B1 (ko) * 2018-02-28 2019-07-30 화인정밀 주식회사 세척배출 밸브용 배출속도 조절장치
DE102018006919A1 (de) * 2018-08-31 2020-03-05 ACO Severin Ahlmann GmbH & Co Kommanditgesellschaft Vakuum-Abwasservorrichtung, Verfahren und elektronische Steuereinheit zur Steuerung einer Vakuum-Abwasservorrichtung

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FI77082C (fi) * 1987-04-06 1989-01-10 Waertsilae Oy Ab Vakuumavloppsanordning.
DK0436357T5 (da) * 1990-01-02 1995-11-06 Metra Oy Ab Vacuumafløbsarrangement
SE501960C2 (sv) * 1990-04-20 1995-06-26 Waertsilae Oy Ab Vakuumtoalettsystem med vakuumgenerator med väsentligen konstant drifttid
SE469832B (sv) * 1992-02-05 1993-09-27 Evac Ab Vakuumtoalettsystem med luktfilter
US5873135A (en) * 1994-12-16 1999-02-23 Evac Ab Air pressure driven vacuum sewer system
DK0763633T3 (da) * 1995-09-13 2000-03-20 Evac Ab Membranstyret vakuumkloaksystem
FI105120B (fi) * 1998-12-23 2000-06-15 Evac Int Oy Jätteen kuljetusjärjestelmä
US6305403B1 (en) * 1999-09-16 2001-10-23 Evac International Oy Aeration apparatus for a vertical riser in a vacuum drainage system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20040237183A1 (en) 2004-12-02
JP2004530819A (ja) 2004-10-07
FI110536B (fi) 2003-02-14
DE60201536D1 (de) 2004-11-11
FI20011331A (fi) 2002-12-22
EP1397566A1 (de) 2004-03-17
DE60201536T2 (de) 2005-01-27
CN1518625A (zh) 2004-08-04
KR20040020931A (ko) 2004-03-09
FI20011331A0 (fi) 2001-06-21
ATE278847T1 (de) 2004-10-15
WO2003000999A1 (en) 2003-01-03

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