EP4339390A1 - Système d'isolation multicouche - Google Patents

Système d'isolation multicouche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4339390A1
EP4339390A1 EP23196342.2A EP23196342A EP4339390A1 EP 4339390 A1 EP4339390 A1 EP 4339390A1 EP 23196342 A EP23196342 A EP 23196342A EP 4339390 A1 EP4339390 A1 EP 4339390A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
insulation
foam
insulation system
support structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23196342.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Krug
Peter Fischer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fixit Trockenmoertel Holding Ag
Original Assignee
Fixit Trockenmoertel Holding Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fixit Trockenmoertel Holding Ag filed Critical Fixit Trockenmoertel Holding Ag
Publication of EP4339390A1 publication Critical patent/EP4339390A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/049—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres completely or partially of insulating material, e.g. cellular concrete or foamed plaster
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
    • E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
    • E04F13/047—Plaster carrying meshes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-layer insulation system formed on a surface of a support structure to be insulated, with at least a first insulation layer, which is located closer to the support structure, and a second insulation layer, which is located further away from the support structure, the at least first insulation layer and second insulation layer have different properties from each other.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing such an insulation system as well as a building wall, floor slab or ceiling or a component of a building with such an insulation system.
  • Such a system is provided by the EP 0 056 220 A1 taught.
  • This system includes a comparatively thick plate-like element having a first density and a comparatively thin plate-like element having a second density disposed on one or both sides of the comparatively thick plate-like element.
  • the plate-like elements are cut out of dimensionally stable but not hardened blocks of aerated concrete and stacked, with a hydraulic binder being provided between the plate-like elements.
  • the sandwich component formed in this way is fed into an autoclave and steam-hardened there.
  • the EP 2 681 171 B1 discloses a mineral multilayer board and a process for its production.
  • the former consists of two layers of the same material, comprising a sulfate and a hydraulically setting binder made of sulfate-aluminate cement, but with different levels of porosity.
  • flowable, self-hardening masses are poured one after the other and one above the other in the same mold and allowed to harden together.
  • Insulation systems serve the purpose, particularly in the case of building walls and building floor panels, but also building ceilings and components of a building, to prevent or at least slow down heat transfer between an inside and an outside of the building or a surrounding soil as much as possible.
  • the outside temperature is high, heating up the inside of the building should be avoided; when the outside temperature is low, heat loss from the inside of the building to the surroundings or the ground is undesirable.
  • solid materials such as rigid polyurethane foam (PUR/PIR), stone or mineral wool and extruded or expanded polystyrene rigid foam (XPS or EPS) are often used as insulation materials in new buildings as well as for retrofitting.
  • PUR/PIR rigid polyurethane foam
  • XPS or EPS extruded or expanded polystyrene rigid foam
  • disposal after demolition or dismantling represents a particular challenge, as conventional insulation materials, whether organic or inorganic, are very time-consuming and costly Process must be separated from the concrete. Even mineral foam panels have to be disposed of separately due to their chemical composition. The use of fire retardants may also require separate disposal.
  • a factor that should not be underestimated when insulating parts of a building is the time required to assemble or erect the insulation layer.
  • As a guideline for example, an installation speed of around 15 minutes per square meter of wall or floor area is assumed for XPS or EPS. In addition to the pure material costs, high personnel costs quickly arise.
  • the high transport costs should not be underestimated.
  • the aforementioned insulation materials are transported to the construction site as finished insulation elements. Due to their very large volume, they cause increased transport effort, which has a negative impact on transport costs.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to describe an insulation system that can be individually adapted to the conditions prevailing in individual cases, which eliminates the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art and can be used both in the modernization of existing buildings and in new buildings.
  • a further aspect of the present invention is the production of such an insulation system and the description of a building wall, floor slab or ceiling or a component of a building with such an insulation system.
  • the insulation system according to the invention can be provided on at least one of the two sides of the support structure. If the support structure is a floor plate with a substantially horizontal orientation, the insulation system according to the invention can be arranged both above and below it. The same applies if the supporting structure is a building ceiling.
  • the insulation system according to the invention is characterized by at least two insulation layers which have different properties from one another. This makes it possible to optimally fulfill different tasks in the area of building insulation using different insulation layers.
  • a first insulation layer can have a comparatively low density, which ensures optimal thermal insulation.
  • a second insulation layer can have a higher density compared to the first insulation layer, which means that it has less optimal thermal insulation properties, but is more resistant to mechanical influences or weather influences. It is also possible for the second and/or a further insulation layer to have a comparatively high density, with which tasks of the supporting building structure can be at least partially taken over.
  • a preferred embodiment of the insulation system according to the invention is characterized in that the at least two insulation layers have the same components or starting materials.
  • the desired, different properties can be achieved despite the use of the same starting materials.
  • the at least two insulation layers are formed from foam concrete.
  • Foam concrete is a collective term for fresh concrete, which, in addition to binders, fillers and water, also contains added foam or foam generated by an in situ reaction and, if necessary, additives.
  • Classic binders are cement and lime. Due to the grain size of the filler - often gravel, limestone or quartz - which is usually less than 2 mm, it is actually foam mortar by definition. However, since it is used outdoors and in some cases also for load-bearing elements, it is called foam concrete. By using the foam or the in situ foaming agent, a light, porous material is created that has excellent thermal insulation properties.
  • foam concrete is more sustainable than conventional concrete or mortar because its lower density means that the use of other components such as gravel and sand can be reduced.
  • the foam concrete is formed according to a preferred embodiment by mixing a mortar slurry with a foam-forming reactant.
  • the procedures that may be used for this are, for example, the EP 3 483 131 B1 or the previously unpublished application DE 10 2021 128 804.5 of a company economically affiliated with the applicant.
  • the method of the last-mentioned document is characterized in particular by the fact that the foam-forming reaction only begins upon contact and mixing of an in situ foam-forming reactant with the mortar slurry.
  • DE 10 2021 128 804.5 a device consisting of a mixing device, a slurry line for supplying the mortar slurry to the mixing device, a reactant line for supplying the in situ foam-forming reactant to the mixing device and a reaction and delivery line connected to the mixing device.
  • the reaction and delivery line is designed to mix and convey the mortar slurry and the in situ foam-forming reactant. At the same time, it represents the place where the expansion reaction between the mortar slurry and the in situ foam-forming reaction partner merges into one Foam concrete takes place.
  • the line length of the reaction and delivery line is designed as a function of the ambient temperature and/or the composition of the mortar slurry and/or the in situ foam-forming reactant in such a way that the material volume of the foamed concrete is at the outlet end of the reaction opposite the mixing device. and delivery line almost corresponds to the final material volume of the foam concrete.
  • a gas-releasing substance is used as the in situ foam-forming reactant. Due to the viscous properties of the mortar slurry, the gas released during the chemical reaction cannot escape into the environment. Instead, it remains in the mortar slurry and forms a large number of small gas bubbles. As a result of the mixing, these gas bubbles are distributed homogeneously in the mortar slurry and form small pores which, after hardening, ensure the good thermal insulation properties of the foam concrete thus formed.
  • a peroxide, a peroxo compound, a peroxy compound or a solution of one of these, in particular hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), or any mixture thereof, have proven to be particularly suitable for use as a gas-releasing substance.
  • Hydrogen peroxide in particular has the advantage that, when diluted appropriately, it can also be transported to a construction site without stricter safety requirements, and that it can be stored and conveyed using conventional and common devices.
  • hydrogen peroxide has advantageous properties as an in situ foam-forming reactant for a mortar slurry, as the resulting foamed concrete is rich in pores and dimensionally stable.
  • an in situ foam-forming reactant instead of an in situ foam-forming reactant, it is also possible to mix the mortar slurry with a separately produced foam in order to obtain a foam concrete.
  • This can be a surfactant-based, for example a protein-based foam.
  • the different properties mentioned of the at least two insulation layers are of a physical and/or chemical nature.
  • the aim can be for the foam concrete of the first insulation layer to have a different density than the foam concrete of the second insulation layer and/or the foam concrete of one or more further insulation layers.
  • the different densities of the foam concretes of the at least two insulation layers can be achieved by different mixing ratios of mortar slurry and in situ foam-forming reactant.
  • a higher proportion of the in situ foam-forming reactant leads to increased gas release and thus to increased pore formation.
  • the foam concrete produced in this way has a lower material density due to the higher pore density and therefore better thermal insulation properties.
  • a smaller proportion of the in situ foam-forming reactant leads to limited gas release, which also results in fewer pores.
  • the foam concrete obtained after hardening is comparatively less suitable for thermal insulation, but is statically more resilient and less susceptible to mechanical influences and/or environmental influences.
  • the density and other physical and/or chemical properties can be individually adjusted by varying the mixing ratio of mortar slurry and foam.
  • the insulation system must be attached to a support structure.
  • a support structure This can be, for example, an already existing masonry, a load-bearing wall structure that has already been built, a grouted floor to form a floor slab, a building ceiling, or, in the case of a prefabricated concrete part, a concrete layer that has already been cast into a formwork.
  • the insulation system according to the invention comprises, according to a further embodiment, an adhesion promoter which promotes adhesion between a first insulation layer and a support structure.
  • adhesion promoters are characterized by the fact that they create a physical and/or chemical bond in the interface between two layers.
  • adhesion promoter also includes substances and mixtures that fulfill this function without this being their primary task.
  • Polyolefinic adhesion promoters and silane adhesion promoters should be mentioned as examples and not exhaustively, but within the scope of the present disclosure, materials such as mortar, bitumen or other common building materials also come into consideration.
  • this function can also be fulfilled by an additional insulation layer. It is also advisable to also provide this additional insulation layer made of foam concrete. In order to achieve the desired properties, its physical and/or chemical properties should differ from the physical and/or chemical properties of the foam concrete of the first insulation layer.
  • additional insulation layers can also be provided. The decision is made on a case-by-case basis and depending on the individual circumstances. These general conditions include, among other things, the climatic conditions and the space available.
  • the insulation systems run essentially vertically after all construction work has been completed Invention provided on the outside of a second insulation layer or an outermost insulation layer a fabric.
  • This can also be provided with dowels, which ensure that the layers penetrated by them are connected to one another not only adhesively, but also through positive connection and/or material connection. This can effectively prevent loosening, shifting or slipping of individual or multiple layers.
  • an insulation system constructed in this way is able to withstand high wind suction forces.
  • the insulation system according to the invention can include a reinforcing mortar. This has a high tensile strength and gives the insulation system a high level of resistance to structural loads, especially in conjunction with a fabric incorporated into the reinforcing mortar.
  • reinforcing mortars have a high tensile strength, they are susceptible to weather influences and often do not meet decorative requirements. Therefore, according to a further preferred embodiment, it is advisable to provide the insulation system according to the invention with a top plaster and/or at least one layer of paint. Both are particularly characterized by their high mechanical resilience. They are therefore suitable as the outermost layer of the insulation system according to the invention, since the layers underneath are optimally protected from the effects of the weather.
  • a method according to the invention for producing one of the insulation systems explained above is characterized in that each of the at least two insulation layers is formed by applying the foam concrete to a support structure, a pressed floor functioning as a support structure or to a previously applied layer of foam concrete.
  • the foam concrete adheres to the support structure or the previously applied layer of foam concrete or to the pressed soil that acts as a support structure.
  • the insulation system receives further layers and/or layers which have the effect that the insulation system achieves the desired properties in terms of insulation effect, longevity, resistance to mechanical and/or environmental influences and appearance.
  • at least one further insulation layer and/or an adhesion promoter and/or at least one fabric and/or dowels and/or reinforcing mortar and/or a top plaster and/or at least one layer of paint are added to the insulation system.
  • the selection and execution depends on the individual specifications and requirements for the respective application.
  • the method described above can be carried out directly on a construction site.
  • the support structure is formed from a load-bearing segment.
  • the support structure can, for example, initially be aligned horizontally, whereupon the various layers and layers are successively applied or arranged thereon, also spreading horizontally. A component produced in this way can then be transported to a construction site and erected there.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the insulation system 10 according to the invention.
  • This serves for the (thermal) insulation of a substantially vertical building structure.
  • the component delimiting the direction of the building interior is a support structure 12, which is aligned essentially vertically. As a rule, it acts
  • the support structure 12 is a load-bearing building wall.
  • the components of the insulation system 10 described below are on the side of the support structure 12 facing away from the interior of the building Fig. 1 to the right of it, arranged.
  • a first insulating layer 14 is provided next to the support structure 12.
  • This is formed from a foam concrete and has a dry bulk density of less than 180 kg/m 3 , preferably less than 150 kg/m 3 , particularly preferably less than 120 kg/m 3 .
  • the thermal insulation properties of foam concrete improve.
  • susceptibility to physical and environmental influences increases.
  • the first insulation layer 14 is protected from environmental influences by at least one further layer, this is accepted.
  • an adhesion promoter 18 is additionally provided between the support structure 12 and the first insulating layer 14. This is used if the adhesion between the support structure 12 and the foam concrete of the first insulation layer 14 is not sufficient to attach the latter to the support structure 12 in a process-safe manner.
  • a second insulation layer 16 is provided on the side of the first insulation layer 14 facing the outside of the building.
  • the second insulation layer 16 is also formed from foam concrete. This consists of the same starting materials as the foam concrete of the first insulation layer 14, but these were mixed in a different ratio.
  • the dry bulk density of the foam concrete of the second insulation layer 16 is between 150 kg/m 3 and 800 kg/m 3 , preferably between 200 kg/m 3 and 500 kg/m 3 , particularly preferably between 350 kg/m 3 and 450 kg/m 3 . With such a density, the second insulation layer 16 reinforces the thermal insulation properties of the first insulation layer 14, but is less susceptible to physical influences and environmental influences.
  • a fabric 22 which according to in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of the insulation system 10 is provided with dowels 24. These connect the adjacent layers to the support structure in a form-fitting and/or material-locking manner.
  • dowels 24 These connect the adjacent layers to the support structure in a form-fitting and/or material-locking manner.
  • the reinforcing mortar 28, especially in combination with the fabric 26 has a high tensile strength, it is comparatively susceptible to physical stress and environmental influences. For this reason, a top plaster 30 follows as the outermost layer of the insulation system 10. Although this has a low tensile strength, it is extremely resistant to physical stress and environmental influences. Damage to one or more layers of the insulation system 10 can thus be avoided. The penetration of (rain) water into the insulation system 10 is also prevented, which is of great importance both for its longevity and for the functionality of the insulation layers 14, 16.
  • a second embodiment of the insulation system 10 according to the invention differs from that in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment by replacing the adhesion promoter 18. Instead, an additional insulation layer 20 is provided on the corresponding surface between the support structure 12 and the first insulation layer 14. With this, the thermal insulation properties of the insulation system 10 can be further improved. If the special requirements for the insulation system 10 require it or the general conditions at the construction site allow it, the same foam concrete can be used for the additional insulation layer 20 as for the second insulation layer 16. In this case, the second insulation layer 16 and the additional insulation layer have 20 the same dry bulk density. In this way, the logistical effort in particular can be significantly reduced, since only two different foam concretes have to be formed for three insulation layers 14, 16, 20.
EP23196342.2A 2022-09-09 2023-09-08 Système d'isolation multicouche Pending EP4339390A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022123043.0A DE102022123043A1 (de) 2022-09-09 2022-09-09 Mehrlagiges dämmungssystem

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4339390A1 true EP4339390A1 (fr) 2024-03-20

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EP23196342.2A Pending EP4339390A1 (fr) 2022-09-09 2023-09-08 Système d'isolation multicouche

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EP (1) EP4339390A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102022123043A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0056220A1 (fr) 1981-01-07 1982-07-21 Internationella Siporex Ab Procédé de fabrication d'éléments de construction multicouches légers
DD206407A1 (de) * 1981-11-03 1984-01-25 Inst Stahlbeton Forschungszent Aussenwandplatte
WO2004009927A1 (fr) * 2002-07-19 2004-01-29 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwool Gmbh & Co. Ohg Couche isolante en fibres minerales et paroi de batiment
EP2395171A1 (fr) * 2010-06-14 2011-12-14 Xella Baustoffe GmbH Panneau de construction ainsi que procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un panneau de construction
WO2012116379A1 (fr) * 2011-02-28 2012-09-07 Geolyth Mineral Technologie Gmbh Plaque multicouche minérale et son procédé de production
EP3739137A1 (fr) * 2019-05-16 2020-11-18 Weko Consulting and Engineering Ltd. Mur du bâtiment
EP3483131B1 (fr) 2017-11-09 2020-12-23 Holcim Technology Ltd Procédé de production d'une mousse minérale obtenue à partir d'une boue de moussage d'une limite apparente d'élasticité élevée
DE102021128804A1 (de) 2021-11-05 2023-05-11 Fixit Trockenmörtel Holding AG Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Anmischen eines Mineralschaumstoffs sowie Applikationsverfahren für einen Mineralschaumstoff

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0056220A1 (fr) 1981-01-07 1982-07-21 Internationella Siporex Ab Procédé de fabrication d'éléments de construction multicouches légers
DD206407A1 (de) * 1981-11-03 1984-01-25 Inst Stahlbeton Forschungszent Aussenwandplatte
WO2004009927A1 (fr) * 2002-07-19 2004-01-29 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwool Gmbh & Co. Ohg Couche isolante en fibres minerales et paroi de batiment
EP2395171A1 (fr) * 2010-06-14 2011-12-14 Xella Baustoffe GmbH Panneau de construction ainsi que procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un panneau de construction
WO2012116379A1 (fr) * 2011-02-28 2012-09-07 Geolyth Mineral Technologie Gmbh Plaque multicouche minérale et son procédé de production
EP2681171A1 (fr) 2011-02-28 2014-01-08 Geolyth Mineral Technologie GmbH Plaque multicouche minérale et son procédé de production
EP3483131B1 (fr) 2017-11-09 2020-12-23 Holcim Technology Ltd Procédé de production d'une mousse minérale obtenue à partir d'une boue de moussage d'une limite apparente d'élasticité élevée
EP3739137A1 (fr) * 2019-05-16 2020-11-18 Weko Consulting and Engineering Ltd. Mur du bâtiment
DE102021128804A1 (de) 2021-11-05 2023-05-11 Fixit Trockenmörtel Holding AG Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Anmischen eines Mineralschaumstoffs sowie Applikationsverfahren für einen Mineralschaumstoff

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