Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
  • H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having potential barriers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
  • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
  • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
  • H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
  • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
  • H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
  • H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for producing a semiconducting and / or electroluminescent organic layer structure, in particular according to the preamble of claims 1 and 2, and an apparatus for performing this method.
• Electro-optical display units for electronic devices are today predominantly implemented in the form of liquid crystal (LCD) displays, the high level of technological development of which enables extremely cost-effective, easily controllable and also sufficiently long-lasting displays to be produced.
• LCD liquid crystal
• OLEDs organic light-emitting diodes
• OLEDs are based on so-called small molecules or polymers, which are arranged in a very thin layer or - as a so-called multilayer OLED - in several successive thin layers on a substrate coated with a conductive, transparent film. ' In the course of previous developments, a large number of substances exhibiting electroluminescent properties as well as a number of component configurations and technological implementation options were examined.
• the thin layers can be applied on the one hand by means of molecular beam epitaxy and on the other hand by spinning on solutions or dispersions with a very small proportion of the selected substance or the selected composition and subsequent drying to produce a solid organic thin layer.
• contact with water or steam must be prevented as strictly as in later operation. This also requires a thorough removal of water adsorbates from the substrate and an absolutely moisture-tight encapsulation of the finished display element.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a generic method and a device for carrying it out, which enable the production of an electroluminescent properties or semiconductor properties showing organic layer structure with high productivity and low costs.
• this object is primarily achieved by a method with the features of claims 1 or 2 and - according to relatively independent forms of the inventive concept - by methods with the features of claims 8 to 11.
• the object is achieved by a device with the features of claim 17.
• the invention closes the basic idea of the use of electromagnetic radiation with an essential active component in the near infrared range, in particular in the wavelength range between 0.8 ⁇ m and 1.5 ⁇ m, for drying a liquid layer applied to the substrate to form an organic one Thin layer with semiconducting egg properties or electroluminescent properties.
• NIR radiation near infrared
• auxiliary processes such as the removal of water adsorbates from the substrate and / or the drying of photoresist layers for the photolithographic structuring of the substrate and / or for drying or Crosslinking an adhesive used in the encapsulation of the organic thin layer (s) as encapsulation material.
• the solution or dispersion is formed with an organic solvent which is particularly volatile under the influence of NIR radiation.
• an organic solvent which is particularly volatile under the influence of NIR radiation.
• the substrate for the organic thin layer is preferably a thin ceramic plate or a thin (for certain applications particularly flexible) glass plate.
• the carrier can also be formed by a plastic film or plate, provided that it is sufficiently resistant to moisture diffusion. If necessary, this can be ensured by vapor deposition, sputtering or the like of a special moisture diffusion barrier. With substrates of the latter types, curved and flexible display elements can advantageously be produced which cannot be easily implemented with comparable mechanical properties on the basis of other display principles.
• the organic thin layer is expediently produced by spin-coating a solution or dispersion with a proportion of the organic composition between 0.2 and 10% by weight, preferably between 0.5 and 3% by weight, with a
• the organic composition comprises polymers or small molecules, especially soluble alkoxyphenyl PPV systems, TAD, MTDATA, Alq 3 , NPD, DCM, DPVBi, CuPc, OYC and / or rare earth complexes or other active compounds that have semiconducting or electroluminescent properties in the thin layer to lend.
• These substances are temperature sensitive, so that an appropriate limitation of the process temperature in the thin layer is necessary.
• the NIR treatment is particularly suitable for this due to the very short drying time and the precise adjustability of the drying process by controlling the radiation. As a rule, this temperature should be below 100 ° C.
• auxiliary processes already briefly mentioned above in the manufacture of electronic circuits from semiconducting organic layer structures or of display units from organic layers with electroluminescent properties include, in particular, the removal of water adsorbates from the substrate surface (or the area that comes into contact with the thin layer to be applied) by short-term NIR - radiation.
• the production of a multilayer OLED structure is advantageously possible in particular by successive application with subsequent NIR irradiation of several liquid layers, each with a specific organic composition.
• the radiation parameters are specifically matched to the specific layer in the layer sequence. Otherwise, the generation of multilayer circuit structures with organic semiconductor thin layers is also possible.
• NIR radiation is also useful for the encapsulation of the display or electronic circuit elements, which is indispensable due to the moisture sensitivity of the organic thin layers, because the adhesives or encapsulation materials (polymers) used can be dried and crosslinked in a productive and cost-effective manner ,
• NIR radiation gains particular advantages in the combined application for several of the process steps mentioned, since the same, comparatively uncomplicated and only a small amount of handling drying system can be used for this.
• the radiation source preferably comprises a reflector which essentially has the cross-section of an ellipse or parabola section, in order to produce an in particular essentially rectangular radiation zone in which the substrate with the liquid thin layer is located or through which it is conveyed during the drying step.
• the power density, measured on the surface of the organic thin layer, is preferably at or above 150 kW / m 2 , especially above 500 kW / m 2 .
• the radiation device By adjusting the size of the radiation zone in accordance with the radiation power of the emitter used, depending on the respective substrate size, either full-area or scanning radiation of the substrate can be realized.
• the radiation device also comprises a movement device for scanning movement of the radiation source over the substrate or for conveying the substrate through the radiation zone.
• a movement device for scanning movement of the radiation source over the substrate or for conveying the substrate through the radiation zone.
• stationary full-area irradiation can make sense.
• the drying effect of the NIR radiation is increased by guiding a protective and drying gas stream over the surface of the liquid layer or the substrate (in particular essentially parallel to this).
• the high-purity inert gas used for this also prevents air and moisture from entering the highly sensitive organic thin film, thus ensuring a high yield.
• the radiation device comprises at least one measuring device for detecting at least one physical quantity of the liquid layer, in particular its temperature and / or moisture content and / or reflectivity and / or refractive index.
• the irradiation can be controlled "manually" on the basis of the measurement results - in particular if it essentially comprises the presetting of an irradiation parameter (or several irradiation parameters) as a function of a previously measured variable.
• the radiation control device has at least one control input, via which it is at least indirectly connected to a measuring device and receives a measurement signal or evaluation result in such a way that the radiation parameters are set on the basis of the measurement signal or evaluation result.
• the control of the radiation parameters includes, in particular, control of the radiator temperature (for example via the applied voltage) and / or the effective radiation power, for example by changing the distance between the radiator or reflector and the layer to be treated.
• a further expedient control option consists in partial imaging and / or filtering of the NIR radiation by means of a suitable diaphragm or closure device or a band or edge filter. In this way, in particular for certain process steps, undesired components of the total radiation spectrum or certain areas of the radiation zone of the lamp-reflector arrangement can be masked out.
• NIR radiation sources also in the NIR range, imitating light-emitting diodes (NIR-LED) or laser diodes can be used in the proposed method and the device according to the invention.
• NIR LEDs or NIR laser diodes are then - depending on the specific application - provided individually or in small groups or (preferably) in diode arrays of a shape adapted to the shape of the desired radiation zone. Because of the radiation properties, they do not need a reflector directly assigned to them; in particular, the use of counter reflectors can be advantageous depending on the absorption properties of the workpiece.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

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• 2000
  • 2000-08-09 DE DE10038895A patent/DE10038895B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2001
  • 2001-07-23 AU AU2001270640A patent/AU2001270640A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2001-07-23 KR KR1020037001959A patent/KR100905282B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-07-23 WO PCT/EP2001/008491 patent/WO2002013285A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2001-07-23 US US10/344,259 patent/US7087453B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2001-07-23 EP EP01949501A patent/EP1307932A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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Non-Patent Citations (2)

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