EP1342889B1 - Dispositif d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion comportant un convertisseur catalytique - Google Patents

Dispositif d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion comportant un convertisseur catalytique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1342889B1
EP1342889B1 EP02026118A EP02026118A EP1342889B1 EP 1342889 B1 EP1342889 B1 EP 1342889B1 EP 02026118 A EP02026118 A EP 02026118A EP 02026118 A EP02026118 A EP 02026118A EP 1342889 B1 EP1342889 B1 EP 1342889B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
exhaust system
catalytic converter
exhaust gas
exhaust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02026118A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1342889A1 (fr
EP1342889A9 (fr
Inventor
Gerd Dr. Gaiser
Peter Dr. Zacke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
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J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP1342889A9 publication Critical patent/EP1342889A9/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate silencers in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
    • F01N3/281—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2825—Ceramics
    • F01N3/2828—Ceramic multi-channel monoliths, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2882—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust system for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such exhaust systems with exhaust gas converter are e.g. from DE 35 36 315 A1. known.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of an exhaust system of the initially type to make available, in which after a cold start of the engine a quickly reaching the light-off temperature in the Interior of the exhaust converter is possible.
  • the exhaust system has the features in claim 1.
  • Catalyst bodies are very common in two technical versions: Ceramic monolith containing a large number of longitudinal flow channels and metal catalyst bodies, in which also a large number of longitudinal flow channels is present, these flow channels by the mating of a corrugated sheet with a flat sheet metal and spiral-like winding of this pairing are made. Often they are called the Flow channels, when viewed in the axial direction, "cells", and the term “cell density” denotes the number of cells per unit area in the front view of the Catalyst body.
  • the indication of cell density naturally means as well an indication of the flow cross-section of each individual cell or each individual Flow channel, in addition, the wall thickness between adjacent Flow channels is received.
  • Catalytically active material is deposited on the walls of the flow channels.
  • the standard technique is to use a so-called washcoat as a liquid suspension, the washcoat in particular a suspension of fine ceramic particles (typically aluminum oxide) in a suspension liquid is. After drying the washcoat has a porous, strong Surface-increasing coating on the walls of the flow channels.
  • the actual catalyst particles typically the precious metals in particular Platinum, palladium and rhodium, will either be final on the Washcoat deposited or applied in form contained in the washcoat suspension.
  • Mass flow e.g., in kg / s
  • temperature e.g., in M / s
  • flow rate e.g., in M / s
  • From a given Mass flow at a given temperature results in a (mean) flow velocity (at a considered flow cross-section). If at held constant mass flow increases or decreases the temperature increased because of the associated density change of the exhaust gas, the flow rate or humiliates.
  • the exhaust system is in the inlet pipe of the exhaust gas converter arranged a swirl generator, which leaves a central flow path.
  • the swirl generator can be designed so that at a low range of the occurring flow velocities (one could also say: “at one low portion of the occurring mass flows "or” at a low sub-range of the occurring exhaust gas temperatures ", whereby the mutual Dependence of the mentioned parameters is to be considered) the exhaust gas predominantly or even almost completely only through the free central flow path flows in the inlet pipe and from there into the end face of the inner region.
  • a "start" of a catalyst body is the achievement of an operating point in which the conversion of the exhaust components to be converted widely used.
  • To start is primarily the achievement the light-off temperature required.
  • the light-off temperature can be passed through Select parameters that are related to the washcoat, compare more detailed explanations below.
  • Of particular influence is the number of so-called catalytically "active centers" of the coating of the flow channels. In the larger catalyst activity of the invention indoors Outside, in principle, there are a larger number of active ones Centers.
  • the invention provides an exhaust system, in which the exhaust gas converter preferably flows in its interior when the flow rate of the exhaust gas is in a low partial range the occurring flow velocities is (especially typical: Idling, but also operating at fairly low speeds, especially at not widely opened throttle).
  • the primarily flowed through interior area The catalyst body heats up much faster than if the entire catalyst body would have to be heated. The light-off temperature is indoors reached faster.
  • the greater catalyst activity favors the exhaust gas conversion in this "warm-up state" of the exhaust system. Especially the behavior after a cold start of the engine is significantly improved.
  • the greater catalyst activity in the interior leads to that in the described states with primary flow through the interior the exhaust gas conversion compared to the situation without increasing the catalyst activity, is favored. In the situation of the primary flow of the Outside, the interior is spared.
  • the interior with larger cell density geometric with the interior area with greater catalyst activity is identical (as is the outdoor area), it is noted that one Basically, it can also form so that the interior area with greater cell density a smaller or larger frontal area than the interior area with larger ones Catalyst activity has (as the outdoor area).
  • the invention is not limited to that of the catalyst body in only two Subareas, as they have been described as indoor and outdoor are, has. There are also possible versions, where more than can distinguish two sub-areas, which in terms of catalyst activity and, if necessary, differentiate cell density.
  • the exhaust gas converter is designed so that at least 40%, especially preferably at least 50% and most preferably at least 60%, the incoming exhaust gas flow through the interior of the catalyst body flow when the exhaust stream has a flow rate in a lower Part of the range of flow rates occurring during operation in the exhaust system Has.
  • Said lower portion preferably comprises 0 to 10%, more preferably 0 to 20%, and most preferably 0 to 30% of the total range of flow velocities occurring.
  • the exhaust gas converter is designed so that at least 80%, especially preferably at least 90%, of the inflowing exhaust gas flow through the exterior of the catalyst body flow when the exhaust gas flow is a flow velocity in an upper portion of the operation in the exhaust system has occurring range of flow velocities.
  • the named Upper portion preferably comprises 80 to 100%, more preferably 70 to 100% of the total range of flow velocities occurring. What the area size of the end face of the inner portion of the catalyst body When this area size is within the range, it is preferred that which starts with the cross-sectional area of the free central flow path up to the total flow area of the downstream end of the inlet pipe goes. But it is also possible, the end face of the inner area even greater do.
  • the swirl generator with its outside on the inside of the Attached inlet tube, particularly preferably welded. That way is one outside flow around the swirl generator excluded.
  • the swirl generator has been produced integrally with the feed pipe, in particular by casting or by high pressure forming.
  • the swirl generator an annular ring of vanes.
  • the swirl generator at least one helical longitudinally the inflow pipe extending flow guide on; the idiom "along the inlet pipe” should not mean “along the entire inlet pipe", but only the longitudinal orientation of the flow guide play.
  • the number of vanes or the flow guide has a considerable Influence on the uniformity of the generated centrifugal field.
  • a bigger one Number causes a uniform centrifugal field.
  • the swirl generator is designed with overlapping vanes, one has even at low flow velocities a tangible flow resistance in the swirl generator; the outflow is particularly pronounced only too the interior of the catalyst body. On the other hand, one has at high flow rates a relatively high flow resistance.
  • the angle of attack of the guide vanes or the flow guide has a special great influence on the strength of the generated twist.
  • Strong employee Guide vanes guide e.g. even at medium flow velocities to one so strong swirl that the part of the exhaust gas flow to the inflow of the interior the catalyst body is very small.
  • the angle of attack is measured relative to the axial direction of the inlet pipe.
  • the height of the guide vanes or the flow guide has particular influence on the Proportion of flow at low flow rates to the interior to flow of the catalyst body.
  • the free central flow path becomes a larger part of the flow to the Flow inside the catalyst body.
  • the distance between the swirl generator and the end face of the inner area of the catalyst body has considerable influence. The larger this distance is, the more the flow of the outdoor area is favored.
  • the inner region of the catalyst body has an end face, the occupies at most 20% of the total end face of the catalyst body, especially preferably at most 15% of the total end face and most preferably at most 10%.
  • the percentage of the total face area chosen for a specific product is a compromise between the safest possible flow predominantly indoors only, especially when warming up the internal combustion engine, on the one hand, and the best possible protection of the interior at high load conditions of the internal combustion engine and / or high exhaust gas temperatures, on the other hand.
  • the area-related cell density in the interior is at least 1.2 times the cell density outdoors, more preferably at least 1.5 times and most preferably at least 1.7 times.
  • a larger precious metal loading provided, particularly preferred an at least 20% greater noble metal loading, and most preferably at least 30% greater precious metal loading than outdoors.
  • a finer noble metal dispersion provided, particularly preferred an at least 20% finer noble metal dispersion, and most preferably at least 30% finer precious metal dispersion than outdoors.
  • an at least 20% finer noble metal dispersion and most preferably at least 30% finer precious metal dispersion than outdoors.
  • the finer the noble metal dispersion used the greater the risk of aging by sintering the active centers at high exhaust gas temperatures.
  • the interior of the catalyst body is only on a partial length with greater catalyst activity than the outdoor area.
  • the interior in his To make cross-section larger than it is using its entire length would have to do with greater catalyst activity, and instead only a partial length of the interior with greater catalyst activity.
  • a special suitable method for applying the washcoat on a partial length of the inner area is that you put the catalyst body on top of a piece of pipe and feed the suspension from below through the tube until it has reached a certain height in the interior of the catalyst body. Subsequently the excess suspension is blown down.
  • the coating of the catalyst body with the washcoat suspension can in a dive with subsequent blowing or in several dives be carried out successively with subsequent blowing, wherein in the latter case, the coating is built up in several steps.
  • at the interior of the catalyst body can be either based on a Washcoat similar to the outdoor applied Washcoat, one or several Washcoatlagen in particular for generating the larger catalyst activity muster.
  • the inlet pipe preferably has in the interest of effective generation of the swirling flow a circular cross-section.
  • a circular cross section is also for the exhaust converter housing overall preferred because this is for a spiral Flow provides the best flow conditions.
  • a substantially elliptical configuration of the housing cross-section is preferred.
  • a substantially elliptical cross-sectional configuration is with mufflers, which are mounted under the floor of motor vehicles, quite often encountered. As with mufflers is the lower the exhaust gas converter Height compared to a cross-sectionally identical exhaust gas converter with circular Emphasize cross section as an advantage.
  • the longitudinal central axis of the inner region of the catalyst body with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the overall catalyst body to arrange staggered.
  • typical examples are non-central positioning of the inlet pipe and inclined inlet of the inlet pipe called in the housing.
  • the end face of the interior of the catalyst body should be positioned so that through the free central flow path flowing exhaust stream or not detected by the swirl flow Part of the exhaust gas flow within the end face of the inner region on the catalyst body meets.
  • a targeted flow resistance provide for increased training, in particular in the form of a local constriction the flow cross-section or in the form of local flow brakes.
  • a specifically designed to increase the flow resistance for the interior training favors flow towards the exterior of the catalyst body (as in principle with the measure "larger cell density in the interior area" of the Case is) and vice versa.
  • Targeted the flow resistance increasing training are an extremely effective way to achieve virtually perfect switching to achieve the swirl generator / free central flow path, where in this Case in the design of the swirl generator has gained more freedom.
  • an inner pipe piece in front of the front side of the inner portion of the catalyst body is positioned, which are preferably substantially the same Diameter as the interior has.
  • the inner pipe piece favors the inflow to the interior at low flow rates.
  • Fig. 1 is an exhaust system 2 for an internal combustion engine of a vehicle represented with their most essential components. Progressing from the upstream End to the downstream end you have the following components: Manifold 4, which is screwed to the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine and the exhaust gases from the cylinders of the internal combustion engine in a common Pipe section 6 merges; catalytic exhaust gas converter 12; middle silencer 14; Pipe section 16, around the rear axle of the motor vehicle round lead; End silencer 18.
  • an inventive exhaust gas converter 12 is shown.
  • a swirl generator 40th arranged.
  • the swirl generator 40 consists of a circumferentially distributed ring of vanes 46, which is shown schematically in Fig. 2 as an inclined surface are and can be seen somewhat more clearly in Fig. 3.
  • the vanes 46 are on its radially outer edge welded to the inside of the inlet pipe 22 and have a radial height 48, see Fig. 3.
  • the vanes leave with their inner edges free a central flow path 50 whose diameter at the illustrated embodiment about 60% of the inner diameter of the Inlet pipe 22 is.
  • the diameter of the central flow path indicated by two dotted lines 52.
  • a catalyst body 60 is supported, e.g. as a ceramic monolith with a plurality of longitudinal flow channels through it 62 is constructed.
  • the catalyst body 60 has an interior region 64 and a Outdoor area 66 on.
  • the inner region 64 has a longitudinal center axis which coincides with the Longitudinal center axis 68 of the entire catalyst body 60 coincides.
  • the area size the end face 70 of the inner region 64 is slightly larger than the cross section the free central flow path 50.
  • Exhaust gas flow is, as far as the inlet pipe 22 before the swirl generator 40, with arrows 80 drawn.
  • the local exhaust stream 80 has at a certain operating condition the internal combustion engine a certain mass flow, one of them resulting certain (averaged over the flow cross-section) flow rate and a temperature (averaged over the flow area).
  • Fig. 2 illustrates with arrows, which can be seen as an illustration of the flow rate or as an illustration of the mass flow can.
  • the swirl generator 40 is in function (especially the incoming exhaust gas stream 80 no longer so easily almost in the total central flow path 50 can flow, because a strong nozzle-like acceleration would have to take place); when flowing through the swirl generator 40th impinged swirl flow exerts centrifugal forces on the flow, causing the flow in the region of the extension section 24a goes radially outward.
  • the inner region 64 has a considerably greater cell density when the outside area 66 has.
  • the individual cells are designated by 82.
  • the modification is illustrated in which the catalyst body 60 overall has a substantially elliptical cross-section.
  • the interior 64 still has a circular cross-section.
  • the modification is illustrated that the inner region 64 a has square cross section.
  • a square cross section is perfect exploit with square in cross-section cells 82.
  • Fig. 8 is an end view of the end face 84 and in cross section of a second Embodiment of an exhaust converter 8 and a catalyst body 60 shown, that the flow channels 62 of the catalyst body 60 in the inner region 64 executed with increased catalyst activity, illustrated in the drawing by darker coloring. This may be higher precious metal loading, to finer precious metal dispersion to other precious metal composition or to act on several of these actions.
  • the cell density in the inner area 64 is equal to the cell density in the outer area 66. But you could also, as in the first embodiment, with a higher cell density indoors 64 work.
  • FIG. 8 shows circular cross sections as in FIG. 5.
  • the modification is drawn in that the total catalyst body 60 is essentially elliptical, analogous to FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment in which an inner area 64 with a greater cell density is placed eccentrically to the longitudinal central axis 68 of the catalyst body 60. In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 11, this is drawn analogously for an interior region 64 with increased catalyst activity.
  • a fifth embodiment is drawn, wherein the interior 64 of the catalyst body 60 only in an upstream partial length 86 with increased catalyst activity is carried out.
  • the partial length is about 50% of the total length of the catalyst body 60th
  • FIG. 13 an embodiment is shown in which the swirl generator 40 by a helically extending flow guide 88 instead of vanes 46 is realized.
  • the flow guide 88 has a radial height 48th Instead only a helical flow guide 88 (which at least one 360 ° -Windung should be long), as drawn in Fig. 13, you can also provide two (or even more) flow guide 88, which by 180 ° (or. 90 °, 72 ° etc.) start offset.
  • the fluidic effect of the flow guide 88 is analogous to the effect related above with the vanes 46 has been described.
  • the flow guide 88 is welded with its outer edge on the inside of the inlet pipe 22.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Installation de gaz d'échappement (2) pour moteurs à combustion interne, présentant un convertisseur catalytique de gaz d'échappement (12) avec un boítier (24), un tuyau d'admission (22) et un corps de catalyseur (60) maintenu dans le boítier (24),
    un générateur de tourbillon (40) étant disposé dans le tuyau d'admission (22) et libérant un chemin d'écoulement central (50) et
    le corps de catalyseur (60) comprenant une région interne (64) avec des canaux d'écoulement (62 ; 82) parcourus par du gaz d'échappement, actifs du point de vue catalytique, et une région externe (66) avec des canaux d'écoulement (62 ; 82) parcourus par du gaz d'échappement, actifs du point de vue catalytique,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les canaux d'écoulement (62) dans la région interne (64) sont réalisés avec une activité catalytique plus importante que celle des canaux d'écoulement (62) dans la région externe (66).
  2. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la densité des cellules des canaux d'écoulement dans la région interne (64) est plus importante que dans la région externe (66).
  3. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce que le convertisseur de gaz d'échappement (12) est conçu de telle sorte qu'au moins 40% du courant de gaz d'échappement affluant s'écoule à travers la région interne du corps de catalyseur (60) lorsque le courant de gaz d'échappement a une vitesse d'écoulement dans une plage partielle inférieure de la plage de vitesses d'écoulement existant lors du fonctionnement de l'installation de gaz d'échappement.
  4. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisée en ce que le convertisseur de gaz d'échappement (12) est conçu de telle sorte qu'au moins 80% du courant de gaz d'échappement affluant s'écoule à travers la région externe du corps de catalyseur (60) lorsque le courant de gaz d'échappement a une vitesse d'écoulement dans une plage partielle supérieure de la plage de vitesses d'écoulement existant lors du fonctionnement de l'installation de gaz d'échappement.
  5. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisée en ce que la région interne (64) du corps de catalyseur présente une surface frontale dont la dimension est dans la plage de la section transversale du chemin d'écoulement libre central jusqu'à la section transversale de l'extrémité aval du tuyau d'admission (22).
  6. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisée en ce que le générateur de tourbillon (40) est fixé dans le tuyau d'admission (22), de préférence par soudage.
  7. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisée en ce que le générateur de tourbillon (40) a été fabriqué intégralement avec le tuyau d'admission (22).
  8. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisée en ce que le générateur de tourbillon (40) présente une couronne annulaire d'aubes directrices.
  9. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisée en ce que le générateur de tourbillon (40) présente au moins un élément directeur d'écoulement s'étendant en forme d'hélice le long du tuyau d'admission (22).
  10. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon la revendication 8 ou 9,
    caractérisée en ce que l'angle d'attaque des aubes directrices ou de l'élément directeur d'écoulement augmente le long du tuyau d'admission (22).
  11. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10,
    caractérisée en ce que la hauteur radiale des aubes directrices ou de l'élément directeur d'écoulement augmente le long du tuyau d'admission (22).
  12. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11,
    caractérisée en ce que la région interne (64) du corps de catalyseur présente une surface frontale qui constitue au plus 20% de la surface frontale totale du corps de catalyseur (60).
  13. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 12,
    caractérisée en ce que la densité des cellules par rapport à la surface dans la région interne (64) est au moins le double de celle dans la région externe (66).
  14. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13,
    caractérisée en ce que pour la plus grande activité catalytique dans la région interne (64) du corps de catalyseur, on prévoit une charge en métaux précieux plus importante, de préférence une charge en métaux précieux d'au moins 20% plus importante que dans la région externe (66).
  15. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14,
    caractérisée en ce que pour la plus grande activité catalytique dans la région interne (64) du corps de catalyseur (60), on prévoit une dispersion de métaux précieux plus fine, de préférence une dispersion de métaux précieux d'au moins 20% plus fine que dans la région externe (66).
  16. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15,
    caractérisée en ce que pour la plus grande activité catalytique dans la région interne (64) du corps de catalyseur, on prévoit une autre composition de métaux précieux que dans la région externe (66).
  17. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16,
    caractérisée en ce que la région interne (64) du corps de catalyseur (60) n'est réalisée que sur une longueur partielle avec une activité catalytique plus importante que celle de la région externe (66).
  18. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17,
    caractérisée en ce que le convertisseur de gaz d'échappement (12) a une section transversale essentiellement elliptique.
  19. Installation de gaz d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18,
    caractérisée en ce que l'axe médian longitudinal de la région interne (64) du corps de catalyseur (60) est décalé par rapport à l'axe médian longitudinal du corps de catalyseur (60).
EP02026118A 2002-01-14 2002-11-23 Dispositif d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion comportant un convertisseur catalytique Expired - Lifetime EP1342889B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10201042 2002-01-14
DE2002101042 DE10201042A1 (de) 2002-01-14 2002-01-14 Abgasanlage für Verbrennungsmotoren, mit einem katalytischen Abgaskonverter

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EP1342889A9 EP1342889A9 (fr) 2004-10-20
EP1342889B1 true EP1342889B1 (fr) 2005-09-07

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CN100491705C (zh) * 2007-03-19 2009-05-27 湖南大学 汽车尾气三效催化转化器
US7682577B2 (en) 2005-11-07 2010-03-23 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Catalytic exhaust device for simplified installation or replacement
US7682578B2 (en) 2005-11-07 2010-03-23 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Device for catalytically reducing exhaust
US7722828B2 (en) 2005-12-30 2010-05-25 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Catalytic fibrous exhaust system and method for catalyzing an exhaust gas

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DE112006001805A5 (de) 2005-07-19 2008-06-26 Avl List Gmbh Abgasstrang einer Brennkraftmaschine
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AT502545B1 (de) * 2005-10-13 2008-06-15 Avl List Gmbh Abgassystem
WO2007033389A1 (fr) * 2005-09-20 2007-03-29 Avl List Gmbh Moteur a combustion interne
US7211232B1 (en) 2005-11-07 2007-05-01 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Refractory exhaust filtering method and apparatus
EP1982756A1 (fr) * 2007-04-19 2008-10-22 Magneti Marelli Sistemi di Scarico S.p.a. Système d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne
DE102007021598B4 (de) * 2007-05-08 2022-10-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Verteilen von fließfähigen Zusatzstoffen in Abgasanlagen
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DE102011117090B4 (de) * 2011-10-27 2023-01-26 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung
DE102012004924A1 (de) 2012-03-10 2013-09-12 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Abgasnachbehandlungskomponente mit HC-Adsorberfunktion sowie Abgasanlage mit einer solchen
JP5780247B2 (ja) 2013-01-23 2015-09-16 トヨタ自動車株式会社 触媒コンバーター
JP5757297B2 (ja) * 2013-01-23 2015-07-29 トヨタ自動車株式会社 触媒コンバーター
JP5888259B2 (ja) 2013-02-13 2016-03-16 トヨタ自動車株式会社 触媒コンバーター
JP5821887B2 (ja) * 2013-04-03 2015-11-24 トヨタ自動車株式会社 触媒コンバーター
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US7682578B2 (en) 2005-11-07 2010-03-23 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Device for catalytically reducing exhaust
US7722828B2 (en) 2005-12-30 2010-05-25 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Catalytic fibrous exhaust system and method for catalyzing an exhaust gas
CN100491705C (zh) * 2007-03-19 2009-05-27 湖南大学 汽车尾气三效催化转化器

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DE10201042A1 (de) 2003-08-07
EP1342889A1 (fr) 2003-09-10
EP1342889A9 (fr) 2004-10-20

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