EP1369540B1 - Panneau de construction et son utilisation - Google Patents
Panneau de construction et son utilisation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1369540B1 EP1369540B1 EP03011799A EP03011799A EP1369540B1 EP 1369540 B1 EP1369540 B1 EP 1369540B1 EP 03011799 A EP03011799 A EP 03011799A EP 03011799 A EP03011799 A EP 03011799A EP 1369540 B1 EP1369540 B1 EP 1369540B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- use according
- mineral
- filled
- hardened material
- construction panel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/88—Insulating elements for both heat and sound
- E04B1/90—Insulating elements for both heat and sound slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
- E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
- E04B2001/8471—Solid slabs or blocks layered with non-planar interior transition surfaces between layers, e.g. faceted, corrugated
Definitions
- the invention relates to a building board with a layer of at least partially interconnected mineral fibers and an open pore structure between the mineral fibers and their use.
- Such a building board is known from DE 41 19 353 C1.
- the open pore volume of this mineral wool plate is at least partially filled with microfine processed cement. So the cement is introduced relatively far into the building board.
- the corresponding surface layer should have a good affinity to mortars, plasters and adhesives, for example when glued to house walls.
- a generic building board may be a pure mineral fiber board as well as a composite building board in which a layer of mineral fibers.
- the mineral fibers after their recovery from a melt, treated with admixture of a binder to a primary / secondary non-woven, then compacted, cured in an oven and then cut to the desired level. The cutting can also be done before curing.
- mineral fiber building boards are known, which are referred to as so-called lamellar plates in which individual Slats were joined together to form a building board.
- structural panel all of these known components, regardless of the orientation (orientation) of the fibers, are subsumed under the term "structural panel" according to the invention. This also applies to the outer geometry. Usually, a building board will have two planar, mutually parallel surfaces; but there are also applications where this can be different. For example, a building board could also have a trapezoidal cross-section or grooved or grooved on a main surface. In the latter case, the term “main surface” is understood below to mean the corresponding surface area of the component.
- All components have in common that exist between the mineral fibers cavities that form an open pore framework. This is between 10 and 90 vol .-%, usually 50 to 90 vol .-%, but can also amount to more than 90% of the total volume of the building board.
- the compressive strength of a building board depends, among other things, on the bulk density, but also on the fiber orientation.
- Said lamellar plate, in which the fibers are substantially perpendicular to the main surfaces, has a substantially higher compressive strength compared to a mineral fiber mat / mineral fiber plate, in which the fibers are substantially parallel to the Main surfaces or irregular.
- the compressive strength in particular in terms of walkability or trafficability, is often insufficient.
- the invention seeks to remedy the situation and offer a building board, which has an improved accessibility.
- the invention takes a completely different approach, based on the following considerations:
- the existing open pore volume between the mineral fibers in a section below (adjacent) a major surface is changed to provide (relatively) larger cavities by appropriate mechanical perforation.
- These cavities are at least partially filled with a thermosetting material.
- the perforation also makes it easier to bring in the aforementioned filling material.
- the corresponding "filled layer" can be very thin, for example, only a few millimeters, especially when the individual filled cavities (islands) are close to each other, so have only a small distance from each other.
- the invention relates to a building board with the features of claim 1.
- the filled volume fraction depends essentially on the size and shape of the filled pores (cavities). If, for example, the filled cavities have a conical shape, with the largest cross section lying in the area of the main surface, it becomes clear that the total degree of filling of the pore volume is> 50% by volume if the individual depressions are arranged at a distance from one another are. Precisely because of the conical form mentioned, however, a particularly favorable increase in compressive strength results, because in the immediate region of the main surface the proportion of filler material to mineral fibers can be well over 50% and thus a high proportion of the directly mechanically acted surface is stabilized by the hardened material ,
- This monolithic cured material may be an inorganic material, for example a SiO 2 based material. Specifically, it may be a cured silica gel. Also conceivable are other inorganic materials such as gypsum, fine mortar or the like.
- the bulk density of the mineral fiber layer not yet filled with the material may be, for example, between 80 and 100 kg / m 3 , according to one embodiment> 125 kg / m 3 , but also> 150 kg / m 3 . Values up to 200 kg / m 3 and above are possible.
- the said section usually has a thickness of between 0.5 and 10% of the total thickness of the mineral fiber layer.
- the absolute thickness can be, for example, between 1 and 15 mm, for example between 1 to 10 mm or between 2 and 7 mm.
- the bulk density of the filled with the monolithic cured material portion is, depending on the filler, for example, between 100 and 400 kg / m 3 , the partial surface load, for example, between 0.15 and 0.25 N / mm 2 .
- Raw density, compressive strength and partial surface load in this application are always determined in accordance with DIN 18165-1 and DIN EN 13162.
- the first part of the step deliberately discreet depressions are introduced into the mineral fiber layer, for example, pressed or pressed. This inevitably leads to a compression (increase in density) in the peripheral region of the wells. This is not only harmless, but even advantageous, because the subsequently supplied filler material is now less able to penetrate into the areas between the mechanically introduced recesses / can.
- the material can either be filled into the depressions in a targeted manner or pressed in, for example, via a roller, the filler generally only penetrating into the remaining pores between the mineral fibers in the regions between the depressions in a completely subordinate proportion, especially when the material is applied with a more pasty consistency. As far as material also penetrates into the areas between the depressions this is harmless as long as according to the invention takes place only a partial backfilling.
- the said tool for introducing the depressions may for example consist of a roller, from whose surface spikes protrude (for example, with a conical geometry, so that the depressed into the surface depressions are conical, with the tip inside the mineral fiber layer and the largest cross section in the area of the main surface.
- the maximum cone diameter is for example 1 to 3 mm, the length 3 to 7 mm. Easily 10 to 20 spikes per square centimeter can be arranged to form a dense network of wells in the surface.
- the compressive stress of the finished building board should be at least 60 kN / m 2 at 10% compression (in accordance with DIN 18165-1).
- the invention also includes the following use of a structural panel as a cladding element of concrete elements such as concrete walls, concrete floors or concrete floors.
- the building board creates an appealing cladding, at the same time a heat and sound insulation, as well as a fire protection measure. To the It is good to improve adhesion of the building board to the concrete element if the building board has the above-described adhesive substrate.
- the adhesive bond can be optimized if the filler material in the pores of the mineral fiber layer, such as the concrete, is an inorganic material, for example based on cement, gypsum, fine mortar or SiO 2 .
- connection building board concrete part can also be done by separate mortar, adhesive, mineral or other binders and / or mechanical fasteners such as claws, anchors or dowels.
- mechanical parts can be largely dispensed with when the building board is used as a lost formwork, that is, the fresh concrete is poured directly onto the plate (s), especially in ceilings.
- several boards can be laid in a composite on the on-site concrete formwork and then poured over with concrete mortar.
- the individual building panels can be arranged on edge seams or tongue and groove formations to each other.
- edges of the building board can be chamfered for subsequent filling.
- FIG. 1 shows a cuboid building board 10 which consists entirely of mineral fibers.
- the plate includes an upper major surface 12 and a lower major surface 14, and side surfaces 16, 18, 20, 22. Starting from the upper major surface 12, a portion 24 whose thickness "d" extends about 5% of the area Total thickness D of the component 10 is. With an assumed overall thickness of 50 mm, d is accordingly 2.5 mm.
- a plurality of conical recesses 26 extend (with the pointed end into the device 10).
- the diameter of the recesses 26 is about 2 mm in the region of the main surface 12.
- the recesses 26 are filled with a hardened silica gel, which partially also covers zones 28 in the region of the main surface 12 between recesses 26.
- Figure 2 shows schematically that instead of the conical shape shown in section a), the recesses 26 may also have a cylindrical shape (part b) of Figure 2), or for example a hemisphere shape (part c) of Figure 2).
- Part d of FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the main surface 12, completely covering the recesses 26 and adjacent sections 28, is formed with a covering layer 30 which consists of the same material as the filling material of the recesses 26.
- the ceiling shown in Figure 3 consists of a concrete floor 100, which is covered on its underside by a plurality of mineral fiber building boards 120.
- edge-side stepped rebate 140 For the production building boards 120 are placed with edge-side stepped rebate 140 to form a closed sub-ceiling on an on-site concrete formwork.
- FIGS. 3, 4 show that each structural panel 120 has, on the edge side, a plurality of folding anchors 160, which are anchored on the one hand in the panel 120, on the other hand, projecting them upwards.
- the direct surface connection between panels 120 and concrete 100 is facilitated by the filling of a near-surface portion 240 of the plates 120 with a cured silica gel, which was previously introduced, for example, in conical recesses 260 by means of a pressure roller.
- a near-surface portion 240 of the plates 120 with a cured silica gel, which was previously introduced, for example, in conical recesses 260 by means of a pressure roller.
- even narrow regions 280 between the conical recesses 260 may at least partially be filled with silica.
- the insulation boards have a thickness of about 5 cm (usual range: 20-200 mm), the thickness of the layer 240 is only 6 mm.
- the partial surface load of the section 240 is 0.2 N / mm 2 .
- the system described is particularly advantageous for garages, passageways, tunnels, large spaces, precast concrete parts in sandwich construction, double-shell partitions in buildings, etc.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Machines For Manufacturing Corrugated Board In Mechanical Paper-Making Processes (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Claims (12)
- Panneau de construction comportant une couche formée par des fibres minérales reliées au moins en partie les unes aux autres, ainsi que par une structure à pores ouverts entre les fibres minérales, laquelle comporte des cavités (26), formées par perforation mécanique et s'étendant à partir d'une surface principale (12) du panneau de construction, dans lequel la structure poreuse est comblée, à partir d'au moins une surface principale (12) de la couche en fibres minérales, sur une partie (24) perpendiculaire à cette surface principale (12), entre 0,5 et 50 % de l'épaisseur totale D de la couche en fibres minérales, avec au moins 10, au maximum 90 % en volume d'un matériau monolithique durci.
- Panneau de construction selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le matériau monolithique durci est un matériau anorganique.
- Panneau de construction selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le matériau monolithique durci est un matériau à base de SiO2.
- Utilisation d'un panneau de construction selon la revendication 1 sous forme d'élément de revêtement pour des éléments en béton.
- Utilisation selon la revendication 4 sous forme d'élément de coffrage perdu au cours de la réalisation d'éléments en béton.
- Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le panneau de construction et l'élément en béton sont assemblés au moyen d'un liant minéral.
- Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le panneau de construction et l'élément en béton sont assemblés l'un à l'autre au moyen d'un élément d'ancrage mécanique.
- Utilisation selon la revendication 1, de telle sorte que le panneau de construction est réalisé sur au moins un bord extérieur avec un pli, une rainure ou un ressort.
- Utilisation selon la revendication 4, de telle sorte que la densité brute de la couche en fibres minérales, non encore comblée par le matériau, est supérieure à 150 kg/m3.
- Utilisation selon la revendication 4, de telle sorte que la partie comblée par le matériau durci a une épaisseur de 1 à 10 mm.
- Utilisation selon la revendication 4, de telle sorte que la partie comblée par le matériau durci a une densité brute entre 100 et 400 kg/m3.
- Utilisation selon la revendication 4, de telle sorte que la partie comblée par le matériau durci présente une charge rapportée à la surface partielle de 0,15 à 0,25 N/mm2.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI200330553T SI1369540T1 (sl) | 2002-05-28 | 2003-05-24 | Gradbena plosca in uporaba gradbene plosce |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10223671 | 2002-05-28 | ||
DE10223671 | 2002-05-28 | ||
DE10226514 | 2002-06-14 | ||
DE10226514 | 2002-06-14 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1369540A2 EP1369540A2 (fr) | 2003-12-10 |
EP1369540A3 EP1369540A3 (fr) | 2006-01-04 |
EP1369540B1 true EP1369540B1 (fr) | 2006-09-13 |
Family
ID=29550945
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03011799A Expired - Lifetime EP1369540B1 (fr) | 2002-05-28 | 2003-05-24 | Panneau de construction et son utilisation |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1369540B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE339560T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE50305007D1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK1369540T3 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2468498B1 (fr) † | 2009-07-15 | 2014-10-01 | Fibrolith Dämmstoffe GmbH | Mortier adhésif destiné à l'application d'un panneau isolant sur une paroi ou un mur de bâtiment |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3248663C1 (de) * | 1982-12-30 | 1984-06-07 | Grünzweig + Hartmann und Glasfaser AG, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Beschichtete Fassaden- oder Dachdaemmplatte aus Mineralfasern,sowie Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
DE4119353C1 (fr) * | 1991-06-12 | 1992-12-17 | Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh, 4390 Gladbeck, De | |
US6613424B1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2003-09-02 | Awi Licensing Company | Composite structure with foamed cementitious layer |
-
2003
- 2003-05-24 DK DK03011799T patent/DK1369540T3/da active
- 2003-05-24 AT AT03011799T patent/ATE339560T1/de active
- 2003-05-24 DE DE50305007T patent/DE50305007D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-24 EP EP03011799A patent/EP1369540B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK1369540T3 (da) | 2007-01-15 |
EP1369540A3 (fr) | 2006-01-04 |
DE50305007D1 (de) | 2006-10-26 |
EP1369540A2 (fr) | 2003-12-10 |
ATE339560T1 (de) | 2006-10-15 |
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