Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L45/00—Pipe units with cleaning aperture and closure therefor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
  • F16J13/00—Covers or similar closure members for pressure vessels in general
  • F16J13/02—Detachable closure members; Means for tightening closures
  • F16J13/08—Detachable closure members; Means for tightening closures attached by one or more members actuated to project behind a part or parts of the frame
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
  • F16J13/00—Covers or similar closure members for pressure vessels in general
  • F16J13/02—Detachable closure members; Means for tightening closures
  • F16J13/10—Detachable closure members; Means for tightening closures attached by means of a divided ring
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
  • F16J13/00—Covers or similar closure members for pressure vessels in general
  • F16J13/16—Pivoted closures
  • F16J13/18—Pivoted closures pivoted directly on the frame
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
  • F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
  • F16L55/115—Caps
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L57/00—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear
  • F16L57/005—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear specially adapted for the ends of pipes

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an access door with quick opening and closing for pipes and containers.
• Doors must therefore be installed in order to introduce various measuring and cleaning devices into the network.
• the closing and opening of these doors which must be very rapid, entail significant constraints resulting from the design of this equipment.
• Figures 4 and 6 are partial cross sections of existing doors, respectively according to arrows F1 and F2 in Figures 1 and 2).
• the flange (1) equipping the door must be of large section to resist the component generated by the blocking segment (7 ') generally placed in an inclined manner. This feature requires an extra thickness of material to resist flaring.
• the outer face of the plug is offset from the outer face of the flange, which can therefore cause accumulations of sand detrimental to handling.
• the half-collars (20 ') which come to cap the plug (2) and the flange (1) use oblique edges which create seizure situations.
• the significant clamping effort of the two half-collars requires mechanical assistance and the blocking efforts of the half-collars on the plug and the flange very strongly depend on the state of lubrication of the surfaces in contact, thereby causing a lack of reliability in door security.
• the blocking module is tightened and loosened by means of bolts. These operations must therefore be carried out using a wrench, especially when the bolts are jammed or of large size.
• the device according to the present invention eliminates all these drawbacks. It allows access doors to be opened and closed very quickly, which can be handled by a single person without special tools, the reduction in forces ensuring moreover reduced wear on the tightening bolts. In addition, the manufacture of these doors is simple, requires no welding and reduces the amount of raw material used.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 show, seen from the front, two variants of closed pipe access doors, respectively with locking segment and with half-collars, FIGS.
• FIGS. 10 and 11 are enlarged views of the safety devices for venting the air.
• FIG. 12 is an axial section of the vent screw for venting.
• FIGS. 1 to 10 consists of a flange 1 and a plug 2 with a full external face secured by a set of hinges 3 with supports screwed directly and simply onto the core of the flange, with a seal. autoclave
• the flange 1 is welded to the pipe or to the container at a chamfer.
• the plug 2 fits into the flange by pivoting on the hinge 3. Its extraction from the flange is effected, thanks to the hinge 3, by means of the opening arm 6 (FIG. 1), preferably removable or d 'a handle 22 ( Figure 2).
• the sealing of the closure is obtained by means of the autoclave seal 4 disposed in a circular joint plane inclined relative to the axis of the system.
• the sealing surface of the plug 2 is equipped with a groove which is itself inclined for to receive the seal, which allows it to be in the sitting position as soon as the door is closed.
• This joint has a U shape. It has two lips, an outer lip 10 and an inner lip. There is a narrowing behind the outer lip 10 (flange side) ensuring the flexibility of the seal. This characteristic linked to the inclination of the seal makes it possible to close the plug 2 effortlessly and without a reducing agent.
• a spring 11 is placed in the rear position, opposite the lips, in order to avoid the extrusion of the seal caused by the internal pressure (FIG. 7).
• the access door is equipped with one or two security systems 8 each integrating a vent screw 9 screwed into the plug 2 and having to be removed to allow unlocking.
• the end of the vent screw which screws into the cap is pierced with a central hole extended by a radial bore. When you unscrew the screw, the interior medium will find itself in communication with the exterior.
• the locking when the access door is closed is effected by means of a flexible blocking segment 5 of rectangular section, machined in the closed position in a forged crown.
• the flexible segment 5 is housed in two circular grooves facing each other and disposed respectively on the internal cylindrical face of the flange
• the outside diameter of the segment 5 is in contact with the bottom of the groove of the flange 1 and prevents the extrusion of the plug 2 from the flange.
• the segment In the open position, the segment is compressed by an operating plate 7, its outside diameter decreases by displacement in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the door, which allows it to exit the groove of the flange. The door can thus be opened.
• the operating plate 7 is located on the outer face of the plug 2. It is connected to the segment 5 by means of two rods 14 whose displacement is caused by the rotation of the operating plate (arrow F3) by means of two grooves eccentrics 15 located on the rear face of the operating plate. The rotation of the operating plate therefore makes it possible to bring the ends of segment 5 closer or further apart and to vary the diameter thereof.
• the eccentric grooves 15 are extended by a non-tangent rectilinear zone thus making it possible to block at the end of travel (open position) the rods 14 of the operating plate and to prevent the unwanted return of the operating plate induced by the elasticity of the segment ( Figure 9).
• Each door is fitted with a security system 8 which links the operating plate 7, the flange 1 and the plug 2.
• This system is composed of a vent screw 9 to which two safety fingers 16 are connected.
• vent screw 9 In the closed position, vent screw screwed to its maximum, the safety rods seal the operating plate 7, the plug and the segment in the closed position.
• the opening of the door (and the rotation of the maneuvering plate) is only made possible after completely unscrewing the vent screw 9 and extracting the safety fingers (Figure 10).
• the locking when the access door is closed is effected by means of two half-collars 20, 21 with internal edges 23, 24 parallel covering the flange 1 and the plug 2 and ensuring this way locking the door.
• the displacement of the two half-collars is carried out perpendicularly to the axis of the pipe by means of two maneuvering screws 25 with thumbwheel 26 actuating two clamping modules 27 each composed of two dissociable and identical elements bolted to the half-collars 20, 21 and sliding on two slides 28 fixed to the flange by means of two screws, the heads of which serve as a stop for the two elements of each clamping module during the translation of the two half-collars.
• the separable elements each consist of a nut support and a nut that floats into the nut support.
• the latter is molded and screwed by means of two fixing screws on one of the ends of each half-collar.
• the operating screws must be completely removed from the nut supports to allow disassembly of the latter.
• the axes of the two fixing screws of the nut support define a plane parallel to the axis of the pipeline. It is included in the nut support a sliding zone which fits on the slide 28 and makes it possible to ensure the displacement of the two half-collars in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the pipe.
• a left-right pitch of the maneuvering screw 25 ensures by the separation of the two elements of the clamping module 27 along the slide, the dissociation of the two half-collars.
• the plug can then be removed from the inside of the flange by pivoting on the hinge pins.
• Each door is provided with two security systems 8 consisting of a vent screw and a vent screw support.
• Each half-collar 20, 21 has at its end a hole into which is introduced one of the two lugs of the support of the vent screw. Once installed, the vent screw support blocks the two half-collars in the closed position.
• the vent support is fully molded.
• the vent screw support is equipped with a bore intended to receive the vent screw. The vent screw is introduced through the vent support and is screwed into a hole in the plug. Thus, to separate the two half-collars, it is necessary to remove the vent screw then the support of the vent screw. Under no circumstances can the door be opened under pressure.
• the vent screw is screwed into the cap.
• the end which is screwed into the cap is pierced with a central hole extended by a radial bore.
• the interior medium will find itself in communication with the exterior.
• the vent screw is unscrewed, the pressure will escape through the hole and alert the manipulator of the existence of the pressure.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8859770

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Families Citing this family (20)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 2001
  • 2001-06-01 EP EP01940665A patent/EP1392994A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2001-06-01 CN CN01810737.0A patent/CN1230646C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2001-06-01 WO PCT/FR2001/001705 patent/WO2002097319A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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