EP1392994A1 - Fast opening and closing access door for pipes and containers - Google Patents

Fast opening and closing access door for pipes and containers

Info

Publication number
EP1392994A1
EP1392994A1 EP01940665A EP01940665A EP1392994A1 EP 1392994 A1 EP1392994 A1 EP 1392994A1 EP 01940665 A EP01940665 A EP 01940665A EP 01940665 A EP01940665 A EP 01940665A EP 1392994 A1 EP1392994 A1 EP 1392994A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
access door
plug
flange
axis
door according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01940665A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Patrice Bonnelye
Jean-Paul Cottard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Genoyer SA
Original Assignee
Genoyer SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Genoyer SA filed Critical Genoyer SA
Publication of EP1392994A1 publication Critical patent/EP1392994A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L45/00—Pipe units with cleaning aperture and closure therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J13/00—Covers or similar closure members for pressure vessels in general
    • F16J13/02—Detachable closure members; Means for tightening closures
    • F16J13/08—Detachable closure members; Means for tightening closures attached by one or more members actuated to project behind a part or parts of the frame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J13/00—Covers or similar closure members for pressure vessels in general
    • F16J13/02—Detachable closure members; Means for tightening closures
    • F16J13/10—Detachable closure members; Means for tightening closures attached by means of a divided ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J13/00—Covers or similar closure members for pressure vessels in general
    • F16J13/16—Pivoted closures
    • F16J13/18—Pivoted closures pivoted directly on the frame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
    • F16L55/115—Caps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L57/00—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear
    • F16L57/005—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear specially adapted for the ends of pipes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an access door with quick opening and closing for pipes and containers.
  • Doors must therefore be installed in order to introduce various measuring and cleaning devices into the network.
  • the closing and opening of these doors which must be very rapid, entail significant constraints resulting from the design of this equipment.
  • Figures 4 and 6 are partial cross sections of existing doors, respectively according to arrows F1 and F2 in Figures 1 and 2).
  • the flange (1) equipping the door must be of large section to resist the component generated by the blocking segment (7 ') generally placed in an inclined manner. This feature requires an extra thickness of material to resist flaring.
  • the outer face of the plug is offset from the outer face of the flange, which can therefore cause accumulations of sand detrimental to handling.
  • the half-collars (20 ') which come to cap the plug (2) and the flange (1) use oblique edges which create seizure situations.
  • the significant clamping effort of the two half-collars requires mechanical assistance and the blocking efforts of the half-collars on the plug and the flange very strongly depend on the state of lubrication of the surfaces in contact, thereby causing a lack of reliability in door security.
  • the blocking module is tightened and loosened by means of bolts. These operations must therefore be carried out using a wrench, especially when the bolts are jammed or of large size.
  • the device according to the present invention eliminates all these drawbacks. It allows access doors to be opened and closed very quickly, which can be handled by a single person without special tools, the reduction in forces ensuring moreover reduced wear on the tightening bolts. In addition, the manufacture of these doors is simple, requires no welding and reduces the amount of raw material used.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show, seen from the front, two variants of closed pipe access doors, respectively with locking segment and with half-collars, FIGS.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 are enlarged views of the safety devices for venting the air.
  • FIG. 12 is an axial section of the vent screw for venting.
  • FIGS. 1 to 10 consists of a flange 1 and a plug 2 with a full external face secured by a set of hinges 3 with supports screwed directly and simply onto the core of the flange, with a seal. autoclave
  • the flange 1 is welded to the pipe or to the container at a chamfer.
  • the plug 2 fits into the flange by pivoting on the hinge 3. Its extraction from the flange is effected, thanks to the hinge 3, by means of the opening arm 6 (FIG. 1), preferably removable or d 'a handle 22 ( Figure 2).
  • the sealing of the closure is obtained by means of the autoclave seal 4 disposed in a circular joint plane inclined relative to the axis of the system.
  • the sealing surface of the plug 2 is equipped with a groove which is itself inclined for to receive the seal, which allows it to be in the sitting position as soon as the door is closed.
  • This joint has a U shape. It has two lips, an outer lip 10 and an inner lip. There is a narrowing behind the outer lip 10 (flange side) ensuring the flexibility of the seal. This characteristic linked to the inclination of the seal makes it possible to close the plug 2 effortlessly and without a reducing agent.
  • a spring 11 is placed in the rear position, opposite the lips, in order to avoid the extrusion of the seal caused by the internal pressure (FIG. 7).
  • the access door is equipped with one or two security systems 8 each integrating a vent screw 9 screwed into the plug 2 and having to be removed to allow unlocking.
  • the end of the vent screw which screws into the cap is pierced with a central hole extended by a radial bore. When you unscrew the screw, the interior medium will find itself in communication with the exterior.
  • the locking when the access door is closed is effected by means of a flexible blocking segment 5 of rectangular section, machined in the closed position in a forged crown.
  • the flexible segment 5 is housed in two circular grooves facing each other and disposed respectively on the internal cylindrical face of the flange
  • the outside diameter of the segment 5 is in contact with the bottom of the groove of the flange 1 and prevents the extrusion of the plug 2 from the flange.
  • the segment In the open position, the segment is compressed by an operating plate 7, its outside diameter decreases by displacement in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the door, which allows it to exit the groove of the flange. The door can thus be opened.
  • the operating plate 7 is located on the outer face of the plug 2. It is connected to the segment 5 by means of two rods 14 whose displacement is caused by the rotation of the operating plate (arrow F3) by means of two grooves eccentrics 15 located on the rear face of the operating plate. The rotation of the operating plate therefore makes it possible to bring the ends of segment 5 closer or further apart and to vary the diameter thereof.
  • the eccentric grooves 15 are extended by a non-tangent rectilinear zone thus making it possible to block at the end of travel (open position) the rods 14 of the operating plate and to prevent the unwanted return of the operating plate induced by the elasticity of the segment ( Figure 9).
  • Each door is fitted with a security system 8 which links the operating plate 7, the flange 1 and the plug 2.
  • This system is composed of a vent screw 9 to which two safety fingers 16 are connected.
  • vent screw 9 In the closed position, vent screw screwed to its maximum, the safety rods seal the operating plate 7, the plug and the segment in the closed position.
  • the opening of the door (and the rotation of the maneuvering plate) is only made possible after completely unscrewing the vent screw 9 and extracting the safety fingers (Figure 10).
  • the locking when the access door is closed is effected by means of two half-collars 20, 21 with internal edges 23, 24 parallel covering the flange 1 and the plug 2 and ensuring this way locking the door.
  • the displacement of the two half-collars is carried out perpendicularly to the axis of the pipe by means of two maneuvering screws 25 with thumbwheel 26 actuating two clamping modules 27 each composed of two dissociable and identical elements bolted to the half-collars 20, 21 and sliding on two slides 28 fixed to the flange by means of two screws, the heads of which serve as a stop for the two elements of each clamping module during the translation of the two half-collars.
  • the separable elements each consist of a nut support and a nut that floats into the nut support.
  • the latter is molded and screwed by means of two fixing screws on one of the ends of each half-collar.
  • the operating screws must be completely removed from the nut supports to allow disassembly of the latter.
  • the axes of the two fixing screws of the nut support define a plane parallel to the axis of the pipeline. It is included in the nut support a sliding zone which fits on the slide 28 and makes it possible to ensure the displacement of the two half-collars in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the pipe.
  • a left-right pitch of the maneuvering screw 25 ensures by the separation of the two elements of the clamping module 27 along the slide, the dissociation of the two half-collars.
  • the plug can then be removed from the inside of the flange by pivoting on the hinge pins.
  • Each door is provided with two security systems 8 consisting of a vent screw and a vent screw support.
  • Each half-collar 20, 21 has at its end a hole into which is introduced one of the two lugs of the support of the vent screw. Once installed, the vent screw support blocks the two half-collars in the closed position.
  • the vent support is fully molded.
  • the vent screw support is equipped with a bore intended to receive the vent screw. The vent screw is introduced through the vent support and is screwed into a hole in the plug. Thus, to separate the two half-collars, it is necessary to remove the vent screw then the support of the vent screw. Under no circumstances can the door be opened under pressure.
  • the vent screw is screwed into the cap.
  • the end which is screwed into the cap is pierced with a central hole extended by a radial bore.
  • the interior medium will find itself in communication with the exterior.
  • the vent screw is unscrewed, the pressure will escape through the hole and alert the manipulator of the existence of the pressure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a fast opening and closing access door for pipes and containers. Said door consists of a flange (1) and a plug (2) comprising a sealing autoclave joint (4) arranged in a circular joint plane inclined relative to the system axis, linking a joint surface of the plug including a groove itself inclined designed to receive said autoclave joint and a locking closure system (5) by displacement in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the access door such that the thrust resulting from the fluid pressure is exerted parallel to said axis. The invention generally concerns the field of pressurised containers such as filters, and all types of pipe systems, in particular extended pipe systems with high flow rate often called pipelines, whether for transporting liquids, gases or materials in powder form.

Description

PORTE D'ACCES A OUVERTURE ET FERMETURE RAPIDE POUR CANALISATIONS ET RÉCIPIENTS QUICK OPENING AND CLOSING ACCESS DOOR FOR PIPES AND CONTAINERS
La présente invention a pour objet une porte d'accès à ouverture et fermeture rapide pour canalisations et récipients.The present invention relates to an access door with quick opening and closing for pipes and containers.
Elle se rapporte d'une manière générale au domaine des récipients sous pression tels que filtres, et des réseaux de canalisations de tous types, en particulier des réseaux étendus de conduits à fort débit souvent désignés sous le nom de "pipelines", que ceux-ci servent au transport des liquides, des gaz ou des matières pulvérulentes.It generally relates to the field of pressure vessels such as filters, and networks of pipelines of all types, in particular extensive networks of high-flow conduits often referred to as "pipelines", such as those These are used for the transport of liquids, gases or powdery materials.
Pour assurer l'entretien des canalisations ou le remplacement des éléments filtrants, il est nécessaire de pouvoir accéder à l'intérieur des conduits et des récipients. Ainsi, des portes doivent être installées afin d'introduire dans le réseau divers appareillages de mesure et de nettoyage. La fermeture et l'ouverture de ces portes, qui doivent être très rapides, entraînent d'importantes contraintes résultant de la conception de ces équipements.To ensure the maintenance of the pipes or the replacement of the filter elements, it is necessary to be able to access the interior of the conduits and the receptacles. Doors must therefore be installed in order to introduce various measuring and cleaning devices into the network. The closing and opening of these doors, which must be very rapid, entail significant constraints resulting from the design of this equipment.
Pour ces applications, il existe essentiellement deux types de portes d'accès :For these applications, there are essentially two types of access doors:
- les portes à segment de blocage (cf figure 4) - les portes à demi-colliers de verrouillage (cf figure 6).- doors with locking segment (see figure 4) - doors with locking half-collars (see figure 6).
(Les figures 4 et 6 sont des coupes transversales partielles de portes existantes, respectivement selon les flèches F1 et F2 des figures 1 et 2).(Figures 4 and 6 are partial cross sections of existing doors, respectively according to arrows F1 and F2 in Figures 1 and 2).
Dans le premier cas, la bride (1) équipant la porte doit être de section importante pour résister à la composante générée par le segment de blocage (7') placé généralement de manière inclinée. Cette particularité impose une surépaisseur de matière pour résister à l'évasement.In the first case, the flange (1) equipping the door must be of large section to resist the component generated by the blocking segment (7 ') generally placed in an inclined manner. This feature requires an extra thickness of material to resist flaring.
Les portes d'accès connues nécessitent, pour presser le bouchon avant la fermeture, l'emploi d'un réducteur qui permet souvent de maintenir la porte en position fermée alors même qu'elle n'est pas verrouillée. En cas de mise sous pression de l'ensemble, le réducteur risque de céder.Known access doors require, to press the stopper before closing, the use of a reducer which often makes it possible to hold the door in the closed position even though it is not locked. If the assembly is pressurized, the gear unit may fail.
Dans certaines réalisations actuelles, la face extérieure du bouchon est décalée par rapport à la face extérieure de la bride, pouvant provoquer de ce fait des accumulations de sable nuisible aux manipulations.In some current embodiments, the outer face of the plug is offset from the outer face of the flange, which can therefore cause accumulations of sand detrimental to handling.
Dans le second cas, les demi-colliers (20') qui viennent coiffer le bouchon (2) et la bride (1) utilisent des bords obliques qui créent des situations de grippage. L'effort important de serrage des deux demi-colliers nécessite une assistance mécanique et les efforts de blocage des demi-colliers sur le bouchon et la bride dépendent très fortement de l'état de lubrification des surfaces en contact entraînant par là même un manque de fiabilité dans la sécurité de la porte.In the second case, the half-collars (20 ') which come to cap the plug (2) and the flange (1) use oblique edges which create seizure situations. The significant clamping effort of the two half-collars requires mechanical assistance and the blocking efforts of the half-collars on the plug and the flange very strongly depend on the state of lubrication of the surfaces in contact, thereby causing a lack of reliability in door security.
Le serrage et desserrage du module de blocage s'effectuent au moyen de boulons. Ces opérations doivent donc être effectuées à l'aide d'une clé surtout lorsque les boulons sont grippés ou de grande dimension.The blocking module is tightened and loosened by means of bolts. These operations must therefore be carried out using a wrench, especially when the bolts are jammed or of large size.
Les portes actuelles sont généralement de conception méca- no-soudée. Cette particularité entraîne d'importantes contraintes au niveau des opérations de fabrication.Current doors are generally of mechanically welded design. This peculiarity causes significant constraints in terms of manufacturing operations.
Le dispositif selon la présente invention supprime tous ces inconvénients. Il permet de réaliser des portes d'accès à ouverture et fermeture très rapide pouvant être manipulée par une seule personne sans outillage particulier, la diminution des efforts assurant de surcroît une usure réduite de la boulonnerie de serrage. En outre, la fabrication de ces portes est simple, ne nécessite aucune soudure et permet de réduire la quantité de matière première utilisée.The device according to the present invention eliminates all these drawbacks. It allows access doors to be opened and closed very quickly, which can be handled by a single person without special tools, the reduction in forces ensuring moreover reduced wear on the tightening bolts. In addition, the manufacture of these doors is simple, requires no welding and reduces the amount of raw material used.
Ce type de porte fait appel d'une part à un joint autoclave d'étanchéité disposé dans un plan de joint circulaire incliné par rapport à l'axe du système, associant une surface de joint du bouchon comportant une rainure elle-même inclinée destinée à accueillir ledit joint autoclave et, d'autre part, un système de verrouillage de fermeture à déplacement dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de la porte d'accès de manière à ce que la poussée due à la pression du fluide s'exerce parallèlement à cet axe. Sur les dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs de formes de réalisation conforme à la présente demande : les figures 1 et 2 représentent, vues de face, deux variantes de portes d'accès de canalisation fermées, respectivement à segment de verrouillage et à demi-colliers, les figures 3 et 4 sont des coupes partielles agrandies, selon les flèches F1 de la figure 1 , respectivement d'une porte d'accès selon l'invention et d'une porte d'accès de type connu, les figures 5 et 6 montrent dans les mêmes conditions des coupes partielles agrandies, selon les flèches F2 de la figure 2, la figure 7 est un agrandissement du détail D1 des figures 3 et 5, la figure 8 représente en perspective axonométrique une porte d'accès à segment de blocage entrouverte, la figure 9 montre en perspective, à grande échelle, le mécanisme de manoeuvre du segment de verrouillage les figures 10 et 11 sont des vue agrandies des dispositifs de sécurité pour la mise à l'air libre de la conduite ou du récipient montés respectivement sur une porte à segment de verrouillage et une porte à demi-colliers et la figure 12 est une coupe axiale de la vis évent de mise à l'air libre.This type of door uses on the one hand an autoclave sealing gasket placed in a circular gasket plane inclined with respect to the axis of the system, associating a surface of the gasket of the plug comprising a groove itself inclined intended for accommodating said autoclave seal and, on the other hand, a locking closure system with displacement in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the access door so that the thrust due to the pressure of the fluid is exerted in parallel to this axis. In the accompanying drawings, given by way of nonlimiting examples of embodiments in accordance with the present application: FIGS. 1 and 2 show, seen from the front, two variants of closed pipe access doors, respectively with locking segment and with half-collars, FIGS. 3 and 4 are enlarged partial sections, according to the arrows F1 of FIG. 1, respectively of an access door according to the invention and of an access door of known type, Figures 5 and 6 show in the same conditions enlarged partial sections, according to the arrows F2 of Figure 2, Figure 7 is an enlargement of detail D1 of Figures 3 and 5, Figure 8 shows in axonometric perspective a door of access to half-opened blocking segment, FIG. 9 shows in perspective, on a large scale, the operating mechanism of the locking segment, FIGS. 10 and 11 are enlarged views of the safety devices for venting the air. re of the pipe or the container mounted respectively on a door with locking segment and a door with half-collars and FIG. 12 is an axial section of the vent screw for venting.
Le dispositif, figures 1 à 10, est constitué d'une bride 1 et d'un bouchon 2 à face extérieure pleine solidarisés par un ensemble de charnière 3 avec supports vissés directement et simplement sur l'âme de la bride, d'un joint autoclaveThe device, FIGS. 1 to 10, consists of a flange 1 and a plug 2 with a full external face secured by a set of hinges 3 with supports screwed directly and simply onto the core of the flange, with a seal. autoclave
4 à lèvres et d'un système de verrouillage constitué d'un segment flexible 5 de blocage ou de deux demi-colliers 20, 21.4 with lips and a locking system consisting of a flexible blocking segment 5 or two half-collars 20, 21.
La bride 1 est soudée à la canalisation ou au récipient au niveau d'un chanfrein. Le bouchon 2 s'emboîte dans la bride en pivotant sur la charnière 3. Son extraction hors de la bride s'effectue, grâce à la charnière 3, au moyen du bras d'ouverture 6 (figure 1), de préférence démontable ou d'une poignée 22 (figure 2).The flange 1 is welded to the pipe or to the container at a chamfer. The plug 2 fits into the flange by pivoting on the hinge 3. Its extraction from the flange is effected, thanks to the hinge 3, by means of the opening arm 6 (FIG. 1), preferably removable or d 'a handle 22 (Figure 2).
L'étanchéité de la fermeture est obtenue grâce au joint autoclave 4 disposé dans un plan de joint circulaire incliné par rapport à l'axe du système. La surface de joint du bouchon 2 est équipé d'une rainure elle-même inclinée destinée à accueillir le joint, ce qui permet à celui-ci de se retrouver en position d'assise dès la fermeture de la porte.The sealing of the closure is obtained by means of the autoclave seal 4 disposed in a circular joint plane inclined relative to the axis of the system. The sealing surface of the plug 2 is equipped with a groove which is itself inclined for to receive the seal, which allows it to be in the sitting position as soon as the door is closed.
Ce joint a une forme en U. Il présente deux lèvres, une lèvre extérieure 10 et une lèvre intérieure. Il est prévu un rétrécissement derrière la lèvre extérieure 10 (coté bride) assurant la flexibilité du joint. Cette caractéristique liée à l'inclinaison du joint permet de refermer le bouchon 2 sans effort et sans réducteur.This joint has a U shape. It has two lips, an outer lip 10 and an inner lip. There is a narrowing behind the outer lip 10 (flange side) ensuring the flexibility of the seal. This characteristic linked to the inclination of the seal makes it possible to close the plug 2 effortlessly and without a reducing agent.
Un ressort 11 est placé en position arrière, à l'opposé des lèvres, afin d'éviter l'extrusion du joint provoquée par la pression interne (figure 7).A spring 11 is placed in the rear position, opposite the lips, in order to avoid the extrusion of the seal caused by the internal pressure (FIG. 7).
La porte d'accès est équipée d'un ou deux systèmes de sécurité 8 intégrant chacun une vis d'évent 9 vissée dans le bouchon 2 et devant être retirée pour permettre le déverrouillage. L'extrémité de la vis d'évent qui se visse dans le bouchon est percée d'un trou central prolongée par un perçage radial. Lorsqu'on dévisse la vis, le milieu intérieur va se retrouver en communication avec l'extérieur.The access door is equipped with one or two security systems 8 each integrating a vent screw 9 screwed into the plug 2 and having to be removed to allow unlocking. The end of the vent screw which screws into the cap is pierced with a central hole extended by a radial bore. When you unscrew the screw, the interior medium will find itself in communication with the exterior.
Ainsi, dès lors que le tube est en pression, si on dévisse la vis d'évent 9, la pression s'échappe au travers du trou et alerte le manipulateur du danger d'une manipulation sous pression.Thus, as soon as the tube is under pressure, if the vent screw 9 is unscrewed, the pressure escapes through the hole and alerts the operator to the danger of handling under pressure.
Selon une première variante d'exécution, le verrouillage à la fermeture de la porte d'accès s'effectue au moyen d'un segment flexible 5 de blocage de section rectangulaire, usiné en position fermée dans une couronne forgée.According to a first alternative embodiment, the locking when the access door is closed is effected by means of a flexible blocking segment 5 of rectangular section, machined in the closed position in a forged crown.
Le segment flexible 5 se loge dans deux rainures circulaires se faisant face et disposées respectivement sur la face cylindrique interne de la brideThe flexible segment 5 is housed in two circular grooves facing each other and disposed respectively on the internal cylindrical face of the flange
1 et sur la face cylindrique externe du bouchon 2. Sa flexibilité est assurée et réglée par un ensemble d'usinage constitué de rainures 12 transversales et de trous de décharge 13 positionnés de manière à obtenir une progressivité constante des variations du segment.1 and on the external cylindrical face of the plug 2. Its flexibility is ensured and regulated by a machining assembly consisting of transverse grooves 12 and discharge holes 13 positioned so as to obtain a constant progressiveness of the variations in the segment.
En position fermée, le diamètre extérieur du segment 5 est en contact avec le fond de la rainure de la bride 1 et empêche l'extrusion du bouchon 2 hors de la bride. En position ouverte, le segment est comprimé par une platine de manoeuvre 7, son diamètre extérieur diminue par déplacement dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de la porte, ce qui lui permet de sortir de la rainure de la bride. La porte peut ainsi être ouverte. La platine de manoeuvre 7 est située sur la face extérieure du bouchon 2. Elle est reliée au segment 5 par l'intermédiaire de deux tiges 14 dont le déplacement est provoqué par la rotation de la platine de manoeuvre (flèche F3) grâce à deux rainures excentriques 15 situées sur la face arrière de la platine de manoeuvre. La rotation de la platine de manoeuvre permet donc de rapprocher ou d'éloigner les extrémités du segment 5 et d'en faire varier le diamètre.In the closed position, the outside diameter of the segment 5 is in contact with the bottom of the groove of the flange 1 and prevents the extrusion of the plug 2 from the flange. In the open position, the segment is compressed by an operating plate 7, its outside diameter decreases by displacement in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the door, which allows it to exit the groove of the flange. The door can thus be opened. The operating plate 7 is located on the outer face of the plug 2. It is connected to the segment 5 by means of two rods 14 whose displacement is caused by the rotation of the operating plate (arrow F3) by means of two grooves eccentrics 15 located on the rear face of the operating plate. The rotation of the operating plate therefore makes it possible to bring the ends of segment 5 closer or further apart and to vary the diameter thereof.
Les rainures excentriques 15 sont prolongées par une zone rectiligne non tangente permettant ainsi de bloquer en bout de course (position ouverte) les tiges 14 de la platine de manoeuvre et d'éviter le retour intempestif de la platine de manoeuvre induit par l'élasticité du segment (figure 9).The eccentric grooves 15 are extended by a non-tangent rectilinear zone thus making it possible to block at the end of travel (open position) the rods 14 of the operating plate and to prevent the unwanted return of the operating plate induced by the elasticity of the segment (Figure 9).
Chaque porte est munie d'un système de sécurité 8 qui fait le lien entre la platine de manoeuvre 7, la bride 1 et le bouchon 2.Each door is fitted with a security system 8 which links the operating plate 7, the flange 1 and the plug 2.
Ce système est composé d'une vis d'évent 9 à laquelle sont reliées deux doigts 16 de sécurité. En position fermée, vis d'évent vissée à son maximum, les tiges de sécurité scellent la platine de manreuvre 7, le bouchon et le segment en position fermée. L'ouverture de la porte (et la rotation de la platine de manoeuvre) n'est rendue possible qu'après dévissage complet de la vis d'évent 9 et extraction des doigts de sécurité (figure 10).This system is composed of a vent screw 9 to which two safety fingers 16 are connected. In the closed position, vent screw screwed to its maximum, the safety rods seal the operating plate 7, the plug and the segment in the closed position. The opening of the door (and the rotation of the maneuvering plate) is only made possible after completely unscrewing the vent screw 9 and extracting the safety fingers (Figure 10).
Selon une seconde variante d'exécution, le verrouillage à la fermeture de la porte d'accès s'effectue au moyen de deux demi-colliers 20, 21 à bords internes 23, 24 parallèles coiffant la bride 1 et le bouchon 2 et assurant de cette manière le verrouillage de la porte. Le déplacement des deux demi-colliers s'effectue perpendiculairement à l'axe de la conduite grâce à deux vis de manoeuvre 25 à molette 26 actionnant deux modules de serrage 27 composé chacun de deux éléments dissociables et identiques boulonnées sur les demi-colliers 20, 21 et coulissant sur deux glissières 28 fixées à la bride par l'intermédiaire de deux vis dont les têtes servent de butée aux deux éléments de chaque module de serrage lors de la translation des deux demi-colliers. Les éléments dissociables sont composés chacun d'un support d'écrou et d'un écrou s'emboîtant de manière flottante dans le support d'écrou. Ce dernier est moulé et vissé au moyen de deux vis de fixation sur une des extrémités de chaque demi-collier. Les vis de manoeuvre doivent être totalement extraites des supports d'écrou pour permettre le démontage de ces derniers. Les axes des deux vis de fixation du support d'écrou définissent un plan parallèle à l'axe de la canalisation. Il est inclus dans le support d'écrou une zone de glissement qui s'emboîte sur la glissière 28 et permet d'assurer le déplacement des deux demi-collier dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de la canalisation.According to a second alternative embodiment, the locking when the access door is closed is effected by means of two half-collars 20, 21 with internal edges 23, 24 parallel covering the flange 1 and the plug 2 and ensuring this way locking the door. The displacement of the two half-collars is carried out perpendicularly to the axis of the pipe by means of two maneuvering screws 25 with thumbwheel 26 actuating two clamping modules 27 each composed of two dissociable and identical elements bolted to the half-collars 20, 21 and sliding on two slides 28 fixed to the flange by means of two screws, the heads of which serve as a stop for the two elements of each clamping module during the translation of the two half-collars. The separable elements each consist of a nut support and a nut that floats into the nut support. The latter is molded and screwed by means of two fixing screws on one of the ends of each half-collar. The operating screws must be completely removed from the nut supports to allow disassembly of the latter. The axes of the two fixing screws of the nut support define a plane parallel to the axis of the pipeline. It is included in the nut support a sliding zone which fits on the slide 28 and makes it possible to ensure the displacement of the two half-collars in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the pipe.
Par rotation de chaque molette 26, un pas gauche-droite de la vis de manoeuvre 25 assure par l'écartement des deux éléments du module de serrage 27 le long de la glissière, la dissociation des deux demi-colliers. Le bouchon peut alors être retiré de l'intérieur de la bride en pivotant sur les axes de la charnière.By rotation of each wheel 26, a left-right pitch of the maneuvering screw 25 ensures by the separation of the two elements of the clamping module 27 along the slide, the dissociation of the two half-collars. The plug can then be removed from the inside of the flange by pivoting on the hinge pins.
Chaque porte est munie de deux systèmes de sécurité 8 constitué d'une vis d'évent et d'un support de vis d'évent. Chaque demi-collier 20, 21 possède à son extrémité un trou dans lequel vient s'introduire un des deux ergots du support de la vis d'évent. Une fois installé, le support de la vis d'évent bloque les deux demi-colliers en position fermée. Le support d'évent est entièrement moulé. Le support de la vis d'évent est équipé d'un alésage destiné à recevoir la vis d'évent. La vis d'évent est introduite au travers du support d'évent et vient se visser dans un trou disposé dans le bouchon. Ainsi, pour séparer les deux demi-colliers, il est nécessaire de retirer la vis d'évent puis le support de la vis d'évent. La porte ne peut donc en aucun cas être ouverte sous pression.Each door is provided with two security systems 8 consisting of a vent screw and a vent screw support. Each half-collar 20, 21 has at its end a hole into which is introduced one of the two lugs of the support of the vent screw. Once installed, the vent screw support blocks the two half-collars in the closed position. The vent support is fully molded. The vent screw support is equipped with a bore intended to receive the vent screw. The vent screw is introduced through the vent support and is screwed into a hole in the plug. Thus, to separate the two half-collars, it is necessary to remove the vent screw then the support of the vent screw. Under no circumstances can the door be opened under pressure.
La vis d'évent est vissée dans le bouchon. L'extrémité qui vient se visser dans le bouchon est percée d'un trou central prolongée par un perçage radial. Lorsqu'on dévisse la vis, le milieu intérieur va se retrouver en communication avec l'extérieur. Ainsi, dès lors que le tube est en pression, si on dévisse la vis d'évent, la pression s'échappera au travers du trou et alertera le manipulateur de l'existence de la pression.The vent screw is screwed into the cap. The end which is screwed into the cap is pierced with a central hole extended by a radial bore. When you unscrew the screw, the interior medium will find itself in communication with the exterior. Thus, as soon as the tube is under pressure, if the vent screw is unscrewed, the pressure will escape through the hole and alert the manipulator of the existence of the pressure.
Le positionnement des divers éléments constitutifs donne à l'objet de l'invention un maximum d'effets utiles qui n'avaient pas été, à ce jour, obtenus par des dispositifs similaires. The positioning of the various constituent elements gives the object of the invention a maximum of useful effects which had not, to date, been obtained by similar devices.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 °. Porte d'accès à ouverture et fermeture rapide pour canalisations et récipients, constituée d'une bride (1) et d'un bouchon (2) solidarisés par un ensemble de charnière (3) et destinée à permettre d'assurer l'entretien des récipients sous pression et des réseaux de canalisations de tous types, et en particulier des réseaux étendus de conduits à fort débit, que ceux-ci servent au transport des liquides, des gaz ou des matières pulvérulentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte d'une part un joint autoclave (4) d'étanchéité disposé dans un plan de joint circulaire incliné par rapport à l'axe du système, la surface de joint du bouchon (2) comportant une rainure elle-même inclinée destinée à accueillir ledit joint autoclave et, d'autre part, un système de verrouillage de fermeture à déplacement dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de la porte d'accès de manière à ce que la poussée due à la pression du fluide s'exerce parallèlement à cet axe.1 °. Quick opening and closing access door for pipes and containers, consisting of a flange (1) and a plug (2) secured by a set of hinges (3) and intended to allow maintenance of the pressure receptacles and networks of pipelines of all types, and in particular extensive networks of high-flow conduits, whether these are used for the transport of liquids, gases or pulverulent materials, characterized in that it comprises on the one hand, an autoclave seal (4) arranged in a circular joint plane inclined with respect to the axis of the system, the seal surface of the plug (2) comprising a groove itself inclined intended to receive said autoclave seal and, on the other hand, a closing closure system with displacement in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the access door so that the thrust due to the pressure of the fluid is exerted parallel to this axis.
2°. Porte d'accès selon la revendication 1 , se caractérisant par le fait que le joint autoclave (4) a une forme en "U" et présente une lèvre extérieure (10), coté bride, et une lèvre intérieure, un rétrécissement derrière ladite lèvre extérieure assurant la flexibilité du joint, un ressort (11 ), placé en position arrière, à l'opposé des lèvres, permettant d'éviter l'extrusion du joint provoquée par la pression interne.2 °. Access door according to claim 1, characterized in that the autoclave seal (4) has a "U" shape and has an outer lip (10), flange side, and an inner lip, a narrowing behind said lip external ensuring the flexibility of the seal, a spring (11), placed in the rear position, opposite the lips, making it possible to avoid the extrusion of the seal caused by the internal pressure.
3°. Porte d'accès selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, se caractérisant par le fait qu'elle est équipée d'un ou deux systèmes de sécurité (8) intégrant chacun une vis d'évent (9) vissée dans le bouchon (2) et devant être retirée pour permettre le déverrouillage, l'extrémité de ladite vis d'évent qui se visse dans le bouchon étant percée d'un trou central prolongée par un perçage radial de manière à ce que, lorsqu'on dévisse la vis, le milieu intérieur se retrouve en communication avec l'extérieur afin que la pression s'échappant au travers du trou alerte l'opérateur du danger d'une manipulation sous pression. 4°. Porte d'accès selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, se caractérisant par le fait qu'elle est assemblée sans soudure, les supports de l'ensemble de charnière (3) étant vissés directement et simplement sur l'âme de la bride (1).3 °. Access door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with one or two security systems (8) each integrating a vent screw (9) screwed into the plug (2 ) and having to be removed to allow unlocking, the end of said vent screw which screws into the plug being pierced with a central hole extended by a radial bore so that, when the screw is unscrewed, the interior medium is found in communication with the exterior so that the pressure escaping through the hole alerts the operator to the danger of handling under pressure. 4 °. Access door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is assembled without welding, the supports of the hinge assembly (3) being screwed directly and simply onto the web of the flange ( 1).
5°. Porte d'accès selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, se caractérisant par le fait que le système de verrouillage de fermeture est constitué d'un segment flexible (5) de verrouillage de fermeture à déplacement dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de la porte d'accès, logé dans deux rainures circulaires se faisant face et disposées respectivement sur la face cylindrique interne de la bride (1) et sur la face cylindrique externe du bouchon (2).5 °. Access door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closing locking system consists of a flexible closing locking segment (5) moving in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the access door, housed in two circular grooves facing each other and disposed respectively on the internal cylindrical face of the flange (1) and on the external cylindrical face of the plug (2).
6°. Porte d'accès selon la revendication 5, se caractérisant par le fait que le segment flexible (5) est usiné en position fermée dans une couronne forgée, sa flexibilité étant assurée et réglée par un ensemble d'usinage constitué de rainures6 °. Access door according to claim 5, characterized in that the flexible segment (5) is machined in the closed position in a forged crown, its flexibility being ensured and regulated by a machining assembly consisting of grooves
(12) transversales et de trous de décharge (13) positionnés de manière à obtenir une progressivité constante des variations du segment.(12) transverse and discharge holes (13) positioned so as to obtain a constant progressiveness of the variations of the segment.
7°. Porte d'accès selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 et 6, se caractérisant par le fait qu'elle est équipée d'une platine de manoeuvre (7) située sur la face extérieure du bouchon (2) et reliée au segment flexible (5) par l'intermédiaire de deux tiges (14) dont le déplacement est provoqué par la rotation de la platine de manoeuvre grâce à deux rainures excentriques (15) situées sur la face arrière de ladite platine de manoeuvre de manière à ce que la rotation de cette dernière permette de rapprocher ou d'éloigner les extrémités du segment flexible (5) et d'en faire varier le diamètre.7 °. Access door according to any one of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that it is equipped with an operating plate (7) located on the outer face of the plug (2) and connected to the flexible segment ( 5) by means of two rods (14), the displacement of which is caused by the rotation of the operating plate by means of two eccentric grooves (15) situated on the rear face of said operating plate so that the rotation of the latter allows to bring closer or away from the ends of the flexible segment (5) and to vary the diameter.
8°. Porte d'accès selon la revendication 7, se caractérisant par le fait qu'elle comporte un système de sécurité (8) assurant le lien entre la platine de manoeuvre (7), la bride (1) et le bouchon (2), ledit système de sécurité étant composé d'une vis d'évent (9) vissée dans le bouchon à laquelle sont reliées deux doigts (16) de sécurité bloquant la platine de manreuvre (7) en position fermée lorsque ladite vis d'évent est vissée à son maximum, l'ouverture de la porte et la rotation de la platine de manoeuvre n'étant possible qu'après dévissage complet de la vis d'évent et extraction des doigts de sécurité.8 °. Access door according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises a security system (8) ensuring the link between the operating plate (7), the flange (1) and the plug (2), said security system consisting of a vent screw (9) screwed into the cap to which are connected two safety fingers (16) blocking the operating plate (7) in the closed position when said vent screw is screwed maximum, opening the door and rotation of the operating plate is only possible after completely unscrewing the vent screw and extraction of the safety fingers.
9°. Porte d'accès selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, se caractérisant par le fait que le système de verrouillage à la fermeture est constitué de deux demi-colliers (20, 21) à bords internes (23, 24) parallèles coiffant la bride (1) et le bouchon 2 et assurant de cette manière le verrouillage de la porte, le déplacement des deux demi-colliers s'effectuant perpendiculairement à l'axe de la conduite grâce à deux vis de manoeuvre (25) à molette (26) actionnant deux modules de serrage (27) composé chacun de deux éléments dissociables et identiques boulonnées sur les demi-colliers (20, 21) et coulissant sur deux glissières 28 fixées à la bride (1).9 °. Access door according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the closing locking system consists of two half-collars (20, 21) with internal edges (23, 24) parallel covering the flange (1) and the plug 2 and thus ensuring the locking of the door, the displacement of the two half-collars being effected perpendicular to the axis of the pipe by means of two operating screws (25) with thumbwheel ( 26) actuating two clamping modules (27) each composed of two dissociable and identical elements bolted to the half-collars (20, 21) and sliding on two slides 28 fixed to the flange (1).
10°. Porte d'accès selon la revendication 9, se caractérisant par le fait que les éléments dissociables sont composés chacun d'un support d'écrou et d'un écrou s'emboîtant de manière flottante dans ledit support d'écrou, ce dernier étant moulé et vissé sur une des extrémités de chaque demi-collier (20, 21), le support d'écrou comportant une zone de glissement s'emboîtant sur la glissière (28) et permettant d'assurer le déplacement des deux demi-collier dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de la canalisation.10 °. Access door according to claim 9, characterized in that the separable elements are each composed of a nut support and a nut which floats in said nut support, the latter being molded and screwed onto one end of each half-collar (20, 21), the nut support comprising a sliding zone which fits onto the slide (28) and makes it possible to move the two half-collar in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the pipeline.
11 °. Porte d'accès selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 et 10, se caractérisant par le fait qu'elle est munie de deux systèmes de sécurité (8) constitué d'une vis d'évent et d'un support de vis d'évent, chaque demi-collier (20, 21) possédant à son extrémité un trou dans lequel vient s'introduire un ergot du support de la vis d'évent, de façon à bloquer les deux demi-colliers en position fermée, la vis d'évent étant introduite au travers du support d'évent et se vissant dans un trou disposé dans le bouchon (2). 11 °. Access door according to any one of claims 9 and 10, characterized in that it is provided with two security systems (8) consisting of a vent screw and a screw support vent, each half-collar (20, 21) having at its end a hole into which is introduced a lug of the support of the vent screw, so as to lock the two half-collars in the closed position, the screw d 'vent being introduced through the vent support and screwed into a hole in the plug (2).
EP01940665A 2001-06-01 2001-06-01 Fast opening and closing access door for pipes and containers Withdrawn EP1392994A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/FR2001/001705 WO2002097319A1 (en) 2001-06-01 2001-06-01 Fast opening and closing access door for pipes and containers

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CN1230646C (en) 2005-12-07
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