EP1369569A2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ansteuern von Startern an Verbrennungskraftmaschinen - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ansteuern von Startern an Verbrennungskraftmaschinen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1369569A2 EP1369569A2 EP03001699A EP03001699A EP1369569A2 EP 1369569 A2 EP1369569 A2 EP 1369569A2 EP 03001699 A EP03001699 A EP 03001699A EP 03001699 A EP03001699 A EP 03001699A EP 1369569 A2 EP1369569 A2 EP 1369569A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- starter
- block
- power
- engagement
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/0851—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for controlling the engagement or disengagement between engine and starter, e.g. meshing of pinion and engine gear
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/10—Safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/10—Safety devices
- F02N11/101—Safety devices for preventing engine starter actuation or engagement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
- F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
- F02N2200/06—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the power supply or driving circuits for the starter
- F02N2200/066—Relay temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
- F02N2200/12—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the vehicle exterior
- F02N2200/122—Atmospheric temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N2300/00—Control related aspects of engine starting
- F02N2300/30—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the use of digital means
- F02N2300/302—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the use of digital means using data communication
Definitions
- Starters for internal combustion engines can be used as thrust screw drives without countershaft as well as with countershaft.
- a planetary gear or the like is present between the pole housing and the drive bearing built-in.
- the planetary gear serves the torque of the armature of the starter motor to be transmitted to the drive pinion essentially free of transverse forces.
- the Transmission elements of the countershaft are made of steel, while the ring gear of the planetary gear made of a high-quality polyamide compound or light metal alloys can exist. This solution allows starters to save weight up to achieve 35 to 40% compared to conventional starters.
- Starters for internal combustion engines usually include DC series motors, where the excitation winding and the armature winding are connected in series are.
- the speed of the high-speed electric motor is controlled by a planetary gear, which serves as a countershaft, geared down and to the starter's single-track gearbox transfer.
- the single-track gearbox essentially contains the drive pinion, i.e. a and disengageable gear, a freewheel (overrunning clutch), an engagement element and an engagement spring.
- the drive pinion i.e. a and disengageable gear
- a freewheel overrunning clutch
- the engaging and disengaging pinion engages in a ring gear on the engine flywheel.
- a higher ratio which is between 10: 1 and 15: 1, allows the higher spin resistance to overcome the internal combustion engine.
- the pinion gear is usually manufactured with an involute profile which favors the engagement, whereby both the individual teeth of the drive pinion and those located opposite the drive pinion Gears of the ring gear can be chamfered on the front side.
- the pinion must automatically track out or the connection between the starter shaft and the engine flywheel must be removed automatically. This is usually done using a freewheel and a single-track and return mechanism.
- the freewheeling causes the pinion to be taken along when the armature shaft is driving and with faster running pinion, i.e. starting the internal combustion engine, the connection between the drive pinion and the armature shaft is released.
- the freewheel is between arranged the starter motor and drive pinion and prevents the armature shaft and thus the anchor of the starter motor when it starts up quickly (starting of the internal combustion engine) is accelerated to impermissibly high speeds.
- the wish to start i.e.
- the forthcoming starting of the internal combustion engine is usually over an electrical line from the ignition lock or from a control unit to the engagement relay to hand over.
- the engagement relay is used for the engagement stroke of the drive pinion in the ring gear and the starting current on the starter motor the starter switch.
- the stroke movement of the engagement relay is controlled by an engagement lever on the drive pinion slidably mounted on the armature shaft of the starter motor transfer.
- the engagement relay switches after the internal combustion engine has started by removing the start request, draws the current for the starter motor and pulls it the drive pinion from the ring gear of the engine flywheel.
- Starter motor By transferring the start request via electrical wire from the ignition lock - apart from the ignition key - no safety functions at the interface Starter motor can be integrated. Furthermore, the fact that due to the mechanical coupling elements and their interfaces no degrees of freedom regarding of installation and it is therefore quite inflexible. So far, due to the direct Control of the starter by an electrical line from the ignition lock, one Bus coupling or a starter diagnostic function not available. To start Internal combustion engines require different amperages to achieve this To ensure cranking of the internal combustion engine; especially during a cold start at low outside temperatures and viscous lubricating oil supply. A compression ignition, Multi-cylinder internal combustion engines require due to the higher compression ratio s a higher torque which can be applied by the starter compared to Otto engines with the same displacement.
- the starter with engagement relay known from the prior art can also be used in the Do not use the 42V electrical system used in the future because the relays used so far with double contacts this higher voltage in connection with high currents is not certain can switch off, unless the spark gaps are increased drastically. There is a certain minimum distance to safely disconnect an electrical contact required to ensure a safe shutdown. In general, the bigger the voltage to be switched off, the larger distances are required, what the construction volume negatively influenced.
- the solution proposed according to the invention enables the starter to be activated Internal combustion engine via the programming of power output stages. By Clocking these output stages can be almost any current value between zero and the maximum current value can be set, which on the one hand additional windings, series resistors and makes switching elements superfluous and on the other hand integrates the starter the control option according to the invention guaranteed in a future 42V electrical system.
- the output block of the control advantageously comprises power semiconductor bridges with low-resistance switching elements, such as field-effect transistors, Bipolar transistors or IGBT.
- the control takes place with field effect transistors by means of the field effect by the control voltage.
- the voltage drop across the field effect transistor (FET) results from the effective forward resistance.
- FET field effect transistor
- IGBTs insulated gate bipolar transistor
- the IGBT is a monolithic integration from a field effect transistor and a bipolar transistor.
- IGBT's are called modules manufactured, which single switches and phase branches up to complete inverter circuits can be integrated.
- MCT's Mos Controlled Thyristor
- GCT's Gate Commutated Thyristor
- IGCT's Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristor
- the control of the starter with the control according to the invention also offers the Possibility of starting the starter with a system bus already provided in the motor vehicle (CAN bus) to couple what with the previous control only via the electrical Line from the ignition lock was not possible.
- the starter's temperature development in the starter can be after several unsuccessful Consider starting attempts of the internal combustion engine as well as the prevailing outside temperature.
- the one controlled with the control according to the invention can advantageously Starter can be adapted to new applications by simply making changes, especially through free programming of the power amplifiers for use in 12V, 24V or 42V electrical system of motor vehicles.
- Electromechanical relays can be achieved as additional relays, contacts, series resistors and Windings can be omitted. This also results in fewer and shorter tolerance chains. It is now possible to diagnose errors that have occurred. for example a diagnosis of defective power amplifiers and incorrect voltage levels, unsuitable conditions such as too long and too short activation times and too long Temperatures. These states can be found within a data backup block record and later at the appropriate maintenance intervals via a diagnostic interface read. This enables faster fault diagnosis to be achieved.
- the control preferably contains an input function block that contains an electronic one Interface includes, for example, by a CAN bus, a bit serial interface or also a current interface, a differential signal or also through a voltage input can be given.
- a processing block after the input function block preferably contains a sequence control unit, a diagnostic unit for determining Error occurred during normal starter operation occurring events, a safety function management to protect the starter against stress as well as a data backup function in which the during operating hours occurring events can be saved.
- the processing block is advantageously followed by an output block which Power semiconductor devices in the form of low-resistance switching elements contains what offers a simple option for redundant control of the starter.
- Figure 1 shows the longitudinal section through a starter with engagement relay, single track system and Countershaft.
- the starter 1 shown in longitudinal section in FIG. 1 comprises a housing 2, above which an engagement relay 3 is arranged. On the engagement relay 3 is a designated by reference numeral 4 electrical connection provided.
- the engagement relay 3 also includes a Switch axis 5, on which a magnet armature 6 is received.
- the magnet armature 6 of the engagement relay 3 is enclosed by a magnetic winding 8.
- the switching axis 5 of the engagement relay 3 is acted upon by a return spring 10, the armature 6 guides when actuated an axial stroke movement designated by reference numeral 7 within the housing of the engaging relay 3.
- the engagement relay 3 comprises at its electrical connection 4 facing end a relay contact 9.
- the drawing shown in Figure 1 represents the contact with a tooth on tooth position.
- the one designated by reference numeral 7 Relay stroke serves as a residual stroke to tension a contact pressure spring.
- the switching axis 5 of the engagement relay 3 is, for example, wired as a fork lever Engaging lever 11 can be actuated.
- the engagement lever 11 is at a pivot point 12 within of the housing 2 of the starter is articulated and acts on a driver 16 of a freewheel 14 in such a way that it can be displaced in the axial direction in both directions on an armature shaft 13 is.
- the armature shaft 13 of the starter motor of the starter, not shown here 1 comprises the already mentioned freewheel 14, which in accordance with the longitudinal section Figure 1 includes idler rollers 15 which extend from an enlarged diameter range of the driver 16 are enclosed.
- the lower pivot point of the engagement lever 11 articulated.
- the freewheel 14 encloses one at the Armature shaft 13 relative to this rotatable drive pinion 18, which with a here only schematically indicated ring gear 20 of a flywheel of the internal combustion engine, which is also not shown here, interacts.
- the armature shaft 13 of the starter motor of starter 1 is received on a drive bearing 19.
- the starter shown partially in longitudinal section in FIG. 1 for starting an internal combustion engine comprises a reduction gear designated by reference numeral 21, which in the representation of Figure 1 is designed as a planetary gear.
- the starter 1 can without can also be formed without such a countershaft 21, which essentially a drive of the armature shaft 13 of the starter motor of the starter free of transverse force 1 serves.
- the reduction gear 21 comprises a plurality of planet gears received on the circumference of a ring gear 22, which are enclosed by a ring gear 23 forming a ring gear.
- Decisive for the engagement is that the driver 16 of the freewheel on their in Diameter-widened area via a spring element, for example, a spiral spring 24 in the direction of engagement with respect to the ring gear 20 on the flywheel of the internal combustion engine.
- a spring element for example, a spiral spring 24 in the direction of engagement with respect to the ring gear 20 on the flywheel of the internal combustion engine.
- Figure 2 shows the previous control of the starter as shown in Figure 1 on an electrical wire.
- a control signal 30 is a magnetic switch 31 is abandoned.
- the magnetic switch 31 causes a dashed line here Line indicated switching element with the contact of a first contact piece 32 a further contact piece 33, whereby the starter motor of the starter 1 the voltage an energy store, not shown in FIG. 2, for example a vehicle battery, is abandoned.
- the input signal designated by reference numeral 53, a temperature value representing, in the control of starter 1 shown in FIG a simple electrical line and a magnetic switch 31 are not considered.
- the magnetic switch 31 which is controlled via the control signal 30, also causes Establishing contact between the contact pieces 32 and 33, whereby the starter 1 Starting current is given, an engagement function 36 of the one identified by reference number 3 Engagement relay of the starter.
- a previous control of a starter 1 does not take the temperature into account on the one hand - be it the temperature of the starter motor of starter 1 or the outside temperature -
- FIG. 3 shows the basic structure of the starter control proposed according to the invention with input function block, processing block and hardware components Output block.
- the output block 70 which contains the power semiconductor components specified in more detail below includes, generates output signals 71 and 72 for control of the starter motor of starter 1 or for the engagement relay 3 (see illustration according to Figure 1).
- FIG. 4 shows the electronic control system that has been implemented Function blocks can be found in detail.
- the electronic control system essentially comprises the one already mentioned in FIG Input function block 50, processing block 60 and processing block 60 downstream output block 70.
- a control signal 30 and a voltage signal 34 are applied to the input function block 50. and a signal 53 representing a temperature value Reference signal 53 designated temperature signal can be both the outside temperature act to which the starter 1 (see illustration according to FIG. 1) is exposed. It can, however, also change with the temperature signal identified by reference numeral 53 are the temperature that the inside of the engagement magnet winding of the Starters 1 after several unsuccessful start attempts.
- the start attempts of the internal combustion engine are significant due to the implemented performance Temperature rise within the starter 1 linked to its dynamic behavior significantly influenced.
- the information 34 which shows the state of charge of an energy store (not shown in FIG. 4) are characterized as well as the temperature information 53 are the input function block 50 fed to a signal processor 52. Leave in signal conditioning 52 the signals are filtered or amplified and for further processing within the processing block 60 suitably prepare the electronic control of a starter.
- the input function block 50 according to the schematic representation in Figure 4 comprises
- an interface evaluation 51 which the control signal 30, a Representative start request is given up.
- the one called the function block Interface evaluation 51 provides an electronic according to the solution according to the invention Interface that acts as a connection point to a CAN data bus or as a bit serial interface can be provided.
- the interface evaluation 51 also as a voltage input or a current input or also as one Input for receiving a differential signal.
- the signals processed in the input function block 50 be they from the control signal 30, the information 34 about the state of charge of an energy store or be from the Temperature signal 53 are obtained after appropriate processing or interface evaluation a processing block 60 as output signals 54 and 55, respectively.
- the processing block 60 is in turn the input function block 50 on the one hand downstream, but on the other hand upstream of an output function block 70.
- Output signal 55 is given to a sequence controller 66 of processing block 60.
- the sequence controller 66 generates output signals 67 and 68, which are decoupled from one another Power output stages 69 of the output block 70 of the electronic control abandoned become.
- the output signal 54 which comes from the signal conditioning 52 of the input function block 50 comes, a diagnostic function block 61 is given. Within the diagnostic function block 61 errors that have occurred are recorded. For example, inside of the diagnostic function module 61 the voltage level with regard to the battery voltage of a signal 34 characterizing energy storage. Furthermore by means of the diagnostic function module 61 from one assigned to the starter motor of the starter 1 Power output stages 69 generated and reported back to the diagnostic function module 61 Signals detected and malfunctions of the starter motor of starter 1 and diagnosed the power output stage 69 associated with the engagement relay. The diagnostic function block 61 within the processing block 60 generates an output signal which to a safety function 62 subordinate to the diagnostic function module 61 is transmitted.
- the Safety function 62 Depending on detected malfunctions within the diagnostic function block 61, for example with regard to a faulty output stage 69, are via the Safety function 62 generates output signals 63 that correspond to the sequence within the sequence control 66 intervene so that the output signals 67 and 68, for one as faulty recognized output stage assigned to the starter motor or the engagement relay of starter 1 can be modified accordingly.
- the sequence control 66 is via a bidirectional signal connection 65 connected to a data backup 64.
- About data backup 64 within processing block 60 may be the individual ones that occurred Operating states within the sequence control 66 and also other operating states recorded and archived.
- Backup block 64 within the processing block 60 can be read out, so that those recorded and recorded there, for example at Unfavorable starting conditions are read out as part of a fault cause determination can be taken into account and are taken into account by the sequence control 66 during subsequent starts, for example in the form of changed control signals of the output stages 69.
- Those with reference numerals 62 designated safety function is with comparatively little additional effort feasible and ensures temperature monitoring and voltage monitoring, depending on the input signals of the safety function 62 via the diagnostic function block 61 are forwarded.
- the diagnostic function block 61 comes a control function is added within the processing block 60, as via the diagnostic function block 61 fed back from one or more of the power output stages 69 Signals are given and the diagnostic function module 61 hierarchically subordinate safety function 62 is controlled by this on the input side.
- the power output stages 69 within the output block 70 of the electronic control for a starter are preferred as power semiconductors with low-resistance switching elements educated.
- Field-effect transistors for example, come as low-resistance switching elements, Bipolar transistors or IGBTs are used.
- the integration of power semiconductors as power amplifiers 69 within the output block 60 of the electronic control offers the advantage that through its free programming the dynamic behavior of the starter is easier to influence.
- redundancy can be achieved which is unintended Driving the starter effectively prevented by a defective power transistor. A realization of this function of redundancy with conventional electromechanical Relays would be much more complex.
- the power semiconductors preferably used as power output stage 69 with low-resistance Switching elements also offer the advantage that the power output stage can be clocked appropriately 69 almost any current value between zero and a maximum current value can be set, whereby the electronic control according to the invention acted starter including engagement relay 3 by simple modifications also on on-board electrical systems with occasionally greater voltage (for example when starting a vehicle with 42V) can be used.
- the power output stage 69 can for reasons of redundancy Power semiconductor half bridges include.
- proposed by the invention electronic control a slight system adaptation of existing ones Starter for new applications can be implemented by simply changing the software.
- the invention avoids proposed solution by using power half bridges the use of two electromechanically connected relays and a total of disadvantages associated with electromechanical switches with regard to contact bouncing, contact corrosion, excessive contact wear due to erosion. Furthermore, through the power amplifiers 69, which is preferred as a power semiconductor with low control powers are formed, an additional effort by the engagement relay 3 if necessary upstream relay to be avoided.
- Electronic control of a starter 1 including engagement relay 3 can have repercussions the internal combustion engine to the start relay via that provided on starter 1 mechanical single-track operation can be excluded.
- the engagement relay 3 is mechanical coupled to the drive train of the starter motor. The one when the internal combustion engine is spinning occurring oscillating movements of the drive pinion partially transferred to the armature in the engagement relay 3 and can partially switch off lasting influence, for example by bouncing the contacts.
- FIG. 5 shows the schematic signal curves of two control signals for the starter motor and the engagement relay, each plotted as block signals over the time axis.
- the one marked with reference number 80 is shown Course of the output signal of the power stage 69 for the starter motor of the Played starters 1.
- a starting phase 81 for example over a Duration of a few ms, voltage signals are generated in block form, these voltage signals having a first signal length 84.
- the toe-in / twist phase of the drive pinion 18 takes place within a single-track phase 83 the engagement of the drive pinion 18 in the tooth spaces with a duration of a few ms of the above-mentioned ring gear 20 of the flywheel of the internal combustion engine.
- a spin phase 86 of the internal combustion engine is the drive of the internal combustion engine to be started by the starter motor the starter 1 applied.
- Excessively high temperature may limit the spin phase 86 to a maximum duration 87 be within the safety function 62 shown in Figure 4, which is subordinate to the diagnostic function module 61, is stored. If exceeded the maximum duration 87 of the spin phase can be correspondingly via the safety function 62 can be intervened in the sequence controller 66, so that the output signals 67 and 68 to the power output stages 69, which the starter motor of starter 1 and the engagement relay controlled, is influenced accordingly. Only after cooling in the event of a temperature exceeding or after reducing or increasing the voltage 34 to one permissible value, intervention in the sequence control 66 takes place in the opposite direction, so that a new start can be triggered. The length of the individual activation times can, depending on the data stock within the diagnostic module 61 and the data backup module 64 can be varied or adapted.
- the course 90 of the output signal is in the lower diagram shown in FIG the power output stage 69 reproduced for the engagement relay 3.
- An engagement signal is generated at time 92, which to the output signal 71 of the power output stage 69, which acts on the engagement relay 3, corresponds.
- This output signal 71 remains during the engagement phase 94 are pending until the end of the engagement phase 93, which is indicated by reference numeral 93 on the time axis is presented.
- the solution proposed according to the invention can be implemented in particular the protective function 62 within the processing block 60, that the starter motor of starter 1 is prevented from being activated for too long. Can also impermissibly high temperatures can affect the dynamics of the starter.
- the temperature of the engagement relay 3 of the starter 1 or a malfunction of the one assigned to it Power amplifiers 69 can be recognized by the diagnostic function module 61, which accordingly via the safety function 62 in the sequence control 66 within the Processing block 60 engages.
- FIG. 6 shows semiconductor components which are within the output block according to FIG. 3 or Figure 4 can be used within the power stages.
- the power output stages 69 can have field effect transistors 101, the control of which is effected by means of the "field effect" by the control voltage and whose voltage drop is given by the effective forward resistance, too Bipolar transistors 102 included.
- the bipolar transistors 102 are powered by a control current controlled and are characterized by good passage behavior.
- IGBTs integrated gate bipolar transistor
- the IGBT's 103 are controlled by a control voltage.
- Reference numerals 104 are MCTs designated (MOS Controlled Thyristor); while reference numeral 105 IGCT's semiconductor devices denotes which combination of a MOS-FET transistor and a Represent GTO thyristor.
- This electronic, identified by reference number 105 Component essentially combines the very good transmission behavior of a thyristor with the switching capacity of bipolar transistors 102.
- Figure 7 are the design options of the interface evaluation 51 according to the Representation in Figure 4 can be seen within the input function block.
- the interface evaluation 51 in the input function block 50 can be a current value Convert drive signal into an output signal 55 and as a current / voltage interface 106 be formed.
- the interface evaluation 51 also a voltage difference .DELTA.U, which is present on the input side thereof, in an output signal 55 convert, which corresponds to a voltage (ex. 107) in Figure 7.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Figur 1
- den Längsschnitt durch einen Starter mit Einrückrelais, Einspursystem und einem Vorgelege,
- Figur 2
- die bisherige Ansteuerung des Starters über eine elektrische Leitung,
- Figur 3
- die Grundstruktur der erfindungsgemäßen Ansteuerung mit Eingabefunktionsblock, Verarbeitungsblock und Ausgabeblock,
- Figur 4
- das elektronische Ansteuersystem mit implementierten Funktionsblöcken und
- Figur 5
- die Signalverläufe für Ansteuersignale des Startermotors und des Einrückrelais, jeweils aufgetragen als Blocksignale über die Zeitachse.
- Figur 6
- zeigt Halbleiterbauelemente, die innerhalb des Ausgabeblockes gemäß Figur 3 bzw. Figur 4 innerhalb der Leistungsendstufen eingesetzt werden können.
- Figur 7
- Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeiten der Schnittstellenauswertung.
- 1
- Starter
- 2
- Gehäuse
- 3
- Einrückrelais/Einrückmagnet
- 4
- elektrischer Anschluß
- 5
- Schaltachse
- 6
- Magnetanker
- 7
- Ankerhub
- 8
- Magnetwicklung
- 9
- Relaiskontakt
- 10
- Rückstellfeder
- 11
- Einrückhebel
- 12
- Anlenkpunkt
- 13
- Ankerwelle
- 14
- Freilauf
- 15
- Freilaufrollen
- 16
- Mitnehmer
- 17
- Anlenkpunkt Freilaufhülse
- 18
- Antriebsritzel
- 19
- Antriebslager
- 20
- Zahnkranz
- 21
- Vorgelege (Planetengetriebe)
- 22
- Planetenrad
- 23
- Hohlrad (Zahnkranz)
- 24
- Feder
- 30
- Ansteuersignal
- 31
- Magnetschalter
- 32
- erstes Kontaktstück
- 33
- zweites Kontaktstück
- 34
- Batteriespannung
- 35
- Ansteuerstrom Startmotor Starter 1
- 36
- Einrückfunktion des Einrückrelais 3
- 40
- Startwunsch
- 50
- Eingabefunktionsblock
- 51
- Schnittstellenauswertung
- 52
- Signalaufbereitung
- 53
- Temperatursignal
- 54
- Ausgabe Signalaufbereitung
- 55
- Ausgabe Signalschnittstellenauswertung
- 60
- Verarbeitungsblock
- 61
- Diagnosefunktionsbaustein
- 62
- Sicherheitsfunktion
- 63
- Ausgabesignal Sicherheitsfunktion
- 64
- Datensicherungsbaustein
- 65
- Ausgang/Eingang Datensicherungsbaustein
- 66
- Ablaufsteuerung
- 67
- Ausgabesignal für Leistungsendstufe Einrückrelais 3
- 68
- Ausgabesignal für Leistungsendstufe Startermotor Starter 1
- 69
- Leistungsendstufen
- 70
- Ausgabeblock
- 71
- Ausgabesignal für Einrückrelais 3
- 72
- Ausgabesignal für Startermotor Starter 1
- 80
- Verlauf Ausgabesignal Leistungsendstufe Startermotor
- 81
- Andrehphase
- 82
- Vorspur-/Verdrehphase Antriebsritzel
- 83
- Einspurphase
- 84
- erste Signallänge
- 85
- zweite Signallänge
- 86
- Durchdrehphase Verbrennungskraftmaschine
- 87
- Maximaldauer Durchdrehphase
- 90
- Verlauf Ausgabesignal Leistungsendstufe Einrückrelais 3
- 91
- inaktive Phase
- 92
- Beginn Einrückphase
- 93
- Ende Einrückphase
- 94
- Einrückphase
- 95
- Blocksignal
- 101
- FET
- 102
- bipolarer Transistor
- 103
- IGBT
- 104
- MCT
- 105
- IGCT
- 106
- Strom-/Spannungsschnittstelle
- 107
- ΔU/U-Schnittstelle
- 108
- U/U-Schnittstelle
- 109
- Bit/Spannungs-Schnittstelle
Claims (20)
- Verfahren zur Ansteuerung eines Starters (1) für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen, wobei der Starter (1) einen Startermotor und ein Einrückrelais (3) umfaßt und Ansteuersignale (71, 72) für Startermotor und Einrückrelais (3) nach Durchlauf nachfolgender Verfahrensschritte generiert werden:dem Übermitteln eines Startwunsches (40) an einen Eingabefunktionsblock (50),dem Verarbeiten von Signalen (54, 55) des Eingabefunktionsblocks (50) in einem einen Diagnosefunktionsbaustein (61), eine Sicherheitsfunktion (62) und eine Ablaufsteuerung (66) enthaltenden Verarbeitungsblockes (60) unddem Erzeugen voneinander entkoppelter Ansteuersignale (71, 72) mittels eines Ausgabeblockes (70) mit taktbaren Leistungsendstufen (69).
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass innerhalb des Eingabefunktionsblocks (50) über eine Schnittstellenauswertung (51) mittels einer als CAN-Datenbus oder bitseriellen Schnittstelle ausgeführten elektronischen Schnittstelle ansteuerungsrelevante Signale eingekoppelt werden.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schnittstellenauswertung (51) über eine als Spannungseingang oder als Stromeingang konfigurierte elektronische Schnittstelle erfolgt.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Eingabefunktionsblock (50) als Eingangssignal ein Temperatursignal (53) zugeführt wird.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Temperatursignal (53) die Temperatur des Einrückmagneten des Starters (1) repräsentiert.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Temperatursignal (53) die Außentemperatur repräsentiert.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Temperatursignal (53) die Temperatur einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine (Kühlwassertemperatur bzw. Öltemperatur) repräsentiert.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass innerhalb des Diagnosefunktionsbausteins (61) Fehlfunktionen der Leistungsendstufen (69), Überschreitung einer zulässigen Temperatur und die Dauer (87) der Durchdrehphase (86) der Verbrennungskraftmaschine erfaßt werden.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels des Diagnosefunktionsbausteins (61) erfasste Fehlfunktionen in einer Datensicherung (64) des Verarbeitungsblockes (60) auslesbar archiviert werden.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sicherheitsfunktion (62) gegen Überlastung des Startermotors des Starters (1) dem Diagnosefunktionsbaustein (61) hierarchisch nachgeordnet sind.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablaufsteuerung (66) Signale (63) der Sicherheitsfunktion (62) empfängt und Ausgabesignale (67, 68) für Leistungsendstufen (69) bildende Leistungshalbleiterbauelemente generiert.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass innerhalb des Ausgabeblocks (70) die Ansteuersignale (71, 72) für die Funktion "Einrücken" für das Einrückrelais (3) und die Funktion "Strom schalten" für den Startermotor des Starters (1) voneinander entkoppelt vorliegen.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ansteuersignal (72) für den Startermotor des Starters (1), welches in dem diesen zugeordneten Leistungshalbleiterbauelement (69) generiert wird, in den Starter (1) als Ansteuersignal (72) abgegeben und gleichzeitig an den Diagnosefunktionsbaustein (61) übertragen wird.
- Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß eines oder mehrerer der vorhergehenden Ansprüche mit einem ein Einrückmagneten (3) aufweisenden Starter (1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Starter (1) ein elektronisches Ansteuersystem zugeordnet ist, welches einen Eingabefunktionsblock (50), einen Verarbeitungsblock (60) sowie einen Ausgabeblock (70) umfasst, wobei der Ausgabeblock (70) als Leistungshalbleiterbauelemente (69) ausgeführte Endstufen (69) umfaßt, die frei programmierbar ausgebildet und frei vorwählbar taktbar sind.
- Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leistungsendstufen (69) als Leistungshalbleiter mit niederohmigen Schaltelementen ausgeführt sind.
- Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leistungshalbleiter (69) als Feldeffekttransistoren ausgebildet sind.
- Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leistungshalbleiter (69) als Bipolartransistoren ausgeführt sind.
- Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leistungshalbleiter (69) als IGBT-Bauelemente ausgeführt sind.
- Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leistungshalbleiter (69) als MCT-Bauelemente (Mos Controlled Thyristor) ausgeführt sind.
- Einrichtung gemäß Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leistungshalbleiter (69) als IGCT (Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristor) ausgeführt sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2002122162 DE10222162A1 (de) | 2002-05-17 | 2002-05-17 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ansteuern von Startern an Verbrennungskraftmaschinen |
DE10222162 | 2002-05-17 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1369569A2 true EP1369569A2 (de) | 2003-12-10 |
EP1369569A3 EP1369569A3 (de) | 2005-06-08 |
EP1369569B1 EP1369569B1 (de) | 2006-08-16 |
Family
ID=29285555
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20030001699 Expired - Lifetime EP1369569B1 (de) | 2002-05-17 | 2003-01-27 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ansteuern von Startern an Verbrennungskraftmaschinen |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1369569B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10222162A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2271394T3 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008054720A1 (de) | 2008-12-16 | 2010-06-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Zuführen elektrischer Energie zu Elektromotor |
DE102008054706A1 (de) | 2008-12-16 | 2010-06-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Energieversorgungsnetzwerk für ein Fahrzeug |
WO2012069293A3 (de) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-09-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ansteuern eines durch eine treibereinrichtung steuerbaren starters für eine brennkraftmaschine eines kraftfahrzeuges |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009029106A1 (de) | 2009-09-02 | 2011-03-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Ansteuern eines Elektromotors mit einem gepulsten Ansteuersignal |
DE102009047497A1 (de) | 2009-12-04 | 2011-06-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Bauelement zur Begrenzung von Strömen in elektrischen Schaltungen |
DE102010005683A1 (de) * | 2010-01-26 | 2011-07-28 | Volkswagen AG, 38440 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur automatischen Unterbrechung einer Bestromung eines Anlassers für ein Fahrzeug |
DE102011076914A1 (de) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektronische Einheit |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19844454A1 (de) * | 1998-09-28 | 2000-04-13 | Siemens Ag | Steuerschaltung zwischen einem Port eines Mikroprozessors und einem Stellglied und Verfahren zum Aufrechterhalten des momentanen Zustands eines Stellglieds während eines Einbruchs der Versorgungsspannung |
US6148781A (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 2000-11-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starting device for an internal combustion engine, especially of a motor vehicle, with a redundancy circuit |
-
2002
- 2002-05-17 DE DE2002122162 patent/DE10222162A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-01-27 ES ES03001699T patent/ES2271394T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-27 DE DE50304631T patent/DE50304631D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-27 EP EP20030001699 patent/EP1369569B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6148781A (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 2000-11-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starting device for an internal combustion engine, especially of a motor vehicle, with a redundancy circuit |
DE19844454A1 (de) * | 1998-09-28 | 2000-04-13 | Siemens Ag | Steuerschaltung zwischen einem Port eines Mikroprozessors und einem Stellglied und Verfahren zum Aufrechterhalten des momentanen Zustands eines Stellglieds während eines Einbruchs der Versorgungsspannung |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008054720A1 (de) | 2008-12-16 | 2010-06-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Zuführen elektrischer Energie zu Elektromotor |
DE102008054706A1 (de) | 2008-12-16 | 2010-06-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Energieversorgungsnetzwerk für ein Fahrzeug |
WO2010072435A2 (de) | 2008-12-16 | 2010-07-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum zuführen elektrischer energie zu elektromotor |
WO2012069293A3 (de) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-09-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ansteuern eines durch eine treibereinrichtung steuerbaren starters für eine brennkraftmaschine eines kraftfahrzeuges |
CN103228906A (zh) * | 2010-11-23 | 2013-07-31 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 用于致动可通过驱动器装置控制的用于机动车的内燃机的起动器的方法和设备 |
US9291140B2 (en) | 2010-11-23 | 2016-03-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for activating a starter, which is controllable by a driver unit, for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1369569B1 (de) | 2006-08-16 |
DE10222162A1 (de) | 2003-11-27 |
ES2271394T3 (es) | 2007-04-16 |
EP1369569A3 (de) | 2005-06-08 |
DE50304631D1 (de) | 2006-09-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0848159B1 (de) | Startvorrichtung zum Starten einer Brennkraftmaschine | |
EP0960276B1 (de) | Schaltungsanordnung für ein einrückrelais | |
DE10318848B4 (de) | Maschinenstartsystem | |
WO2009138346A1 (de) | Starter für eine brennkraftmaschine | |
DE102006034837B4 (de) | Maschinenanlasser und Maschinenstartverfahren | |
EP2585708B1 (de) | Startvorrichtung und startverfahren einer brennkraftmaschine mit mehrfachen startermotoren | |
EP1456047B1 (de) | Verfahren zum starten einer verbrennungskraftmaschine eines hybridantriebes eines kraftfahrzeuges | |
DE102010016482A1 (de) | Anlasser zum Starten einer internen Verbrennungsmaschine | |
EP0808420A1 (de) | Startvorrichtung zum starten einer brennkraftmaschine | |
EP2354532B1 (de) | Parallel-Schalteranordnung | |
DE112012005541T5 (de) | Doppelt synchronisierte Startermotoren | |
EP1369569B1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ansteuern von Startern an Verbrennungskraftmaschinen | |
EP2079924A1 (de) | Starter für verbrennungsmotoren mit entlastungsschalter | |
EP2425116B1 (de) | Starter mit umschaltbarer polpaarzahl | |
DE10005005A1 (de) | Startanlage für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine und Verfahren zum Betrieb der Startanlage | |
DE19939051A1 (de) | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Kraftstoffhochdrucks | |
DE19532484A1 (de) | Startvorrichtung zum Starten einer Brennkraftmaschine | |
WO2012041574A2 (de) | Schweissverhinderer bei hochstromschalter | |
DE19851741A1 (de) | Andrehvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen | |
DE19721386A1 (de) | Startvorrichtung zum Starten einer Brennkraftmaschine | |
DE19502154A1 (de) | Start-Stopp-Anlage für Verbrennungsmotore von Kraftfahrzeugen | |
WO2021151598A1 (de) | Elektrische antriebsvorrichtung für ein fahrzeug und fahrzeug | |
DE3834855A1 (de) | Starter eines kraftfahrzeugs mit integrierter leistungselektronik | |
DE102018207654A1 (de) | Anlassvorrichtung für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine | |
DE102011008058B4 (de) | Startervorrichtung mit Start-Stopp-Funktion für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20051208 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20060816 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 50304631 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20060928 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20061127 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2271394 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20070518 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20120124 Year of fee payment: 10 Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20120126 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20120124 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20130127 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130127 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130127 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20140321 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130128 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R081 Ref document number: 50304631 Country of ref document: DE Owner name: SEG AUTOMOTIVE GERMANY GMBH, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ROBERT BOSCH GMBH, 70469 STUTTGART, DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: TP Owner name: SEG AUTOMOTIVE GERMANY GMBH, DE Effective date: 20180315 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R082 Ref document number: 50304631 Country of ref document: DE Representative=s name: DEHNSGERMANY PARTNERSCHAFT VON PATENTANWAELTEN, DE |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20220124 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20220120 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R071 Ref document number: 50304631 Country of ref document: DE |