EP1376506B1 - Simulateur de fumée pour réglage de sensibilité de détecteurs de fumée - Google Patents

Simulateur de fumée pour réglage de sensibilité de détecteurs de fumée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1376506B1
EP1376506B1 EP03011662A EP03011662A EP1376506B1 EP 1376506 B1 EP1376506 B1 EP 1376506B1 EP 03011662 A EP03011662 A EP 03011662A EP 03011662 A EP03011662 A EP 03011662A EP 1376506 B1 EP1376506 B1 EP 1376506B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
simulation body
body according
prismatoid
smoke
principal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03011662A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1376506A1 (fr
Inventor
Heiner Politze
Tido Krippendorf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novar GmbH
Original Assignee
Novar GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Novar GmbH filed Critical Novar GmbH
Publication of EP1376506A1 publication Critical patent/EP1376506A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1376506B1 publication Critical patent/EP1376506B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/12—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems
    • G08B29/14—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems checking the detection circuits
    • G08B29/145—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems checking the detection circuits of fire detection circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a smoke simulation body with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a simulation body is known from EP-A-0 660 283. It has the shape of a plane-parallel plate made of opaque, translucent plastic with admixed soot particles. If one considers the plate as a prismatoid, its center axis lies in or parallel to the plane spanned by the main beam axes of the transmitting LED and of the photoreceiver.
  • the plate can only be used to calibrate smoke detectors that evaluate the forward scattered radiation. It bisects the angle enclosed by the principal axes of radiation. The latter also has the disadvantage that a considerable part of the radiation generated by the transmission LED is reflected at the inlet-side large surface of the plate and another part at the outlet-side surface of the plate.
  • Another smoke simulation body is known from EP-B 0658264 and consists of silicone rubber, in the scattering centers aluminum oxide particles with a grain diameter of 30 to 50 ⁇ m are evenly distributed firmly enclosed. It is disadvantageous that it is not a commercial but one for the intended purpose specially manufactured material is, which is also initially in liquid form and therefore must be poured into a mold and cured, whereby the dimensional stability of the simulation body can suffer. In addition, due to the circular segment-like geometry of the simulation body, interfering reflections of the irradiated radiation influencing the adjustment value occur inside or at outer boundary surfaces of the simulation body. Above all, it has been shown that the known simulation body is only suitable for the adjustment of such smoke detectors, which are based on the principle of backward scattering.
  • the smoke density is based on determines the intensity of this backscatter radiation, which is measured by means of a photoreceiver, which usually consists of a photodiode or a phototransistor:
  • this hypothetical simulation body would first have to be inserted into the measurement chamber to adjust the sensitivity of the detector in the forward scatter direction and in a second step the known simulation body would have to enter the measurement chamber can be used to adjust the sensitivity in the backward direction.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a smoke simulation body of the type mentioned in the introduction, which is suitable for the adjustment of all types of scattered light smoke detectors, i. those which evaluate the forward scattered radiation, those which evaluate the backscatter radiation and, above all, those which evaluate both stray radiation directions.
  • L 20 °, L 70 ° and L 5 ° are the intensities of the scattered light measured at the given angles.
  • the transparent material has a back scattering power of ⁇ back between about 0.05 and about 0.01 (claim 2).
  • ⁇ reset L 160 ° + L 110 ° 2 ⁇ L 5 °
  • the transparent material may in particular be polymethyl methacrylate (claim 3).
  • a suitable material in which the scattering centers of colorant particles having a diameter of less than 10 ⁇ m is made, for example available under the trade designation "GREEN Plexiglas GS 777" by the company Röhm.
  • a material with the specified throwing power in the backward scattering direction provides a sufficiently strong signal without the signal in the forward scattering direction being so strong that the corresponding photoreceiver saturates, provided that the geometry of the simulation body satisfies conditions Falsifications of the measured intensities of the scattered signals Minimized by interference reflections of the irradiated by the transmission LED radiation at interfaces of the simulation body.
  • the (at least one) transmission LED facing light entrance surface of the prismatoid at least at the piercing point of the main beam axis of the transmission LED is perpendicular to this main beam axis and the (at least one) photoreceiver facing light exit surface at least in the puncture point of Main beam axis of the photoreceptor perpendicular to this main beam axis is (claim 5).
  • both the radiation emitted by the transmitting LED and the radiation emanating from the scattering centers have spherically curved wavefronts, ideally the light entry surface (s) and / or the light exit surface (s) are spherically curved in a corresponding manner such that all surface elements are at right angles to the corresponding secondary beam directions (claim 6). Although this succeeds only approximately, but minimizes the diffraction phenomena occurring on the surfaces concerned.
  • the dimensions of the prismatic so that the by the intersection of the spatial radiation angle of the transmission LED (s) with the spatial receiving angle of / the photoreceiver (s) defined, approximately Spherical measuring volume is completely in the interior of the prismatoid (claim 8).
  • This provision relates in particular to the height of the prismatoid corresponding to the length of its central axis, which is limited by the height of the detector. If necessary, care must be taken to ensure that the spherical measuring volume has a diameter which is smaller than the height of the simulation body, so that the measuring volume covers the upper and the lower large area of the.
  • Suitable materials for the prismatoid are usually in the form of plates whose thickness is less than the height of the prismatoid required for the aforementioned reasons.
  • the prismatoid can then consist of two plates bonded together (claim 11). The plates are arranged parallel to the plane spanned by the main beam axes of the transmission LED and the photoreceiver.
  • Another measure to minimize spurious reflections is to arrange on the lower and the upper large surface of the prismatid each an absorbent cover plate (claim 12). On the one hand, this is better for absorbing radiation scattered in the direction of the lower and the upper large surface of the prismatoid than the coating of these surfaces with absorbent lacquer alone and on the other hand the possibility of ensuring, by suitable choice of the thickness, in particular of the lower cover plate, that the center of the measuring volume of the simulation body accurately fitted in the detector lies in the plane spanned by the main beam axes of the transmitting LED and the photoreceiver.
  • the scattered light smoke detector shown in Fig. 1 comprises a base plate 1, under which the not interesting here, known addressing, measuring and evaluation located.
  • a first transmission LED 2 with the main beam direction A, a second transmission LED 3 with the main beam direction B and a photoreceiver 4 with the main beam axis C are arranged.
  • the main beam axes A, B and C intersect approximately at a point D which is the center of the spherical measurement volume. This measuring volume is accessible from the outside for the entry of smoke.
  • the transmission LED 2 radiates pulses in the measuring volume.
  • the photoreceptor 4 measures the radiation emitted to smoke particles in the forward direction below e.g. 40 ° is scattered.
  • the photoreceiver 4 measures the radiation irradiated by the transmission LED 3 in a pulse-wise manner into the measurement volume from the transmission LED 3, that part which is incident on the smoke particles in the reverse direction, ie. at an angle of about 110 °, is scattered.
  • the latter and the Fotoemp briefly sit respectively in tubes 2a, 3a and 4a.
  • profiled bodies 5, 6 and 7 are arranged on the base plate 1 as light traps. These serve as positioning aids for a smoke simulation body 10, which is used to test and, if necessary, to adjust the sensitivity of the detector nor its production.
  • the detector shown only by way of example operates with two transmitting LEDs which emit time-displaced infrared pulses into the measuring volume.
  • This solution requires fewer components and less space for the electronics than the equally possible design with only one transmitter LED and two photoreceivers, on the other hand has the advantage that the forward scattering and the backward scattering exactly the same time measured and evaluated.
  • the simulation body 10 has the shape of a straight prismatoid with the light entry surfaces 11 and 12 and the light exit surface 13.
  • the side surfaces 21, 22 and 23 opposite these surfaces and the remaining side surfaces 24 and 25 are provided with one in this one Representation indicated by dashed lines, light-absorbing, black paint 30 coated.
  • the surfaces opposite the light entry or exit surfaces are parallel to the former, which minimizes spurious reflections of the irradiated radiation on the surfaces mentioned and, in particular, spurious reflections in the direction of the light exit surface 13 are largely suppressed.
  • the actual simulation body consists of two plates 14, 15 glued together. They are made of a substantially transparent polymethyl methacrylate with a light scattering capacity ⁇ and ⁇ back of about 0.08 each. These are extremely small values that are not normally used technically.
  • the two plates 14, 15 are glued together by means of a two-component polymerization adhesive. This has approximately the same refractive index as the plates themselves.
  • light-absorbing cover plates 16 and 17, which have the same refractive index as the plates 14 and 15, are adhesively bonded to the lower and upper areas of the simulation body.
  • Fig. 4 shows the layered structure of the complete smoke simulation body.
  • Fig. 5 shows an enlarged view, for example, the transmission LED 3 in conjunction with a modified embodiment of the simulation body in the form of a section of the side surface 12.
  • the view can be viewed both as a top view and as a side view.
  • these and all other side surfaces are plane surfaces which thus produce interference reflections at the interface between the air and the material of the simulation body except at the penetration point E of the main beam axis B of the transmission LED 3, in this embodiment the light entrance surface 12a spherically curved so that it approximately follows the course of the approximately spherical wavefront emitted by the transmitting LED 3 infrared light, so that in an idealized view, the secondary beam axes, such as B1, incident on the corresponding partial surface of the light entry surface 12a at a right angle, whereby in different directions reflected and / or diffracted interference radiation is further minimized.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Corps fumigène de simulation sous forme d'un prismatoïde droit dans le volume duquel sont noyés des centres de diffusion, du type destiné à être placé dans la chambre de mesure de détecteurs de fumée à diffusion de lumière, avec au moins une LED émettrice (2, 3) et au moins un récepteur photo (4), caractérisé en ce que le prismatoïde est réalisé en un matériau sensiblement transparent d'un pouvoir diffusant σ compris entre 0,05 et 0,1 et que l'axe central du prismatoïde est perpendiculaire au plan compris entre les axes de rayonnement principaux (A, B, C) de la LED émettrice (2, 3) et du récepteur photo (4).
  2. Corps de simulation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau transparent a un pouvoir rétrodiffusant σrétro compris entre environ 0,05 et environ 0,1.
  3. Corps de simulation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le matériau transparent est du polyméthyle-métacrylate.
  4. Corps de simulation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le matériau transparent est du polycarbonate.
  5. Corps de simulation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la surface de pénétration de la lumière (11, 12) du prismatoïde (10) tournée vers l'(au moins une) LED émettrice (2, 3) est perpendiculaire à cet axe de rayonnement central (A, B) de la LED émettrice (2, 3) du moins au point de traverse de cet axe de rayonnement central et que la surface de sortie de la lumière (13) tournée vers l' (au moins) un récepteur photo (4) est perpendiculaire à l'axe de rayonnement central du récepteur photo (4) du moins au point de traverse de cet axe de rayonnement central.
  6. Corps de simulation selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la ou les surface(s) de pénétration de la lumière (12a) et/ou la ou les surface(s) de sortie de la lumière présentent une courbe sphérique.
  7. Corps de simulation selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces de pénétration et de sortie de la lumière (11, 12, 13) du prismatoïde (10) sont perpendiculaires aux axes de rayonnement principaux respectifs (A, B, C) de la ou des LED émettrice(s) ou du/des récepteur(s) photo.
  8. Corps de simulation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les dimensions du prismatoide (10) sont choisies de sorte que le volume de mesure approximativement globulaire défini par l'intersection entre l'angle d'émission spatial de la ou des LED(s) émettrices et de l'angle de réception spatial du ou des récepteur(s) photo est entièrement situé à l'intérieur du prismatoïde.
  9. Corps de simulation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que, à l'exception des surfaces de pénétration et de sortie de la lumière, toutes les surfaces latérales (21 à 25) au moins sont revêtues d'un vernis absorbant (30).
  10. Corps de simulation selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le vernis (30) est un vernis acrylique à base d'eau.
  11. Corps de simulation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le prismatoïde (10) est constitué par deux plaques (14, 15) collées ensemble.
  12. Corps de simulation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'une plaque de recouvrement absorbante (16, 17) est disposée sur chacune des grandes surfaces inférieure et supérieure du prismatoïde (10).
  13. Corps de simulation selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le matériau des plaques de recouvrement (16, 17) a le même indice de réfraction que le matériau du prismatoïde (10).
  14. Corps de simulation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les plaques (14 à 17) sont collées ensemble au moyen d'une colle à polymérisation à deux composantes.
EP03011662A 2002-06-20 2003-05-22 Simulateur de fumée pour réglage de sensibilité de détecteurs de fumée Expired - Lifetime EP1376506B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10227614 2002-06-20
DE10227614A DE10227614B4 (de) 2002-06-20 2002-06-20 Rauchsimulationskörper zum Abgleichen von Streulichtrauchmeldern

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1376506A1 EP1376506A1 (fr) 2004-01-02
EP1376506B1 true EP1376506B1 (fr) 2006-07-05

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EP03011662A Expired - Lifetime EP1376506B1 (fr) 2002-06-20 2003-05-22 Simulateur de fumée pour réglage de sensibilité de détecteurs de fumée

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EP (1) EP1376506B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE332551T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10227614B4 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3392855B1 (fr) * 2017-04-19 2021-10-13 Siemens Schweiz AG Procédé et dispositif destinés à aligner un détecteur de fumée
US20190346595A1 (en) * 2018-05-14 2019-11-14 Excelitas Canada, Inc. Smoke Simulator Test Structure Device and Method
EP3894838A1 (fr) 2018-12-11 2021-10-20 Carrier Corporation Étalonnage d'un détecteur optique
US11879840B2 (en) 2018-12-11 2024-01-23 Carrier Corporation Calibration of an optical detector using a micro-flow chamber
EP3894837B1 (fr) 2018-12-11 2024-04-10 Carrier Corporation Étalonnage d'un détecteur optique
CN111951514A (zh) * 2020-08-03 2020-11-17 深圳职业技术学院 一种基于图像识别的烟雾检测装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4144459A (en) * 1977-11-29 1979-03-13 Chloride Incorporated Smoke detector with test means for simulating a predetermined percentage of smoke
JP2722362B2 (ja) * 1992-03-27 1998-03-04 三井金属鉱業株式会社 粒子または欠陥の大きさ情報の測定方法および装置
US5497144A (en) * 1993-07-07 1996-03-05 Cerberus Ag Testing and adjustment of scattered-light smoke detectors
JP3251407B2 (ja) * 1993-12-22 2002-01-28 能美防災株式会社 光電式火災感知器および調整装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1376506A1 (fr) 2004-01-02
DE50304123D1 (de) 2006-08-17
DE10227614A1 (de) 2004-01-15
DE10227614B4 (de) 2006-04-20
ATE332551T1 (de) 2006-07-15

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