EP1383933B1 - Procede de production de fonte liquide dans un four electrique - Google Patents

Procede de production de fonte liquide dans un four electrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1383933B1
EP1383933B1 EP02719871A EP02719871A EP1383933B1 EP 1383933 B1 EP1383933 B1 EP 1383933B1 EP 02719871 A EP02719871 A EP 02719871A EP 02719871 A EP02719871 A EP 02719871A EP 1383933 B1 EP1383933 B1 EP 1383933B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
process according
carbon
fines
electric arc
previous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02719871A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1383933A1 (fr
Inventor
Jean-Luc Roth
Paul Berg
Fred Weisgerber
Fred Parasch
Emile Lonardi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Paul Wurth SA
Original Assignee
Paul Wurth SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from LU90735A external-priority patent/LU90735B1/fr
Priority claimed from LU90788A external-priority patent/LU90788B1/fr
Application filed by Paul Wurth SA filed Critical Paul Wurth SA
Publication of EP1383933A1 publication Critical patent/EP1383933A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1383933B1 publication Critical patent/EP1383933B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
    • C21B11/10—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in electric furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
    • C21B13/0026—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state introduction of iron oxide in the flame of a burner or a hot gas stream

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing molten iron.
  • Direct reduction processes (without passage through a liquid phase) using coal as reductant are the most economical and this especially in countries without a natural gas resource.
  • a disadvantage of these processes are that they give a high sulfur content prereduced (0.3-0.6% w / w S).
  • fine metal will be understood to mean all kinds of products comprising partially oxidized metallic iron.
  • the metallic fines represent iron ore particles, waste particles of all kinds containing partially oxidized iron and in particular dust from blast furnace and electric ovens, straws or calamine particles (iron oxides formed during reheating or rolling), rolling sludge or machining etc.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a method for producing optimized cast.
  • WO-A-00 79 012 discloses all these features.
  • the proposed method uses the electric arc furnace in a process very particular, consisting of charging prereduced metal fines hot (preferably directly at the outlet of the reduction furnace, that is to say at a temperature above 500 ° C and particularly preferably between 800 and 1100 ° C) and working on a cast iron foot topped with a layer of non-foaming liquid slag.
  • Bath foot stirring can by injecting a neutral gas (nitrogen, argon) through the oven floor and / or by injecting oxygen-containing gas by means of one or more spears.
  • the bathing foot is very strongly stirred by gas injection. This brewing very energetic makes it possible to homogenize in temperature the bath + metal milk and renew the surface of the slag layer so that it remains overheated and well liquid, and able to absorb prereduced metal fines without these do not solidify and form an impassable crust.
  • the flow of the inert gas in the proposed process is preferably between 50 l / min. t. (liters per minute and per ton of liquid metal in the bath) and 150 l / min. t.
  • the brewing rate is between 80 and 120 l / min.t. These flows are to be adjusted according to the height of the bathing foot and the number and position of injection points. This high brewing rate is unrelated to the common practice in electric arc furnace. Indeed, the brewing rate in the conventional processes for producing steel in an electric arc furnace is in the range of 1 to 10 l / min.t and is intended only to homogenize the bath and to regulate metallurgical results and temperature.
  • the metal bath foot must have a certain minimum height, preferably a height of at least 0.3 m, to ensure an energetic mixing of the molten metal bath. Care must be taken avoid that the injection of the brewing gas through the oven hearth simply a "hole" through the metal bath, without putting it energetically in motion.
  • this minimum height may vary depending on the configuration of the electric arc furnace and the location of the gas injection means which are preferably porous bricks or nozzles.
  • gas injection means of brewing are positioned near the outer edge of the hearth of the electric arc furnace, that is to say laterally at the bottom of the bath, so as to bring back to the zone warmer central, located between the electrodes, fine metal particles pre-reduced remaining or tending to agglomerate at the edge of the oven.
  • stirring the foot bath is performed by injecting oxygen-containing gas by means of one or several injectors.
  • oxygen-containing gas called by the "primary oxygen”
  • this oxygen-containing gas By injecting this oxygen-containing gas (called by the "primary oxygen") in the foot of bath by means of a penetrating jet, it is form bubbles of CO gas by reaction with the C of the cast iron. This release of CO in the liquid metal creates turbulence that ensures a mixing vigorous foot bath and slag.
  • prereduced metal fines In order to protect the prereduced metal fines during their fall in the furnace, they are surrounded by a curtain of inert gas, preferably nitrogen or argon.
  • the curtain of inert gas preferably annular in shape, makes it possible to minimize the lateral flight of the particles by the suction of the oven and the reoxidation of the prereduced metal fines before these reach the slag layer or the bathing foot respectively.
  • a flow rate of nitrogen of the order of 50 Nm 3 / h at 200 ° Nm 3 / h is preferably used to form the protective curtain and thus to protect the transfer of approximately 10 to 60 t / h of metal fines.
  • prereduced compounds comprising of the order of 50% Fe metallized at a rate of between 60 and 100%. These values depend on many factors such as furnace geometry, drop height of fines, turbulence inside the electric arc furnace etc. and must be adapted accordingly.
  • the transfer of the prereduced metal fines is carried out in the central region of the electric arc furnace, located between the electrodes.
  • coal is preferably blended. a diameter of between 2 and 20 mm with very small metallic fines before charging in the electric arc furnace.
  • the amount of coal put depends on the amount of carbon contained in the metal fines pre-reduced. It is intended to have a carbon excess of between 7% and 15% and preferably close to 10%. In this way, it is possible to get a cast to 3-3.5% C, 0.01 - 0.05% Si and 0.03 - 0.06% S depending on the S content of the coal.
  • agents are additionally added. slag formation during step a) and / or step b).
  • These training agents slag are preferably selected from the group consisting of lime, and magnesia, and their mixtures.
  • the excess carbon at the end of step a) is advantageously between 7% and 15% and preferably close to 10%.
  • the solid carbon reductant is selected from coal or petroleum products liquid or solid.
  • the volatile fractions contained in the reductant carbon dioxide are removed during their stay inside the multi-stage furnace, the sulfur also partly.
  • excess carbon is consumed during step d). Moreover, excess free carbon is useful for terminating the reduction reactions and for carburize the cast iron.
  • This objective is achieved by a process for producing molten iron in a electric arc furnace described above in which are arranged one or more post-combustion lances, - possibly associated with one or more injectors primary oxygen - constituting burners of comparable power to those of electric arcs.
  • injectors deliver jets of afterburner gas preferably between arcs, particularly preferred on the circle of electrodes ("electrode pitch circle").
  • the afterburner gas jets in such a way as to push the slag into the central part of the electric arc furnace between the electrodes.
  • the strong turbulence in the slag overheated in this region can increase the flow of fine metal without risking the formation of crusts.
  • the turbulence in the slag are created rather indirectly by the brewing of the foot bath by injecting neutral gas through the hearth of the electric arc furnace and / or by injecting primary oxygen into the bath foot by means of one or several injectors. Injecting afterburner gas directly into the slag layer allows better control and orientation of the movements of slag in the electric arc furnace, accelerate the melting of fine metal and to minimize the risk of unmelted metal fines being pushed and glued to the wall as well.
  • One of the advantages of the present method is that the operation of both reactors is optimized. Indeed, the fact of producing a pre-reduced product comprising a free carbon excess increases the speed of reduction and increases the rate of metallization.
  • Fig.1 illustrates a schematic sectional view of an electric arc furnace for the production of liquid iron according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 It shows an electric arc furnace 10 comprising a tank 12 surmounted of a cover 14 through which three electrodes 16 penetrate. These electrodes 16 are capable of producing arcs of about twenty centimeters and one power of about 4 MW each. In the middle of these three electrodes 16 is placed the transfer device 18 prereduced metal fines. These measures 18 comprises on the one hand a fall to transfer the prereduced metal fines in the oven 12 and on the other hand an injection nozzle for injecting a curtain of nitrogen 20 surrounding the prereduced metal fines during their fall in the oven.
  • the point of impact of the prereduced metal fines is between the three electrodes 16, that is to say at the hottest part of the electric arc furnace 12. moment of impact on the slag layer 22 non-foaming supernatant bath of liquid metal 24, the prereduced metal fines are immediately integrated in it and melt quickly.
  • the sole 26 of the tank 12 is provided with several porous bricks 28 by which is injected a high flow of mixing gas 30. Turbulence created by the injection of this gas 30 through the liquid bath 24 prevents the Precured metal fines do not agglomerate and form crusts.
  • Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of an electric arc furnace for production of liquid iron according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a top view of this electric arc furnace.
  • the afterburner lances 32 each inject a jet of oxygen of post-combustion 36 or secondary oxygen in the slag layer 22.
  • These jets of secondary oxygen 36 are softer, less penetrating than jets primary oxygen 34 and burn the CO emanating from the bathing foot 24 following the injection of primary oxygen. CO is therefore burned inside the slag layer 22. This leads to local overheating of the slag.
  • the jets of post-combustion oxygen 36 are oriented to print to the slag impulses opposed to those of the arches, in order to reinforce the mixing of the slag and to flow back the slag towards the center of the electric arc furnace.
  • the production of 54 or 57 t / h of DRI at 60% metallization could be provided by a furnace with a capacity of 50% of the capacity that would be needed to produce 50 t / h of DRI 90% metallized.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
EP02719871A 2001-02-23 2002-02-20 Procede de production de fonte liquide dans un four electrique Expired - Lifetime EP1383933B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU90735 2001-02-23
LU90735A LU90735B1 (fr) 2001-02-23 2001-02-23 Proc-d- de production de fonte liquide
LU90788 2001-06-13
LU90788A LU90788B1 (fr) 2001-06-13 2001-06-13 Procédé de production de fonte liquide dans un four électrique
PCT/EP2002/001749 WO2002068700A1 (fr) 2001-02-23 2002-02-20 Procede de production de fonte liquide dans un four electrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1383933A1 EP1383933A1 (fr) 2004-01-28
EP1383933B1 true EP1383933B1 (fr) 2005-05-18

Family

ID=26640378

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02719871A Expired - Lifetime EP1383933B1 (fr) 2001-02-23 2002-02-20 Procede de production de fonte liquide dans un four electrique

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US7169205B2 (es)
EP (1) EP1383933B1 (es)
JP (1) JP4212895B2 (es)
AU (1) AU2002250975B2 (es)
BR (1) BR0207370B1 (es)
CA (1) CA2437254C (es)
DE (2) DE60204221T2 (es)
ES (1) ES2215498T3 (es)
RU (1) RU2268308C2 (es)
WO (1) WO2002068700A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6875251B2 (en) * 2002-05-15 2005-04-05 Hatch Ltd. Continuous steelmaking process
EP1983066A1 (fr) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-22 Paul Wurth S.A. Procédé de récupération du molybdène, du nickel, du cobalt ou de leurs mélanges à partir de catalyseurs usés ou régénérés
EP1997919A1 (fr) * 2007-05-24 2008-12-03 Paul Wurth S.A. Procédé de valorisation de résidus riches en zinc et en sulfates
JP5166804B2 (ja) * 2007-09-19 2013-03-21 株式会社神戸製鋼所 溶鉄製造方法
JP5166805B2 (ja) * 2007-09-19 2013-03-21 株式会社神戸製鋼所 アーク加熱による溶鉄製造方法
US8532158B2 (en) * 2007-11-17 2013-09-10 Inductotherm Corp. Melting and mixing of materials in a crucible by electric induction heel process
US20160326606A1 (en) * 2014-01-31 2016-11-10 Saudi Basic Industries Corporation Methods for producing improved steels by injecting iron containing by-products of an iron ore production process into liquid steel
ITUA20163986A1 (it) * 2016-05-31 2017-12-01 Tenova Spa Metodo ed apparato per la produzione di ghisa, ghisa prodotta secondo detto metodo
CN111263821B (zh) * 2017-10-23 2022-01-11 日本制铁株式会社 电炉及含氧化铁铁原料的熔解及还原方法
RU2734215C1 (ru) * 2020-04-16 2020-10-13 Автономная некоммерческая организация «Научно-исследовательский институт проблем экологии» Способ выплавки чугуна в доменной печи
WO2023204069A1 (ja) * 2022-04-22 2023-10-26 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 直接還元鉄の溶解方法、固体鉄および固体鉄の製造方法ならびに土木建築用資材および土木建築用資材の製造方法
WO2023204063A1 (ja) * 2022-04-22 2023-10-26 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 直接還元鉄の溶解方法、固体鉄および固体鉄の製造方法、土木建築用資材および土木建築用資材の製造方法ならびに直接還元鉄の溶解システム

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1285711A (fr) * 1961-04-05 1962-02-23 Elektrokemisk As Procédé de fabrication de fonte dans un four électrique
SE371651C (sv) * 1973-03-30 1976-11-25 Asea Ab Sett och anordning for smeltreduktion
GB8516143D0 (en) * 1985-06-26 1985-07-31 British Steel Corp Melting of metals
AT400245B (de) * 1993-12-10 1995-11-27 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren und anlage zum herstellen einer eisenschmelze
US5912916A (en) * 1995-05-01 1999-06-15 Alabama Power Company Electric furnace with insulated electrodes and process for producing molten metals
AT405054B (de) * 1997-06-18 1999-05-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren und anlage zum herstellen einer eisenschmelze unter einsatz von eisenhältigen hüttenwerksreststoffen
DE19744151C5 (de) * 1997-10-07 2004-08-26 Outokumpu Oyj Verfahren zum Schmelzen von feinkörnigem, direkt reduziertem Eisen in einem Elektrolichtbogenofen
LU90406B1 (fr) * 1999-06-21 2000-12-22 Wurth Paul Sa Proc-d- de production de fonte liquide
AUPQ205799A0 (en) * 1999-08-05 1999-08-26 Technological Resources Pty Limited A direct smelting process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4212895B2 (ja) 2009-01-21
DE02719871T1 (de) 2004-07-15
US7169205B2 (en) 2007-01-30
RU2003127390A (ru) 2005-03-27
RU2268308C2 (ru) 2006-01-20
EP1383933A1 (fr) 2004-01-28
BR0207370A (pt) 2004-06-22
ES2215498T3 (es) 2005-10-16
WO2002068700A1 (fr) 2002-09-06
BR0207370B1 (pt) 2010-08-10
CA2437254A1 (fr) 2002-09-06
JP2004521188A (ja) 2004-07-15
ES2215498T1 (es) 2004-10-16
DE60204221T2 (de) 2006-02-02
CA2437254C (fr) 2009-06-30
US20040060389A1 (en) 2004-04-01
AU2002250975B2 (en) 2006-11-23
DE60204221D1 (de) 2005-06-23

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