EP1319453A1 - Dispositif et procédé de remplissage de profilés creux avec une mousse métallique - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de remplissage de profilés creux avec une mousse métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1319453A1
EP1319453A1 EP02027181A EP02027181A EP1319453A1 EP 1319453 A1 EP1319453 A1 EP 1319453A1 EP 02027181 A EP02027181 A EP 02027181A EP 02027181 A EP02027181 A EP 02027181A EP 1319453 A1 EP1319453 A1 EP 1319453A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow profile
metal foam
hollow
foaming
induction means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02027181A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1319453B1 (fr
Inventor
Eric Keetman
Karl-Heinz Süss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Original Assignee
EADS Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EADS Deutschland GmbH filed Critical EADS Deutschland GmbH
Publication of EP1319453A1 publication Critical patent/EP1319453A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1319453B1 publication Critical patent/EP1319453B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
    • B22F3/1125—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
    • B22F7/004—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part
    • B22F7/006—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part the porous part being obtained by foaming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B22F2003/1053—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by induction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for in-situ Foaming hollow profiles with metal foam, according to claim 1 or 10th
  • metal foam serves as Insulation material as well as to increase stiffness and as a shock absorber e.g. in Crash structures.
  • DE 198 34 394 A1 describes a device and a method for Production of metal foam described, in which the foam is applied directly during the creation of the foam. To this end becomes the foamable raw material in a so-called foam cell frothed.
  • the metal foam is right at the point of its processing generated under defined boundary conditions, e.g. regardless of shape of the profile to be foamed, and is transported into the Profile introduced.
  • the foam cell In order to access very inaccessible places inside the to reach the profile to be foamed, the foam cell at the top a stick-like foam lance.
  • the warming of the foamable Raw material is made using standard heat sources such as Gas burners, electrical resistance heating, induction coils, electron beam and Laser sources.
  • the document DE 199 28 997 C2 describes raw material Irradiate with a laser or an electron beam. there the heat input is concentrated on the raw material to be foamed without that a profile surrounding the raw material is heated significantly. Thereby damage to the hollow profile is avoided. It is also advantageous that the foaming process takes place where the foamed material is needed, so that a flexible and essentially shape - independent production of the Metal foam is guaranteed. However, it is disadvantageous that the process in is essentially limited to the applications in which profile material and Foam material are different. With a combination of the same type Materials, e.g. Aluminum profile and aluminum foam, it comes because of the required process temperature, which is above the melting temperature of the Foam material is causing problems.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore a device or a process for in-situ foaming of hollow profiles with metal foam to create a partial foaming of hollow profiles, if necessary Undercuts enables, especially when hollow profile and Metal foam consist of similar materials.
  • the device should or the method can be used easily.
  • the object is achieved by a device that a Includes induction means into which a hollow profile can be inserted, in which a foamable raw material is arranged, the hollow profile one in the Longitudinal electrical interruption and with the Induction means is in contact at at least one point, so that when inductive foaming of the raw material is part of the hollow profile Forms induction agent.
  • the central idea here is that the hollow profile itself, due to the Contacting with the induction means, forms part of the induction means. This is possible in that in the hollow profile in the longitudinal direction an electrical interruption is arranged so that a Short circuit of the induction means is effectively prevented. this means at the same time that the electrical interruption extends across the entire Extends in the longitudinal direction in any manner. Based on these The hollow profile becomes a "quasi-inductor" that is used in inductive design Warming the raw material itself experiences little warming and that Magnetic field formation positively influenced.
  • the device according to the invention has the advantage that the metal foam is direct is generated at the point where it is ultimately needed. This is a very effective foaming guaranteed, since no further or initiation of Metal foam is required. This means that there are no difficulties in contributing. It is also advantageous for undercuts to also be in the interior of a Hollow profile can be reliably foamed, because of the all-round Heating the raw material a uniform expansion of the foaming raw material is achieved.
  • the foam density can be about the process parameters are varied.
  • the process parameters can can of course also be varied during the foaming process, so that the hollow profile is filled with a gradient material.
  • Another advantage consists in the fact that only a few components (induction means, hollow profile and Raw material) are required, so that a simple arrangement with low Process costs is realized.
  • the induction means is expedient to design as coolable.
  • this will by one arranged inside the induction means Cooling water circuit realized.
  • This has the advantage that the hollow profile its contacting of the induction means is also cooled, which especially when foaming the hollow profile with the same Foam material is advantageous because in this way the temperature of the hollow profile is kept below the melting temperature of the raw material.
  • the shape of the induction means advantageously corresponds essentially to that Shape of the hollow profile. This ensures a uniform contact across the entire circumference of the hollow profile ensures what a uniform Foaming causes and consequently has a positive effect on the foaming characteristics effect. This also makes it inductive heating of the raw material required magnetic field optimally adapted to the circumstances. It is particularly advantageous to make the induction means conformable, the adapts automatically, flexibly to the shape of the hollow profile.
  • the hollow profile has a circular, oval, rectangular or any other cross section. So is one flexible application guaranteed.
  • the electrical interruption is on electrically non-conductive material that is integrated into the wall of the hollow profile or is inserted into a slot arranged therein.
  • the induction means and the hollow profile are relative are arranged displaceable to each other. So it's not just a partial one but also a continuous foaming of hollow profiles on simple Way possible.
  • the device can be used in a mobile manner, which in particular simplified use in series production and repairs enabled locally on site.
  • the object is further achieved by a method which is in accordance with the invention characterized in that a hollow profile to be foamed into a Induction means introduced or enclosed by the induction means, so that the hollow profile touches the induction means at least at one point; in which the hollow profile is an electrical one running in its longitudinal direction Has interruption; that a foamable raw material within the Hollow profile is arranged; and that the raw material is foamed, whereby the hollow profile forms part of the induction means.
  • Such a method has the advantage that the foaming process takes place there, where it is needed. This eliminates difficulties associated with known methods occur when introducing the foamed metal into a hollow profile.
  • there profiles can be foamed discontinuously, continuously or partially, without undercuts or other asymmetries of the profile Impede the foaming process. Due to the fact that the hollow profile one Forms part of the induction means, and thus is not or only slightly heated a foaming of hollow profiles with foam made of a similar material as that Hollow profile possible.
  • Aluminum profiles with no problem Foam aluminum foam e.g. Aluminum profiles with no problem Foam aluminum foam.
  • the electrical interruption in the hollow profile is introduced before it is introduced into the induction means.
  • the electrical interruption by cutting the hollow profile in introduced in the longitudinal direction, so that a slot is formed. This represents one particularly simple procedure. Such a slot can be very narrow are formed so that the bending stiffness of the hollow profile is hardly or only is marginally influenced.
  • the slot is made with an insulating material refilled. This is particularly advantageous if the outer contour of the Hollow profile should be maintained or the hollow profile additional stability should be awarded.
  • a raw material which consists of a Mixture of different materials, so that the foamed Metal foam has a composite structure.
  • the process parameters during the Foaming of the raw material can be changed so that the hollow profile is foamed with a metal foam that has a gradient structure having. This allows foams with desired structures to be created in a simple manner and properties are easily generated.
  • Induction means and the hollow profile arranged therein relative in the longitudinal direction to move towards each other. Either the hollow profile within the Induction means are moved, or the induction means with respect to one fixed hollow profile.
  • the method according to the invention is thus based on the customizable given the circumstances.
  • the slot after Foam the hollow profile to close again by welding This represents a simple step that can easily be integrated into existing ones Procedures or arrangements can be integrated.
  • the method according to the invention is mobile can be used. This allows the process to be easily integrated into existing ones Production processes are integrated. E.g. a supply of according to foamed components, what the manufacturing process facilitates and lowers production costs.
  • the task is also solved by a foamed hollow profile semi-finished product, that is produced with the device or method according to the invention becomes.
  • the semifinished product is advantageously used for crash structures in the Automotive technology as well as used in the aerospace industry, in particular for weight-specific increase in rigidity and crash resistance.
  • Fig. 1 shows a sectional view in the longitudinal direction (arrow direction A) hollow profile 2 to be foamed, which is introduced into an induction means 1.
  • the Induction means can be designed as an induction coil or loop, only to to name a few examples.
  • a foamable raw material 3 which from a known by means of compacting produced mixture of metal powder (e.g. aluminum, magnesium or Zinc powder) and blowing agent powder. Compacting may follow an extrusion process.
  • the raw material 3 is in the form of a rod in front.
  • tablet or granular raw material can also be used become. Among tablet-shaped raw materials are e.g. pressed balls too understand.
  • a mixture of different raw materials can be used, e.g.
  • the hollow profile 2 in FIG. 1 is tubular and consists of aluminum, Magnesium, steel or the like. In addition, they can also be different shaped hollow profiles are used, for example an oval, have a rectangular or other suitable cross section. additionally the hollow profile 2 may have undercuts, not shown.
  • the Hollow profile 2 is arranged within the induction means 1, it being the Induction means 1 touched at least at one point. In the shown in Fig.1 preferred embodiment, the contact extends along the entire Inner surface of the induction means 1 in order to be as homogeneous as possible and to effect even foaming.
  • the shape of the induction means 1 is therefore ideally adapted to that of the hollow profile 2.
  • a tubular Hollow profile 2 for example, an induction means 1 is used, the one has circular inner cross section.
  • the hollow profile is rectangular Cross-section, so is a correspondingly rectangular Induction means used.
  • a shape-adaptable induction means be used, which consists of a variety of individual, movable elements exists, which automatically adapt to the shape of the hollow profile.
  • the induction means can be designed to be foldable, which is the Handling when enclosing the hollow profile easier.
  • Induction means 1 preferably designed to be coolable.
  • Induction means 1 cooling channels 1a arranged through which e.g. Cooling water passed becomes. Such an arrangement of cooling channels is also in the adaptable or chain-shaped induction means possible.
  • the Flowing through the induction means 1 with cooling water causes at the same time Cooling of the hollow profile 2.
  • the cooling is better the closer or the contact between the hollow profile 2 and the induction means 1 is better.
  • the electrical interruption 4 is designed as a slot in FIG. 2.
  • the electrical interruption 4 made of an electrically non-conductive material exist, which is integrated into the wall of the hollow profile 2.
  • a slit-shaped trained electrical interruption 4 can also with a suitable Insulation material (e.g. mica) to be filled if necessary To improve strength properties.
  • the insertion of the slot will preferably before foaming and before arranging the hollow profile 2 in the induction means 1 by cutting the hollow profile 2 in the longitudinal direction A. causes.
  • the slot can be straight, oblique or in any other Shape (e.g. L-shaped, U-shaped, Z-shaped etc.) in the wall of the hollow profile be introduced. Furthermore, especially for Lightweight components increasingly two-part or from several components existing profiles used, which are spaced from each other, so that this processing step may be omitted from the outset.
  • the induction means 1 is supplied by an RF source 5 and forms during operation a magnetic field, whereby that arranged inside the hollow profile 2 Raw material 3 is heated inductively and foams. Because of the senior Contact between induction means 1 and hollow profile 2 becomes hollow profile 2 quasi part of the induction means 1 and that formed due to the current flow Magnetic field points essentially in the longitudinal direction A. The Concentration of the magnetic field in the center of the induction means 1, that is, where the raw material 3 is arranged the largest. The hollow profile 2 heats up in Operation hardly or only at temperatures up to approx. 100 ° C, so that the Profile properties are retained. The slight heating of the hollow profile 2 is also supported by the cooling effect described above.
  • the hollow profile 2 is homogeneously, partially foamed, the Metal foam is formed at the point where it is actually needed. On no further transport step is required. There is also foaming of undercuts, which are arranged within the hollow profile, due to the symmetrical arrangement and the all-round heating of the raw material unproblematic.
  • the hollow profile 2 can also be foamed continuously.
  • the inner wall of the hollow profile 2 is filled with foam before covered with an insulating material (e.g. stove varnish).
  • the insulating material prevents you Short circuit across the electrical interruption 4 when the inside of the Fills hollow profile 2 with metal foam and instead of on the inner wall of the Hollow profile 2 is present.
  • this can be done with a slit-shaped electrical interruption 4 provided, foamed hollow profile 2 by Welding to be closed again.
  • the invention can be used in a mobile manner, especially for use in automated manufacturing. Furthermore can be foamed hollow profile semi-finished products with the invention described above are produced, for example, as crash structures in the Vehicle technology as well as in aerospace technology find application.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP02027181A 2001-12-14 2002-12-05 Dispositif et procédé de remplissage de profilés creux avec une mousse métallique Expired - Fee Related EP1319453B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10161563 2001-12-14
DE10161563A DE10161563C1 (de) 2001-12-14 2001-12-14 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum in-situ Ausschäumen von Hohlprofilen mit Metallschaum

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1319453A1 true EP1319453A1 (fr) 2003-06-18
EP1319453B1 EP1319453B1 (fr) 2006-02-22

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EP02027181A Expired - Fee Related EP1319453B1 (fr) 2001-12-14 2002-12-05 Dispositif et procédé de remplissage de profilés creux avec une mousse métallique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6889744B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1319453B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10161563C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2254592T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010028956A3 (fr) * 2008-09-12 2010-07-08 Airbus Operations Gmbh Barre de support pour composants d'une structure cellulaire du fuselage d'un avion

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10253382B4 (de) * 2002-11-15 2006-03-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung metallischer Schaumkörper sowie Schüttgut hierfür
US7705342B2 (en) * 2005-09-16 2010-04-27 University Of Cincinnati Porous semiconductor-based evaporator having porous and non-porous regions, the porous regions having through-holes
DE102006052644A1 (de) * 2006-11-08 2007-09-27 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Karosserieteils eines Fahrzeugs
US7594530B1 (en) 2007-11-19 2009-09-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Orbital foamed material extruder
US7807097B1 (en) 2008-05-19 2010-10-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Orbital fabrication of aluminum foam and apparatus therefore
US8188595B2 (en) 2008-08-13 2012-05-29 Progressive Cooling Solutions, Inc. Two-phase cooling for light-emitting devices
US20100132404A1 (en) * 2008-12-03 2010-06-03 Progressive Cooling Solutions, Inc. Bonds and method for forming bonds for a two-phase cooling apparatus
DE102012005090B3 (de) * 2012-03-12 2013-06-27 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ausschäumen eines Hohlprofiles mit einem Metallschaum
CN110139408B (zh) * 2019-05-30 2021-10-08 上海交通大学 一种板式电加热器

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3087807A (en) * 1959-12-04 1963-04-30 United Aircraft Corp Method of making foamed metal
EP0804982A2 (fr) * 1996-04-19 1997-11-05 Leichtmetallguss-Kokillenbau-Werk Illichmann GmbH Procédé de préparation d'ébauches de mousse métallique
DE19734394A1 (de) * 1996-08-13 1998-02-26 Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel Inst Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallschaum
DE19744300A1 (de) * 1996-10-07 1998-04-16 Mepura Metallpulver Ges M B H Verfahren zur Herstellung von Poren aufweisenden Formkörpern bzw. Werkstücken auf Basis von (Leicht-)Metallen, deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29514164U1 (de) * 1995-09-04 1997-01-09 Ebbinghaus, Alfred, 73431 Aalen Ausgeschäumtes Formteil
US6250362B1 (en) * 1998-03-02 2001-06-26 Alcoa Inc. Method and apparatus for producing a porous metal via spray casting
DE19928997C2 (de) 1999-06-24 2001-05-17 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schäumen von Metallen

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3087807A (en) * 1959-12-04 1963-04-30 United Aircraft Corp Method of making foamed metal
EP0804982A2 (fr) * 1996-04-19 1997-11-05 Leichtmetallguss-Kokillenbau-Werk Illichmann GmbH Procédé de préparation d'ébauches de mousse métallique
DE19734394A1 (de) * 1996-08-13 1998-02-26 Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel Inst Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallschaum
DE19744300A1 (de) * 1996-10-07 1998-04-16 Mepura Metallpulver Ges M B H Verfahren zur Herstellung von Poren aufweisenden Formkörpern bzw. Werkstücken auf Basis von (Leicht-)Metallen, deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010028956A3 (fr) * 2008-09-12 2010-07-08 Airbus Operations Gmbh Barre de support pour composants d'une structure cellulaire du fuselage d'un avion
US8142873B2 (en) 2008-09-12 2012-03-27 Airbus Operations Gmbh Rod for supporting components in a fuselage cell structure of an aircraft
CN102131698B (zh) * 2008-09-12 2014-11-26 空中客车作业有限公司 用于支撑飞机的机身隔间结构中的部件的杆

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6889744B2 (en) 2005-05-10
EP1319453B1 (fr) 2006-02-22
DE10161563C1 (de) 2003-06-05
ES2254592T3 (es) 2006-06-16
US20030131965A1 (en) 2003-07-17
DE50205868D1 (de) 2006-04-27

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