EP1308914B1 - Passiv-Infrarotmelder - Google Patents
Passiv-Infrarotmelder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1308914B1 EP1308914B1 EP01126182A EP01126182A EP1308914B1 EP 1308914 B1 EP1308914 B1 EP 1308914B1 EP 01126182 A EP01126182 A EP 01126182A EP 01126182 A EP01126182 A EP 01126182A EP 1308914 B1 EP1308914 B1 EP 1308914B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- annunciator
- ambient temperature
- sensitivity
- sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000202252 Cerberus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
- G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
- G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
- G08B29/24—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/19—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S250/00—Radiant energy
- Y10S250/01—Passive intrusion detectors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a passive infrared detector with a first sensor for the generation one representative of the temperature difference between a heat source and its surroundings Infrared signal, with one influenced by the ambient temperature of the detector second sensor, and with an evaluation circuit for processing the infrared signal, wherein the evaluation circuit a temperature compensation to influence the sensitivity of the detector depending on the ambient temperature mentioned.
- the amplitude of the infrared signal is approximately proportional to the temperature difference between the intruder and objects that are present in the background of the surveillance area.
- the latter temperature is referred to below as the background temperature.
- the infrared signal corresponds to Stefan-Boltzmann's law, according to which the total radiation of the black body over all wavelengths per cm 2 and second is proportional to the 4th power of the absolute temperature of the body.
- the sensitivity or detection range of passive infrared detectors is therefore largely dependent on the background temperature, which means that the sensitivity decreases as the temperature difference decreases, which is the case when the background temperature approaches the intruder's body temperature. This occurs, for example, in hot or tropical areas.
- the second sensor not only provides information about the ambient temperature but also about the background temperature. Consequently the second sensor opens up the possibility of an increase in the background temperature to body temperature and the associated decrease in temperature contrast between to recognize an intruder and the background and the infrared signal depending to amplify from the ambient temperature. Alternatively, the amplification of the infrared signal remain unchanged and the alarm threshold of the detector is changed accordingly.
- Such a detector as described for example in US-A-4 195 234, has one constant detection sensitivity. However, if the ambient temperature is the body temperature of the intruder, the gain of the infrared signal is increased or the alarm threshold is reduced. Even in the opposite case, when the body temperature is below the Ambient temperature drops, the detection sensitivity does not remain constant.
- a passive infrared detector is described in US Pat. No. 5,629,676, the sensitivity of which is also when the ambient temperature exceeds human body temperature, essentially should remain constant. This goal is achieved in that after the Temperature contrast minimums when intruder and background are approximately the same temperature the detector sensitivity is reduced.
- the second sensor is usually provided on the inside of the detector Detector board is arranged, this sensor does not measure the background temperature and strictly speaking, not even the temperature around the detector, but the temperature Temperature inside the detector. This can result in it being warm or cold Drafts at the detector location can lead to a mismatch in sensitivity because the detector warms up too much or too quickly compared to the background cools. This mismatch can reduce the robustness of the detector Interference such as white light or EMC interference and the like.
- the present invention has the task of a passive infrared detector of the type mentioned Specify the type in which the temperature compensation acts so that the robustness of the Detector against false alarms is increased.
- the second sensor is preferably a temperature sensor arranged in the interior of the detector.
- a first preferred embodiment of the detector according to the invention is characterized in that that influencing the sensitivity of the detector only after a delay he follows.
- the delay is preferably effective in particular when there is an increase the ambient temperature would increase the sensitivity of the detector.
- the delay is when the ambient temperature rises or falls and / or above and below a minimum value of the temperature difference between the heat source and the Environment different.
- the delay preferably has a parameter-dependent one Duration based on the parameters by the rate of change in ambient temperature and / or are formed by the absolute temperature.
- the delay can be with electronic means or by thermal insulation of the second sensor or of the ambient temperature affected component take place.
- a second preferred embodiment of the detector according to the invention is characterized in that that influencing the sensitivity of the detector depending on the The rate of change in ambient temperature occurs.
- the Temperature change temperature compensation from a first to a second mode and only after falling below a second value of the speed back to the first Mode switched. For example, temperature compensation is activated in the first mode and deactivated in the second mode.
- the delay in influencing the sensitivity of the detector short local temperature fluctuations the sensitivity of the detector or in its immediate vicinity Do not affect the detector, and the temperature compensation is essentially from the course depend on the background temperature.
- the second preferred embodiment of the detector according to the invention has the advantage that abnormal rapid temperature changes are suppressed and not false alarms due to unnecessarily increased sensitivity of the detector.
- the passive infrared detector shown schematically in Fig. 1 is of conventional design and contains in particular a pyro sensor 1 and an evaluation stage 2 for evaluating the sensor signals.
- the pyro sensor 1 When the received infrared energy changes, the pyro sensor 1 generates a signal which is further processed in evaluation level 2 for alarm release. Building a such a passive infrared detector is known, it is in this connection to EP-A-0 361 224, 0 499 177 and 1 093 100.
- the pyro sensor 1 is, for example, a so-called standard dual pyro sensor, as shown in FIGS Passive infrared detectors from Siemens Building Technologies AG, formerly Cerberus AG, were used becomes.
- standard dual pyro sensors contain two heat-sensitive elements or Flakes, the images of which on the floor or wall of a surveillance room Define surveillance areas, from the border of which a beam of rays to the respective one Flake runs. As soon as an object emitting thermal radiation is such an object Beam crosses, or in other words, penetrates into a monitoring room, detected the sensor 1 the thermal radiation emitted by this object.
- the signal of the pyro sensor 1 is thus an infrared signal, which represents the temperature difference between a heat source (intruder) and its background.
- the amplitude of the infrared signal is proportional to this temperature difference, although strictly speaking the infrared signal obeys Stefan-Boltzmann's law, according to which the total radiation of a black body over all wavelengths per cm 2 and second is proportional to the 4th power of the absolute temperature of the body.
- Stefan-Boltzmann's law the sensitivity or detection range of a passive infrared detector is largely dependent on the background temperature. The closer this is to the body temperature, the lower the sensitivity of the detector.
- the sensitivity of the detector is influenced by the ambient temperature Component, preferably a temperature sensor 3, and a temperature compensation 4 equipped.
- the temperature compensation 4 receives the preferably on the board of the Detector arranged temperature sensor 3 continuously the ambient temperature T (Fig. 2) and increases the detection sensitivity in a certain temperature range of, for example, 20 ° to 35 °. This increase is made either by a corresponding change in the Amplification of the signal of the pyro sensor 1 or by reducing the alarm threshold with the the infrared signal is compared.
- an evaluation using fuzzy logic would analogously the membership functions of the signal of the pyro sensor 1 adapted to the different fuzzy sets accordingly.
- the temperature sensor 3 Since the temperature sensor 3 is arranged on the detector board, it measures strictly speaking not the background temperature but the temperature of the detector. In most cases it has no influence because these two temperatures are essentially the same, it can but there are times when the detector changes in relation to the background due to a draft heats up or cools down quickly, which triggers an inappropriate temperature compensation. And this in turn can reduce the robustness of the detector to interference such as for example white light or EMC interferers.
- the temperature compensation 4 is designed such that when the temperature sensor 3 changes Ambient temperature no direct influence on the sensitivity of the detector he follows.
- the sensitivity of the detector is influenced with a Delay, causing a change in the ambient temperature to occur after a certain time ⁇ t affects the detector sensitivity.
- the delay occurs mainly in cases where there is an increase in the ambient temperature and the presumption derived from it that the temperature contrast between an intruder and the background, an automatic increment the sensitivity would take place.
- the delay may vary depending on whether the temperature sensor 3 measured temperature rises or falls and / or how big the difference between the temperature of the intruder and the background temperature is different.
- the Delay can be predetermined or one of certain parameters, such as Speed of temperature change or amount of absolute temperature, dependent Have duration.
- the delay is preferably implemented electronically. But it is also possible to delay by thermal insulation of the temperature sensor 3 or of the ambient temperature affected component to realize.
- the temperature compensation can be carried out in Dependence on the speed of the change in the measured by the temperature sensor 3 Control the ambient temperature by changing the temperature compensation when exceeded adapted to a certain threshold of said speed change and only at Falling below this or another threshold switches back to the original value.
- adapting means switching from a mode with a normal one Temperature compensation to another mode with reduced temperature compensation.
- Adaptation can also mean that the temperature compensation when the above is exceeded Threshold deactivated and only reactivated when this threshold is undershot.
- T is the one measured by the temperature sensor 3 Ambient temperature and with the dashed curve TK the mode referred to the temperature compensation 4.
- the top line of the curve TK indicates the mode "Temperature compensation normal” and the bottom line the mode “Temperature compensation reduced “again.
- the dashed arrows A indicate the maximum gradient of the temperature change below which the temperature compensation operates in its normal mode becomes.
- the arrows B indicate a delay before the temperature compensation is switched to normal mode.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
Claims (11)
- Passiv-Infrarotmelder mit einem ersten Sensor (1) für die Erzeugung eines für die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen einer Wärmequelle und deren Hintergrund repräsentativen Infrarotsignals, mit einem von der Umgebungstemperatur des Melders beeinflussten zweiten Sensor (3), und mit einer Auswerteschaltung (2) zur Verarbeitung des Infrarotsignals, wobei die Auswerteschaltung eine Temperaturkompensation (4) zur Beeinflussung der Empfindlichkeit des Melders in Abhängigkeit von der genannten Umgebungstemperatur aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperaturkompensation (4) so ausgebildet ist, dass bei Änderung der Umgebungstemperatur keine unmittelbare Beeinflussung der Empfindlichkeit des Melders erfolgt.
- Melder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Sensor (3) durch einen im Inneren des Melders angeordneten Temperatursensor gebildet ist.
- Melder nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beeinflussung der Empfindlichkeit des Melders erst nach einer Verzögerung erfolgt.
- Melder nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verzögerung insbesondere dann wirksam wird, wenn eine Erhöhung der Umgebungstemperatur eine Erhöhung der Empfindlichkeit des Melders bewirken würde.
- Melder nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verzögerung bei Anstieg oder Abfall der Umgebungstemperatur und/oder ober- und unterhalb eines minimalen Werts der Temperaturdifferenz zwischen der Wärmequelle und der Umgebung unterschiedlich ist.
- Melder nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verzögerung eine von Parametern abhängige Dauer aufweist, wobei die Parameter durch die Geschwindigkeit der Änderung der Umgebungstemperatur und/oder durch die absolute Temperatur gebildet sind.
- Melder nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verzögerung mit elektronischen Mitteln erfolgt.
- Melder nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verzögerung durch Wärmeisolation des zweiten Sensors (3) oder des von der Umgebungstemperatur beeinflussten Bauteils erfolgt.
- Melder nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beeinflussung der Empfindlichkeit des Melders in Abhängigkeit von der Geschwindigkeit der Änderung der Umgebungstemperatur erfolgt.
- Melder nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei Überschreiten einer vorgebbaren ersten Werts der Geschwindigkeit der Temperaturänderung die Temperaturkompensation (4) von einem ersten auf einen zweiten Modus und erst nach Unterschreiten eines zweiten Werts der Geschwindigkeit wieder auf den ersten Modus umgeschaltet wird.
- Melder nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperaturkompensation (4) im ersten Modus aktiviert und im zweiten Modus deaktiviert ist.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01126182A EP1308914B1 (de) | 2001-11-05 | 2001-11-05 | Passiv-Infrarotmelder |
DE50103419T DE50103419D1 (de) | 2001-11-05 | 2001-11-05 | Passiv-Infrarotmelder |
AT01126182T ATE274732T1 (de) | 2001-11-05 | 2001-11-05 | Passiv-infrarotmelder |
US10/282,526 US6800854B2 (en) | 2001-11-05 | 2002-10-29 | Passive infrared detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01126182A EP1308914B1 (de) | 2001-11-05 | 2001-11-05 | Passiv-Infrarotmelder |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1308914A1 EP1308914A1 (de) | 2003-05-07 |
EP1308914B1 true EP1308914B1 (de) | 2004-08-25 |
Family
ID=8179156
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01126182A Expired - Lifetime EP1308914B1 (de) | 2001-11-05 | 2001-11-05 | Passiv-Infrarotmelder |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6800854B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1308914B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE274732T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50103419D1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7126476B2 (en) * | 2002-05-12 | 2006-10-24 | Risco Ltd. | Dual sensor intruder alarm |
JP4289561B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-24 | 2009-07-01 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 車両の異常検出方法及びその装置並びにそのセンサユニット |
JP4978501B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-14 | 2012-07-18 | 日本電気株式会社 | 熱型赤外線検出器及びその製造方法 |
US8063372B2 (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2011-11-22 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Apparatus and method for temperature mapping a rotating turbine component in a high temperature combustion environment |
JP5899393B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-25 | 2016-04-06 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | レンジフード |
US9442017B2 (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2016-09-13 | Dale Read | Occupancy sensor |
US9500187B2 (en) * | 2014-02-03 | 2016-11-22 | Theodore S. Wills | Method, system and program product operable to relay a motion detector activation |
US9666063B2 (en) | 2015-04-09 | 2017-05-30 | Google Inc. | Motion sensor adjustment |
CN107230317A (zh) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-10-03 | 深圳富泰宏精密工业有限公司 | 异常行为监控系统及方法 |
CN109416242B (zh) | 2016-04-22 | 2021-05-18 | 惠普发展公司,有限责任合伙企业 | 用于距离确定的设备和方法 |
CN110915301B (zh) * | 2017-07-27 | 2022-05-31 | 昕诺飞控股有限公司 | 使用周围温度估计补偿模拟信号数据的系统、方法和设备 |
US11058325B2 (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-07-13 | Stryker Corporation | Patient support apparatuses with multi-sensor fusion |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4195234A (en) | 1978-02-02 | 1980-03-25 | Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. | Infrared intrusion alarm system with temperature responsive threshold level |
CH676642A5 (de) | 1988-09-22 | 1991-02-15 | Cerberus Ag | |
IT1245405B (it) | 1991-02-11 | 1994-09-20 | Bitron Video | Dispositivo anti-intrusione |
CH686805A5 (de) | 1993-10-04 | 1996-06-28 | Cerberus Ag | Verfahren zur Verarbeitung der Signale eines passiven Infrarot-Detektors und Infrarot-Detektor zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens. |
IL110429A (en) * | 1994-07-25 | 1998-07-15 | Rokonet Electronics Limited | Alarm system |
DE19736214A1 (de) * | 1996-09-24 | 1998-03-26 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Auswertung eines Signals eines Bewegungsmelders |
US5870022A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-02-09 | Interactive Technologies, Inc. | Passive infrared detection system and method with adaptive threshold and adaptive sampling |
JPH11132857A (ja) * | 1997-10-28 | 1999-05-21 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 赤外線検出器 |
EP1093100B8 (de) | 1999-10-14 | 2004-08-18 | Siemens Building Technologies AG | Passiv-Infrarotmelder |
-
2001
- 2001-11-05 AT AT01126182T patent/ATE274732T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-11-05 EP EP01126182A patent/EP1308914B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-05 DE DE50103419T patent/DE50103419D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-10-29 US US10/282,526 patent/US6800854B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1308914A1 (de) | 2003-05-07 |
US6800854B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 |
DE50103419D1 (de) | 2004-09-30 |
US20030136908A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
ATE274732T1 (de) | 2004-09-15 |
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