EP1375813B1 - Heatable shade systems - Google Patents

Abstract

A shading system comprises an inner (2) and an outer (3) plate forming an intermediate space (23) containing a lamellar venetian blind (12) with long axes swivelable into raised or lowered position to shade a room. One of the plates above can be electrically heated.

Description

The invention relates to a shading system according to the preamble of claim 1.

In construction and facade technology, glazing systems are increasingly being used, which take on demanding tasks beyond the mere glazing function. There are known systems with which the natural sunlight can be rejected (shading). This is mainly relevant in the summer months. In addition, an increasing effort has been made to use glazing systems for space heating during the winter months and during the transitional period.

For the shading louvre blinds, as they are eg in the German patent application DE 39 04 763 A1 and in the European patent application EP 0 984 131 A1 are described.

EP 0 984 131 A discloses a shading system according to the preamble of claim 1.

It is the object of the invention to provide a glazing system with which both the shading and the heating of a room is possible.

This object is achieved with a shading system according to claim 1. Advantageous developments of the system according to the invention are described in the subclaims.

An inventive shading system comprises an inner disc and an outer disc, which form a first disc space, and arranged in the first disc space slatted blind with pivotable about its longitudinal axis and optionally additionally raised and lowered slats with which the interior of a room is shaded. At least one of the discs - preferably the inner disc - is provided with an electric heater.

According to the invention, the slats are pivotable and optionally additionally raised and lowered. This design takes into account the fact that in practice practically every user of a blind wishes pivotable slats whose lifting and lowering ability is only required in about 70 to 80% of the applications. In the case of a Venetian blind, a state of maximum shading results if its plate pack is extended downwards and the individual plates are turned against the sun. By stepwise turning the slats, the shading can be selectively reduced until the slats are horizontal. Starting from this state, a start-up of the slats only results in a slight further decrease in shading, which usually does not matter in practice. A ramp-up of the slats usually has only the aesthetic benefit that the horizontal slats disappear from the field of vision.

According to a preferred embodiment, the inner pane is made up of two individual panes, with a single pane adjoining the shadable space and the other single pane adjacent to the first pane spacing, and the individual panes being connected to a laminated glass unit with a bonding layer disposed therebetween. The heating takes place in this embodiment by embedded in the connecting layer electrical Heating wires. In marketed products of this type, the individual discs with the connecting layer and the heating wires are connected to each other so that they are practically invisible to the naked eye. The production takes place by stacking elastic films, preferably of PVB (polyvinyl butyral), in which heating wires are embedded, and slices of float glass and a subsequent thermal treatment of this composite under pressure in an autoclave.

This construction gives the shading system the properties of laminated safety glass. Safety-relevant is the property of laminated glass to not break into small pieces when impacted. Although occurring jumps run over the affected individual disc, the inner disc is held together by the connecting layer and remains in their overall structure. A stabilizing element may be arranged between the individual panes, preferably in the form of a layer of transparent hardened cast resin or of transparent plastic, for example of PVB (polyvinyl butyral). This layer connects the two individual panes and expands the system of laminated safety glass.

On the basis of the described construction with an inner disk made up of two individual disks, in another preferred embodiment the individual disks can also be spaced apart from one another and form a second space between the panes. In this embodiment, the heating takes place by means of an electrically conductive surface coating which is applied to that surface of the single pane adjoining the shadable space, which adjoins the second space between the panes. As a result, the heat generated by the heating radiates toward the inside of the shadable space. The surface coating is preferably a hard coating of fluorine-doped or indium-doped tin oxide.

In this embodiment as well, a stabilizing element can be arranged between the individual disks, wherein a completely or partially circumferential spacer is preferred.

In all of the described embodiments, the surface of the outer disk adjacent the first disk space may carry a heat-reflecting layer. This embodiment is particularly preferred because it prevents heat losses by radiation to the outside. In particular, in this way the energy generated by the electric heater is largely completely supplied to the shadable space. The use of this energy is 90% or more. Preference is given to soft coatings based on precious metals, which are produced by the magnetron sputtering process.

The terms "gas" and "gas-tight" should in the context of this description and in the protection claims relate both to normal atmospheric air and inert gases, which are used in the glazing technique for heat and / or sound insulation. Such protective gases are noble gases such as argon (Ar), krypton (Kr) and xenon (Xe) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF ₆ ) or mixtures thereof.

The possible uses and advantages of the shading and light-guiding system according to the invention ( _" system" for short) are described below.

The fundamental advantage of an electric heater with window panes lies in the rapid availability of heat energy. The system has - in contrast to all other types of heating - virtually no delay time. Not only is the heat quickly available, it also results in a way that eliminates the need for traditional radiators. Both serve the well-being and quality of life of the resident.

Another advantage is the ability to influence the climatic conditions by installing a system according to the invention as a window or in a facade. In the summer months, the internal venetian blind can control the heat and light flow. In the winter months and in the Übergangsheizperiode can be generated with the heated disc heat, their fast availability has already been mentioned. In the transitional heating period is especially an additional heating in question. This heat is available in the building, where traditionally the largest heat losses occur.

The disc heating prevents the condensation of moisture and misting of the glass surfaces. The heat energy generated arises as pure heat radiation and reaches the space either directly or after reflection at the preferably used heat-reflecting layer of the outer pane. Convection is therefore largely dispensed with. The heating is therefore practically without drafts and without transport of dust particles and makes a contribution to the room hygiene. This effect is particularly important in the field of medicine, for example in operating rooms, sterile rooms and medical practices. He also plays a role in clean rooms in which microelectronic products are manufactured.

Fig. 1:

einen Querschnitt durch eine Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Beschattungssystems;

Fig. 2:

eine schematische Darstellung der Heizung bei einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung und

Fig. 3:

eine schematische Darstellung der Heizung bei einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung.

Further features, advantages and possible applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments in conjunction with the drawings; show it:

Fig. 1:

a cross section through an embodiment of a shading system according to the invention;

Fig. 2:

a schematic representation of the heater in a first embodiment of the invention and

3:

a schematic representation of the heater in a second embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of the shading system 1 according to the invention in section (hereafter "system"). Shown are the venetian blind 12 with the slats 13, which is arranged between two panes 2, 3. Disc 2 forms the inner, disc 3, the outer disc. The Venetian blind 12 is taken by a spacer 4, which consists of four pieces. These form a first interpane space 22. Shown in Fig. 1 also a seal 23, which extends around all four sides of the discs 2, 3 and the system gas-tight.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the heating of the shading system according to the invention according to a first embodiment. It can be seen that the inner pane 2 is made up of two individual panes 30, 31, wherein the single pane 30 adjoins the shadable space and the other single pane 31 adjoins the first pan space 22. The shadable space is located to the left of the inner pane 2. The individual panes 30, 31 are connected to a connecting layer 33 arranged between them to form a laminated glass unit. To simplify the drawing, further details such as the Venetian blind 12, fins 13 and the like. Not shown. The heating takes place by electric heating wires 32, which are embedded in the connecting layer 33. So it is the inner pane 2 heated.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of the heating of the shading system according to the invention according to a second embodiment of the shading system according to the invention. Again, the inner disc 2 of two individual discs 30, 31 constructed. A single disk 30 in turn adjoins the shadable space and the other individual disk 31 to the first disc space 22. The shadable space is also located to the left of the inner pane 2. The individual panes 30, 31 are here spaced from each other and form a second space between the panes 35th

The heating is effected by an electrically conductive surface coating 34. This is applied to a surface of the adjoining the shadable space single disc 30, on the surface adjacent to the second disc space 35. It is thus between the surface coating 34 and the other single disc 31 is still a layer in the form of the second disc space 35, which consists of the filling gas used. This arrangement causes the heat generated by the heating is largely completely in the direction of the interior of the shadable space - in the drawing so in the direction of the left - is emitted.

As already mentioned and described in detail, the surface of the outer pane 3 adjoining the first space between the panes 22 can carry a heat-reflecting layer.

Shown are in FIGS. 2 and 3 also electrodes 36 for power supply or for connecting the voltage. Possible are quasi punctiform electrodes with a relatively small area or more band-shaped electrodes, with which the voltage can be applied over a correspondingly larger area. With the size of the electrodes (edge closure or surface connection), the current distribution can be controlled via the heated disk.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

shading system

2

inner disc

3

outer disc

4

spacer

12

Venetian blind

13

slats

22

first disc space

23

sealing

30, 31

Single discs

32

heating wires

33

link layer

34

surface coating

35

second disc space

36

electrode

Claims (9)

1. Shading system (1), comprising
   an inner pane (2) and an outer pane (3), which form a first inter-pane space (22);
   a lamellar blind (12) disposed within the first inter-pane space (22) with lamellae (13) capable of being rotated about their longitudinal axes and, optionally, additionally capable of being raised and lowered, with which the interior of the room can be shaded; and
   a seal (23) which extends around all four sides of the panes (2, 3) enclosing the system in a gas-tight manner,
   characterised in that
   at least one of the panes (2, 3) is provided with an electric heater.
2. Shading system (1) according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the inner pane is provided with an electric heater.
3. Shading system (1) according to claim 2,
   characterised in that
   the inner pane (2) is composed of two individual panes (30, 31), wherein one individual pane (30) is disposed adjacent to the room to be shaded, and the other individual pane (31) is disposed adjacent to the first inter-pane space (22), and wherein the individual panes (30, 31) are connected by a connecting layer (33) disposed between them to form a composite-glass unit, and that the heating is implemented by electric-heating wires (32) embedded in the connecting layer (33).
4. Shading system (1) according to claim 2,
   characterised in that
   the inner pane (2) is composed of two individual panes (30, 31), wherein one individual pane (30) is disposed adjacent to the room to be shaded, and the other individual pane (31) is disposed adjacent to the first inter-pane space (22), and wherein the individual panes (30, 31) are disposed at a distance from one another and form a second inter-pane space (35), and that
   the heating is implemented by an electrically-conductive surface coating (34) applied to the surface of that individual pane (30) disposed adjacent to the room to be shaded, which is disposed adjacent to the second inter-pane space (35), wherein the heat generated by the heater is radiated in the direction towards the interior of the room to be shaded.
5. Shading system (1) according to claim 4,
   characterised in that
   the surface coating (34) is a hard coating of tin oxide doped with fluorine or indium.
6. Shading system (1) according to claim 3 or 4,
   characterised by
   a stabilising element disposed between the individual panes (30, 31).
7. Shading system (1) according to claim 6 in conjunction with claim 3,
   characterised in that
   the stabilising element is formed by a layer (35) of transparent, hardened cast resin or transparent synthetic material.
8. Shading system (1) according to claim 6 in conjunction with claim 4 or 5,
   characterised in that
   the stabilising element is formed by a spacing element.
9. Shading system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that
   the surface of the outer pane (3) disposed adjacent to the first inter-pane space (22) provides a thermally-reflective surface.

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