EP1309948A1 - Procede d'analyse servant a reconnaitre les manifestations du vieillissement d'une turbine a vapeur - Google Patents

Procede d'analyse servant a reconnaitre les manifestations du vieillissement d'une turbine a vapeur

Info

Publication number
EP1309948A1
EP1309948A1 EP01969574A EP01969574A EP1309948A1 EP 1309948 A1 EP1309948 A1 EP 1309948A1 EP 01969574 A EP01969574 A EP 01969574A EP 01969574 A EP01969574 A EP 01969574A EP 1309948 A1 EP1309948 A1 EP 1309948A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
steam turbine
efficiency
turbine
aging
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01969574A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Paul Girbig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP01969574A priority Critical patent/EP1309948A1/fr
Publication of EP1309948A1 publication Critical patent/EP1309948A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C3/00—Registering or indicating the condition or the working of machines or other apparatus, other than vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a diagnostic method for recognizing signs of aging in a steam turbine.
  • An essential source of information for assessing the availability and the profitability of a steam turbine is knowledge of the state of those components of the steam turbine which are flowed around or through which steam flows during operation. For example, operators fear deposits in steam turbines, because in addition to a reduction in performance and efficiency, this can result in an overload of individual components that is harmful to the system.
  • each steam turbine as a system exhibits a typical thermodynamic behavior. If the thermodynamic behavior of a steam turbine changes as a result of defects in components around which steam flows, it is important to recognize these changes compared to normal behavior in order to be able to prevent damage or at least limit damage at an early stage.
  • the thermodynamic behavior of a steam turbine is influenced in use by, for example, erosion and corrosion, contamination (for example due to salt deposits), seal wear (including on sealing tapes, for example), thermal deformation (e.g. due to the maximum temperature limit being exceeded) and foreign body damage (e.g. due to the impact of welding beads on the blades).
  • the usual way to monitor a steam turbine is to monitor the operating displays for abnormalities. This monitoring system was refined by additional measurements of state variables, such as pressure and temperature at various points on the steam turbine.
  • Another method for the early detection of signs of aging on a steam turbine is to compare the current operating behavior with the theoretical operating behavior derived from the design of the steam turbine. The basis for this are mathematical models taken from the construction of the steam turbine system, which reflect the thermodynamic behavior of the steam turbine.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a diagnostic method for recognizing signs of aging on a steam turbine which is improved compared to the prior art.
  • a diagnostic method for detecting signs of aging in a steam turbine in which, according to the invention, the efficiency and / or the steam throughput number of the steam turbine is calculated from measurements of state variables of the steam turbine at a first and a later second time at several operating points of the steam turbine, wherein an operating point is determined in each case by a value of the parameters circumferential number, pressure number and inlet valve position, and from the change in the efficiency and / or the steam throughput number from the first to the second time point on the extent of aging of the steam turbine depending on the operating point.
  • the efficiency of the steam turbine and the steam flow through the steam turbine (hereinafter called the steam throughput number) can be calculated from these directly measurable state variables. Since signs of aging change the thermodynamic behavior of a turbine, the efficiency and the steam throughput number are also affected by signs of aging, since they are directly related to the thermodynamic behavior of the steam turbine.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that the efficiency and steam throughput number of a steam turbine can be used to determine its aging condition - and consequently deposits, erosion and corrosion, foreign body damage and wear.
  • the measurement technology on steam turbines provides thermodynamic state variables such as pressures, temperatures and quantity measurements. Knowledge of the proportion of wetness when wet steam occurs can also be obtained. If the steam turbine drives a generator, the generator active power delivered by the turbo set is also available as a further measured value. The efficiency of the steam turbine and the steam throughput can be calculated from this and from the mechanical data of the steam turbine known from the design and, if applicable, the turboset. It has now been found that the representation of the efficiency and the steam throughput number of the steam turbine as a function of the three parameters circumferential number, the pressure number and the position of the inlet valves is particularly favorable for the diagnostic method.
  • Fresh steam supplied and the position of the inlet valves, which regulate the inflow of fresh steam into the steam turbine thus form a three-dimensional parameter space in which the efficiency and also the steam throughput number of the steam turbine each represent a scalar field. For example, an efficiency value is assigned to each point of the three-dimensional parameter space.
  • u are the peripheral speed, k (p, T) the isotropic exponent, pi the pressure and i (p, T) the specific volume at the inlet and p 2 the pressure at the outlet of the steam turbine or turbine section in question.
  • the peripheral speed u is through for steam turbines
  • a change in the position of the inlet valves for the live steam before a control stage on a steam turbine causes a geometric change in the steam flow on components through which steam flows.
  • a change in the inlet valve position thus behaves similarly to a fault in components around which steam flows. Therefore, the inclusion of the intake valve position in the representation of the Efficiency of a steam turbine is essential. For example, changing the inlet valve position of a steam turbine can result in throttling the steam flow. If there is insufficient steam quality in a steam turbine, for example, salt deposits on the inlet valves, this leads to increased flow resistance and thus also to throttling.
  • a steam inlet valve usually consists of several individual valves.
  • the individual valves often open sequentially with an overlap.
  • the position of the inlet valve combination is often specified in mm stroke, taking into account the travel range for the actuating hydraulics. In order to be independent of the mechanical design of the control hydraulics, it is advantageous to specify the position of the inlet valves in percent.
  • the efficiency of a steam turbine can be calculated from the measured state variables. The same applies to the steam flow rate. Both variables can in turn be represented as a function of an operating point, which results from the value of the circumferential factor, the pressure number and the inlet valve position at the time the state variables are measured.
  • an operating point which results from the value of the circumferential factor, the pressure number and the inlet valve position at the time the state variables are measured.
  • thermodynamic changes within the steam turbine Since there are several changes in efficiency at different operating points, this can be used to make a detailed statement about the thermodynamic changes in the steam turbine. This detailed statement can be used to infer the extent and type of signs of aging, for example erosions or deposits within the steam turbine. The same applies to the steam flow rate, from which changes over time can also be used to draw conclusions about aging.
  • the efficiency and / or the steam throughput number of the steam turbine is calculated at a plurality of first operating points of the steam turbine at a first point in time and a first scalar field is calculated from these first measured values by interpolation; then the efficiency and / or the steam throughput number at several second operating points of the steam turbine is calculated at a second point in time and a second scalar field is calculated from these measured values by interpolation. From the temporal change of the first scalar field to the second
  • the scalar field is concluded on the extent of aging of the steam turbine.
  • the details of the interpolation result from the values of efficiency or steam flow rate at the various operating points themselves. If there are enough values at different operating points, the course of the scalar field can be estimated and the intermediate areas between different operating points can be filled with further values by appropriate interpolation. If the characteristic of the scalar field for a type of steam turbine is known, measurements and subsequent calculations at only a few operating points are necessary in order to be able to estimate the fairly precise course of the scalar field. In this way, values for the steam throughput number and / or the efficiency of the steam turbine are fixed at every point in the three-dimensional parameter space. The values of efficiency or steam flow rate from a first point in time at any operating point are thus comparable with the values of efficiency or steam flow rate from a second point in time. The extent of aging of the steam turbine can be concluded from these direct comparisons. It is also possible to consider the two scalar fields as continues and to derive the extent of aging of the steam turbine from their change as a whole.
  • the efficiency and / or the steam throughput number for a partial area of the steam turbine is calculated and the extent of aging of the partial area is deduced therefrom.
  • the measurements of the state variables such as pressure, temperature and steam quantities of the steam turbine can be measured at spatially different points on the steam turbine. It is thus possible to calculate the efficiency and / or the steam throughput number only for a partial area, for example the turbine inflow area or the drum part.
  • the advantage of this method is that the spatial localization of signs of aging within the steam turbine is possible. In order to be able to localize changes in the steam turbine as part of the thermodynamic diagnosis, the door should be subdivided as far as possible.
  • H P- P- ⁇ ⁇ P ⁇ P ) p H- ⁇ HOH H- ⁇ ⁇ P P> HJ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ P ⁇ P- o P-
  • State variables of the steam turbine 2 were measured at 100 different points in time within two years.
  • the term time point is not understood as a discrete time value, but rather as a time interval within which the state variables were measured in a measurement period.
  • the pressure p and the temperature T and the amount m of the live steam flowing through the pipes 4, the position S of the control valve combination 5, the pressure p and the temperature T of the steam leaving the control stage 7 and the pressure p and the temperature T of were measured Steam emerging from the drum part 9.
  • the power P of the generator was also measured.
  • the state variables of the steam turbine were measured at several operating points of the steam turbine.
  • the efficiency W and the steam flow rate F for each operating point of a measurement period were calculated from the measurements. The calculation was based on the following formulas:
  • HPP P. pi ö ⁇ ⁇ P ⁇ P ⁇ [Sl ⁇ rt P r H Pl tö ⁇ P- P 1 Hi rt tr H PJ li H rt HPP 1 ⁇ vq JP vq ⁇ P * P cn rt

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'analyse servant à reconnaître les manifestations du viellissement d'une turbine à vapeur (2). D'après ledit procédé, le rendement (W) et le débit de vapeur (F) d'une turbine à vapeur (2) usagée sont comparés avec le rendement (W) et le débit de vapeur (F) d'une turbine à vapeur (2) peu usagée. A cet effet le rendement (W) et le débit de vapeur (F) sont calculés grâce à des valeurs de mesures à différents points de fonctionnement de la turbine à vapeur (2). Le tracé dans le temps des rendements (W) et débits de vapeur (F) rapportés aux paramètres nombre de Mach périphérique (Mu), coefficient de pression (D) et position de soupape d'admission (S), permet de donner l'ampleur de l'état d'usure de la turbine à vapeur (2).
EP01969574A 2000-08-17 2001-08-06 Procede d'analyse servant a reconnaitre les manifestations du vieillissement d'une turbine a vapeur Withdrawn EP1309948A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01969574A EP1309948A1 (fr) 2000-08-17 2001-08-06 Procede d'analyse servant a reconnaitre les manifestations du vieillissement d'une turbine a vapeur

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00117708 2000-08-17
EP00117708 2000-08-17
EP01969574A EP1309948A1 (fr) 2000-08-17 2001-08-06 Procede d'analyse servant a reconnaitre les manifestations du vieillissement d'une turbine a vapeur
PCT/EP2001/009069 WO2002015131A1 (fr) 2000-08-17 2001-08-06 Procede d'analyse servant a reconnaitre les manifestations du vieillissement d'une turbine a vapeur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1309948A1 true EP1309948A1 (fr) 2003-05-14

Family

ID=8169557

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01969574A Withdrawn EP1309948A1 (fr) 2000-08-17 2001-08-06 Procede d'analyse servant a reconnaitre les manifestations du vieillissement d'une turbine a vapeur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6910364B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1309948A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3958682B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002015131A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030176954A1 (en) * 2001-10-12 2003-09-18 Jaw Link C. Tracking and control of gas turbine engine component damage/life
US7021126B1 (en) * 2004-09-15 2006-04-04 General Electric Company Methods for low-cost estimation of steam turbine performance
US7661327B2 (en) * 2005-07-12 2010-02-16 John Frank Bourgein Method and system for dynamic sensing, presentation and control of combustion boiler conditions
US8010320B2 (en) * 2006-11-17 2011-08-30 United Technologies Corporation Reducing gas turbine performance tracking estimation non-repeatability
US7840332B2 (en) * 2007-02-28 2010-11-23 General Electric Company Systems and methods for steam turbine remote monitoring, diagnosis and benchmarking
EP2012209A1 (fr) * 2007-07-02 2009-01-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé destiné au calcul de la durée de vie d'un composant d'une centrale
US8417410B2 (en) * 2008-12-23 2013-04-09 Honeywell International Inc. Operations support systems and methods with power management
GB0911836D0 (en) * 2009-07-08 2009-08-19 Optimized Systems And Solution Machine operation management
US8839664B2 (en) 2012-04-06 2014-09-23 Siemens Energy, Inc. Detection and classification of failures of power generating equipment during transient conditions
EP2924243A1 (fr) * 2014-03-25 2015-09-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fonctionnement d'une turbine à vapeur, dispositif de surveillance d'états de fonctionnement d'une turbine à vapeur et turbine à vapeur ou turbine à vapeur basse pression
JP6715670B2 (ja) * 2016-04-25 2020-07-01 東京電力ホールディングス株式会社 廃棄物発電プラントの性能劣化判断方法
CN110469372B (zh) * 2019-08-21 2022-04-12 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种汽轮机热力性能试验不确定度控制方法

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US4891948A (en) * 1983-12-19 1990-01-09 General Electric Company Steam turbine-generator thermal performance monitor
JPS60209134A (ja) 1984-03-31 1985-10-21 Toshiba Corp 原動機の監視装置
US4719587A (en) * 1985-04-16 1988-01-12 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Future behavior equipment predictive system
JPH03100306A (ja) * 1989-09-13 1991-04-25 Toshiba Corp 蒸気タービン性能診断装置
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JPH05195720A (ja) * 1992-01-21 1993-08-03 Toshiba Corp プラント性能劣化管理方法
DE4424743C2 (de) 1994-07-13 1996-06-20 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Diagnose und Prognose des Betriebsverhaltens einer Turbinenanlage
US5913184A (en) * 1994-07-13 1999-06-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for diagnosing and predicting the operational performance of a turbine plant
DE59712546D1 (de) * 1997-07-31 2006-04-06 Sulzer Markets & Technology Ag Verfahren zum Überwachen von Anlagen mit mechanischen Komponenten
JP3614640B2 (ja) * 1998-02-10 2005-01-26 東京電力株式会社 火力発電プラントの熱効率診断方法および装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2004506848A (ja) 2004-03-04
US20040010387A1 (en) 2004-01-15
WO2002015131A1 (fr) 2002-02-21
US6910364B2 (en) 2005-06-28
JP3958682B2 (ja) 2007-08-15

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