EP1342889A1 - Dispositif d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion comportant un convertisseur catalytique - Google Patents

Dispositif d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion comportant un convertisseur catalytique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1342889A1
EP1342889A1 EP02026118A EP02026118A EP1342889A1 EP 1342889 A1 EP1342889 A1 EP 1342889A1 EP 02026118 A EP02026118 A EP 02026118A EP 02026118 A EP02026118 A EP 02026118A EP 1342889 A1 EP1342889 A1 EP 1342889A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
exhaust system
catalyst body
exhaust gas
catalyst
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02026118A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1342889A9 (fr
EP1342889B1 (fr
Inventor
Gerd Dr. Gaiser
Peter Dr. Zacke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG filed Critical J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1342889A1 publication Critical patent/EP1342889A1/fr
Publication of EP1342889A9 publication Critical patent/EP1342889A9/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1342889B1 publication Critical patent/EP1342889B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate silencers in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
    • F01N3/281—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2825—Ceramics
    • F01N3/2828—Ceramic multi-channel monoliths, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2882—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, comprising a catalytic exhaust gas converter with a housing, a catalyst body supported in the housing, and a supply pipe.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of making an exhaust system of the type mentioned available, in which the exhaust gas converter has a better combination of fast light-off behavior and nevertheless good aging behavior compared to the previously usual.
  • the exhaust system is characterized in that that in the inlet pipe of the exhaust gas converter, a swirl generator is arranged, which leaves a central flow path free; and that the catalyst body, viewed in the axial direction of view, has an inner area and an outer area, the cell density of the flow channels being greater in the inner area than in the outer area.
  • Catalyst bodies are particularly common in two technical designs: ceramic monolith having a large number of longitudinal flow channels, and metal catalyst bodies also having a large number of longitudinal flow channels, these flow channels being due to the mating of a corrugated sheet made with a flat sheet and spirally winding this pairing. Often they are called the Flow channels, when viewed in the axial direction, "cells”, and the term “cell density” refers to the number of cells per unit area in the end view of the catalyst body.
  • the indication of the cell density naturally also means an indication of the flow cross-section of each individual cell or of each individual flow channel, with the additional wall thickness entering between adjacent flow channels.
  • Catalytically active material is deposited on the walls of the flow channels.
  • the standard technique is to apply a so-called washcoat as a liquid suspension, the washcoat in particular being a suspension of fine ceramic particles (typically aluminum oxide) in a suspension liquid. After drying the washcoat has a porous, strongly surface-enhancing coating on the walls of the flow channels.
  • the actual catalyst particles typically the noble metals platinum, palladium and rhodium in particular, are either finally deposited on the washcoat or applied in the form contained in the washcoat suspension.
  • the most important parameters of the exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine are its mass flow (for example in kg / s), its temperature and its flow velocity. These parameters are not all independent. From a given mass flow at a given temperature results in a (mean) flow velocity (at a considered flow cross-section). If the temperature increases or decreases with the mass flow kept constant, the flow velocity increases or decreases due to the concomitant change in the density of the exhaust gas.
  • a swirl generator is arranged in the inlet pipe of the exhaust gas converter, which leaves a central flow path free.
  • the swirl generator can be designed so that at a low portion of the occurring flow velocities (one could also say: “at a low portion of the occurring mass flows” or “at a low portion of the occurring exhaust gas temperatures", wherein the mutual The dependence of the mentioned parameters is to be considered) the exhaust gas predominantly or even almost completely flows only through the free central flow path in the inlet pipe and from there into the end face of the inner region.
  • This flow behavior of the catalyst body is combined in the invention with the measure to provide a higher cell density in an inner region of the catalyst body than in an outer region of the catalyst body.
  • the higher cell density goes hand in hand with a larger, catalytically active surface, so that catalytic exhaust conversion is inherently more perfect in the interior of the catalyst body than in the exterior (albeit at the cost of higher flow resistance and a higher production price due to greater amount of noble metal).
  • the achievement of an operating point is referred to, in which the conversion of the exhaust components to be converted is widely used.
  • the light-off temperature can be influenced by the choice of parameters associated with the washcoat, see more detailed below.
  • Of particular influence is the number of so-called catalytically “active centers” of the coating of the flow channels.
  • the larger cell density according to the invention both indoors and out, there is, in principle, a larger number of active centers compared to the situation without increasing the cell density.
  • the invention in its first aspect, provides an exhaust system in which the exhaust gas converter is preferably flowed in its interior, when the flow rate of the exhaust gas in a low portion of the occurring flow velocities is (particularly typical: idling, but also with operation low speeds, especially at not widely opened throttle).
  • the interior region of the catalyst body which is primarily flowed through heats up much faster than if the entire catalyst body had to be heated. The light-off temperature is reached more quickly indoors.
  • the larger cell density favors the exhaust gas conversion in this "warming-up state" of the exhaust system. In particular, the behavior after a cold start of the internal combustion engine is significantly improved.
  • the above-mentioned technical problem is solved in that the exhaust system of the type mentioned characterized that in the inlet pipe, a swirl generator is arranged, which leaves a central flow path free; and that the catalyst body, viewed in the axial direction of view, has an inner area and an outer area, the inner area being designed with greater catalyst activity than the outer area.
  • the greater catalyst activity in the inner region means that in the described states with primary throughflow of the inner region, the exhaust gas conversion is favored, compared to the situation without increasing the catalyst activity. In the situation of the primary flow of the outside area, the interior area is spared.
  • the measure "wherein the interior area with greater catalyst activity than the outside area” can be realized as a preferred feature also in the first aspect of the invention, so that one works both with increased cell density and with greater catalyst activity indoors.
  • the inner area of larger cell density is geometrically identical with the inner area of larger catalyst activity (as well as the outer area), it should be understood that basically, the inner area of greater cell density may be formed smaller or larger face than the interior with greater catalyst activity (as well as the exterior).
  • the invention is not limited to the fact that the catalyst body in only two sub-areas, as they have been described as indoor and outdoor, has. Embodiments are also possible in which it is possible to distinguish more than two subregions which differ with regard to cell density and / or catalyst activity.
  • the housing of the exhaust gas converter has an extension section adjoining the local end of the inlet pipe, so that the total inlet end face of the catalyst body is significantly larger than the flow cross section of the inlet pipe at its end. In many cases, the catalyst bodies require such a larger upstream end. In addition, the extension of the flow cross section for the formation of the vortex flow described above is favorable.
  • the exhaust gas converter is designed so that at least 40%, more preferably at least 50% and most preferably at least 60% of the incoming exhaust gas flow through the interior of the catalyst body, when the exhaust gas flow rate in a lower portion of the operating in the exhaust system has occurring range of flow velocities.
  • Said lower subregion preferably comprises 0 to 10%, very particularly preferably 0 to 20% and most preferably 0 to 30%, of the total range of the flow velocities occurring.
  • the exhaust gas converter is configured such that at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, of the incoming exhaust stream flow through the exterior of the catalyst body when the exhaust stream has a flow rate in an upper portion of the range of flow rates encountered in operation in the exhaust system.
  • Said upper subregion comprises preferably 80 to 100%, particularly preferably 70 to 100%, of the total range of the flow velocities occurring.
  • the area size of the end face of the inside portion of the catalyst body it is preferable that this area size be in the range starting with the cross-sectional area of the free central flow path up to the total flow area of the downstream end of the feed pipe. But it is also possible to make the end face of the interior even larger.
  • the swirl generator is attached with its outer side to the inside of the inlet pipe, particularly preferably welded. That way is one outside flow around the swirl generator excluded.
  • the swirl generator has been produced integrally with the feed pipe, in particular by casting or by high pressure forming.
  • the swirl generator has an annular ring of vanes.
  • the swirl generator has at least one helically along the inlet pipe extending flow guide; the expression "along the inlet pipe” is not intended to mean “along the entire inlet pipe", but merely to reproduce the longitudinal orientation of the flow-guiding element.
  • the swirl generator provided according to the invention that virtually no or only little swirl is produced at relatively low flow velocities of the exhaust gas (or mass flows or temperatures), while at relatively high flow velocities (or mass flows or temperatures) much Twist is generated.
  • It can be designed for virtually complete "flow switching", ie below a first threshold value of the flow rate practically 100% for the flow of the interior and virtually 0% for the flow of the outside, and above a second threshold value of the flow rate practically 0% to the flow of the interior and practically 100% to the flow of the outdoor area.
  • the number of guide vanes or the flow guide elements has a considerable influence on the uniformity of the generated centrifugal field. A larger number causes a uniform centrifugal field. On the other hand, the pressure loss of the swirl generator increases with the number.
  • the swirl generator is designed with overlapping vanes, even at low flow velocities, one has a tangible flow resistance in the swirl generator; the outflow is particularly pronounced only to the inner region of the catalyst body. On the other hand, one has at high flow velocities a relatively high flow resistance.
  • the angle of attack of the guide vanes or of the flow guide element has a particularly great influence on the strength of the generated twist. Strongly fitted guide vanes lead, e.g. even at average flow velocities to such a strong swirl that the part of the exhaust gas flow to the flow of the inner region of the catalyst body is very small. At particularly high centrifugal forces of the swirl flow, the pressure in the core region of the flow, i. through the free central flow path, so small that an outflow to the inner region of the catalyst body can be largely avoided.
  • the angle of attack is measured relative to the axial direction of the inlet pipe.
  • the height of the guide vanes or of the flow-guiding element in particular in relation to the total diameter of the feed pipe, has a particular influence on the proportion of the flow which is to flow to the inner region of the catalyst body at low flow velocities. With a relatively small height of the guide vanes or the flow guide element and thus a large diameter of the free central flow path, a larger part of the flow will flow to the inner region of the catalyst body.
  • the tendency is generally such that, with a greater length, a stronger twist is also produced in the free central flow path.
  • the pressure loss of the swirl generator increases.
  • increasing angle of attack of the guide vanes or of the flow guide and along the swirl generator increasing height of the guide vanes or the Strömungsleitelements reduce the pressure loss of the exhaust gas converter in comparison to swirl generators without these measures.
  • the distance between the swirl generator and the end face of the inner portion of the catalyst body has considerable influence. The larger this distance, the more the outside flow is favored.
  • the inner region of the catalyst body has an end face which occupies at most 20% of the total end face of the catalyst body, more preferably at most 15% of the total end face, and most preferably at most 10%.
  • the selected for a specific product percentage of the total end face is a compromise between the most secure flow predominantly only the interior especially when warming up the engine, on the one hand, and the best possible protection of the interior at high load conditions of the engine and / or high exhaust gas temperatures, on the other.
  • the area-related cell density in the interior area is at least 1.2 times the cell density in the outer area, particularly preferably at least 1.5 times, and very particularly preferably at least 1.7 times. This is an optimal compromise between improving conversion, especially when warming up the internal combustion engine, on the one hand, and avoiding undue increase in flow resistance and production costs due to larger precious metal consumption, on the other hand.
  • a larger noble metal loading is provided for the greater catalyst activity in the interior of the catalyst body, more preferably at least 20% greater precious metal loading, and most preferably at least 30% greater noble metal loading than in the exterior. This is an optimal compromise between increased conversion of exhaust gas indoors, on the one hand, and limiting the increase in production costs through higher use of precious metals, on the other hand.
  • a finer noble metal dispersion is provided for the larger catalyst activity in the interior of the catalyst body, particularly preferably at least 20% finer noble metal dispersion and most preferably at least 30% finer noble metal dispersion than in the outer area. This is about a good compromise between good exhaust gas conversion when warming up the internal combustion engine, on the one hand, and limiting the aging of the catalyst body.
  • the finer the noble metal dispersion used the greater the risk of aging due to sintering of the active centers at high exhaust gas temperatures.
  • a different noble metal composition is provided as in the outer area. This is about a good compromise between exhaust conversion when warming up the internal combustion engine, on the one hand, and limiting production costs by choosing the lowest possible noble metal compositions and aging resistance, on the other hand.
  • the interior of the catalyst body is only on a partial length
  • a particularly suitable method for applying the washcoat over a partial length of the inner region is to place the catalyst body on top of a pipe section and to feed the suspension from below through the pipe until it has reached a certain height in the interior of the catalyst body. Subsequently, the excess suspension is blown down.
  • This manufacturing method is an invention, and it is expressly emphasized that this invention is also independent of the other exhaust system features according to the first aspect and second aspect of the invention described above.
  • the coating of the catalyst body with the washcoat suspension can be carried out successively in a dipping operation with subsequent blowing or in several dipping operations with subsequent blowing, wherein in the latter case the coating is built up in several steps.
  • the inlet pipe preferably has a circular cross-section in the interest of effective generation of the swirling flow.
  • a circular cross-section is also preferred for the exhaust converter housing as a whole, because this provides the best flow conditions for a spiral flow.
  • a substantially elliptical configuration of the housing cross-section is preferred.
  • a substantially elliptical cross-sectional configuration is with mufflers, which are mounted under the floor of motor vehicles, quite common. As with mufflers, the lower overall height in the exhaust gas converter is to be emphasized as an advantage compared to a cross-sectionally identical exhaust gas converter with a circular cross section.
  • a targeted increase in the flow resistance for the interior training favors a flow towards the outer region of the catalyst body (as is the case in principle in the measure "greater cell density in the interior” the case) and vice versa.
  • Targeted flow resistance enhancing designs are a highly effective means to achieve virtually perfect switching acuity at the swirler / free central flow path, in which case more freedom has been gained in designing the swirler.
  • an inner tube piece in front of the front side of the inner area of the catalyst body, which preferably has substantially the same diameter as the inner area.
  • the inner tube piece favors inflow to the interior at low flow rates.
  • Exhaust system for internal combustion engines comprising a catalytic exhaust gas converter with a housing, a catalyst body supported in the housing, and a supply pipe, characterized, that in the inlet pipe, a swirl generator is arranged, which leaves a central flow path free; and that in the catalyst body, a parameter affecting catalyst efficiency varies across the direction of the flow path.
  • an exhaust system 2 for an internal combustion engine of a vehicle is shown with its essential components. Advancing from the upstream end to the downstream end, there are the following components: manifold 4, which is screwed to the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine and merges the exhaust gases from the cylinders of the internal combustion engine in a common pipe section 6; catalytic exhaust gas converter 12; Middle silencer 14; Pipe section 16, which leads around the rear axle of the motor vehicle; End silencer 18.
  • an inventive exhaust gas converter 12 is shown. It can be seen a feed pipe 22 having a circular cross-section, a housing 24 having a cone-shaped extension portion 24a, a peripheral wall 24b and a conical tapered portion 24c, and a drain pipe 26 having a circular cross-section. Shortly before the right in Fig. 2 end of the inlet pipe 22, where it merges into the extension portion 24 a, a swirl generator 40 is arranged in the inlet pipe 22.
  • the swirl generator 40 consists of a circumferentially distributed ring of vanes 46, which are shown schematically in Fig. 2 as an inclined surface and in Fig. 3 are somewhat more clearly seen.
  • the vanes 46 are welded at their radially outer edge to the inside of the feed pipe 22 and have a radial height 48, see FIG. 3.
  • the vanes leave with their inner edges a central flow path 50 free, the diameter in the illustrated embodiment about 60% the inner diameter of the inlet pipe 22 is.
  • the diameter of the central flow path is indicated by two dotted lines 52.
  • a catalyst body 60 is supported, e.g. is constructed as a ceramic monolith with a plurality of longitudinally extending through flow channels 62.
  • the catalyst body 60 has an interior region 64 and an exterior region 66.
  • the inner region 64 has a longitudinal center axis which coincides with the longitudinal central axis 68 of the entire catalyst body 60.
  • the area size of the end face 70 of the inner region 64 is slightly larger than the cross section of the free central flow path 50.
  • An exhaust gas stream flowing through the exhaust system 2 during operation of the internal combustion engine is drawn with arrows 80 as far as the inlet pipe 22 before the swirl generator 40 is concerned.
  • the exhaust gas stream 80 there has a certain mass flow at a certain operating state of the internal combustion engine, a specific flow rate (averaged over the flow cross-section) and a temperature (averaged over the flow cross-section).
  • the swirl generator 40 represents a flow resistance, so that the flow passes predominantly through the central flow path 50.
  • the flow-mechanical influence of the vanes 46 on the flow is relatively low, because the vanes 46 are designed for flow control at higher flow rates.
  • the flow leaving the section where the swirl generator 40 is located flows almost 100% into the end face 70 of the inner region 64.
  • a small part of the incoming exhaust gas stream 60 flows into the end face 72 of the outer region 66 at a low flow velocity. All of these relationships are illustrated in FIG. 2 with arrows, which are presented as an illustration of the flow rate or as an illustration of the mass flow.
  • the swirl generator 40 is operative (especially since the incoming exhaust gas flow 80 is less likely to flow into the central flow path 50 almost entirely, because a strong nozzle-like acceleration would have to take place); the swirl flow impressed when flowing through the swirl generator 40 exerts centrifugal forces on the flow, as a result of which the flow in the area of the expansion section 24a goes radially outward.
  • FIG. 5 shows that the inner region 64 has a considerably greater cell density than the outer region 66.
  • the individual cells are designated by 82.
  • the modification is illustrated in which the catalyst body 60 as a whole has a substantially elliptical cross section.
  • the inner region 64 still has a circular cross-section.
  • the modification is illustrated that the inner region 64 has a square cross-section.
  • a square cross-section can be exploited more perfectly with square-sectioned cells 82.
  • Fig. 8 is shown in front view of the end face 84 and in cross section of a second embodiment of an exhaust gas converter 8 and a catalyst body 60; that one can run the flow channels 62 of the catalyst body 60 in the interior region 64 with increased catalyst activity, illustrated by darker coloring.
  • This may be higher noble metal loading, finer precious metal dispersion, other noble metal composition, or several of these measures.
  • the cell density in the inner region 64 is equal to the cell density in the outer region 66. However, one could also, as in the first embodiment, work with a higher cell density in the inner region 64.
  • FIG. 8 there are circular cross sections as in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 9 the modification is drawn that the total catalyst body 60 is substantially elliptical, analogous to FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment in which an inner area 64 with a greater cell density is placed eccentrically to the longitudinal central axis 68 of the catalyst body 60. In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 11, this is drawn analogously for an interior region 64 with increased catalyst activity.
  • FIG. 12 shows a fifth embodiment in which the inner region 64 of the catalyst body 60 is embodied only in an upstream partial length 86 with increased catalyst activity.
  • the partial length is about 50% of the total length of the catalyst body 60th
  • FIG. 13 an embodiment is shown in which the swirl generator 40 is realized by a helically extending flow guide 88 instead of vanes 46.
  • the flow guide 88 has a radial height 48. Instead of providing only a helical flow guide 88 (which should be at least 360 ° long), as shown in FIG start offset by 180 ° (or 90 °, 72 °, etc.).
  • the flow-mechanical effect of the flow-guiding element 88 is analogous to the effect which has been described above in connection with the guide vanes 46.
  • the flow guide 88 is welded with its outer edge on the inside of the inlet pipe 22.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
EP02026118A 2002-01-14 2002-11-23 Dispositif d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion comportant un convertisseur catalytique Expired - Lifetime EP1342889B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2002101042 DE10201042A1 (de) 2002-01-14 2002-01-14 Abgasanlage für Verbrennungsmotoren, mit einem katalytischen Abgaskonverter
DE10201042 2002-01-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1342889A1 true EP1342889A1 (fr) 2003-09-10
EP1342889A9 EP1342889A9 (fr) 2004-10-20
EP1342889B1 EP1342889B1 (fr) 2005-09-07

Family

ID=7712040

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02026118A Expired - Lifetime EP1342889B1 (fr) 2002-01-14 2002-11-23 Dispositif d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion comportant un convertisseur catalytique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1342889B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10201042A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007033389A1 (fr) * 2005-09-20 2007-03-29 Avl List Gmbh Moteur a combustion interne
AT502545B1 (de) * 2005-10-13 2008-06-15 Avl List Gmbh Abgassystem
EP1982756A1 (fr) * 2007-04-19 2008-10-22 Magneti Marelli Sistemi di Scarico S.p.a. Système d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne
US7566426B2 (en) 2005-11-07 2009-07-28 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Refractory exhaust filtering method and apparatus
WO2014162183A1 (fr) * 2013-04-03 2014-10-09 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Convertisseur catalytique
CN104936694A (zh) * 2013-01-23 2015-09-23 丰田自动车株式会社 催化转换器
CN104994951A (zh) * 2013-02-13 2015-10-21 丰田自动车株式会社 催化转换器
CN109012172A (zh) * 2018-07-18 2018-12-18 深圳大学 催化炉
FR3104037A1 (fr) * 2019-12-05 2021-06-11 Renault S.A.S Monolithe imprégné pour dispositif de traitement d’un système d’échappement de moteur de véhicule automobile et procédé de fabrication associé

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2863653B1 (fr) * 2003-12-12 2006-03-03 Renault Sas Dispositif de filtrage pour une ligne d'echappement comportant un element de generation d'ecoulement tourbillonnaire
US8555627B2 (en) 2005-07-19 2013-10-15 Avl List Gmbh Exhaust gas line of an internal combustion engine
AT500737B1 (de) * 2005-12-06 2008-06-15 Avl List Gmbh Abgasstrang einer brennkraftmaschine
AT501337B1 (de) * 2006-04-20 2008-11-15 Avl List Gmbh Abgasstrang einer brennkraftmaschine
DE102005041841A1 (de) 2005-09-02 2007-03-08 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zugabe eines Reaktanten zu einem Abgas einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine
US7682578B2 (en) 2005-11-07 2010-03-23 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Device for catalytically reducing exhaust
US7682577B2 (en) 2005-11-07 2010-03-23 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Catalytic exhaust device for simplified installation or replacement
US7722828B2 (en) 2005-12-30 2010-05-25 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Catalytic fibrous exhaust system and method for catalyzing an exhaust gas
CN100491705C (zh) * 2007-03-19 2009-05-27 湖南大学 汽车尾气三效催化转化器
DE102007021598B4 (de) * 2007-05-08 2022-10-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Verteilen von fließfähigen Zusatzstoffen in Abgasanlagen
DE102010053603A1 (de) * 2010-11-12 2012-05-16 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Katalysator
DE102010056281A1 (de) 2010-12-24 2012-06-28 Volkswagen Ag Abgasanlage mit HC-Adsorber und parallelem Abgaskatalysator sowie Fahrzeug mit einer solchen Abgasanlage
DE102011117090B4 (de) 2011-10-27 2023-01-26 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung
DE102012004924A1 (de) * 2012-03-10 2013-09-12 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Abgasnachbehandlungskomponente mit HC-Adsorberfunktion sowie Abgasanlage mit einer solchen
JP5780247B2 (ja) 2013-01-23 2015-09-16 トヨタ自動車株式会社 触媒コンバーター

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3964875A (en) * 1974-12-09 1976-06-22 Corning Glass Works Swirl exhaust gas flow distribution for catalytic conversion
DE3536315A1 (de) * 1985-10-11 1987-04-16 Sueddeutsche Kuehler Behr Katalysatoranordnung zur reinigung von abgasen, insbesondere einer brennkraftmaschine
FR2705404A1 (fr) * 1993-05-19 1994-11-25 Peugeot Elément catalyseur et pot catalytique pour le traitement de gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne.
EP0741236A1 (fr) * 1994-01-17 1996-11-06 Joint-Stock Commercial Bank "Petrovsky" Dispositif d'elimination des particules solides des gaz d'echappement, conception d'une unite neutralisant les gaz residuels nocifs et son procede de production
US5651906A (en) * 1995-07-12 1997-07-29 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Electrically heatable converter body having plural thin metal core elements attached only at outer ends
US5916134A (en) * 1997-09-10 1999-06-29 Industrial Technology Research Institute Catalytic converter provided with vortex generator
WO2000012879A1 (fr) 1998-09-01 2000-03-09 Gerd Gaiser Dispositif d'epuration pour gaz d'echappement
DE19938038A1 (de) * 1998-09-14 2000-05-04 Ford Global Tech Inc Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtung mit variierender Zelldichte
EP1022048A1 (fr) * 1999-01-21 2000-07-26 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Procédé et dispositif de dosage d'un agent de réduction
US6449947B1 (en) * 2001-10-17 2002-09-17 Fleetguard, Inc. Low pressure injection and turbulent mixing in selective catalytic reduction system

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3629945A1 (de) * 1986-09-03 1987-10-01 Daimler Benz Ag Vorrichtung zur nachbehandlung der abgase einer brennkraftmaschine
DE3912915C1 (fr) * 1989-04-20 1990-12-13 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3964875A (en) * 1974-12-09 1976-06-22 Corning Glass Works Swirl exhaust gas flow distribution for catalytic conversion
DE3536315A1 (de) * 1985-10-11 1987-04-16 Sueddeutsche Kuehler Behr Katalysatoranordnung zur reinigung von abgasen, insbesondere einer brennkraftmaschine
FR2705404A1 (fr) * 1993-05-19 1994-11-25 Peugeot Elément catalyseur et pot catalytique pour le traitement de gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne.
EP0741236A1 (fr) * 1994-01-17 1996-11-06 Joint-Stock Commercial Bank "Petrovsky" Dispositif d'elimination des particules solides des gaz d'echappement, conception d'une unite neutralisant les gaz residuels nocifs et son procede de production
US5651906A (en) * 1995-07-12 1997-07-29 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Electrically heatable converter body having plural thin metal core elements attached only at outer ends
US5916134A (en) * 1997-09-10 1999-06-29 Industrial Technology Research Institute Catalytic converter provided with vortex generator
WO2000012879A1 (fr) 1998-09-01 2000-03-09 Gerd Gaiser Dispositif d'epuration pour gaz d'echappement
DE19938038A1 (de) * 1998-09-14 2000-05-04 Ford Global Tech Inc Abgasbehandlungsvorrichtung mit variierender Zelldichte
EP1022048A1 (fr) * 1999-01-21 2000-07-26 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Procédé et dispositif de dosage d'un agent de réduction
US6449947B1 (en) * 2001-10-17 2002-09-17 Fleetguard, Inc. Low pressure injection and turbulent mixing in selective catalytic reduction system

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007033389A1 (fr) * 2005-09-20 2007-03-29 Avl List Gmbh Moteur a combustion interne
AT502545B1 (de) * 2005-10-13 2008-06-15 Avl List Gmbh Abgassystem
US7566426B2 (en) 2005-11-07 2009-07-28 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Refractory exhaust filtering method and apparatus
EP1982756A1 (fr) * 2007-04-19 2008-10-22 Magneti Marelli Sistemi di Scarico S.p.a. Système d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne
US10071365B2 (en) 2013-01-23 2018-09-11 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Catalytic converter
CN104936694A (zh) * 2013-01-23 2015-09-23 丰田自动车株式会社 催化转换器
CN104994951A (zh) * 2013-02-13 2015-10-21 丰田自动车株式会社 催化转换器
US9782753B2 (en) 2013-02-13 2017-10-10 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Catalytic converter
US9782723B2 (en) 2013-04-03 2017-10-10 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Catalyst converter
WO2014162183A1 (fr) * 2013-04-03 2014-10-09 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Convertisseur catalytique
DE112014001824B4 (de) 2013-04-03 2020-08-06 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Katalytischer Wandler
CN109012172A (zh) * 2018-07-18 2018-12-18 深圳大学 催化炉
FR3104037A1 (fr) * 2019-12-05 2021-06-11 Renault S.A.S Monolithe imprégné pour dispositif de traitement d’un système d’échappement de moteur de véhicule automobile et procédé de fabrication associé

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1342889A9 (fr) 2004-10-20
DE10201042A1 (de) 2003-08-07
EP1342889B1 (fr) 2005-09-07
DE50204174D1 (de) 2005-10-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1342889B1 (fr) Dispositif d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion comportant un convertisseur catalytique
EP2006017B1 (fr) Dispositif de mélange et/ou d'évaporation et procédé de fabrication correspondant
EP2278133B1 (fr) Dispositif de mélange et/ou d'évaporation
EP2921220B1 (fr) Mélangeur pour une installation de gaz d'échappement
DE102019109122A1 (de) Hochleistungsmischer für fahrzeugabgasanlage
EP2027372B1 (fr) Filtre à flux secondaire avec rendement de filtre amélioré
EP2687697A2 (fr) Dispositif de mélange pour le post-traitement de gaz d'échappement
EP0845074A1 (fr) Catalyseur pour la reduction des hydrocarbures dans les gaz d'echappement d'un vehicule a moteur
DE102014205782B4 (de) Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen
EP0758959A1 (fr) Chambre de combustion du bruleur d'un appareil de chauffage pour vehicule ou d'un filtre contre les particules de gaz d'echappement
DE102007047774A1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Reduzierung von Stickoxiden im Abgasstrang einer Brennkraftmaschine
WO2006097131A1 (fr) Corps a nids d'abeilles pourvu de moyens d'introduction de reactif, procede correspondant et systeme associe
EP2334916B1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé d'épuration de gaz d'échappement au moyen d'un agent reducteur
DE102005052064A1 (de) Abgasanlage
DE102012017178A1 (de) Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung
DE102005029835A1 (de) Abgasbehandlungseinrichtung
EP3674523B1 (fr) Système de traitement des gaz d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion interne
DE10009124B4 (de) Katalysator zur Reinigung eines Abgases einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine
DE10201044B4 (de) Abgasanlage für Verbrennungsmotoren, mit einem Wärmetauscher zur Wärmeabfuhr aus dem Abgas
EP1329605B1 (fr) Système d'échappement pour un moteur a combustion interne avec un déviateur du flux
DE19518536A1 (de) Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung zur Reinigung von Verbrennungsmotorabgasen
DE10349887B4 (de) Kühler für ein Abgas-Rückführ-System bei einem Verbrennungsmotor
WO2014139617A1 (fr) Système de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne, procédé permettant d'influer sur la composition de gaz d'échappement et moteur à combustion interne
AT500737B1 (de) Abgasstrang einer brennkraftmaschine
EP3857034A1 (fr) Dispositif permettant d'ajouter un agent de réduction liquide au gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne et véhicule automobile

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20030408

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO SI

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20040219

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT SE

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT SE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 50204174

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20051013

Kind code of ref document: P

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 20051114

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20060608

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 14

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 15

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20171122

Year of fee payment: 16

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20171124

Year of fee payment: 16

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: EUG

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20181124

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20181123

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20211123

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20211119

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20211122

Year of fee payment: 20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R071

Ref document number: 50204174

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: PE20

Expiry date: 20221122

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20221122