EP1355836A1 - Verfahren zur lagerung und zum transport von chlorameisensäureestern - Google Patents
Verfahren zur lagerung und zum transport von chlorameisensäureesternInfo
- Publication number
- EP1355836A1 EP1355836A1 EP02702286A EP02702286A EP1355836A1 EP 1355836 A1 EP1355836 A1 EP 1355836A1 EP 02702286 A EP02702286 A EP 02702286A EP 02702286 A EP02702286 A EP 02702286A EP 1355836 A1 EP1355836 A1 EP 1355836A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- containers
- chloroformic acid
- acid esters
- chloroformate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- AOGYCOYQMAVAFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorocarbonic acid Chemical class OC(Cl)=O AOGYCOYQMAVAFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 17
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000004597 plastic additive Substances 0.000 description 16
- XMJHPCRAQCTCFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl chloroformate Chemical compound COC(Cl)=O XMJHPCRAQCTCFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- RIFGWPKJUGCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl chloroformate Chemical compound CCOC(Cl)=O RIFGWPKJUGCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- FTVFPPFZRRKJIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(C)N1 FTVFPPFZRRKJIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- FZFAMSAMCHXGEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro formate Chemical group ClOC=O FZFAMSAMCHXGEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- NTYICSDTCGMBQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(2-methylpropyl)formamide Chemical compound CC(C)CN(C=O)CC(C)C NTYICSDTCGMBQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 5
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nitrilotris(methylene)]trisphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001348 alkyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical compound CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960003750 ethyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001550224 Apha Species 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Hexadiene Natural products CC=CCC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SUAKHGWARZSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N‐diethylformamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C=O SUAKHGWARZSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene Chemical compound C=CCCC=C PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine Substances CC1(C)CCCC(C)(C)N1 RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOETUEMZNOLGDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl carbonochloridate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(Cl)=O YOETUEMZNOLGDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006832 PE-MD Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZURDIGGQEBJLQG-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Cl+].[O-]C=O Chemical compound [Cl+].[O-]C=O ZURDIGGQEBJLQG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- YSMHTFWPDRJCMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-yl carbonochloridate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(Cl)=O YSMHTFWPDRJCMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001726 carbonic acid ester halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000040 m-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- IVRIRQXJSNCSPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl carbonochloridate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(Cl)=O IVRIRQXJSNCSPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQKDTTWZXHEGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl carbonochloridate Chemical compound CCCOC(Cl)=O QQKDTTWZXHEGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012048 reactive intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000563 toxic property Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
- B65D85/70—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for
- B65D85/84—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for for corrosive chemicals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/6851—With casing, support, protector or static constructional installations
- Y10T137/7036—Jacketed
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for storing and transporting chloroformic acid esters in containers or pipelines which have a plastic surface on the inside, and to the use of such containers or
- Chloroformic acid esters especially the low molecular weight alkyl esters of chloroformic acid, are highly reactive intermediates in the manufacture of agricultural and pharmaceutical chemicals.
- Chloroformic acid esters can be obtained on an industrial scale by reacting the corresponding alcohols with phosgene. They are generally processed to the corresponding secondary products at other locations, so that storage and transport are generally required.
- chloroformic acid esters are classified as hazardous substances.
- the low-molecular-weight derivatives in particular have toxic properties, are particularly caustic due to their tendency to hydrolysis, especially in the presence of moisture, and form explosive mixtures with air.
- chloroformic acid esters tend to decompose, the corresponding alkyl chloride being formed with the elimination of carbon dioxide or the corresponding 1-alkene being formed with the elimination of carbon dioxide and hydrogen chloride. Both pathways are in Ullmann ann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 6 th edition, 2000 Electronic Release, Chapter "ESTERS CHLOROFORMIC" described and lead to the formation of gaseous decomposition products.
- chloroformic acid esters are transported and stored in larger containers, usually tank wagons, containers or drums. Because of the high chemical reactivity, only inert materials are chlorine formate use. For large containers, such as tank wagons or containers, enamelled metals, for example enamelled steel, are usually used. For smaller quantities of approximately one cubic meter and less, transport containers are used which are made entirely of plastic or are lined with plastic. In the latter types, metal drums, for example, which are lined with so-called inliner materials or inliner foils made of plastic, are common. As a rule, polyethylene is used as the plastic.
- stabilizers are usually added. This also applies to the above-mentioned, commonly used plastics.
- the stabilizers added are generally sterically hindered amines. Examples of the frequently used stabilizers are in V.Ya. Shlyapintokh et al. , "Antioxidant action of sterically hindered amines and related compounds" in "Developments in Polymer Stabilization 5", editor G. Scott, Applied Science Publishers, London / New Jersey 1982, pages 41 to 70 and J. Pospisil, " Activity Mechanisms of Amines in Polymer Stabilization "in” Polymer Durability ", publisher RL Clough et al. , Advances in Chemistry Series 249, 1993, pages 271 to 285.
- the stabilizers are usually added in amounts which give a total nitrogen content in the plastic of several hundred ppm by weight.
- decomposition products are formed by the decomposition of the chloroformate, which contaminate the chloroformate.
- the object was therefore to find a process for the storage and transport of chloroformic acid esters which no longer has the disadvantages mentioned above and in particular, even after prolonged storage for several months, to no or only extremely less decomposition of the chloroformic acid esters and thus leads to no or only an extremely slight increase in pressure.
- total nitrogen means the chemically bound nitrogen present in the plastic. Any molecular nitrogen (N) present in the plastic is not included in this term.
- the chemically bound nitrogen can be in inorganic and / or organic form. For example, it can be chemically bound in the polymer molecules or chemically bound in so-called additive additives, such as stabilizers.
- the total nitrogen content in the plastic is determined according to ASTM method D 6069-96 by pyrolysis, conversion of the nitrogen monoxide formed with ozone into excited nitrogen dioxide and photometric quantitative detection of the emitted light upon transition to the ground state. This method detects inorganic and organic nitrogen. Molecular nitrogen (N 2 ) is not included and is therefore not included in the term "total nitrogen”.
- a plastic which contains 0 to 100 ppm by weight, preferably 0 to 50 ppm by weight and particularly preferably 0 to 20 ppm by weight of total nitrogen.
- this forms 20 to 100%, preferably 50 to 100%, particularly preferably 90 to 100% and very particularly preferably 95 to 100%, in particular 98 to 100% of the surface of the inside.
- the remaining portion of the surface of the inside that is to say the 100% missing portion, can be made from other materials, for example plastics, which do not meet the stated criterion with regard to the total nitrogen content (hereinafter referred to as "other plastics"), metals or alloys or glass which are chemically inert to chloroformates.
- the plastics mentioned can be, for example, polymers based on one or different monomer (s) or mixtures of different polymers (so-called blends) in the process according to the invention.
- the plastics can be cross-linked or non-cross-linked. It is essential to fulfill the criterion mentioned with regard to the total nitrogen content.
- the plastics used should advantageously be chemically resistant to chloroformic acid esters to such an extent that they are not decomposed by chloroformic acid esters and do not give off any significant amounts of impurities to the chloroformic acid esters. Furthermore, the plastics used should not be or only extremely slightly permeable to chloroformic acid esters.
- Suitable plastics include, for example, polyolefins or halogenated polyolefins (e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene such as Teflon or vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymers such as V ton).
- polyolefins or halogenated polyolefins e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene such as Teflon or vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymers such as V ton).
- a polyolefin is preferably used as the plastic.
- polyolefin is to be understood as meaning polymers which essentially consist of [-CH-CR 1 R 2 -] units in which R 1 and R 2 independently of one another are hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched, saturated aliphatic or cycloaliphatic group are.
- the polyolefin molecules can be crosslinked or uncrosslinked.
- the polyolefin may also contain additives.
- the polyolefin can thus, for example, (i) be based on the same monomer (eg "pure polyethylene” or “pure polypropylene"), (ii) be based on different monomers (eg "polyethylene propylene copolymer” or copolymers of Ethylene or propylene with longer-chain olefins such as 1-butene or 1-hexene and / or dienes such as 1,3-butadiene or 1, 5-hexadiene) or (iii) contain different polyolefins (eg blends of different polyolefins).
- monomers eg "pure polyethylene propylene copolymer” or copolymers of Ethylene or propylene with longer-chain olefins such as 1-butene or 1-hexene and / or dienes such as 1,3-butadiene or 1, 5-hexadiene
- polyolefins eg blends of different polyolef
- polyethylenes examples include polyethylenes, polypropylenes and "polyethylene propylene copolymers".
- polyethylene polypropylenes and "polyethylene propylene copolymers”.
- polyethylene examples include in particular also polyolefins which are obtained by copolymerization with longer-chain olefins such as 1-butene or 1-He- Xen and / or dienes such as 1,3-butadiene or 1,5-hexadiene were obtained.
- Polyethylene is particularly preferably used as the plastic in the process according to the invention.
- suitable polyethylenes are PE-LD (low density), PE-LLD (linear low density), PE-HD (high density) and PE-MD (middle density).
- PE-LD low density
- PE-LLD linear low density
- PE-HD high density
- PE-MD middle density
- PE-HD very particularly preferred.
- the very particularly preferred PE-HD in the process according to the invention preferably contains less than 50 ppm by weight, very particularly preferably less than 20 ppm by weight and in particular less than 10 ppm by weight of nitrogen in the form of compounds from the secondary, tertiary series or quaternary amines, such as 4-amino-2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine and its derivatives, and N, N-dialkylformamides, such as N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-diethylformamide, N, N-di- sek-butylformamide or N, N-di-isobutylformamide.
- the size of the containers is generally irrelevant for the method according to the invention. Small containers, for example with a volume in the ⁇ L or mL range, medium-sized containers, for example in the L range, and large containers, for example in the m 3 range, and intermediate sizes can be used.
- the geometric shape of the containers is also generally irrelevant to the method according to the invention. Examples include (i) essentially spherical containers (eg so-called spherical tanks), (ii) essentially cylindrical containers (eg bottles, barrels, so-called cylinder tanks, tank wagons, reactors or separators) and (iii) essentially cubic or cuboidal containers (eg containers).
- essentially spherical containers eg so-called spherical tanks
- essentially cylindrical containers eg bottles, barrels, so-called cylinder tanks, tank wagons, reactors or separators
- essentially cubic or cuboidal containers eg containers.
- the containers or pipelines can consist, for example, for the most part or even entirely of the plastic mentioned.
- containers are, for example, bottles or barrels made of the plastic mentioned or containers, possibly with external metal braces.
- the closures of the above-mentioned containers preferably also consist predominantly of this plastic, and the seals which may be required may also contain other materials or may consist of these.
- the vessels or pipes can also take the form of a two-layer or multi-layer structural 'be constructed structure. So serves the outer layer or the outer part in the Generally mainly to meet mechanical requirements.
- the outer layer or the outer part can, for example, likewise comprise the plastic mentioned, a “different plastic”, a metallic, ceramic or mineral material, glass or combinations of these materials.
- the surface of the inside is formed in the above-mentioned proportion from the plastic mentioned. This can be present, for example, in the form of a film, a so-called inner liner (inliner) or some other lining, for example by plastic molded elements placed against one another.
- containers are drums made of metal, the plastic mentioned or a "other plastic", which are lined with a film of the plastic mentioned or contain a so-called inner container (inliner) made of this plastic.
- tanks or pipelines which are lined with a film or molded elements of the plastic mentioned or tanks which contain a so-called inner container (inliner) made of this plastic may also be mentioned.
- the closures of the containers mentioned can generally contain or consist of different materials such as, for example, “other plastics” or metals. They preferably also predominantly consist of the plastic mentioned, the seals which may be required may also contain other materials or consist of these.
- containers for the process according to the invention in particular in the form of bottles, barrels and containers.
- storage and transport explicitly include handling in plants and apparatus for the production or further processing of chloroformic acid esters.
- chloroformic acid esters which can be used in the process according to the invention have the general formula (I)
- R represents a carbon-containing organic radical
- An organic radical containing carbon is an unsubstituted or substituted, aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms. stand.
- carbon-containing organic radical are C 1 -C 2 -alkyl, particularly preferably C 1 -C 4 -alkyl (for example methyl, ethyl, 1-propyl, 2-propyl, 1-butyl, 2-butyl,
- C 6 - to Cio-aryl particularly preferably phenyl, C - to C ⁇ o ⁇ aralkyl, particularly preferably phenylmethyl and C 7 - to Cio-alkaryl, particularly preferably 2-methylphenyl, 3-methylphenyl and 4-methylphenyl.
- chloroformic acid C ⁇ to C 4 alkyl esters specifically methyl chloroformate, ethyl chloroformate, 1-propyl chloroformate, 2-propyl chloroformate, 1-chloroformate is very particularly preferred in the process according to the invention.
- the chloroformic acid ester can be stored or transported undiluted, for example with a content of> 99% by weight, or diluted in a solvent or in a reaction medium.
- the process according to the invention is preferably used for the storage and transport of undiluted chloroformic acid esters.
- the chloroformic acid ester is stored and transported in a bottle made of polyethylene, the polyethylene having a total nitrogen content of 0 to 100 ppm by weight.
- the chloroformate is stored and transported in a metal barrel with a so-called inner liner made of polyethylene, the polyethylene having a total nitrogen content of 0 to 100 ppm by weight.
- the chloroformic acid ester is stored and transported in a container made of polyethylene, the polyethylene having a total nitrogen content of 0 to 100 ppm by weight. Furthermore, the use of containers or pipelines according to the inventive method described above for the storage and transport of chloroformic acid esters has been found.
- J5 0121-212 also discloses the stabilization of chloroformic acid esters by adding amides. Furthermore, J5 0121-212 also teaches stabilization in the presence of tertiary amines, such as, for example, N, N-dimethylaniline or tributylamine.
- the process according to the invention and the use according to the invention enable the storage and transport of chloroformic acid esters in containers or pipelines, with no or only very slight decomposition of the chloroformic acid ester occurring even after prolonged, several months or even several years of storage. Since the chloroformic acid ester is not or only very slightly contaminated with decomposition products, the product quality is maintained. Due to the no longer existing or only extremely low pressure increase in the tank, a significant gain in safety is also achieved.
- Table 2a Content of methyl chloroformate in% by weight.
- Plastics A, B and C examined. The results are summarized in Tables 3a and 3b.
- Table 3a Content of ethyl chloroformate in% by weight
- Table 3b Color number according to APHA.
- Comparative examples 1 * and 2 * and 5 * and 6 * show that in the presence of stabilized plastics A and B, which have a total nitrogen content of 320 ppm by weight or 280 ppm by weight, the chloroformic acid ester decomposes.
- Examples 1 * and 2 * show that, in parallel with the decomposition of the methyl chloroformate, significant contamination occurs with the chloromethane degradation product.
- Examples 5 * and 6 * show a clearly measurable increase in the color number according to APHA.
- Table 4b Chloromethane content in GC area%.
- Table 5a Content of ethyl chloroformate in GC area%.
- Examples 13, 14, 19 and 20 show that even with the addition of 9 ppm by weight of nitrogen in the form of N, N-di-isobutylformamide, a clear decomposition of the chloroformic acid real alkyl ester used is induced with the formation of chloroalkane.
- Table 6a Content of methyl chloroformate in GC area%.
- Table 7a Content of ethyl chloroformate in GC area%.
- Examples 25 and 26 show that the addition of 18 ppm by weight of nitrogen in the form of 4-amino-2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine induces a measurable decomposition of methyl chloroformate to form chloromethane. In the case of ethyl chloroformate, under otherwise identical conditions, no effect ascertainable in the center of concentration (see Examples 31 and 32).
- Table 8a Content of methyl chloroformate in GC area%.
- Table 9a Content of ethyl chloroformate in GC area%.
- Table 9b Chloroethane content in GC area%.
- Examples 37 and 38 show that the addition of 90 ppm by weight of nitrogen in the form of, 4-amino-2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine induces a measurable decomposition of methyl chloroformate to form chloromethane.
- ethyl chloroformate a tendency towards decomposition can be observed in this concentration range under otherwise identical conditions.
- Examples 41 and 42 without “A.TMP" addition by up to 33% higher levels of chloroethane (see Examples 43 and 44).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Packging For Living Organisms, Food Or Medicinal Products That Are Sensitive To Environmental Conditiond (AREA)
- Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10102807A DE10102807A1 (de) | 2001-01-23 | 2001-01-23 | Verfahren zur Lagerung und zum Transport von Chlorameisensäureestern |
| DE10102807 | 2001-01-23 | ||
| PCT/EP2002/000499 WO2002059017A1 (de) | 2001-01-23 | 2002-01-19 | Verfahren zur lagerung und zum transport von chlorameisensäureestern |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1355836A1 true EP1355836A1 (de) | 2003-10-29 |
Family
ID=7671404
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02702286A Withdrawn EP1355836A1 (de) | 2001-01-23 | 2002-01-19 | Verfahren zur lagerung und zum transport von chlorameisensäureestern |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20020174897A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1355836A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2004517013A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20030069217A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1487898A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10102807A1 (de) |
| HU (1) | HUP0302734A2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002059017A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE794008A (fr) | 1972-01-13 | 1973-07-12 | Basf Ag | Procede de stabilisation d'esters d'acide chlorocarbonique |
| JPS50121212A (de) | 1974-03-11 | 1975-09-23 | ||
| US4712711A (en) * | 1982-03-05 | 1987-12-15 | Occidental Chemical Corporation | Container for transporting hazardous chemicals |
| US4673102A (en) * | 1985-05-02 | 1987-06-16 | Bullock Jr Thomas W | Protective coatings and method for protecting tank car containers |
| US5597085A (en) * | 1994-07-20 | 1997-01-28 | Fluoroware, Inc. | Composite, pressure-resistant drum type container |
| BE1009553A3 (nl) * | 1995-08-25 | 1997-05-06 | Eternit Nv | Dubbelwandige opslagtank. |
| AU702218B2 (en) * | 1997-03-31 | 1999-02-18 | Kyushu-Taiyoukasei., Ltd. | Liner film for bulk container and container liner |
-
2001
- 2001-01-23 DE DE10102807A patent/DE10102807A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-01-10 US US10/041,559 patent/US20020174897A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-01-19 JP JP2002559325A patent/JP2004517013A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-01-19 CN CNA028039939A patent/CN1487898A/zh active Pending
- 2002-01-19 HU HU0302734A patent/HUP0302734A2/hu unknown
- 2002-01-19 WO PCT/EP2002/000499 patent/WO2002059017A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2002-01-19 EP EP02702286A patent/EP1355836A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-01-19 KR KR10-2003-7009540A patent/KR20030069217A/ko not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO02059017A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20030069217A (ko) | 2003-08-25 |
| DE10102807A1 (de) | 2002-07-25 |
| US20020174897A1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
| JP2004517013A (ja) | 2004-06-10 |
| CN1487898A (zh) | 2004-04-07 |
| HUP0302734A2 (hu) | 2003-11-28 |
| WO2002059017A1 (de) | 2002-08-01 |
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