EP1344228A2 - Procede de dissolution des solides formes dans une installation nucleaire - Google Patents
Procede de dissolution des solides formes dans une installation nucleaireInfo
- Publication number
- EP1344228A2 EP1344228A2 EP01999687A EP01999687A EP1344228A2 EP 1344228 A2 EP1344228 A2 EP 1344228A2 EP 01999687 A EP01999687 A EP 01999687A EP 01999687 A EP01999687 A EP 01999687A EP 1344228 A2 EP1344228 A2 EP 1344228A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dissolution
- solution
- solids
- zirconium
- carbonate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium atom Chemical compound [Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbonate Chemical class N.N.OC(O)=O PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011162 ammonium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005323 carbonate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004135 Bone phosphate Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 21
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012738 dissolution medium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 zirconium molybdate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- FLDALJIYKQCYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium(iv) oxide Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Pu+4] FLDALJIYKQCYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052695 Americium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052685 Curium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHWSWLZMLAMQTK-UHFFFAOYSA-J [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Pu+4] Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Pu+4] GHWSWLZMLAMQTK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- OOGRSDXWXMYCFW-UHFFFAOYSA-J [Pu+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O Chemical class [Pu+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O OOGRSDXWXMYCFW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-KGJVWPDLSA-N beta-L-fucose Chemical compound C[C@@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-KGJVWPDLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DAWBXZHBYOYVLB-UHFFFAOYSA-J oxalate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O DAWBXZHBYOYVLB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 150000002913 oxalic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001226 reprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012487 rinsing solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GBNDTYKAOXLLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(4+) ion Chemical compound [Zr+4] GBNDTYKAOXLLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLQYNMNMYVUVHC-UHFFFAOYSA-F zirconium(4+) tetracarbonate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[Zr+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O PLQYNMNMYVUVHC-UHFFFAOYSA-F 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
- G21F9/002—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes
- G21F9/004—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes of metallic surfaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for dissolving the solids formed in a nuclear installation.
- solids which have formed on the walls of the apparatus and pipes, or which have accumulated at the bottom of the apparatuses of a nuclear fuel processing plant, or the tanks for storing liquid effluents originating in particular from reprocessing.
- These solids are formed on the walls of devices, tanks, containers, pipes and piping, in the form of scaling layers, or accumulate at the bottom of devices, tanks and other containers in the form of solid deposits.
- These solids consist essentially of the following crystalline forms:
- the solubility of a zirconium molybdate compound is less than 0.2 g / l in 4N nitric acid.
- One of the methods of the prior art dissolves part of these solids by two successive operations: namely an attack in basic medium by soda followed by a recovery of solids by nitric acid.
- the attack with sodium hydroxide allows the solubilization of ions with strong oxidation like molybdenum, but precipitates the other ions, of which the most troublesome are zirconium and plutonium, by formation of hydroxides with macromolecular structure [4].
- the penetration of the basic attack into the scaling layers is very limited by the re-precipitation of these compounds.
- soda is also penalizing for the operator because the possible presence of plutonium in the deposits requires at all times to guarantee the safety-criticality of the rinsing process by ensuring a non-accumulation of plutonium in hydroxylated form and requires rapid reacidification of alkaline solutions to avoid irreversible formation of hydrated plutonium oxide [4].
- the object of the invention is to provide a process for dissolving the solids formed in the apparatus and piping of a nuclear installation which meets, among other things, the needs indicated below and which satisfies some of the criteria and requirements. mentioned above, in particular, with regard to the dissolution medium.
- the object of the invention is also to provide a method for implementing the dissolution of the solids formed in the apparatus and piping of a nuclear installation which does not have the drawbacks, defects, limitations and disadvantages of the methods of the prior art and which provides a solution to the problems of the processes of the prior art.
- This object, and others still, are achieved, in accordance with the invention by a process for dissolving the solids formed in the apparatus and pipes of a nuclear installation in which said solids are brought into contact with an aqueous solution of dissolution chosen.
- aqueous solutions of carbonate ions with a concentration greater than or equal to 0.3M from aqueous solutions of carbonate ions with a concentration greater than or equal to 0.3M, aqueous solutions of bicarbonate ions, and aqueous solutions of a mixture of nitric acid and a polycarboxylic acid chosen from oxalic acid and triacids.
- the process of the invention uses aqueous solutions, the use of which for dissolving solids formed in the apparatus and piping of a nuclear installation, has never been mentioned or suggested in the prior art.
- the method of the invention meets all of the needs indicated above; in particular, the dissolution medium chosen from the aqueous solutions listed above satisfies all the criteria and all the requirements for such a dissolution medium.
- the contacting is generally carried out at moderate temperature, for example from 20 to 60 or 80 ° C., preferably at room temperature, for example 20-25 ° C.
- the contacting is relatively short, even to result in total dissolution of the solids. It will, for example, last from 1 to 24 hours depending on the physical form and the quantity of the compounds to be dissolved.
- the process of the invention also relates to a process for dissolving the solids formed in the apparatus and pipes of a nuclear installation.
- solid formed is meant the solid formed which is not the result of a normal process carried out in these installations, that is to say that it is undesirable, undesirable, parasitic solids which form in installations due in particular to the side reactions (undesired) which take place there or the fluids which circulate there.
- devices we mean all types of devices that can count the facilities mentioned above: it could be for example separation devices, dissolution devices, desorption, concentration, denitration, clarification, solution transfer, bubbling rods, measuring rods or nozzles.
- apparatus also includes tanks, reservoirs, vats, basins, enclosures for storing reagents, or liquid effluents, for example liquid effluents from reprocessing.
- piping is meant all piping and piping for fluid transfer which may be encountered in the installations described above.
- the solids which it is sought to eliminate, to dissolve, in the process of the invention are normally insoluble precipitates which are generally formed on the walls of the apparatus and pipes in the form of scaling layers or accumulated at the bottom of the apparatus. in the form of solid deposits.
- a solution can be circulated continuously over the deposits and / or layers to be eliminated, by rinsing the walls of the apparatus and pipes with the solution.
- these devices can be filled with the solution and left to act for the time necessary for the dissolution of the solids.
- the nature of the solids is variable, the compounds or crystalline forms which may be included in the composition of these solids are chosen, for example, from:
- the process according to the invention is just as effective, whatever the main constituent of the solids.
- the aqueous solution used in the process of the invention can be chosen from solutions of carbonate ions with a concentration greater than or equal to 0.3 M.
- the carbonate ion at these concentrations acts by the majority formation of charged ions soluble zirconium tetra-carbonate and plutonium following, for example, the reaction below for zirconium molybdate:
- the concentration of carbonate ions in the aqueous solution will preferably be 0.4M at the limit of solubility in water of the carbonate salt (from which the ion is derived). This limit varies, depending on the carbonate used and the temperature, it is generally from 2 M at 20 ° C to 3.4 M at 30 ° C, for example for sodium carbonate, for example it is d '' about 3M at 25 ° C for sodium carbonate.
- the solubility of the elements of the solid to be dissolved varies linearly with the initial concentration of carbonate ions up to the maximum concentration of carbonate ions (approximately 3 mol / 1 for sodium carbonate in water at 25 ° VS) .
- the solubility of zirconium molybdate is 315 g / 1 at 25 ° C for a carbonate concentration of 3 mol / 1 and the initial carbonate / dissolved Zr molar ratio is generally from 4 to 5 for example.
- the volume of dissolving solution used to dissolve the solids varies according to the concentration of the solution used but it is generally from 3 ml to 100 ml per gram of solids, for example for a 1 M carbonate solution is 10 to 30 ml per gram.
- the plutonium from the dissolved solids is stable for periods which exceed one week in the solution for dissolving carbonate ions, in the presence of the other dissolved elements. Its concentration is for example around 8 g / l in 1M carbonate medium. As with zirconium, the charged carbonate complexes are responsible for this stability.
- the salt from which the carbonate ions are derived is generally chosen from alkali metal ions such as sodium and potassium, alkaline earth metal ions and ammonium ions.
- alkali metal ions such as sodium and potassium, alkaline earth metal ions and ammonium ions.
- Sodium carbonate is preferred, but the use of different salts such as potassium or ammonium carbonates can give identical results while limiting the possibilities of coprecipitation of zirconium when hot (60 ° C.).
- the solubility of radio-contaminants other than plutonium can be increased by an appropriate choice of the counterion.
- the potassium counterion makes it possible to dissolve the basic forms of the antimony.
- the advantages of the carbonate ion as a dissolving reagent are numerous.
- an acid solution is added to the aqueous dissolution solution containing the carbonate ions; preferably a nitric acid solution.
- the destruction of the carbonate ion is complete after such acidification of the dissolution solution, for example with nitric acid.
- the aqueous dissolution solution can also be chosen from aqueous solutions of bicarbonate ions, or hydrogen carbonate, the concentration of these solutions is generally from 0 to 2 M in bicarbonate ions.
- the aqueous dissolution solution can finally be chosen from aqueous solutions comprising a mixture of nitric acid and a polycarboxylic acid chosen from oxalic acid and triacids.
- concentration of nitric acid in this solution is generally 0.05 to 1 M
- concentration of polycarboxylic acid in this solution is generally 0.3 to 1 M.
- the polycarboxylic acid which is used is therefore, according to the invention, generally chosen from oxalic acid and triacids such as citric acid. Oxalic acid is preferred.
- the mixture of oxalic and nitric acids acts by formation, when the oxalate concentration is sufficiently high (greater than 0.5 M), soluble charged oxalate complexes of zirconium and plutonium
- the dissolution of solids by the mixture of oxalic and nitric acids is at least as effective as sodium hydroxide and does not lead, under certain conditions, to the formation of solid species of zirconium and plutonium, for example when the concentration of oxalate ions is large enough (greater than or equal to about 0.5 M).
- the solubility of zirconium molybdate by this medium can be attributed by analogy with plutonium to the formation of complexes charged with zirconium oxalate, Zr (C 2 0) 3 ⁇ or Zr (C 2 0 4 ) 4 ⁇ preventing its condensation.
- the concentration of oxalate ions should preferably be sufficiently high (greater than or equal to about 0.5 M) and the concentration of nitric acid sufficiently low (less than or equal to 1 M) to limit the formation of neutral complexes capable of precipitating .
- the dissolution is carried out at a temperature of 20 to 80 ° C, for example 60 ° C and the solution resulting from the dissolution is stable at 25 ° C.
- the contacting step can be advantageously followed by a step of destroying the acids in the dissolution solution by oxidation, for example under the following conditions: nitric acidity of 3 N in the presence of Mn 2+ at 0.01 M at 100 ° C.
- the initial mass divided by the added volume is 96 + ⁇ g / 1: this is a value which increases the solubility in grams per liter.
- a lower value is obtained by analysis of an identical solution saturated with solid. To this end, 1.5 grams of zirconium molybdate crystals are placed in a flask containing 10 ml of 1 M sodium carbonate at a temperature of 20 ° C. The whole is stirred by a magnetic bar. After 10 hours, the solution is filtered with a filter of porosity 0.3 ⁇ m. The filtrate is dried for 6 days at 40 ° C until stabilization of the mass (the mass varies from less than 2% on a day of drying).
- the difference in mass before and after contact divided by the volume of the solution therefore 94 + 2 g / 1 in this example, is a lowering of the solubility.
- the solubility of zirconium molybdate in 1 M sodium carbonate at 20 ° C is therefore estimated to be between 92 and 97 g / L.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0015674 | 2000-12-04 | ||
FR0015674A FR2817492B1 (fr) | 2000-12-04 | 2000-12-04 | Procede de dissolution des solides formes dans une installation nucleaire |
PCT/FR2001/003821 WO2002046497A2 (fr) | 2000-12-04 | 2001-12-04 | Procede de dissolution des solides formes dans une installation nucleaire |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1344228A2 true EP1344228A2 (fr) | 2003-09-17 |
EP1344228B1 EP1344228B1 (fr) | 2006-11-15 |
Family
ID=8857196
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01999687A Expired - Lifetime EP1344228B1 (fr) | 2000-12-04 | 2001-12-04 | Procede de dissolution des solides formes dans une installation nucleaire |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20040045935A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1344228B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4372418B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1225744C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60124584T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2817492B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2002046497A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2951655B1 (fr) * | 2009-10-28 | 2011-12-23 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Utilisation de certains elements chimiques pour inhiber la formation de precipites comprenant du molybdate de zirconium dans une solution aqueuse comprenant l'element molybdene et l'element zirconium |
DE102009047524A1 (de) * | 2009-12-04 | 2011-06-09 | Areva Np Gmbh | Verfahren zur Oberflächen-Dekontamination |
JP6522969B2 (ja) * | 2015-01-30 | 2019-05-29 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 放射性物質の除去方法 |
US11363709B2 (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2022-06-14 | BWXT Isotope Technology Group, Inc. | Irradiation targets for the production of radioisotopes |
US11286172B2 (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2022-03-29 | BWXT Isotope Technology Group, Inc. | Metal-molybdate and method for making the same |
CA3008612A1 (fr) | 2018-06-18 | 2019-12-18 | Nova Chemicals Corporation | Elimination et nettoyage des catalyseurs de deshydrogenation |
CN111175238B (zh) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-04-02 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | 一种含铀钚的硝酸溶液中微量草酸浓度的分析方法 |
CN114684843B (zh) * | 2020-12-25 | 2023-11-03 | 中核四0四有限公司 | 一种快速氧化草酸的方法 |
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NL248734A (fr) * | 1959-02-24 | |||
US3080262A (en) * | 1959-04-07 | 1963-03-05 | Purex Corp | Process for removal of radioactive contaminants from surfaces |
US3288570A (en) * | 1963-08-16 | 1966-11-29 | Susquehanna Western Inc | Process for the selective recovery of uranium, zirconium and molybdenum |
US3243257A (en) * | 1963-09-11 | 1966-03-29 | Charles F Coleman | Recovery of uranium and zirconium from aqueous fluoride solutions |
US4302429A (en) * | 1976-11-08 | 1981-11-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for solution mining of uranium ores |
US4311341A (en) * | 1978-04-03 | 1982-01-19 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Company | Restoration of uranium solution mining deposits |
GB2050039B (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1983-01-19 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Dissolving plutanium containing nuclear fuels |
EP0071336B1 (fr) * | 1981-06-17 | 1986-03-26 | Central Electricity Generating Board | Procédé pour la dissolution chimique des dépôts d'oxyde |
US4880559A (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1989-11-14 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Ceric acid decontamination of nuclear reactors |
FR2601379A1 (fr) * | 1986-07-09 | 1988-01-15 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Produit decapant pour pieces en acier et procede de decapage utilisant ce produit |
BE1002593A3 (nl) * | 1988-11-09 | 1991-04-02 | Lemmens Godfried | Werkwijze voor de dekontaminatie van radioaktief besmette materialen. |
JP2914506B2 (ja) | 1990-01-16 | 1999-07-05 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | コンクリート表面付着有害物質の除去方法 |
US5071582A (en) * | 1990-08-06 | 1991-12-10 | Basf Corporation | Coolant system cleaning solutions having silicate or siliconate-based corrosion inhibitors |
US5322644A (en) * | 1992-01-03 | 1994-06-21 | Bradtec-Us, Inc. | Process for decontamination of radioactive materials |
FR2746207B1 (fr) | 1996-03-14 | 1998-05-29 | Procede et installation pour le traitement d'un effluent aqueux issu de la decontamination ou du nettoyage chimique d'une centrale nucleaire |
-
2000
- 2000-12-04 FR FR0015674A patent/FR2817492B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-12-04 US US10/433,168 patent/US20040045935A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-12-04 DE DE60124584T patent/DE60124584T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-04 CN CN01819943.7A patent/CN1225744C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-04 JP JP2002548209A patent/JP4372418B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-04 WO PCT/FR2001/003821 patent/WO2002046497A2/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2001-12-04 EP EP01999687A patent/EP1344228B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2007
- 2007-05-08 US US11/800,890 patent/US8221640B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO0246497A2 * |
Also Published As
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WO2002046497A3 (fr) | 2002-08-01 |
DE60124584D1 (de) | 2006-12-28 |
EP1344228B1 (fr) | 2006-11-15 |
CN1225744C (zh) | 2005-11-02 |
US8221640B2 (en) | 2012-07-17 |
JP2004526128A (ja) | 2004-08-26 |
US20040045935A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
WO2002046497A2 (fr) | 2002-06-13 |
US20080006606A1 (en) | 2008-01-10 |
DE60124584T2 (de) | 2007-09-27 |
FR2817492B1 (fr) | 2003-07-18 |
FR2817492A1 (fr) | 2002-06-07 |
JP4372418B2 (ja) | 2009-11-25 |
CN1478283A (zh) | 2004-02-25 |
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