EP1393326A1 - Procede de decontamination ou de prevention de la contamination de surfaces par un mecanisme d'echange. - Google Patents
Procede de decontamination ou de prevention de la contamination de surfaces par un mecanisme d'echange.Info
- Publication number
- EP1393326A1 EP1393326A1 EP02740826A EP02740826A EP1393326A1 EP 1393326 A1 EP1393326 A1 EP 1393326A1 EP 02740826 A EP02740826 A EP 02740826A EP 02740826 A EP02740826 A EP 02740826A EP 1393326 A1 EP1393326 A1 EP 1393326A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contaminants
- chemical species
- ions
- groups
- aqueous solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001417 caesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 cesium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
- G21F9/002—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes
- G21F9/004—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes of metallic surfaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for decontaminating contaminated surfaces, in particular metal surfaces. It applies to the decontamination, maintenance and dismantling of installations in the nuclear industry.
- processes using chemical extraction are known, processes based on the installation of surface coatings, laser decontamination processes, physical and mechanical processes, thermal processes, suction processes and washing.
- chemical extraction methods use erosion of the surface layers of the surface to be decontaminated to remove contamination from this surface. This can be obtained by acid erosion, dissolution in an acid medium or hydrogen peroxide, treatment with mixtures of alkaline salts, caustic treatments with using detergents, complexing with organic complexing agents, oxidation, redox and electro-polishing.
- the objective is to achieve erosion of the surface layers of the surface to be decontaminated, for example oxide layers in the case of metals, which are the site of contamination.
- the present invention specifically relates to a method for decontaminating a contaminated surface, which makes it possible to achieve the abovementioned objectives by using the complexing properties of this surface.
- the method for decontaminating a surface, in particular a metal surface, contaminated by contaminants Z x is characterized in that the surface is brought into contact with an aqueous solution containing chemical species Z 2 likely to displace contaminants Z ⁇ by a exchange mechanism at the binding sites on the surface of the Z x contaminants so that the Z contaminants are replaced by the chemical species Z 2 at these binding sites, and the aqueous solution containing the Z x contaminants thus displaced is separated , from the decontaminated surface.
- a mechanism is used to move the chemisorption equilibria of the contaminants Z x in the desired direction, that is to say of the release of said contaminants in the aqueous solution. This is facilitated by the fact that one can use the physicochemical properties of. the surface to be decontaminated, in particular its complexing behavior with respect to the contaminants Z x and the chemical species Z 2 .
- None of the methods of the prior art uses such properties to displace contaminants in an aqueous solution, without at the same time resorting to abrasion or degradation of the surface to be decontaminated.
- the binding sites of the contaminants Z on the contaminated surface consist of functional groups F present on this surface.
- the physicochemical properties of a surface can be used to prevent contamination of this surface.
- the subject of the invention is also a method of treating a surface in order to prevent the fixing on this surface of contaminants Z X / characterized in that the surface is brought into contact with an aqueous solution containing chemical species Z 2 capable of occupying the sites for fixing the contaminants Z x on this surface and which cannot then be displaced from these sites by the contaminants
- chemical species Z 2 are used capable of reacting with these functional groups F, the chemical species Z 2 being such that the equilibrium constant K 2 of the reaction of these species with groups F is greater than the equilibrium constant Ki of the reaction of contaminants Z x with groups F.
- the chemical species Z 2 capable of reacting chemically with the functional groups F are first chosen, then the constant is determined. of equilibrium K of the reaction of contaminants Z with the groups F and the equilibrium constants 2 of the chemical species Z 2 with the groups F, in order to retain the chemical species Z 2 for which K 2 is greater than K.
- an aqueous solution containing these species is prepared at a concentration which can go as far as saturation in species Z 2 of this solution.
- the solution is then applied to the surface to be treated by any known means such as soaking, spraying with or without pressure, and circulation on the surface to be treated.
- the aqueous solution which has resulted in the desorbed contaminants Z is then separated from the decontaminated surface.
- the decontaminated surface is then rinsed with water and dried.
- the rinsing can be carried out with pure water and the drying can be carried out for example with compressed air.
- the process of the invention can be used to decontaminate any material with complexing and / or adsorption properties, for example metals, metal alloys, plastics, polymers and even certain glasses.
- the cesium binding sites are functional groups F constituted by CrO groups, and sodium ion Z 2 can be used as chemical species because the equilibrium constants K x and K 2 of the following reactions: Cr-OH + Cs + ⁇ ⁇ Cr-O-Cs + H + (K x )
- the aqueous solution used for this decontamination is an aqueous solution of sodium ions. and / or potassium having a total concentration of Na + and / or K + ions of 10 "8 to 3 g / 1 approximately
- the chemical species Z 2 which can be used are chosen in the same way, then a preparation is prepared. aqueous solution containing these chemical species Z 2 and this solution is brought into contact with the surface to be treated in order to saturate the possible sites for fixing the contaminants Z x with the chemical species Z x .
- an aqueous sodium and / or potassium solution having a sodium and / or potassium concentration of 10 8 to 8 can also be used. 3 g / 1 to prevent the fixation of cesium or cobalt.
- the process of the invention has many advantages. It is easy to implement and effective. It uses non-aggressive aqueous solutions with respect to the treated surfaces and has a selectivity with respect to the contaminants to be removed. Furthermore, it allows the surface properties of the treated material to be preserved; and it leads to effluents which are easy to manage because they can be evaporated and introduced for example into the vitrification circuit of installations for the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuels. In addition, it can be implemented in existing decontamination facilities.
- FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating the evolution of the decontamination factor of a metal surface contaminated with cesium ions, as a function of the sodium content of the aqueous solution used for this decontamination.
- the cesium concentration of the aqueous solution is determined after soaking to calculate the decontamination factor FD which corresponds to the ratio between the amounts of contaminant removed by the test solution and those removed by pure water.
- the results obtained are shown in the appended FIG. 1 which illustrates the evolution of FD as a function of the sodium concentration (in mol.L "1 ).
- the starting point of the curve refers to demineralized water.
- the efficiency of cesium decontamination of the stainless steel surface is multiplied by a factor greater than 60.
- the process of the invention makes it possible to obtain the removal of volatile cesium-type contamination. No change in the surface properties of the material is observed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0106985 | 2001-05-29 | ||
FR0106985A FR2825507B1 (fr) | 2001-05-29 | 2001-05-29 | Procede de decontamination ou de prevention de la contamination de surfaces par un mecanisme d'echange |
PCT/FR2002/001781 WO2002097824A1 (fr) | 2001-05-29 | 2002-05-28 | Procede de decontamination ou de prevention de la contamination de surfaces par un mecanisme d'echange. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1393326A1 true EP1393326A1 (fr) | 2004-03-03 |
Family
ID=8863719
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02740826A Withdrawn EP1393326A1 (fr) | 2001-05-29 | 2002-05-28 | Procede de decontamination ou de prevention de la contamination de surfaces par un mecanisme d'echange. |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040149319A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1393326A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2004533613A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1513186A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2825507B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2003137560A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2002097824A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6068788B2 (ja) * | 2011-10-04 | 2017-01-25 | 野崎 淳夫 | 汚染物質清掃装置及びこれを用いた汚染物質清掃制御システム |
JP6220114B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-30 | 2017-10-25 | 荏原工業洗浄株式会社 | 放射性セシウム固体状被汚染物の除染方法及び装置 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3925019A (en) * | 1973-08-06 | 1975-12-09 | Dow Chemical Co | Chromatographic analysis of ionic species |
AU550730B2 (en) * | 1982-03-09 | 1986-04-10 | Commonwealth Of Australia, The | Automated metal detection |
IL83449A (en) * | 1987-08-06 | 1991-03-10 | Schmuckler Gabriella | Method for the interseparation of noble metals |
JPS6491096A (en) * | 1987-10-01 | 1989-04-10 | Jgc Corp | Elution of radioactive nuclide from used ion exchange resin |
DE4019052A1 (de) * | 1990-06-15 | 1991-12-19 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur entfernung von schwermetallionen aus waessriger loesung |
EP0475779A1 (fr) * | 1990-09-14 | 1992-03-18 | Vittal Mallya Scientific Research Foundation | Procédé pour la séparation de protéines, polypetides ou métaux par utilisation de phosvitine immobilisée, éventuellement modifiée |
GB9918437D0 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 1999-10-06 | Anglo American Platinum Corp | Separation of platinium group metals |
GB0026809D0 (en) * | 2000-11-02 | 2000-12-20 | Anglo American Platinum Corp | Separation of metals |
FR2825103B1 (fr) * | 2001-05-28 | 2003-09-19 | Genoway | Vecteurs de clonage pour recombinaison homologue et procede les utilisant |
-
2001
- 2001-05-29 FR FR0106985A patent/FR2825507B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-05-28 WO PCT/FR2002/001781 patent/WO2002097824A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-05-28 EP EP02740826A patent/EP1393326A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-05-28 CN CNA028108000A patent/CN1513186A/zh active Pending
- 2002-05-28 RU RU2003137560/06A patent/RU2003137560A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-05-28 US US10/478,763 patent/US20040149319A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-05-28 JP JP2003500921A patent/JP2004533613A/ja not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO02097824A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2825507B1 (fr) | 2003-12-26 |
JP2004533613A (ja) | 2004-11-04 |
RU2003137560A (ru) | 2005-05-27 |
FR2825507A1 (fr) | 2002-12-06 |
US20040149319A1 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
WO2002097824A1 (fr) | 2002-12-05 |
CN1513186A (zh) | 2004-07-14 |
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Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO SI |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: LARGERON, CHRISTOPHE Inventor name: RIVOALLAN, ANNIE Inventor name: ROUPPERT, FRANCK |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20050509 |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20050920 |