Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
  • F01D21/14—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to other specific conditions
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
  • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
  • F01K7/165—Controlling means specially adapted therefor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2220/00—Application
  • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
  • F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2240/00—Components
  • F05D2240/10—Stators
  • F05D2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
  • F05D2240/122—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes related to the trailing edge of a stator vane
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2240/00—Components
  • F05D2240/20—Rotors
  • F05D2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
  • F05D2240/304—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor related to the trailing edge of a rotor blade
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2260/00—Function
  • F05D2260/80—Diagnostics
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2260/00—Function
  • F05D2260/82—Forecasts
  • F05D2260/821—Parameter estimation or prediction

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for operating a steam turbine, in particular a low-pressure steam turbine.
• the invention also relates to a device for monitoring operating states of a steam turbine with a control system technology for controlling and / or regulating the steam turbine.
• the invention further relates to a steam turbine or a low-pressure steam turbine having at least one turbine blade comprising turbine blades.
• trailing edge erosion In general, the problem of trailing edge erosion is known in particular at low-pressure end stages of low-pressure steam turbines.
• the vapor pressure in the region of the end or low-pressure stage is relaxed to such an extent that there the wet steam area is reached.
• trailing edge erosion tends to form near the hub of a turbine bucket.
• leading edge erosion increased trailing edge erosion may also require consideration of turbine blade replacement. In this respect, efforts are made to avoid trailing edge erosion, so that generic steam turbines must be designed constructively and procedurally appropriate.
• the object of the invention is achieved by a method for operating a steam turbine, in particular a low-pressure steam turbine, in which a rear edge erosion acting on the turbine blades is evaluated as a function of operating data determined during operation of the steam turbine.
• a trailing edge erosion is estimated and / or evaluated here. Furthermore, inspection intervals for testing the turbine blades can be optimized for signs of trailing edge erosion. As a result, in the present case, it is possible for a control technology monitoring or evaluation of the trailing edge erosion to take place at any time during the operation of the steam turbine.
• the operation of the steam turbine can be targeted to meet new customer requirements.
• the steam turbine can be operated more specifically in advantageous load cases, in particular light load cases, as a result of which the steam turbine as a whole can be operated more effectively without showing an increased trailing edge erosion.
• operating data describes measured data or steam turbine-specific data calculated therefrom, preferably with regard to the steam volume flow conducted through the steam turbine.
• This operating data can also include or be calculated from other measured data and / or other data in connection with the steam turbine.
• the first operating data is at least one flow rate with respect to at least one steam turbine load case as a function of an inlet pressure at a turbine stage, in particular a low pressure output stage, and / or a condenser pressure to evaluate trailing edge erosion acting on the turbine blades of the low pressure final stage.
• a further variant of the method provides that the wetness prevailing in the region of the low pressure output stage is determined as further operating data in order to evaluate the influence of a trailing edge erosion acting on the turbine blades of the final stage.
• An evaluation can then take place, for example, with the aid of empirical data. Specifically, using limit values for flow rates and for wet areas or wet steam areas at the low-pressure end stages, a potential risk of trailing edge erosion can be determined particularly precisely. Preferably, the flow rates of various steam turbine load cases are determined in this way.
• the moisture prevailing at the low pressure end stage is estimated by means of a preferably preceding cycle calculation.
• Another significant advantage of the present invention is the fact that the method according to the invention allows an evaluation of the trailing edge erosion during operation, so to speak quasi online, as well as also temporally downstream, so virtually offline.
• an advantageous variant of the method also provides that the evaluation is carried out online during operation of the steam turbine at a control center for operating the steam turbine.
• a no less advantageous, but alternative method variant provides that the evaluation during operation of the steam turbine at a control center for operating the steam turbine is performed offline.
• a further advantageous variant of the method provides that, depending on the determined operating data, the influence of a duration of a trailing edge erosion acting on the turbine blades is evaluated. This makes it possible that the steam turbine can be operated for a limited time in a less favorable load case area, for example, without a trailing edge erosion can critically affect a turbine blade.
• the present method can advantageously be further developed if a prognosis of the influence of a rear edge erosion acting on the turbine blade is given.
• a preferred variant of the method provides that the duration of the individual steam turbine load cases is determined.
• the duration and the intensity of the trailing edge erosion that forms can be evaluated very well by a combination of different operating measurements and a preferred integration of the process control or evaluation into a control system of the steam turbine. In this way, a particularly safe operation of the steam turbine with respect to the trailing edge erosion can be achieved, in particular if a related warning automatism is implemented for protection against trailing edge erosion in the control system.
• control technology or "control technology” describes in the context of the invention known devices for controlling and / or regulating the steam turbine. Such devices that configure the control technology or control center technology can in the present case be designed as hardware and / or software components.
• the object of the invention is also achieved by a device for monitoring operating states of a steam turbine with a control system technology for controlling and / or regulating the steam turbine, wherein the control system technology comprises a control and / or regulating device which generates operating data generated at least from determined steam turbine flow numbers, by means of which based on this operating data a trailing edge erosion of turbine blades of a low-pressure output stage of the steam turbine can be evaluated online or offline.
• the control system technology comprises a control and / or regulating device which generates operating data generated at least from determined steam turbine flow numbers, by means of which based on this operating data a trailing edge erosion of turbine blades of a low-pressure output stage of the steam turbine can be evaluated online or offline.
• the embossed by the special control and / or regulating device construction of the present device structurally simple allows a method for monitoring a trailing edge erosion at a Niederdruckendlace a steam turbine, in which the monitoring of trailing edge erosion in dependence on determined during a steam turbine operation data is performed. This is not possible so far.
• the method according to the invention can advantageously be carried out by means of the present device.
• control center technology comprises an operating data generated by the low-pressure end stage processing control and / or regulating device by means of which based on this operating data generated a Schukantenerosion of turbine blades of a low-pressure final stage of the steam turbine online or offline can be evaluated.
• the required measurement data can be determined in a structurally simple manner if the control and / or regulating device has at least one further pressure measuring sensor element arranged in the region of a turbine stage, in particular a low pressure output stage for measuring an inlet pressure at the turbine stage or low pressure final stage for measuring a condenser pressure at the low pressure end stage and / or one in the region of the low pressure end stage arranged temperature measuring sensor element for measuring a temperature at the Niedertownendnote.
• the object of the invention is also achieved by a steam turbine or low-pressure steam turbine with at least one turbine blades comprehensive turbine stage, wherein the steam turbine or the low-pressure steam turbine comprises such a device.
• a preferred embodiment of a particularly advantageous method of a steam turbine is described below in order to evaluate a trailing edge erosion on turbine blades of a low pressure final stage during operation of the steam turbine.
• the steam turbine has a control and / or regulating device, which in the region of the low pressure output stage and especially - seen in the flow direction of the vapor medium - at the input of Niederlichendnote pressure measuring sensor elements for measuring an inlet pressure and measuring a Condenser pressure at the low pressure end stage has. Furthermore, at least one temperature measuring sensor element is provided there for measuring a temperature at the low-pressure output stage.
• control and / or regulating device also has a time measuring device in order to impart a temporal dimension to the states measured or determined in this regard.
• both the flow rates to the corresponding load cases of the steam turbine and the respective wetness can be determined by means of the states measured with these measurement sensor elements or related measurement data in combination with the design-related geometry ratios of the low pressure output stage. Based on this information, the driver-specific trailing edge erosion can be evaluated.
• the control and / or regulating device is ideally integrated in the control center of the steam turbine, so that on the one hand the evaluation carried out online in particular during the operation of the steam turbine with respect to the duration and the intensity of trailing edge erosion and on the other hand immediately controlled or regulated the driven load cases of the steam turbine can be, whereby the steam turbine can be operated much more flexible especially with regard to their mobile load cases.
• the steam turbine can be adapted extremely well to a wide variety of customer requirements.
• the steam turbine can thus also be operated within load-drop areas, which would possibly have been completely excluded with regard to a theoretical evaluation.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=50345935

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (1)

Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 2014
  • 2014-03-25 EP EP14161500.5A patent/EP2924243A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 2015
  • 2015-03-04 WO PCT/EP2015/054462 patent/WO2015144400A1/fr active Application Filing

Patent Citations (2)

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