EP1384948B1 - Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Abfallverarbeitung, insbesondere von feuchtem Abfall in einem Verbrennungsofen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Abfallverarbeitung, insbesondere von feuchtem Abfall in einem Verbrennungsofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1384948B1
EP1384948B1 EP20020016462 EP02016462A EP1384948B1 EP 1384948 B1 EP1384948 B1 EP 1384948B1 EP 20020016462 EP20020016462 EP 20020016462 EP 02016462 A EP02016462 A EP 02016462A EP 1384948 B1 EP1384948 B1 EP 1384948B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste
furnace
auger
process according
transportation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20020016462
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1384948A1 (de
Inventor
Heinz Albert Steimen
Björn Fossen
Brenden Vidar
Reidar Brattebrekke
Trond Kaasa
Joachim Dr. Dr. Otschik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Norsk Inova AS
Original Assignee
Norsk Inova AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsk Inova AS filed Critical Norsk Inova AS
Priority to DE50206905T priority Critical patent/DE50206905D1/de
Priority to EP20020016462 priority patent/EP1384948B1/de
Priority to DE2002145954 priority patent/DE10245954B4/de
Priority to NO20033320A priority patent/NO323866B1/no
Publication of EP1384948A1 publication Critical patent/EP1384948A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1384948B1 publication Critical patent/EP1384948B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/12—Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
    • F23G2205/121—Screw conveyor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for waste processing, in particular of wet waste in a combustion furnace according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to a device which is suitable in particular for carrying out the method according to claim 10.
  • the invention is particularly concerned with the problem of wet waste combustion, which is understood to mean a waste having a water content of over 75% by mass.
  • wastes are, for example, food or biosludge.
  • the invention addresses the problem of increasing the efficiency of drying and wet waste combustion. However, it is not limited to the processing of wet waste.
  • the prior art already includes a device for waste processing, in which a feed device, a degassing and a high-temperature reactor are arranged successively, wherein in the degassing at least one transport screw is arranged (DE 43 30 788 A1).
  • the degassing is surrounded by a jacket heating, which can be operated with steam or gas. Trash is continuously transported from the feeder to the high temperature reactor by the screw conveyor, the waste being heated to a temperature of about 600 ° C and degassed. A resulting solid residue and the gas are fed to the high-temperature reactor in which synthesis gas and a melt arise, which are further treated externally.
  • air can be supplied to a central portion of the degassing, whereby carbon monoxide and residual carbon are burned in the degassing and thus the waste is heated directly.
  • the screw conveyor may be formed hollow to be charged for heating with steam or gas.
  • the output of the degassing ie the end of the garbage transport path, which is essentially realized by the screw conveyor, with the interior of the high-temperature reactor in connection whose heat is thus practically not transported into the degassing. This is especially true when the screw conveyor ends before the end of the degassing and at the end of a plug is formed from the transported Good.
  • the heat supply to the material in the degassing duct over the surrounding jacket is relatively inefficient. A direct heating of the waste in the degassing can only occur if this sufficient is dry to allow partial combustion. Waste with a moisture content above 30% can not be processed in this way.
  • a drying stage comprises a plurality of treatment units, each with a conveying tube, in which a screw conveyor is rotatably arranged, wherein the conveying tube is surrounded by a jacket tube and the space between the conveying tube and jacket tube is heated by heating gas.
  • the resulting in the second zone gases and the pyrolysis gases of the first zone are then subjected to a secondary combustion.
  • the first zone is to be heated by radiant heat, which is obtained directly from the secondary combustion.
  • waste is transported via a plug screw into a pyrolysis reactor designed as a Schweltrommel, wherein the carbonization drum is indirectly heated by passing therethrough heating tubes and the thus cooler heating gas is also used to heat a transport channel in which the plug screw is arranged (DE 43 27 633 A1). It is therefore an indirect heating, which is particularly weak and inefficient, especially in the area of the transport channel, as in the prior art discussed above. Processing wet waste with a moisture content of more than 75% is also not effective.
  • the heated dried material is then separated in an evaporation chamber in the absence of air into solid and fluid components of the waste.
  • the lower drying rack is also provided with a screw conveyor for transporting the fuel coming from the injection end to an opening above the fluidized bed.
  • the racks are designed as frame plates, which can be curved according to the adjacent augers.
  • High hydrous fuels such as sewage sludge
  • the kiln is rotated to move against a rising from the fluidized bed exhaust stream, wherein it is dried in good contact with the exhaust gas until the so dried kiln from the opening in the lower drying rack falls into the fluidized bed, where it is burned by it is swirled by a fluidizing gas.
  • the process carried out by the known fluidized bed incinerator thus does not provide a pyrolysis step.
  • it is not clear if and how the transport end of the upper screw conveyor is so closed that it is prevented that the exhaust gas can escape through the inlet opening for the sewage sludge.
  • a screw conveyor is housed in a horizontal pipe housing in which the waste is kept in motion and heated gas generated in a reaction zone is moved as a flow in the direction of movement of the waste (US 3 027 854 A).
  • the waste is treated so that the material is first dried, then dry distilled and finally charred without using up completely.
  • the char is transferred to a vertical chamber in which the combustion of the char is completed and exhaust gas is generated becomes.
  • the material transported in the tube housing is substantially shielded from the furnace atmosphere.
  • no means appear to be provided which prevent the gas flowing through the pipe casing from escaping through the funnel inlet through which new waste material is introduced.
  • an indirectly heated retort contains a tubular housing in which a screw screw for transporting the solid waste is arranged (US Pat. No. 4,217,175 A).
  • the housing is surrounded by a heating jacket through which hot gas circulates.
  • Adjacent to the entrance of the retort are a feed hopper for the raw material and at its base a reciprocating plunger is provided which forces a compacted batch of new waste material into the feed portion of the retort and thus seals the supply against escape of hot vapors ,
  • the screw breaks up the compacted waste into loose particles and brings them into heating contact with the housing, but not with the atmosphere of the furnace.
  • a supply line in which a screw conveyor is arranged in a flame channel (EP 1 113 223 A1).
  • the supply line opens into a combustion chamber in which burnup takes place. Shielded in the supply line, the combustion material is heated and dried in the region of the flame channel. The dried combustion material is expelled from an opening at the end of the flame channel in the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion gases formed in this and in a Nachverbrennungsraum flow through the flame channel to get to a heat exchanger.
  • the present invention has for its object to develop a method for waste disposal, with the waste especially high humidity uncomplicated, safe and efficient dried and heated to a temperature required for pyrolysis temperature of the waste.
  • the processing of the waste takes place along a transport path of the waste realized by a continuously operated transport screw substantially in direct contact with the furnace atmosphere of the incinerator.
  • a seal to a Beschikkungsstelle by compression of the waste already at the beginning of the transport path instead, so that no entry problem arises at the feed point by gas leakage.
  • the sealing stuffing effect can additionally be completed by supplying air at the point of entry, which, in particular as sealing air with an empty screw, prevents heat reflux from the incinerator to the point of loading.
  • the waste will generally be fed batchwise to the point of loading, after which the processing of the waste will be continuous in the subsequent phases.
  • the first phase of the compression by compression of the waste is followed, as a second phase, by drying of the waste, efficiently and yet safely and without the risk of explosion, with continued heating by direct contact with the furnace atmosphere of the incinerator.
  • the dried waste is continuously heated by the furnace atmosphere to a temperature required for pyrolysis in a third phase.
  • the waste is moved at such a speed over the transport path that is generated in the third phase at a slow expiration of the pyrolysis of waste substantially gas.
  • the total residence time of the waste over the transport line can typically be 15 to 20 minutes.
  • a fourth phase the burnout of the pyrolyzed waste is completed, at the latest following the transport screw in a free area of the furnace interior, in which the pyrolyzed waste falls from the front end of the screw conveyor. It is achieved a complete combustion with little air or oxygen.
  • Low-moisture waste is understood to mean one having a water content of up to 15 percent by mass.
  • a change of one or less process parameters is required, for example a variation of the transport speed of the waste to be processed along the transport path.
  • the inventive method is thus characterized by great universality.
  • the waste according to claim 3 Due to the direct contact with the furnace atmosphere, first at the screw conveyor and then in the free area of the furnace interior, the waste according to claim 3 is exposed to a temperature above 850 to 1200 ° C, which is certainly sufficient for complete pyrolysis depending on the type of waste.
  • According to claim 6 can further parallel to processing wet waste with a first screw with a first variable speed drive, with the transport speed is set along the transport path, processing low-humidity waste with a second screw with a controlled independently from the first speed-controlled drive second drive also in direct contact with the furnace atmosphere. Different types of waste do not need to be processed in a time-consuming manner.
  • high-moisture waste and low-moisture waste may also be premixed in a blending silo, after which the blended product is further treated with only one feed screw open on one side in direct contact with the furnace atmosphere for residual drying, pyrolysis and burnout.
  • a device for carrying out the method according to the invention which is open at its end-side section at the top, i. exposed transport screw, which is there thermally unshielded in direct contact with the furnace atmosphere, an essential element.
  • the end-side portion which extends into an interior of the incinerator, taken only at the bottom in a half-shell-shaped shell of refractory material.
  • the screw conveyor needs to be mounted on one side only at its opposite end to said end portion.
  • the shell-shaped shell is formed under the end-side section of the screw conveyor by a Ofenausmautation of firebricks, which is both heat-resistant and on the other hand, if necessary, renewable.
  • the temperature of the transported with the screw conveyor waste can be detected in good approximation.
  • the signal from the temperature sensor can be further processed in a temperature-dependent speed control of a drive of the screw conveyor.
  • the processing for example, in terms of moisture, density or thermal conductivity of different types of waste, optimized.
  • the temperature of the screw conveyor which is heated by the furnace atmosphere, be optimized by the formation of a cooling water passage in the screw conveyor in conjunction with a flow-controlled cooling water source.
  • a temperature outside on wings of the screw higher than 250 ° C has been found to be expedient.
  • the device according to the invention with which the method according to the invention is carried out, generally comprises a screw conveyor 1 in connection with a combustion furnace 2.
  • the screw conveyor has a speed-controlled drive 3, which is coupled by a gear mechanism with a substantially horizontal screw conveyor 4.
  • a charging device 6 is arranged, which can be fed batchwise or continuously with waste, in particular food waste or biosludge. Between the charging processes, the charging device with a slide 7 or instead by blocking air supply with an air supply port 6a against the environment is lockable.
  • an enclosed or completely covered section 4a of the transport screw extends into the interior of the incinerator 2.
  • This end portion 4b is open only at the top and is on its underside of a shell-shaped, approximately U-shaped shell 8 made of refractory material, which is formed from a Ofenausmautation 9 of firebricks.
  • FIG. 1 as a result of the sectional view, only the deepest point of the half-shell-shaped jacket 8 is shown, which extends on both longitudinal sides of the transporting screw approximately up to an upper side 10 of the transporting screw or of the screwed tree.
  • the area of the oven interior which is not occupied by the transport screw 4 and the furnace lining 9 is referred to in the present application as a free area 11 of the incinerator.
  • an alternative loading lock 15 may be arranged on the combustion furnace, which is only indicated in the drawing.
  • nozzles 12 terminate in the interior space and are used to supply air / oxygen for combustion and heat generation in the interior of the furnace.
  • the incinerator is closed down in the usual way by an ash bed 14.
  • the output signal is a measure of the temperature of the transported in the adjacent area with the screw conveyor waste and is further processed for speed control of the drive 3 ,
  • the feeder 6 is supplied with wet waste which may have a water content of over 75% by mass.
  • the waste captured by the screw conveyor under the charging means is compressed in a first phase A in the enclosed section 4a of the screw conveyor, whereby a backflow of heat from the inside of the oven is largely sealed off.
  • the lock can be largely secured by the slider or the charging device supplied sealing air even with empty screw conveyor.
  • the wet waste in phase B wherein the Waste on the open top of the transport screw the furnace atmosphere is exposed directly and can absorb heat radiation directly from the inside of the furnace.
  • heat transfer can be effected substantially by heat conduction of the furnace lining.
  • In the interior of the furnace there is typically a temperature above 850 to 1200 ° C, to which the waste is already exposed in phase B for drying.
  • waste is pyrolyzed in the third phase C, wherein substantially pyrolysis gas is formed.
  • Solid pyrolyzed waste falls from the front end of the screw conveyor 4 in the free area 11 of the incinerator 2, in which a burn-out of the waste is completed in a fourth phase D.
  • Residual ash is collected in the ash bed 4 and can be conventionally discharged from there. - But it is also possible in particular with slow helix, that the phase D is completed before the front end of the screw.
  • the screw conveyor 4 is expediently cooled to an outer blade temperature at its wings above 250 ° C, characterized in that cooling water flows through a controlled flow through a cavity in the region of the screw shaft. The cooling is not shown to maintain the clarity of the drawing.
  • the residence time of the wet waste on the screw conveyor is typically 15 to 20 minutes, ie the internal screw drying and the pyrolysis of the waste take place.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
EP20020016462 2002-07-23 2002-07-23 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Abfallverarbeitung, insbesondere von feuchtem Abfall in einem Verbrennungsofen Expired - Lifetime EP1384948B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE50206905T DE50206905D1 (de) 2002-07-23 2002-07-23 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Abfallverarbeitung, insbesondere von feuchtem Abfall in einem Verbrennungsofen
EP20020016462 EP1384948B1 (de) 2002-07-23 2002-07-23 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Abfallverarbeitung, insbesondere von feuchtem Abfall in einem Verbrennungsofen
DE2002145954 DE10245954B4 (de) 2002-07-23 2002-10-02 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Abfallverarbeitung
NO20033320A NO323866B1 (no) 2002-07-23 2003-07-23 Fremgangsmåte og anordning for avfallsbehandling, spesielt fuktig avfall, i en forbrenningsovn

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20020016462 EP1384948B1 (de) 2002-07-23 2002-07-23 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Abfallverarbeitung, insbesondere von feuchtem Abfall in einem Verbrennungsofen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1384948A1 EP1384948A1 (de) 2004-01-28
EP1384948B1 true EP1384948B1 (de) 2006-05-24

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20020016462 Expired - Lifetime EP1384948B1 (de) 2002-07-23 2002-07-23 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Abfallverarbeitung, insbesondere von feuchtem Abfall in einem Verbrennungsofen

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1384948B1 (no)
DE (2) DE50206905D1 (no)
NO (1) NO323866B1 (no)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016092154A1 (en) 2014-12-10 2016-06-16 Evac Oy Waste treatment installation

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI126241B (en) 2014-02-28 2016-08-31 Evac Oy Equipment for waste treatment on a ship and procedure for treating waste in a waste treatment equipment on a ship
CN112361367A (zh) * 2020-12-10 2021-02-12 湖北金炉节能股份有限公司 一种高温流化炉

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3027854A (en) * 1957-11-14 1962-04-03 Fred E Akerlund Apparatus and process for thermal destruction of waste materials
US4217175A (en) * 1978-04-28 1980-08-12 Reilly Bertram B Apparatus for solid waste pyrolysis
US4531462A (en) * 1980-01-18 1985-07-30 University Of Kentucky Research Foundation Biomass gasifier combustor
JPS60152810A (ja) * 1984-01-23 1985-08-12 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 下水汚泥の被焼却物を焼却するための流動床炉
EP0474890B1 (de) 1990-09-01 1994-02-16 Max Dipl.-Ing. Aicher Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Behandlung von Klärschlamm
DE4327633A1 (de) 1993-08-17 1995-02-23 Siemens Ag Transporteinrichtung für Abfall
DE4327953A1 (de) * 1993-08-19 1995-02-23 Siemens Ag Anlage zur thermischen Abfallentsorgung sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Anlage
DE4330788A1 (de) 1993-09-10 1994-04-07 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zur Müllverarbeitung
WO1997015640A1 (en) 1995-10-26 1997-05-01 Compact Power Limited Feeding systems for a continuous pyrolysis and gasification process and apparatus
ITVI980163A1 (it) 1998-09-07 2000-03-07 Antonio Salviati Essiccatoio continuo per poltiglie, paste, polveri e granuli.
AT408270B (de) * 1999-12-27 2001-10-25 Vogt Myrtha Feuerungsanlage

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016092154A1 (en) 2014-12-10 2016-06-16 Evac Oy Waste treatment installation
DE212015000281U1 (de) 2014-12-10 2017-07-19 Evac Oy Abfallbehandlungsvorrichtung
KR20170099938A (ko) 2014-12-10 2017-09-01 에박 오이 쓰레기 처리 설비

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1384948A1 (de) 2004-01-28
DE10245954B4 (de) 2004-07-22
NO20033320D0 (no) 2003-07-23
NO323866B1 (no) 2007-07-16
DE50206905D1 (de) 2006-06-29
DE10245954A1 (de) 2004-02-19

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