EP1308212B1 - Wet electrofilter - Google Patents

Abstract

Tubular bundle receiving device consists of several precipitating tubes (2) connected to an upper supporting plate (3) having passages corresponding to the tubes and a flange collar hanging in a supporting frame and/or a housing. <??>Preferred Features: A further supporting plate (4) is arranged at a distance of 300-500 mm from the first supporting plate and welded to the precipitating tubes. Several guide plates are arranged along the tubes and are fixed by locking elements. The guide plates have an enlarged passage opposite the tubes so that sufficient play is present.

Description

The invention relates to a wet electrostatic precipitator, in particular for deposition Sulfur oxides and dusts from exhaust gases, consisting of several Downpipes equipped with earthing devices, the Rainwater pipes at least on one end side openings in the Have tube interior and formed in a receiving device hooked is.

Wet electrostatic precipitators are preferably used in flue gas systems to a Separation of sulfur oxides and dusts from the exhaust gases make. The wet electrostatic filters consist of a bundle of preferably Plastic pipes by suitable carrying collars and guide rings being held. In the middle of each tube passes an electrode, wherein in the operation of the filter the inner walls of the pipes with a flowing electric be wetted conductive washing liquid and between the electrode and the wall of the tube is formed a strong electric field. By the electric field, an ionization of the exhaust gases is achieved, so that they are electrically and following the electric field lines, to the pipe walls hike. There, the charged exhaust particles of a washing liquid taken and transported over the pipe ends to the outside. Due to the high electric field, it is to avoid electrical Breakdowns required that the pipes are earthed.

From DE 41 02 732 A1 precipitation tube bundle are known in which the individual pipes are glued together on their outer walls and each Tube at its two ends from the outside of an electrically conductive tape is bordered as a grounding conductor. In the wall of the tube below the Conductive band are arranged through holes that the connect conductive tape to the inside of the pipe. As a disadvantage has proved that an interchangeability of the individual tubes are not given, or can only be carried out with high labor input.

From DE 198 33 226 C1, which is regarded as the closest prior art, is also a precipitation tube bundle for Wet electrostatic filter known in which the pipe grounding in each precipitation pipe an upper grounding as inner grounding and a lower grounding in the Surface of the precipitation tube is welded, is present. The individual grounding points of the pipes are electrically connected to each other connected. The inner grounding consists for example of a polypropylene injection-molded ring with four graphite inserts and a Graphitfolienummantelung, while the bottom ground is made of a carbon cord or a Carbon tube exists. In practical use, however, it has been shown that the interchangeability of the rainwater pipes is not in the desired Scope is feasible. With glued combs a replacement is even not feasible and limited in welded honeycomb bundles possible.

In the case of compact bundles, it is generally known in general braided coal and graphite tapes or hoses through which grounding occurs. In this embodiment, especially in ironed graphite tapes occur especially in the upper area eventual damage or damage on repeated inspections of the precipitation tube bundles. hereby create unstable electrical properties of the carbon fibers used, which no longer guarantee proper grounding. For safe grounding the precipitation tube bundle also become platinum wires around the outer tubes guided and welded around, but here exists due to the high Platinum price increased risk of theft and in addition, the thin Platinum tape also be damaged during assembly.

The known solutions for fixing the precipitation pipes go For example, from a support ring, in addition to the outside Welded pipes. The middle region of the tube bundle is accordingly due to the existing mutual supports only insufficient secured against changing loads, so that when inspecting the Precipitation bundle damage may occur. In another Execution, the individual rainwater pipes are spaced so far that additional cross struts between the downpipes are used can. As a result, however, the effectively usable cross section is reduced.

The invention is based on the object, a simple over the cross section Homogeneous grounding system to show the risk of Excludes transport damage or damage to the extent as far as possible and a repair by a Reliningrohr allows. Furthermore, the invention is the Task based, a fastening a precipitation tube bundle To show what the risk of transport damage or damage largely excludes and beyond a large free cross-section the precipitation tube bundle is available.

According to the invention, it is provided for the solution of the first-mentioned problem that a plurality of individual grounding elements are provided which are circumferentially distributed around the rainwater pipes are arranged and in the existing breakthroughs protrude, with the arranged in the central region of the precipitation tubes Earthing elements at least two adjacent precipitation pipes electrically conductively connect together.

Further advantageous embodiments will be apparent from the dependent claims.

The grounding elements may be on one end side, preferably on both End sides, be arranged, wherein the grounding elements to the shape of the Breakthroughs in their height and width are adjusted in so far as that Breakthrough is almost completely closed. The breakthroughs of Precipitation tubes are in this case in the cylindrical surface by 60 ° offset to one another and preferably extend to the front side of the precipitation pipes. The grounding system consists of a first embodiment individual earthing elements made of round or polygonal earthing connectors, which into the existing breakthroughs of the rainwater pipes protrude and are electrically connected to each other. An individual Earthing connector can advantageously in the central region of the Rainpipes two or possibly three pipes electrically conductive with each other connect. The assembly of the precipitation tube bundles is preferably carried out in the Form that first individual rainwater pipes through an upper support plate and a lower guide plate assembled together into a bundle and welded, with one or more guide plates in Dependence on the length of the precipitation tube bundle in the middle region be used. It is advantageous that the individual tube bundles possibly protrude from the upper support plate and lower guide plate and have a short projection, which the necessary breakthroughs for the grounding elements, in which the grounding elements between be fixed to the individual rainwater pipes. This can at least be the case upper portion of the precipitation tube bundle or in the lower Area happened. However, there is a possibility that at the bottom a conventional known grounding technique is applied because there the Danger of damage to the pavement is extremely low while at the top the precipitation tube bundle is suspended with its support plate, which again covered by a cover plate, which at the same time Passing is provided. A significant advantage of this invention Furthermore, the design consists in the fact that the earthing system is only on the construction site can be mounted, so transport damage or damage omitted before the first electrical connection.

A particular advantage results from the fact that no fibrous structures be used by material stress or transport damage their real purpose of electrical contact no longer meet can. Preferably, the grounding elements consist of round or polygonal, for example, approximately triangular, grounding connectors, wherein the peripheral surface of the grounding elements has three concave subareas have, in the corresponding openings of the rainwater pipes protrude and thus a large ground connection within the Form precipitation pipe. The concave protruding into the openings Partial surfaces of the grounding elements can flush to the inner surface or be arranged backward. Preferably, the grounding elements exist made of pressed carbon (graphite), which is an excellent electrical Has conductivity. Alternatively, there is the possibility that a carrier material coated with carbon.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that two adjacent Earthing connector by one or more electrically conductive connection strips, preferably carbon strips, carbon rods or composite strips from a homogeneous carbon layer with a chemical and thermally resistant carrier layer or a compact carrier layer with a C-fiber reinforced matrix of carbon or fluoroplastic, are connected, wherein the connecting strips in cuts of the grounding elements are held clamped or the carbon rods over Earth gravity make contact. The used carbon or graphite has on the one hand excellent electrical properties and is on the other hand homogeneous and flexible, while the connecting strips for permanent bending strength are designed so that breaks of the connecting strips be avoided. The connection strips are in a first embodiment the grounding system for electrically conductive connection of individual Earthing elements provided, wherein at least one or more connecting strips two adjacent grounding elements with each other can connect. The connecting strips are here in cuts of the Grounding elements held clamped and thus lead to a safe Contacting. Alternatively, there is the possibility that several grounding elements by an electrically conductive end plate together are connected, which on the outer side surfaces of the grounding elements to come to rest. The end plate can be made of a carrier material and an elastically bonded carbon layer so that even at later walk-throughs a sufficient resistance to treading is given.

The particular advantage of the inventive design of a grounding system is that a repair of defective rainwater pipes within a tube bundle made in optionally installed state can be. For example, repair may be required if due to overheating due to electrical breakdown hot flue gas strands are formed within the precipitation tube. Here, for example, there is the possibility that defective pipe through a to repair so-called Reliningrohr, with the Reliningrohr in the existing pipe can be easily inserted and corresponding Has breakthroughs for the grounding elements. The earthing elements can in case of repair by adapted to the Reliningrohr grounding elements longer, protruding projections are exchanged.

In a particular embodiment of the invention it is provided that the grounding elements consist of an electrically suffering frontal end plate, the corresponding to the breakthroughs of the precipitation tubes concave having formed projections. With this execution becomes on individual Grounding omitted and instead an electrically conductive end plate used by appropriately concave trained Protrusions protrude directly into the openings of the precipitation tubes and thus provide sufficient grounding. Similar to the earthing elements are the formed projections on the dimensions of Adjusted breakthroughs so that they are almost completely closed and because of their concave training a flush degree form within the precipitation tube. The end plate can hereby a carrier material and an elastically bonded carbon layer consist, wherein the carbon layer faces the precipitation tubes, or else it may be advantageous for sole grounding to avoid From damage a sandwich construction can be used, which is an end plate with a middle carbon layer and two outer support layers having. This embodiment is characterized by particularly high Kicking properties and allows a repeated celebration of the Precipitation bundle without the corresponding damage may occur. The end plate is here constructed so that the space between the individual downpipes is completely covered while however, the clear opening width of the precipitation pipes by appropriate Holes are kept free, so that the flue gases are passed through can. The precipitation pipes themselves can consist of round tubes, the are assembled to a compact structure as possible.

To damage the wet electrostatic filter in the upper accessible area to exclude is to solve the second task provided that the Rainpipes are connected at least with an upper support plate, the aligned with the downpipes corresponding breakthroughs and a flange collar, which in a support frame and / or housing can be hung. Compared to a support ring is to increase stability a Support plate uses the total weight of the tube bundle absorbs and beyond with appropriate dimensioning the forces in initiate the existing housing or the support frame directly can, and also additional forces, by the commission of the precipitation tube bundle may occur. By doing that, the individual downpipes connected to the support plate is a self-supporting Construction created, the pipe walls by welding are formed mittragend. The recorded load is thus not from Transferring precipitation pipe to precipitation pipe, but a total of the support plate added and the individual precipitation tube are only connected with this one by one, so that the precipitation pipes are provided in the Position be held securely and also no additional burden are exposed.

To further increase the carrying capacity of the precipitation tube bundle and a to exclude possible deflection is in a further advantageous embodiment the invention provides that a second upper support plate available is, preferably at a distance of about 300 to 500 mm to the first Support plate is arranged and also connected to the rainwater pipes, for example, welded. By the second support plate, which, however not projecting on the support frame and housing rests, is the upper End of the precipitation tubes used for stiffening, the individual rainwater pipes and the two spaced support plates Enhance the structure and act as a kind of double-T-carrier fulfill, so that an extremely high inherent stability is achieved. To This purpose is, inter alia, the upper first and second support plate with the Rainpipes welded. For better handling and attachment the individual rainwater pipes in the tube bundle is in an advantageous manner provided that the downpipes opposite the top first Stand out support plate, finish flush or are reset and with the support plate connected, for example, welded, are. By the different arrangements of the precipitation tubes relative to the upper Support plate there is the possibility of a flat or obtuse angle welding depending on the necessary arrangement.

To fix the precipitation pipes at a defined distance from each other and that over the entire tube length, is in a further advantageous embodiment the invention provided, along the precipitation pipes more Guide plates are arranged, whose distance is determined by spacer bars is, with the guide plates opposite the precipitation pipes a have enlarged breakthrough, allowing a sufficient clearance exists and thus no tension between the guide plates and the precipitation pipes can arise. For sufficient attachment The guide plates here are several spacer rods in the tube bundle arranged distributed between the precipitation pipes. Through the spacer bars become the guide plates and the second support plate thus to a Recording system connected in which the individual rainwater pipes free suspended and only with one or the two upper support plates are connected. This can advantageously in the case of temperature fluctuations by temperature strands resulting from this Length changes of individual rainwater pipes are collected.

Alternatively, instead of the spacer bars locking elements, for example pawls and recesses welded to the downpipes in the openings of the guide plate, be provided for provide a sufficient grip and allow enough movement play.

In a further particular embodiment of the invention, it is provided that above the first support plate a preferably parallel End plate mounted and bolted to the first support plate, wherein the end plate as well as the support plate to the precipitation pipes having aligned openings, which rounded off to the outside are executed. The upper end plate is practically on the support plate attached and screwed to it, so at a possible Do not walk the underlying support plate and the downpipes can be damaged. Here are the openings of the end plate slightly larger than the interior of the precipitation tubes, so that the end plate on the end faces of the precipitation tubes at least partially rests. By this measure, a large-scale edition of End plate scored on the precipitation tube bundle, so on the one hand the Initiation of the forces occurring directly into the upper support plate can and on the other hand by the partial edition of the end plate on the Rainpipes a large-scale support exists. To compensate of any structural tolerances between the first support plate and the End plate are provided in further spacers, which at least in the area of the screw bolts around the existing Holes are arranged around.

In a further particular embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the Rainfall pipes in the lower region have at least one flange piece, the opposite of the face of the precipitation tubes to the plate thickness a lower clamping plate arranged back and with the precipitation tubes connected, for example, welded, is. The intended Flange pieces are directly to the ends of the precipitation tubes connected, for example, welded, and serve in the other for suspension and stabilization of the lower end plate by the clamping plates, the clamps used are similar to the precipitation tubes Pick up guide plates for positioning. Through this particular Design of the end regions is a change in length of individual rainwater pipes by a local heating due to hot gas strands with a Expansion down possible due to the flexibility of the clamping system. To this purpose is due to the upper and lower end faces of the flange parts in each case a clamping plate, which together via a plurality of bolts are connected, wherein the screw on the lower clamping plate attached parallel second end plate is further attached. The Clamping plates lie only with a small contact surface on the flange parts which are further distributed within the tube bundle so that a high Flexibility is given and a deflection of the clamping plates and the End plate is possible due to local heating. Therefore, will each precipitation tube preferably only provided with a flange, which beyond offset within the tube bundle. To further Increasing the flexibility, the lower clamping plate through the end plate be replaced.

In an embodiment of the invention, it is further provided that the Clamping plates to the precipitation tubes corresponding openings have adapted to the external dimensions of the precipitation tubes, so that the clamping plates are slid over the precipitation tubes and that at least one clamping plate an enlarged breakthrough game with the Having precipitation tubes. The second end plate has as well as the first end plate on an outwardly rounded breakthrough, in However, this case is adapted to the external dimensions of the rainwater pipes, so that the end plate is also slid over the precipitation tubes. The lower clamping plate also points on the downward side Openings on, thus further fasteners of the end plates can be included and in no direct contact with the Stand clamp. The above measures ensure that that the precipitation tubes when heated by a local temperature trend tension-free in the guide plates are added. About that In addition, the clamping plates and the lower end plate form an extremely flexible system, so that length changes of the individual tubes to each other do not cause any distortion of the entire bundle of precipitation bundles, but due to the existing plate thickness of the clamping plates and End plate these are deformable and thus length changes flexible be recorded.

In a further particular embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the End plates as a sandwich plate with an inner and outer Plastic existing plate are formed and that between the Plastic plates present a ground layer of a carbon layer is, preferably using flexible carbon (graphite) or Carbon webs are used. The training of the end plate As a sandwich panel leads to the significant advantage that the sensitive and limited flexible graphite layer between the outside Plastic layers are securely embedded. Possible transport damage or Begehungsungsschäden at the upper end plate can in this way avoided or even excluded.

Furthermore, the production of the end plates with the ground layer considerably simpler and also has the advantage that a subsequent Assembly on the finished precipitation tube bundle with a light Exchange can take place. In a first version of the end plates is provided here that the grounding layer at least partially until to the edge of the breakthroughs and flush with the upper and lower Plastic plate completes. Alternatively, there is a possibility that the Grounding layer formed over the entire edge region of the apertures is. Through both variants is due to the downflowing Cleaning fluid ensures that adequate wetting for Earthing of the precipitation pipes takes place. The upper and lower end plates can optionally have the same or different breakthroughs. Alternatively there is the possibility that the lower and upper indicated Embodiment are arranged reversed.

In order not to introduce occurring stresses into the grounding layer is in further embodiment of the invention provided that the end plates in Area of existing holes additional fasteners, For example, rivets, the circumferentially distributed around the holes around are arranged and in the case of the lower end plate in the existing Recesses of the clamping plate come to rest.

The inventive embodiment of a tube bundle receiving device thus allows a compact design of the precipitation tube bundle with a large free cross-section to the passage of the flue gases and thus at the construction shown an improvement in efficiency. moreover secures an upper end plate that in a housing or frame suspended bundles of tubes to the extent that a visit at any time without the Risk of damage can occur. Due to the special nature of Suspension takes place a stiffening in the upper area, thereby ensuring is that occurring tensile or compressive stresses largely compensated become. In addition, local temperature differences with a Length change of the precipitation pipes by the flexibly formed Clamps and the lower end plate added. Another significant advantage results from the new grounding system, which based on a simple constructive solution a secure grounding without Contact problems enabled. Existing manufacturing tolerances are in Advantageously collected by a cover plate on the Precipitation tubes is designed to be pushed.

A further explanation of the invention follows with reference to the figures.

Figur 1

eine Seitenansicht eines Nasselektrofilters, bestehend aus mehreren zusammengefügten Niederschlagsrohren,

Figur 2

eine Draufsicht auf den Nasselektrofilter gemäß Figur 1,

Figur 3

eine geschnittene Draufsicht gemäß der Verbindungslinie A-A,

Figur 4

eine geschnittene Draufsicht gemäß der Verbindungslinie B-B auf eine Abschlussplatte mit erfindungsgemäßem Erdungssystem,

Figur 5

in einer vergrößerten Seitenansicht den Endbereich eines einzelnen Niederschlagsrohr mit oberen und unterem Erdungssystem,

Figur 6

ein einzelnes Erdungselement in einer Draufsicht,

Figur 7

ein weiteres Erdungselement ebenfalls in einer Draufsicht,

Figur 8

in einer Seitenansicht ein in einem Gehäuse beziehungsweise Rahmenelement eingehängtes Niederschlagsrohrbündel,

Figur 9

in einer geschnittenen vergrößerten Seitenansicht den oberen Eckpunkt zwischen einem Niederschlagsrohr und der Trag- und Abschlussplatte und

Fig. 10

in einer geschnittenen vergrößerten Seitenansicht einen unteren Eckpunkt zwischen einem Niederschlagsrohr mit unteren Klemmplatten und einer Abschlussplatte.

It shows:

FIG. 1

a side view of a wet electrostatic precipitator, consisting of several assembled downpipes,

FIG. 2

a top view of the wet electrostatic filter according to Figure 1,

FIG. 3

a sectional plan view according to the connecting line AA,

FIG. 4

a sectional plan view according to the connecting line BB on a cover plate with inventive grounding system,

FIG. 5

in an enlarged side view the end portion of a single precipitation tube with upper and lower grounding system,

FIG. 6

a single grounding element in a plan view,

FIG. 7

another grounding element also in a plan view,

FIG. 8

in a side view mounted in a housing or frame element precipitation tube bundle,

FIG. 9

in a sectional enlarged side view of the upper vertex between a precipitation tube and the support and end plate and

Fig. 10

in a sectional enlarged side view of a lower vertex between a precipitation tube with lower clamping plates and a cover plate.

FIG. 1 shows a side view of a wet electrostatic filter 1, which consists of consists of several individual rainwater pipes 2. The rainwater pipes 2 are executed in the embodiment shown around and are by a upper support plate 3 and a lower and middle guide plate 4,7 held. At the front ends of the precipitation tubes 2 is also one each End plate 5,6. The upper support plate 3 and the lower and middle Guide plate 4.7 are for fixing the individual rainwater pipes. 2 provided with each other and are after assembly with the Rainpipes 2 either glued or welded, so that a compact design possible arises. The upper support plate 3 is in her Diameter and also the upper end plate 5 slightly larger than that Guide plates 4.7 formed, so that the entire precipitation tube bundle suspended in a corresponding device with a flange collar 9 can be. Preferably, the assembly takes place in a vertical position, so that the rising flue gases through the inner diameter of the precipitation tubes 2 escape. For mounting the grounding system and the End plate 5,6 protrude the individual rainwater pipes 2 on the upper Support plate 3 and lower guide plate 4 addition and allow one hand the attachment of the grounding system and on the other hand a simple bond or welding.

FIG. 2 shows the wet electrostatic filter 1 according to the invention in a plan view the individual rainwater pipes 2 and the upper support plate 3 and the End plate 5 can be seen. Both the support plate 3, as well as the End plate 5 each have seven holes 8, which at the Inner diameter of the individual rainwater pipes 2 are adjusted. The opposite guide plate 4 and end plate 6 is also constructed so that the flue gases through the precipitation tubes 2 through can be directed.

Figure 3 shows in a sectional view along section line A-A the Rainpipes 2 and the middle guide plate. 7

Figure 4 shows in a sectional view along section line B-B the Rainpipes 2 and the lower end plate 5 with the invention Grounding system. To the individual precipitation pipes 2 is in each case in an angular distance of 60 °, a single grounding elements in the form of a Grounding element 10 is arranged, which through an opening of the Rainpipes 2, as shown in particular in Figure 5, in the Interior protrudes and a ground contact to the inner surface of the precipitation tubes 2 produces. The middle grounding elements 10 connect respectively three adjacent precipitation pipes 2, while the outside partially connecting only two rainwater pipes or single peripheral grounding elements 10 only a single Contact precipitation tube 2. Each individual grounding element 10 is with the adjacent grounding element 10 via a connecting strip 11th electrically connected, so that the entire grounding connector mutually homogeneously electrically connected and via corresponding Terminals can be grounded.

In a preferred production form, the grounding elements 10 directly between the precipitation tubes 2 on the upper support plate. 3 or lower guide plate 7 fixed, for example, temporarily glued and with provided the connection strip 11, so then the end plates 5.6 placed on the tube ends of the precipitation tube bundle and can be attached. An attachment can for example by a Screw fastening done. Alternatively, it is possible to replace the the connecting strip the end plate 5.6 with an elastically glued Carbon layer is provided and so an immediate electrically conductive Connection is made with the individual grounding elements 10.

Figure 5 shows an enlarged sectional side view of the upper and Lower end of a precipitation tube 2. The precipitation tube 2 is through the middle guide plate 7 and the upper support plate 3 and a lower Guide plate 4 with the other precipitation tubes 2 of the wet electrostatic precipitator connected. An attachment between precipitation tube 2 and support plate. 3 or guide plate 4.7, for example, by a welded joint. The precipitation tubes 2 each have a rectangular end Breakthrough 12, in which the grounding element 10 with a concave Part surface 13 protrudes. The concave partial surface 13 is in this case to the inner diameter the precipitation tube 2 adapted so that on the inside a flush transition occurs or the grounding elements slightly stand back against the pipe inner surface. To each precipitation pipe 2 each six grounding elements are arranged at the top and bottom which, as already stated, are electrically conductively connected to one another. Of the particular advantage of this earthing system is that in the case of Defect in a single precipitation tube 2 without problems a something smaller Reliningrohr can be inserted.

In an alternative embodiment, instead of individual grounding elements 10 is an end plate consisting of a carrier material and a Bonded carbon layer can be used, wherein the carbon layer has corresponding projections which in the openings 12 of the Downpipes 2 with concave surfaces flush or slightly engage in a receding position relative to the inner surface of the pipe. Possibly The end plate can also consist of a sandwich panel, the one having central carbon layer with corresponding protrusions.

For example, FIG. 6 shows the shape of a grounding element 10 which is made of pressed carbon (graphite) consists. The grounding element 10 is Run approximately round and has at an angle of 120 ° a concave sub-surface 13, which is flush within the precipitation tubes 2 or slightly reset. Thus, with a Grounding element 10 optionally up to three precipitation tubes 2 electrically conductive be connected to each other. Between the concave sub-surfaces 13 are Protrusions 14 designed as anti-rotation, which forms an incision in shape a slot 15 for the connecting strips 11 have. Alternatively exists the possibility to provide a hole or another angular recess. In the event that the contacting of the individual grounding elements 10 by a final plate 5,6 with carbon coating, can also round grounding elements, each with three concave surface 13 without connecting strips be used.

Figure 7 shows such a shape of the grounding element 20, which of his Shaping corresponds to the grounding element 10 of Figure 6, but none Slits has. This earthing connector is related to carbon coated end plates used, which over the flat contact the electrical homogeneous connection of the individual Earthing elements 20 with each other produce.

FIG. 8 shows a side view of a wet electrostatic filter 101, which consists of a plurality of individual rainwater pipes 102, which is a precipitation tube bundle 109 are summarized. The precipitation pipes 102 are executed in the embodiment shown around and are by a first and second upper support plates 103, 104 and a plurality of guide plates 105, of which only one is shown, fixed in their distance from each other and through the upper support plates 103, 104 held. It is conceivable that instead of a round precipitation pipe and square precipitation pipes used become. The upper support plate 103 is larger in diameter than the upper second support plate 104 is formed and lies at least partially with their free End 106 on a console 107 of a housing or a support frame 108th on. On the upper support plate 103 is a successful after hooking End plate placed and screwed with this, such as off Figure 9 can be seen. In the lower area is also the attachment a lower end plate at the pipe ends, such as in FIG 10 can be seen. The upper and lower end plates can be like the flash symbols suggest, at the same time be designed as a grounding plate. The two upper support plates 103, 104 are welded to the precipitation tube 102, so that the precipitation tubes 102 and support plates 103, 104 a very stable supporting structure is present.

FIG. 9 shows a sectional side view of the upper corner region between a downpipe 102, the upper support plate 103 as well a cover plate 110. The support plate 103 is connected to the precipitation tubes 102 welded, as seen from a weld 111, 112, while the End plate 110 via a self-tapping screw 113, the protrudes through a bore 114 of the end plate 110 and in the upper Support plate 103 is screwed. To comply with a given distance between the upper support plate 103 and end plate 110 is a Spacer 115 is provided. On the ends of the precipitation tubes 102 or the spacer 115 is the end plate 110, which is formed in the embodiment shown as a sandwich plate, namely, the end plate 110 consists of a lower and upper Plastic plate 116, 117 and a middle made of graphite Earthing layer 118. For screwing to the upper support plate 103 points the end plate 110 has a bore 114 through which the Bolt 113 is screwed into the support plate 103. To avoid Damage in the area of the bore 114 is near or circumferentially distributed in existing holes 119 rivets 120 inserted, the Stabilize the end plate 110 in the area of the holes 114. The end plate 110 also points flush with the downcomers 102 each have a breakthrough 121, which is slightly larger than that Inner dimension of the precipitation tubes 102 is formed and outwardly a Rounding 122 has. In the area of breakthrough 121 is thus due the structural design of the end plate 110, the ground layer 118 bis brought to the edge of the opening 121 and generated in the case of Wetting by a washing liquid a ground contact. alternative there is the possibility of the end plate 110 in such a way that they over the precipitation tubes 102 can be pushed. The support plate 103 can be flush with the precipitation pipes compared to the fastening position shown 102 may be arranged or optionally in an elevated Position, with either the welds in the face or in the Corner are formed.

FIG. 10 shows a sectional side view of the lower corner area between a precipitation tube 102, two lower clamping plates 130, 139 and the end plate 131. The end plate 131 is also again as Sandwich plate constructed and has two outer plastic plates 132, 133rd which embed a central ground layer 134. The attachment of the End plate 131 via a screw bolt 135 which passes through a Bore 136 of the end plate 130 and a bore 137 of the clamping plate 130 screwed through into a further bore 138 of the clamping plate 139 is. The end plate 131 has a plurality of openings 140, which, however, in adapted in this case to the outer diameter of the precipitation tubes 102 are, so that the end plate 131 pushed over the precipitation tubes can be. In the area of the opening 140, the end plate 131 also provided with a rounding 141. Around the bores 136 are around further holes 142 are provided, in each of which a rivet 143 used is to stabilize the end plate 131 in the area of the holes 136 is provided.

Thus, regardless of the temperature development of the precipitation tubes 102nd a flexible length compensation can be done is the lower portion elastic designed so that no tension between the upper and lower Area arise. Here is the precipitation tubes 102 each one Flanged portion 144 welded. The flange 144 is directly with the Precipitation pipe 102 connected by a weld 145 and has a upper and lower end face 146, 147 to the respective clamping plates 130, 139th issue. The two clamping plates 130, 139 have aligned openings 148, 149 to the downpipes, so they also on the Rainpipe 102 are slidable and to rest against the flange 144th reach. In the embodiment shown, the aperture 149 is something larger than the breakthrough 148, so a game between the Clamping plate 139 and the precipitation tube 102 is formed. The two Clamp plates 130, 139 are over the bolt 135 in such clamped that they are pressed against the end surfaces 146, 147 and can be used simultaneously to hold the end plate 131. In order to the rivets 143 do not come into contact with the lower clamping plates 130 this has a triangular recess in the embodiment shown 150 on. By the sandwich construction of the lower end plate 131 is again the ground layer 134 to the edge of the opening 140th introduced and it is thus due to a downflowing Washing liquid wetting the ground layer 134 and thus the Making a grounding contact. The indicated grounding system draws particular characterized by the fact that a subsequent assembly to the Niederschlagrohrbündel 109 made and thus a lighter Exchange of possibly damaged end plates 110, 131 unproblematic can be carried out. In particular, the end plates 110, 131 until the end of the assembly to be screwed on so that damage excluded during transport or during assembly can be. In addition, such a grounding system is characterized through the inserted between two plastic plates ground layer, the extends to the edge of the openings and thus a large area Earthing contact for each precipitation tube 102 allows. By the larger openings 140 of the lower end plate 130 can very well Manufacturing tolerances are compensated, the design details in the upper and lower areas the same or possibly reversed can be.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Wet Electrostatic Precipitator

2

Precipitation tube

3

upper support plate

4

guide plate

5

End plate

6

End plate

7

guide plate

8th

drilling

9

flange collar

10

grounding element

11

connecting strips

12

breakthrough

13

subarea

14

head Start

15

incision

20

grounding element

101

Wet Electrostatic Precipitator

102

Precipitation tube

103

support plate

104

support plate

105

guide plate

106

The End

107

console

108

supporting frame

109

The precipitation tube bundle

110

End plate

111

Weld

112

Weld

113

bolts

114

drilling

115

spacer

116

Plastic plate

117

Plastic plate

118

ground layer

119

drilling

120

rivet

121

breakthrough

122

curve

130

clamp

131

End plate

132

Plastic plate

133

Plastic plate

134

ground layer

135

bolts

136

drilling

137

drilling

138

drilling

139

clamp

140

breakthrough

141

curve

142

drilling

143

rivet

144

flange

145

Weld

146

face

147

face

148

breakthrough

149

breakthrough

150

recess

Claims (20)

1. Wet-type electrical precipitator (1,101), in particular for the separation of sulphur oxides and dusts from off-gases, consisting of several precipitation tubes (2,102) which are equipped with earthing means, the precipitation tubes (1,102) having openings through the tube walls at least at one end and being shaped for suspension in a receiving device,
   characterised in that there are several separate earthing elements (10,20), which are distributed over the circumference of the precipitation tubes (2,102) and extend into the said openings (12), the earthing elements (10,20) arranged in the middle area of the precipitation tubes (2,102) connecting at least two adjacent precipitation tubes (2,102) in an electrically conductive manner.
2. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with claim 1,
   characterised in that the said openings (12) are arranged 60° apart from each other in the cylindrical surface of the precipitation tubes (2,102) or that the said openings (12) extent up to the front end of the precipitation tubes (2,102).
3. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that the earthing elements (10,20) consist of round or multi-cornered, typically nearly triangular, earth connectors, the surface of each earth connector (10,20) exhibiting three concave lateral faces (13) which extend into the corresponding openings (12) of the precipitation tubes (2,102).
4. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with claims 1, 2, or 3,
   characterised in that the earthing elements (10,20) and/or earth connectors consist of pressed carbon (graphite) and/or that the carbon is pasted on a substrate.
5. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with claim 4,
   characterised in that two adjacent earthing elements (10,20) are connected with each other by one or several electrically conductive connecting strips (11), preferably carbon strips, carbon rods, or composite material strips made of a homogenous carbon layer and a chemically and thermally resistant substrate layer or a compact substrate layer with a carbon fibre reinforced matrix of carbon or fluorocarbon.
6. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with claim 5,
   characterised in that the connecting strips (11) are clampable, and held, in slots (15) of the earthing elements (10,20).
7. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with one or more than one of claims 1 to 6,
   characterised in that several earthing elements (10,20) are connected with each other by an electrically conductive closing plate (5,6,110,131), which is supported on the outer lateral faces of the earthing elements (10,20) or that the earthing elements (10,20) consist of an electrically conductive front end closing plate (5,6,110,131) and exhibit concave-shaped protrusions which correspond to the openings (12) of the precipitation tubes (2,102).
8. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with claim 7,
   characterised in that the closing plate (5,6,110,131) consists of a substrate and an elastically pasted-on carbon layer, the carbon layer oriented towards the earthing elements (10,20) to establish electrical contact, the closing plates being of sandwich construction, namely one middle carbon layer and two outer substrates.
9. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with one or more than one of claims 1 to 8,
   characterised in that the concave lateral faces of the earthing elements (10,20) extending into the openings (12) are flush with or shorter than flush with the inner surface of each precipitation tube (2,102), the precipitation tubes (2,102) being round tubes which are joined to form a structure as compact as practicable.
10. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with one or more than one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterised in that the precipitation tubes (2,102) are connected with at least one upper supporting plate (3,103), which exhibits openings (121) that correspond to the precipitation tubes (2,102) and a flange collar which is suitable for suspension in a carrying frame (108) and/or housing.
11. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with claim 10,
    characterised in that there is a second upper supporting plate (104), preferably arranged at a distance of approx. 300 to 500 mm from the first supporting plate (3,103), and also connected, typically welded, to the precipitation tubes (2,102) and that the precipitation tubes (2,102) extend beyond, or are flush with, or are shorter than flush with, but are connected to, typically welded to, the first upper supporting plate (3,103).
12. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with claims 10 or 11,
    characterised in that several guiding plates (7,105) are arranged along the precipitation tubes (2,102), the distances between the plates being determined by spacer bars or being ensured relative to the precipitation tubes (2,102) by locking elements, typically detent pawls welded to the precipitation tubes (2,102) and recesses in the openings of the guiding plates (7,105).
13. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with claims 10, 11, or 12,
    characterised in that the guiding plates (7,105) exhibit an opening larger than the precipitation tubes (2,102), so that sufficient clearance is provided and that the spacer bars are distributed in the tube bundle among the precipitation tubes (2,102) and that the second supporting plate (104) and the adjacent guiding plate (7,105) as well as the guiding plates (7,105) are interconnected by spacer bars or locking elements, typically welded.
14. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with one or more than one of claims 10 to 13,
    characterised in that a closing plate (5,6,110,131) is placed above the first supporting plate (3,103) preferably in parallel arrangement, and is bolted to the first supporting plate (3,103) and that the closing plate (5,6,110,131) as well as the supporting plate (3,103) exhibit openings (121) in alignment with the precipitation tubes (2,102), the opening outer ends rounded.
15. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with one or more than one of claims 10 to 14,
    characterised in that the openings (121) of the closing plate (5,6,110,131) are little larger than the interior space of the precipitation tubes (2,102) and the closing plate (5,6,110,131) is supported at least in part on the front end of the precipitation tubes (2,102) and that spacer disks (115) are located between the first supporting plate (3,103) and the closing plate (5,6,110,131).
16. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with one or more than one of claims 10 to 15,
    characterised in that the precipitation tubes (2,102) exhibit at least one lower region flange portion (144) which is set back relative to the precipitation tube (102) front face by an amount equal to the thickness of a lower clamping plate (130) and is connected, typically welded, to the precipitation tubes (2,102) and that a clamping plate (130,139) is in contact each with the top and bottom front face (146,147) of the flange portion, the two clamping plates connected by stud bolts (135), a second closing plate (6,131) being fixed above the stud bolts (135), parallel and in contact with the lower clamping plate, which lower clamping plate (130) is replaceable by the closing plates (6,131), and that the clamping plates (130,139) exhibit openings (148,149) which correspond to the precipitation tubes (2,102), the openings adapted to the precipitation tube (2,102) outer size, so that the clamping plates (130,139) can be slipped on the precipitation tubes (2,102), and that at least one clamping plate (139) exhibits an enlarged opening (149) to leave clearance relative to the precipitation tubes (2,102).
17. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with one or more than one of claims 1 to 16,
    characterised in that the second closing plate (6,131) exhibits an opening which is rounded on the outer end and is adapted to the outer size of the precipitation tubes (2,102) so that the closing plate (6,131) can be slipped on the precipitation tubes (2,102) and that the lower clamping plate (130) has openings (150) for additional closing plate (6,131) fasteners.
18. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with one or more than one of claims 1 to 17,
    characterised in that the closing plates (6,131) are sandwich plates, composed of an inner and an outer synthetic plate (116,117,132,133), and that an earthing layer (118,134) made of carbon is located between the synthetic plates (116,117,132,133), the carbon being preferably elastic pressed carbon (graphite).
19. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with one or more than one of claims 1 to 18,
    characterised in that the earthing layer (118,134) extends at least sectionwise to the outer rim of the openings (121,140) and is flush with the upper and the lower synthetic plates (116,117,132,133), or that the earthing layer (118,134) extends fully to the entire rim zone of the openings (121,140).
20. Wet-type electrical precipitator in accordance with one or more than one of claims 10 to 19,
    characterised in that the closing plates (6,131) exhibit additional connecting elements, typically rivets (120,143), in the region of the existing openings (118,145), around the circumferences of the openings (114,136), and arranged in the existing recesses (150) in the case of the lower closing plate (6,131).

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