DE102004026900A1 - Grill for building roof, has grill allowing radiation to pass through in open condition while providing interchange of air and fins arranged behind window serve as light guiding units based on degrees of light permeability - Google Patents

Abstract

The grill has a set of mobile units with openings, where grill is equipped with thermal insulation. The grill allows radiation to pass through in open condition while providing interchange of air. A covering material is provided on an outer side of the grill. Fins arranged behind a window are inserted in an interface of a latch plate, where fins serve as light guiding units based on degrees of light permeability.

Description

The Invention relates to the principle, heat-insulating movable elements using high performance insulation such as e.g. Vacuum insulation systems movable outside in front of the building envelope for Purposes of temporary thermal protection use. Such elements can be translucent or opaque be.

It is known to be mobile in front of the façade elements such as shutters or blinds a certain temporary heat protection Offer by placing between facade (for example with window) and shop form a largely closed airspace and thereby the convection reduce.

Of the targeted use of thermally insulated elements with a high-performance insulation system like e.g. vacuum insulation elevated this effect many times over, so by optimizing the connections greater tightness and thus even lower convection is allowed. Especially will but so also the heat conduction and (with radiopaque Execution) thermal radiation and secondary radiation almost complete prevented.

Basically, too all kinds of rolling, folding, sliding shutters and the like by the Use of high-performance thermal insulation in the sense of the invention, once optimized for use in the day / night rhythm, on the other hand for seasonal use, e.g. only in winter.

These Optimized for thermal insulation Application is so far unknown and therefore new, because previous insulation materials used in one strength had to be to the desired To achieve an effect in lamellas, rolling, folding, sliding shutters or the like did not make sense appeared. Suitable high-performance insulation systems like vacuum insulation are by a factor of 5-10 more effective, that is, you can correspondingly thinner be used. This makes the application meaningful for the first time.

Of the However, use of such high-performance systems in slats offers a number of advantages over the use in folding or blinds or the like, which make sense, this invention to explain it by way of example. in principle are the aforementioned relationships but almost without exception also for other forms and elements are valid which are developed according to the same principles.

1.1. construction

Left out the building envelope, in particular ago Areas with openings, are arranged movable elements that are equipped with high performance thermal insulation are. Grant in open condition they radiation passage, Air exchange and outlook. When closed, they form one possible homogeneous closed thermal parting line, which is translucent or opaque formed can be.

These Facility for temporary heat protection will be explained below by way of example on a lamella construction.

there follows the illustrated outer shape known conventional fins, which are generally used for solar and / or glare protection and / or daylight steering are optimized. Naturally this can be adapted to the respective requirements. A meaningful provision the shape is as well dependent by the length, the thickness and the distance of the lamellae, the material used, here in particular of its reflection and absorption properties, from the statics, the expected external conditions, etc.

1.2. Heat-insulating core

The temporary thermal insulation system lamella has a core of open-celled, porous and thus evacuatable insulation material, which may be translucent or opaque, see k in 3 + 4 , For example, pyrogenic microporous silica powders or aerogels which can have a thermal conductivity between 4 and 10 mW / mK in a pressure range between 1 and 10 mbar can be used suitably. Under certain circumstances, the core can be pressed into a mold, for example by admixing glass fibers for processing.

1.3. Gas-tight envelope

The insulating core described in 1.2 is characterized by the highest possible gas-tight envelope material h in 3 + 4 trapped and evacuated. Again, this may be translucent or opaque. Suitable materials include, for example, metals, glass, or various types of high barrier films in which gas tightness is achieved either by metal foils, by metallization, by SiOx coatings, or by the use of suitable polymers.

1.4. Two principal variants

Basically two principal constructions possible, which are described below. The difference is less functional than manufacturing Nature. It is to be weighed depending on the individual application, which variant should be pursued.

1.4.1. version 1

The wrapping material from 1.3 simultaneously forms the outer skin of the lamella ( 3 ). The lamella itself thus forms a vacuum insulation system.

1.4.2. Variant 2

A vacuum insulation system made of evacuated core insulation in a gas-tight envelope h in 4 is from an independent lamellar construction hl in 4 surround. This variant allows the use of a shape-stabilizing lamella construction, for example, which does not have to meet the requirement for gas-tightness. In particular, 1.5 also applies here.

1.5. Thermic separation in the shell the slat

In the closed state, with relatively good heat-conducting casing material or lamella construction material, it is necessary to thermally separate it in the region of the outside-inside transition and to replace it at the connection point with a material which is relatively poor in heat conductivity, see FIG 3 + 4 , This technique itself is known from window frame construction.

The thermal separation must be geometrically exactly in the transition point outside-inside, as a rule, this point is located approximately in the middle of s in 3 + 4 ,

These Thermal separation can be omitted if the shell material over a sufficiently low thermal conductivity features.

in the Case 1.4.1 care should be taken that the thermal release material and the connections to the wrapping material must be made gas-tight.

1.6. overlap

In order to largely avoid thermal bridges in the area of impact with closed lamellae, it makes sense to overlap these: dimension s in 3 + 4 , This dimension is to be minimized under the selected boundary conditions, since, for example, geometrically causes a thermal weakening of the lateral edge connection, see b1 in FIG 2 ,

1.7. edge training

In addition to the task of mounting and motion control of the slats, the edge formation is important to prevent the heat transfer in the transition of two fins on the side as much as possible. 2 shows the principle to be used: Basically, a distinction must be made between impact in the field (sm) and in the edge area (sr). (1), (2) and (3) show in section and in the view the slats in different opening states. Geometrically, the areas wd, which should be used for supplementary thermal insulation for the closed state. The areas b1 and b2 can not be used for geometric reasons, therefore, other complementary measures, such as brush seals should be used there to reduce convective heat losses to a minimum.

The Profiles sr and sm should best be thermally separated and / or out of one as bad as possible thermally conductive Material executed become.

1.8. Translucent and opaque slats

in the Meaning of broadening the range of use of the developed temporary thermal protection can translucent and opaque Variants are applied.

Translucent variants to lead to radiation entry into the building interior even when closed, thus promoting the so-called greenhouse effect. This can be used to generate solar profits. Overheating in the summer case is to be countered by suitable measures. Besides, they are such lamellae depending on the degree of light transmission as a shading system opaque Prefer variants because they lower the luminance contrast and thus lead to less glare can. They usually also reduce the need for artificial lighting, since themselves in the event of shading with complete closed lamellae still sufficient light, e.g. to work in the building interior can get.

1.9. Applications in general

1 shows the slats as an example in an application in front of an opening in a wall with a window. In addition, the slats can also be usefully used in front of all other types of closed and open facades and roofs.

The lamellas are particularly interesting for another reason: Due to the highly effective insulation in the lamellae, the effect of the soge called secondary radiation greatly reduced. If the fins are used as sunscreen, the side facing the sun is strongly heated by absorption. The insulation in the lamella prevents this heated material from giving off the energy on the back in the form of heat radiation to the interior, as is the case to a large extent with conventional, non-insulated lamellae.

This makes the invention especially in hot latitudes with high Day / night temperature contrasts interesting, because in addition to the meaningful application at night as described above, the application during the day too Significant gains in use compared to conventional slats leads.

2. Application examples

2.1. Embodiment according to 5

The thermal insulation Slats could in continuation of the thermal parting line in a mullion-transom façade be used. Behind it could a window can be arranged. For ventilation purposes are slats and windows open. The slats serve as shading and light-guiding elements. Depending on the degree of translucence can They are also used as a glare protection. Especially in cold winter nights The closed louvers can cause the building to cool down be reduced.

2.2. Embodiment according to 6

The thermal insulation Slats could in the form of a second-skin facade in front of a conventional fully glazed Facade to be arranged. Behind this, openings could be provided. For ventilation purposes slats and windows are opened. The opening degree the lamellae determines the air supply into the façade gap and depending on the degree of translucency also the measure for the outlook. The slats serve as shading and light-guiding elements. Depending on the degree of translucence can They are also used as a glare protection. Especially in cold winter nights The closed louvers can cause the building to cool down be reduced.

2.3. Embodiment according to 7

The thermal insulation Slats could in continuation of the thermal parting line in a mullion-transom façade be used. For ventilation purposes the slats are opened. The slats serve by the nature of their arrangement in the lower and Skylight area as a very effective and finely adjusted ventilation or outlets. This allows Qe for cleaning ability) on opening sash in the window area be waived.

Claims (3)

Principle of a temporary heat protection, marked through the use of high performance thermal insulation such as vacuum insulation in movable, translucent or opaque Elements outside in front of the building envelope with a for this Application in insulating Respects optimized training and attachment. A claim 1 corresponding application in the form of Slats as described. A claim 1 corresponding application in the form of moving shops, such as. Folding, sliding or roller shutters.