EP1337738B1 - Verbundwerkstoffbauteil, insbesondere hydraulische komponente, und verfahren zur seiner herstellung - Google Patents

Verbundwerkstoffbauteil, insbesondere hydraulische komponente, und verfahren zur seiner herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1337738B1
EP1337738B1 EP01997621A EP01997621A EP1337738B1 EP 1337738 B1 EP1337738 B1 EP 1337738B1 EP 01997621 A EP01997621 A EP 01997621A EP 01997621 A EP01997621 A EP 01997621A EP 1337738 B1 EP1337738 B1 EP 1337738B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
layer
fibres
reinforcing
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01997621A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1337738A2 (de
Inventor
Jean-Marie Auguste Roman
Christophe Jean-Philippe Blois
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom NV
Original Assignee
Alstom Power NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Power NV filed Critical Alstom Power NV
Publication of EP1337738A2 publication Critical patent/EP1337738A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1337738B1 publication Critical patent/EP1337738B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
    • F01D1/026—Impact turbines with buckets, i.e. impulse turbines, e.g. Pelton turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0463—Cobalt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0466—Nickel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/10—Manufacture by removing material
    • F05D2230/11—Manufacture by removing material by electrochemical methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F05D2300/12—Light metals
    • F05D2300/121—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F05D2300/17—Alloys
    • F05D2300/172—Copper alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F05D2300/17—Alloys
    • F05D2300/172—Copper alloys
    • F05D2300/1723—Nickel-Copper alloy, e.g. Monel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/611—Coating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/614—Fibres or filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/70—Treatment or modification of materials
    • F05D2300/702—Reinforcement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a part, such as a component hydraulics, composite material with organic matrix and reinforcing fibers, and to a method of manufacturing such piece.
  • Hydraulic component means any organ likely to interact with a water flow and, by example, a Pelton turbine bucket, a director for a flow, a Kaplan turbine blade or a Francis type turbine wheel.
  • the invention relates to a part, in particular a hydraulic component made of composite material organic matrix and reinforcing fibers, this piece being at least locally coated with a protective layer metallic or metal-based, characterized in that includes metal or metal-based fibers, the layer of protection or reinforcement being formed by deposit electrolytic on these metal or metal-based fibers.
  • the invention it is possible to have a hanging intimacy between the material of the protective layer or reinforcement and the fiber material as far as the couple of material chosen, for the metal fibers or metal base on the one hand and the protective layer on the other on the other hand, is compatible with electrolytic deposition.
  • electrolytic deposition probably allows to obtain a chemical bond between the material of the reinforcing fibers and the material of the protective layer, which avoids the risk of inadvertent stalling of the protective layer.
  • the rigidity of the fastening obtained does not depend no curvature radii of the room in areas where is affixed the protective or reinforcing layer, which allows to consider deposits on sharp edges, such as median edges of the buckets of a Pelton turbine. of the bending tests have shown that breaking a piece according to the invention takes place by separating the matte or reinforcing fiber fabric and organic matter before the separation between the protective layer and the substrate on which it is affixed.
  • the bucket 1 shown in Figures 1 to 3 is intended to be mounted on the rim, not shown, of a turbine wheel Pelton.
  • This bucket 1 consists of a first skin 11 forming its intrados and a second skin 12 forming its extrados, these skins being made of composite materials with a matrix based on epoxy resin, polyester, vinylester, urethane, polyamide or poly-ether-ether-ketone and carbon-based reinforcing fibers, for example, on most of their surface. These fibers are presented under form of a fabric impregnated with resin.
  • the geometry of the skins 11 and 12 is such that they define between them a volume in which stiffening ribs 13 are arranged.
  • a protective layer 15 and reinforcing the edge 14 is provided on the skin 11.
  • the layer 15 is formed by electrolytic deposition located on the skin 11.
  • skin 11 includes, at level of the edge 14, reinforcing fibers 21 copper then that, in the rest of its surface, the skin 11 is reinforced by carbon fibers.
  • the copper reinforcing fibers 21 are woven between them and form a fabric 23 constituting the layer upper or outer skin 11 in the area of the ridge 14, while fabrics 24 of carbon fibers are superimposed in the rest of the skin thickness 11 and under the tissue 23 at the edge 14.
  • the fibers 21 are grouped in the vicinity of the outer surface S of the skin 11, in the area of the ridge 14.
  • all the reinforcing fibers used at the edge 14 could be copper fibers, in which case several layers of the type of fabric 23 would be superimposed.
  • non-woven fiber mats could be used at the place fabrics 23 and 24.
  • the metal fibers 21 extend in a single direction of the fabric 23, for example, that they constitute the sons of chain over part of its width, whereas the wires of weft are constituted by carbon threads.
  • the sons of carbon weft 22 extend both on a 23A portion of the fabric 23 in which they are woven with threads of chain 21 of copper and 23B parts of the fabric 23 in which they are woven with warp yarns 26 in carbon.
  • the outer layer of the skin 11 of the bucket 1 is it continuous, only part of it being suitable for electrolytic deposition.
  • the width of Part 23A is determined by width of the layer 15.
  • the continuous nature of the fabric 23 ensures a good anchoring of the threads 21 in the structure of the skin 11.
  • This bath is maintained at a temperature of about 60 ° C.
  • a counter-electrode made of nickel is used and the elements are degrading and a current is applied with a density of approximately 4 A / dm 2 , which makes it possible to obtain on the fabric 23 the formation of the layer 15 essentially with nickel. the resulting layer having a Vickers hardness of the order of 150 HV.
  • metal fibers 21 and, on the other hand, the electrolyte bath, that is to say the layer protection or reinforcement 15.
  • the invention is not limited to a turbine trough Pelton and can be implemented with a turbine blade Kaplan, with a director, particularly at the level of their respective leading edges, and with a turbine wheel Francis, especially at the leading edges of the blades and at the exposed edges of the belt and ceiling.
  • the areas to be protected are areas with low radii of curvature, which is not a problem given the intimate bonding obtained by electrolytic deposition.
  • the hanging intimate obtained between the protective layer or reinforcement and the substrate allows to consider supporting elements reported on this layer by deposit said "to plasma ", plasma spray type, PVD (" Power Vapor Deposition “ or physical deposition), CVD ("Chemical Vapor Deposition” or chemical deposit), etc ... Indeed, the elevation localized temperature allowing the deposit is compatible with the nature of the material of the layer, without risk of damage of the piece made of composite materials. This deposit additional with plasma increases the protection thermal, protection against erosion or corrosion, even the mechanical protection.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Teil, insbesondere hydraulisches Bauteil, aus Verbundmaterial mit organischem Grundmaterial und Verstärkungsfasern, wobei das Teil zumindest stellenweise mit einer metallischen oder auf Metall basierenden Schutzschicht überzogen ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es metallische oder auf Metall basierende Fasern (21) umfasst, wobei die Schicht (15) durch elektrolytische Abscheidung auf den metallischen oder auf Metall basierenden Fasern gebildet ist.
  2. Teil nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die metallischen oder auf Metall basierenden Fasern (21) im wesentlichen in der Nähe der Oberfläche (S) des Teils (1) angeordnet sind, die dazu bestimmt ist, mit der Schicht (15) überzogen zu werden.
  3. Teil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material der metallischen oder auf Metall basierenden Fasern (21) Kupfer, Aluminium oder eine Legierung aus diesen Metallen und/oder andere metallische Elemente umfasst.
  4. Teil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material der Schicht (15) Nickel, Kobalt, Kupfer oder andere metallische Elemente und/oder Legierungen dieser Elemente umfasst.
  5. Teil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich um ein hydraulisches Bauteil (1) handelt.
  6. Herstellungsverfahren für ein Teil wie ein hydraulisches Bauteil, wobei das Teil aus Verbundmaterial mit organischem Grundmaterial und Verstärkungsfasern hergestellt wird und zumindest stellenweise mit einer metallischen oder auf Metall basierenden Schutzschicht überzogen ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren Schritte umfasst, die daraus bestehen:
    zumindest in bestimmten Zonen (14) des Teils (1) metallische oder auf Metall basierende Fasern (21) zu verwenden, und
    eine elektrolytische Abscheidung der Schicht (15) auf den metallischen oder auf Metall basierenden Fasern (21) vorzunehmen.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen Schritt umfasst, der daraus besteht, die Verstärkungsfasern (22) des Teils (1), die sich in anderen Zonen (16) als derjenigen/denjenigen (14) mit den metallischen oder auf Metall basierenden Fasern (15) befinden, zu isolieren, bevor die elektrolytische Abscheidung (15) vorgenommen wird.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen Schritt umfasst, der daraus besteht, diese anderen Fasern (22) als die metallischen oder auf Metall basierenden Fasern (21) durch Auftragen eines Isolierlacks (25) zu isolieren.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen Schritt umfasst, der daraus besteht, nach dem elektrolytischen Abscheiden durch eine Plasmaabscheidung ein metallisches Element auf die Schicht (15) aufzubringen.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es daraus besteht, für das elektrolytische Bad eine Lösung aus metallischen Zusammensetzungen einschließlich Nickel bei einer Temperatur von ca. 60°C mit einer Gegenelektrode auf Nickelbasis und einer Stromdichte in der Größenordnung von 4 A/dm2 zu verwenden, während die Verstärkungsfasern (21), auf denen die Abscheidung stattfindet, aus einem Material hergestellt sind, das Kupfer umfasst.
EP01997621A 2000-11-27 2001-11-26 Verbundwerkstoffbauteil, insbesondere hydraulische komponente, und verfahren zur seiner herstellung Expired - Lifetime EP1337738B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0015292 2000-11-27
FR0015292A FR2817284B1 (fr) 2000-11-27 2000-11-27 Piece, notamment composant hydraulique, en matiere composite et procede de fabrication d'une telle piece
PCT/FR2001/003733 WO2002042609A2 (fr) 2000-11-27 2001-11-26 Piece, notamment composant hydraulique, en matiere composite et procede de fabrication d'une telle piece

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1337738A2 EP1337738A2 (de) 2003-08-27
EP1337738B1 true EP1337738B1 (de) 2004-05-26

Family

ID=8856914

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01997621A Expired - Lifetime EP1337738B1 (de) 2000-11-27 2001-11-26 Verbundwerkstoffbauteil, insbesondere hydraulische komponente, und verfahren zur seiner herstellung

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1337738B1 (de)
AU (1) AU2002222051A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2817284B1 (de)
NO (1) NO20032365L (de)
PE (1) PE20020878A1 (de)
PT (1) PT1337738E (de)
WO (1) WO2002042609A2 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1219715B (it) * 1988-06-14 1990-05-24 Riva Calzoni Spa Girante di turbina idraulica di tipo pelton,a ridotti costi di produzione
ES2175175T3 (es) 1995-12-12 2002-11-16 Akzo Nobel Nv Un metodo microbiano para la 11alfa-hidroxilacion de esteroides.
FR2776341B1 (fr) 1998-03-23 2000-06-09 Gec Alsthom Neyrpic Roue de turbine et turbine de type pelton equipee d'une telle roue

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT1337738E (pt) 2004-10-29
NO20032365D0 (no) 2003-05-26
FR2817284B1 (fr) 2003-02-14
WO2002042609A2 (fr) 2002-05-30
EP1337738A2 (de) 2003-08-27
AU2002222051A1 (en) 2002-06-03
WO2002042609A3 (fr) 2003-01-09
NO20032365L (no) 2003-07-18
PE20020878A1 (es) 2002-09-27
FR2817284A1 (fr) 2002-05-31

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