EP1366642B1 - Keramik-kochfeld - Google Patents
Keramik-kochfeld Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1366642B1 EP1366642B1 EP02722099A EP02722099A EP1366642B1 EP 1366642 B1 EP1366642 B1 EP 1366642B1 EP 02722099 A EP02722099 A EP 02722099A EP 02722099 A EP02722099 A EP 02722099A EP 1366642 B1 EP1366642 B1 EP 1366642B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- ceramic
- layers
- insulating layer
- ceramic cooktop
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
- H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
- H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
- H05B3/748—Resistive heating elements, i.e. heating elements exposed to the air, e.g. coil wire heater
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
- Y10T428/2991—Coated
- Y10T428/2993—Silicic or refractory material containing [e.g., tungsten oxide, glass, cement, etc.]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a ceramic hob with a cooking plate made of glass ceramic or glass with an electrical heating conductor layer, and with an insulating layer between the cooking plate and the Schuleiter Mrs.
- Such a ceramic hob is, for example. From DE 31 05 065 C2 or from US 6,037,572.
- the well-known ceramic hob has a cooking plate from a Glass ceramic on the underside of a grounded metal layer sprayed on, in turn, an insulating layer is sprayed from alumina. At the bottom of the ceramic Insulating layer is a heating conductor by means of a printing technique applied.
- the insulating layer between heat conductor layer and hotplate is necessary because a glass-ceramic, such as Ceran®, has an NTC characteristic owns, that is, at rising temperatures increases the electrical conductivity noticeably.
- the electrical insulating layer must therefore be at operating temperatures have a dielectric strength of about 3,750 volts, to ensure the necessary operational safety according to VDE.
- the ceramic insulating layer with a significant layer thickness, for example, about 200-500 microns when using Al 2 O 3 as an insulating layer.
- the ceramic material tends to crack and, moreover, the thermal stresses due to the differences in the thermal expansion coefficients between the glass ceramic ( ⁇ 0.15 x 10 -6 K -1 ) and ceramic ( ⁇ 8.0 ⁇ 10 -6 K -1 for Al 2 O 3 ), considerable thermal stresses occur during operation, so that the ceramic insulating layer tends to flake off.
- the invention is therefore based on the object, an improved Ceramic hob to create in which the layer composite has a high stability in long-term operation and at the same time the necessary electrical breakdown strength of the insulating layer is ensured.
- the individual layers of the insulating layer are preferably produced by thermal spraying.
- the different porosities of the individual can Layers by different powder qualities or by the use of different burner, preferably by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS), or by variation of the Process parameters are generated during the coating process.
- APS atmospheric plasma spraying
- an electrically conductive intermediate layer may be provided which is preferably grounded.
- This electrically conductive intermediate layer consists in an advantageous embodiment of the invention of a cermet or an electrically conductive ceramic. While a good electrical conductivity is ensured by a cermet with a simultaneously low coefficient of thermal expansion, the use of an electrically conductive ceramic, such as TiO 2 by oxygen depletion during thermal spraying, offers the particular advantage of good chemical compatibility and adhesion the surface of the cooking plate at a simultaneously lower coefficient of expansion than a cermet.
- the electrically conductive intermediate layer is also preferred produced by thermal spraying.
- the ceramic insulating layer have a lower dielectric strength, wherein about 1,500 volts are sufficient in cooking mode. In case of error will at the electrical breakdown of the heating conductor on the hotplate as a result of their grounding triggered a fuse known per se.
- the layers are preferably centered relative to one another, in particular arranged concentrically with each other. Through a gradual, steady transition in the border area to the adjacent one Layer stresses in the edge area are avoided.
- the hob has several hotplates, e.g. 4 hotplates, so is the insulating layer and the associated others Layers preferably only in the region of the respective cooking area, to keep the total voltages as low as possible.
- the individual layers of the insulating layer are preferably made made of aluminum oxide, which has a particularly good adhesion and a has particularly good dielectric strength.
- Layers of mullite, cordierite, alumina with additives of titanium oxide, zirconium oxide or mixtures of zirconium oxide and magnesium oxide conceivable.
- Mullite and cordierite the advantage of a lower thermal expansion coefficient on, however, possess a not so good adhesion on one Glass ceramic surface such as alumina.
- layers of mullite or cordierite directly through to produce thermal spraying on a glass ceramic surface, because this is damaged by this.
- a primer layer such as alumina, titania, or mixtures thereof exists, sprayed onto the surface of the glass ceramic before the insulating layer of mullite or cordierite is sprayed on can be.
- the Hotplate on its side facing the Schuleiter harsh page an annularly closed depression on, in the vicinity the edge region of the sprayed onto the hotplate layer runs.
- This measure also contributes to the reduction of tension in the Border area at.
- an inventive ceramic hob is a total designated by the numeral 10.
- the ceramic hob 10 has a cooking plate 12 made of glass ceramic, made of, for example, Ceran® from Schott, which has just been formed and serves to accommodate cooking vessels.
- the bottom of the cooking plate 12 is at the places where a heating should be possible with one as a whole the number 14 designated insulating provided on the Bottom of a heat conductor layer 22 is applied.
- the insulating layer according to FIG. 1 consists of three partial layers 16, 18, 20, each by thermal spraying on the Hot plate 12 and the underlying layer applied are.
- the individual layers 16, 18, 20 are preferably circular formed and have the Bankleiter für 22 towards a decreasing surface, with the individual layers 16, 18, 20 are arranged concentrically with each other.
- the individual insulating layers 16, 18, 20 may, for example, of alumina exist and each have a porosity, the from the cooking plate 12 toward the Schuleiter Anlagen 22 out decreases.
- the first sub-layer could be on the surface the hotplate is applied by thermal spraying, a Porosity of the order of 15 to 20 percent by volume while the subsequent partial layer 18 has a porosity from about 5 to 10 percent by volume and the last sub-layer 20 have the lowest possible porosity could be around 1% or below.
- All of the layers 16, 18, 20 are by thermal Spraying (preferably atmospheric plasma spraying) applied.
- the total thickness of the insulating layer 14 in the use of Alumina at up to about 500 microns.
- the hotplate 12 Before the thermal spraying the hotplate 12 is not through pretreated the usual roughening, as this is a Damage to the glass ceramic surface would lead, but only purified, e.g. degreased with acetone.
- This heat conductor layer 22 contains a meandering wound heating conductor 24, for example, by a screen printing in conventional Way can be generated.
- the metallic ladder is a glassy fraction of mostly have more than 5%, so the flow temperatures at layer burn can be lowered. This glass content is reduced however, the metallic conductive portion of the subsegments of the respective conductor track.
- the track which raised a locally Has glass content, has a region with higher resistance, what the current flow possibly to overheat and the Material failure may result.
- the individual insulating layers 16, 18, 20 are preferably made of aluminum oxide, which allows a particularly good adhesion to the surface of the hotplate 12 can be achieved. At the same time, alumina has good dielectric strength. Due to the graded structure with the porosities decreasing towards the heating conductor layer 22, the problems due to thermally induced stresses caused by differences in the thermal expansion coefficients of about 8.0 at 10 -6 K -1 for Al 2 O 3 and of about ⁇ 0.15 x 10 -6 K -1 for Ceran®, significantly reduced.
- cordierite (2MgO 2 2Al 3 .5SiO 2 or mullite (3Al 2 O 3 .2SiO 2 ) as a ceramic insulating material, since this has a significantly lower coefficient of thermal expansion ⁇ of about 2.2 to 2.4 times 10 -6 K -1 for cordierite or from about 4.3 to 5.0 10 -6 K -1 for mullite.
- a thin adhesion promoter layer would have to be used on the order of about 10 to 150 microns, preferably from about 50 to 100 microns to the surface of the Glaskeramik be sprayed before the subsequent insulating layers be applied.
- primer layer is, for example. Alumina, Titanium oxide or mixtures thereof.
- Fig. 1 is still an annular recess 30th or groove recognizable, located at the bottom of the cooking plate 12 and surrounds the edge of the insulating layer 16 annular. This depression contributes to the tension reduction in this Area at.
- Fig. 2 is a modification of the erfingungswashen ceramic hob generally designated by the numeral 10 '.
- This embodiment differs from the one described above Execution in that the insulating layer 14 'only out two partial layers 16 ', 18', and that between the insulating layer 14 'and the hotplate 12 an intermediate layer 26th was produced from electrically conductive material. This intermediate layer 26 is grounded, as indicated by the numeral 28 is.
- the intermediate layer 26 could theoretically be made of metal, which, however, disadvantages due to the much higher mean thermal expansion coefficients of metals would.
- the intermediate layer 26 of an electrically conductive ceramic, such as TiO 2 , which undergoes so much oxygen depletion during the thermal spraying process that it becomes electrically conductive.
- Another alternative for producing the intermediate layer 26 consists in the use of a cermet, such as a nickel / chromium / cobalt alloy, in the carbides, such as tungsten carbide particles and chromium carbide particles are incorporated.
- a cermet such as a nickel / chromium / cobalt alloy
- the heating conductor layer 22 in turn, as already above mentioned, preferably by thermal spraying in conjunction with a masking process on the bottom of the bottom Partial layer 18 'of the insulating layer 14' produced.
- the individual layers 16, 18, 20 according to FIG. 1 or 26, 16 ', 18 'of FIG. 2 run at their edges gradually to each adjacent layer, so that continuous transitions arise. This will increase the risk of delamination in the edge area counteracted.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
- Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
- Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen Querschnitt einer ersten Ausführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Keramik-Kochfeldes und
- Fig. 2
- einen Querschnitt einer gegenüber der Ausführung gemäß Fig. 1 leicht abgewandelten Ausführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Keramik-Kochfeldes.
Claims (10)
- Keramik-Kochfeld mit einer Kochplatte (12) aus Glaskeramik oder Glas, mit einer elektrischen Heizleiterschicht (22), und mit einer Isolierschicht (14; 14') zwischen der Kochplatte (12) und der Heizleiterschicht (22), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Isolierschicht (14;14') aus einer Mehrzahl von Schichten (16, 18, 20; 16', 18') besteht, die eine zur Heizleiterschicht (22) hin abnehmende Porosität aufweisen.
- Keramik-Kochfeld nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einzelnen Schichten (16, 18, 20; 16', 18') der Isolierschicht (14; 14')durch thermisches Spritzen hergestellt sind.
- Keramik-Kochfeld nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der Isolierschicht (14') und der Kochplatte (12) eine elektrisch leitfähige Zwischenschicht (26) vorgesehen ist.
- Keramik-Kochfeld nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrisch leitfähige Zwischenschicht (26) aus einem Cermet oder einer elektrisch leitfähigen Keramik besteht.
- Keramik-Kochfeld nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrisch leitfähige Zwischenschicht (26) durch thermisches Spritzen hergestellt ist.
- Keramik-Kochfeld nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schichten (16, 18, 20; 16', 18') zur Heizleiterschicht (22) hin eine abnehmende Fläche einnehmen.
- Keramik-Kochfeld nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schichten (16, 18, 20; 16', 18') zueinander zentriert, insbesondere zueinander konzentrisch angeordnet sind.
- Keramik-Kochfeld nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schichten (16, 18, 20; 16', 18') in ihrem jeweiligen Randbereich allmählich zur jeweils benachbarten Schicht übergehen.
- Keramik-Kochfeld nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Isolierschicht (14; 14') aus Aluminiumoxid, aus Mullit, aus Cordierit, aus Aluminiumoxid mit Zusätzen von Titanoxid, aus Zirkonoxid oder Mischungen von Zirkonoxid und Magnesiumoxid besteht.
- Keramik-Kochfeld nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kochplatte (12) an ihrer der Heizleiterschicht (22) zugewandten Seite eine ringförmig geschlossene Vertiefung aufweist, die in der Nähe des Randbereiches der auf die Kochplatte (12) aufgespritzten Schicht (16, 26) verläuft.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10112234 | 2001-03-06 | ||
DE10112234A DE10112234C1 (de) | 2001-03-06 | 2001-03-06 | Keramik-Kochfeld |
PCT/EP2002/001743 WO2002071802A1 (de) | 2001-03-06 | 2002-02-19 | Keramik-kochfeld |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1366642A1 EP1366642A1 (de) | 2003-12-03 |
EP1366642B1 true EP1366642B1 (de) | 2005-01-12 |
Family
ID=7677415
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02722099A Expired - Lifetime EP1366642B1 (de) | 2001-03-06 | 2002-02-19 | Keramik-kochfeld |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6921882B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1366642B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1494815A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE287195T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2439142A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10112234C1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2235027T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002071802A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10225337A1 (de) * | 2002-06-06 | 2003-12-24 | Schott Glas | Kochsystem mit direkt geheizter Glaskeramikplatte |
DE10258727A1 (de) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-24 | Schott Glas | Ofen |
DE10329620A1 (de) * | 2003-06-26 | 2005-01-20 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Hochtemperaturbeständiges Bauteil und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
US8399972B2 (en) * | 2004-03-04 | 2013-03-19 | Skyworks Solutions, Inc. | Overmolded semiconductor package with a wirebond cage for EMI shielding |
US7834296B2 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2010-11-16 | Thermoceramix Inc. | Electric grill and method of providing the same |
US20070138167A1 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-06-21 | Nitai Friedman | Heated food warmer |
US8592730B2 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2013-11-26 | Tomier, Inc. | Heater assembly for suture welder |
ES2321467B1 (es) * | 2007-08-24 | 2010-03-04 | Bsh Electrodomesticos España, S.A. | Disposicion de dispositivo de coccion. |
US8049143B2 (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2011-11-01 | Smiths Medical Asd, Inc. | Hot plate heater for a respiratory system |
JP5709490B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-30 | 2015-04-30 | 京セラ株式会社 | セラミックヒータ |
ES2401890B1 (es) * | 2011-06-29 | 2014-04-10 | BSH Electrodomésticos España S.A. | Dispositivo de aparato doméstico |
DE102011082735A1 (de) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-21 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Kochfeldanordnung |
CN106686773B (zh) * | 2016-01-06 | 2019-09-10 | 黄伟聪 | 一种双面高导热能力的厚膜发热元件 |
WO2017130541A1 (ja) | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-03 | 株式会社デンソー | ヒータ装置 |
KR101762159B1 (ko) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-04 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 면상 발열장치, 이를 포함하는하는 전기 레인지 및 그 제조방법 |
KR102091251B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-03-19 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 전기 히터 |
CN110030590A (zh) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-07-19 | 浙江绍兴苏泊尔生活电器有限公司 | 烹饪炉具 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3110571A (en) * | 1958-07-01 | 1963-11-12 | Du Pont | Ceramic material bonded to metal having refractory oxide dispersed therein |
US3978315A (en) * | 1975-09-19 | 1976-08-31 | Corning Glass Works | Electrical heating units |
DE3105065A1 (de) * | 1981-02-12 | 1982-08-19 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Kochplatte aus glaskeramik |
US4764341A (en) * | 1987-04-27 | 1988-08-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Bonding of pure metal films to ceramics |
JPH01194282A (ja) * | 1988-01-28 | 1989-08-04 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | セラミック・ヒータ及び電気化学的素子並びに酸素分析装置 |
US5220155A (en) * | 1992-03-12 | 1993-06-15 | Emerson Electric Co. | Heating and sensing apparatus for range top |
DE4331702A1 (de) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-03-23 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Strahlungsheizkörper, insbesondere zum Beheizen einer glaskeramischen Kochplatte |
US6448538B1 (en) * | 1996-05-05 | 2002-09-10 | Seiichiro Miyata | Electric heating element |
US6037572A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 2000-03-14 | White Consolidated Industries, Inc. | Thin film heating assemblies |
GB2323507B (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 2000-11-29 | Ceramaspeed Ltd | Electric heater unit and method of manufacture |
WO1998051127A1 (en) * | 1997-05-06 | 1998-11-12 | Thermoceramix, L.L.C. | Deposited resistive coatings |
DE19817194A1 (de) * | 1998-04-17 | 1999-10-21 | Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete | Kochplatte mit elektrisch leitfähiger Keramikplatte |
-
2001
- 2001-03-06 DE DE10112234A patent/DE10112234C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-02-19 CA CA002439142A patent/CA2439142A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-02-19 DE DE50201994T patent/DE50201994D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-19 WO PCT/EP2002/001743 patent/WO2002071802A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-02-19 AT AT02722099T patent/ATE287195T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-02-19 ES ES02722099T patent/ES2235027T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-19 EP EP02722099A patent/EP1366642B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-19 CN CNA028059980A patent/CN1494815A/zh active Pending
-
2003
- 2003-08-25 US US10/647,811 patent/US6921882B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10112234C1 (de) | 2002-07-25 |
ATE287195T1 (de) | 2005-01-15 |
CN1494815A (zh) | 2004-05-05 |
DE50201994D1 (de) | 2005-02-17 |
US20040112886A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
CA2439142A1 (en) | 2002-09-12 |
EP1366642A1 (de) | 2003-12-03 |
ES2235027T3 (es) | 2005-07-01 |
WO2002071802A1 (de) | 2002-09-12 |
US6921882B2 (en) | 2005-07-26 |
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