EP1303003B1 - Protective covering for radio systems, components thereof, and methods of fabrication - Google Patents

Abstract

The protective cladding (3) is formed from a hard foam material and is in contact with a support layer (2). The support layer is produced of a glass fibre reinforced plastic. The insulation layer has a series of V grooves on the surface. The corners of the support layer are tapered.

Description

The invention relates to protective coatings for radio systems, methods for producing such protective coverings, components for such protective coatings, wherein the components comprise an insulating layer, and to methods for producing such components.

Protective covers for radio systems are used to protect the radio or transmitter systems on transmission towers or radar systems from environmental and weather influences. In radar systems, such protective coverings often have the shape of a dome and are referred to as radomes.

Such protective coverings should generally have a low absorption behavior for the electromagnetic radiation of the respective radio or radar system. As a result, the attenuation of the signal intensity of the electromagnetic radiation through the protective covering is only slight.

It is known to produce protective coverings of this type from a rigid polyurethane (PUR) foam. Such a known protective cover is in FIG. 11 shown. The radio system is inside the in FIG. 11 arranged cylinder arranged. The individual components 21,22 of the protective cover 20 are produced as curved components 21,22 in molds and arranged side by side during assembly on site via a Stufenfalz. The resulting joints 24 are foamed with the aid of formwork 23 with hardening foam so as to connect the components 21,22 together. Since the components 21, 22 are self-supporting, they must have a certain stability so that the material of which they are made typically has a density of 200 kg / m ³ to 250 kg / m ³ .

A disadvantage of such protective coverings is that they tend to crack formation under strong temperature fluctuations and easily accumulates on the surface of the protective covering ice and snow. The weight of the ice and snow can pose a certain risk of collapse for the fairing.

Furthermore, due to the large weight of the components, aids in the assembly, such. As a crane, necessary, whereby the cost of assembly are greatly increased. The arrangement of formworks is very time consuming and costly.

From the DE 30 37 727 is a facade element for the protection of radio systems known. From the DE 26 16 294 is a multilayer plate or shell made of plastic known. Furthermore, from the US-A-3 427 626 a protective covering for radio systems according to the preamble of claim 1 is known.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a component and a protective covering as well as the respective production methods with which a simple assembly of the components to form a protective lining is possible.

The object is achieved by a protective covering according to claim 1 and a method for producing a protective lining according to claim 17.

The component according to the invention has a support element which is provided on one side of the hard foam layer. In this case, the support element essentially assumes the supporting or self-supporting task of the component, so that the insulation layer can be optimized with respect to other criteria than the supporting function. For example, it is possible to optimize the insulation layer with respect to the insulating property. This makes it possible to improve the insulation properties so that can be largely dispensed within the protective cover on air conditioning, heating or cooling. Furthermore, it is possible to provide the insulating layer with a low density, so that overall the weight of the components kept as low as possible who can. The low weight is a great advantage for the assembly because it eliminates the need for cranes.

The insulation layer may be made of a rigid foam, for example. An example of this is polyurethane (PUR) foam. However, any other insulation material is conceivable. For the stability, at least a minimum amount of deformation stiffness of the material of the insulating layer is advantageous. An example of such a material is about Styrofoam.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention is given by the fact that the support element is made of a composite material and in this case preferably made of a glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP). Composite materials are materials that are made up of two different ones Composing materials, wherein a material is usually fibrous. For example, glass or carbon fibers are known. The second fabric is typically a cured plastic, such as polyester-derived polyester or the like.

Composite materials can be produced in any shape and are resistant to bending and torsion, as well as being break-resistant, even with thin material thicknesses.

The advantage of such composite materials for protective coverings for radio systems is that the material thickness can be kept thin, so that the absorption is relatively low and still there is an overall sufficient stability of the protective covering.

Another particular embodiment is that the support element is in direct contact with the insulating layer. While between the support member and the insulating layer various other materials may be provided, such. As adhesive layers or layers that affect the permeability of certain liquids or gases, it is advantageous if the support element is provided in direct contact with the insulating layer.

For example, when the insulating layer is made of polyurethane foam, the as yet uncured foam has good adhesiveness, so that the insulating layer can be made in a very stable contact with the supporting element. As a result, a later detachment of the insulating layer from the support element is very unlikely. The same applies if the support element during its manufacture or processing at least temporarily has strong adhesive properties, so that the support element has a good relationship with the insulation layer.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the component according to the invention results from the fact that the support element in the form of a layer is preferably provided on the entire surface of at least one side of the insulating layer. For the function of the radio system, it is of great importance that the protective cover absorbs the electromagnetic waves as homogeneously as possible in all spatial directions, if at all, only weakly. Characterized in that the support element over the entire surface of the insulating layer is provided, thus results in a homogeneous absorption of the in / out of the protective cover / exiting electromagnetic radiation. Furthermore, it is advantageous for the stability of the component when the support element extends over the entire surface of one side of the insulation layer.

Furthermore, it is advantageous for the stability, if two support elements are provided on two opposite sides of the insulating layer.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the component according to the invention results from the fact that the component and / or the support element and / or the insulation layer tapers towards the ends of the component. By the taper, it is possible to connect the components together so that no bead or such forms after connecting two adjacent components at the junction. The space obtained by the taper can thus be used to connect the components. This makes it possible to have a smooth, i. To obtain a bead-free surface, on the ice and snow on the surface can slip well, so that the protective cover is not loaded. Furthermore, it is possible to make the thickness of the protective covering in the region of the connection points the same as in the region of the components away from the connection point, so that the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation is homogeneous over the protective covering area.

The taper of the component can be realized both by a taper of the support element, as well as by a taper of the insulating layer or a combination of the two. However, it is particularly advantageous to provide the taper by the taper of the support member, since thus the same material thickness, as in the remaining component can be achieved with subsequent assembly of the components to a protective covering by applying further material of the support element in the region of the taper, so that in turn, the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation of the radio system by the protective covering in different radiation or incident directions is completely homogeneous.

An embodiment of the component according to the invention in which the insulation layer thickness has a thickness of 30 mm to 120 mm, preferably of 60 mm, is advantageous.

By such a thickness sufficient isolation behavior, as well as a sufficient stability of the overall component is achieved.

Also advantageous is an embodiment of the component according to the invention, in which the component is curved flat or in one direction. The planar embodiment of the component can be produced inexpensively, since components of different sizes can be produced on a single predetermined level. A component that is curved is particularly well suited if the entire protective covering is curved as a whole.

The component according to the invention advantageously has blunt ends. The blunt ends can be easily glued together by insulation material, such as polyurethane foam.

The insulating layer material preferably has a density in the range of 40 kg / m ³ to 160 kg / m ³ , in particular a density in the range of 80 kg / m ³ , both for the insulating properties, as well as for the weight of the component taking into account the stability requirements optimal.

A further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that the component has slots on one side, wherein the side is preferably the side opposite the support element. The slots may extend into the insulating layer and also form slots in the support member. The slitting of the component on one side results in the component being able to be curved by the action of an external force, so that even with a component that was flat prior to the slitting, it can be used to produce curved protective coatings. The slots advantageously have a depth of max. half the thickness of the component, however, the depth may also be much larger or substantially smaller.

In this case, it is particularly advantageous if at least two slots or at least two groups of essentially parallel slots are provided which have different directions. By, for example, a fan-shaped arrangement of the slots, it is possible to bend the component to a conical shell part. The curvature at one end of the component is thus greater than the curvature at another end of the component. This increases the possibility of components for many different forms of possible To create protective coverings. Components with a conical shape are also advantageously usable for dome-shaped protective linings.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that the support element comprises color particles in powder form. By such powder, the mechanical stability of the support member, if any, only slightly affected, if not increased, but the support element is equal to its color. Thus, a later coat or other repair paints, which lead to further costs, can be avoided.

An inventive method for producing a component according to the invention comprises the production of an insulating layer and a supporting element connected thereto. For the production of the component according to the invention, there are several possibilities to produce the various components of the component and to connect them together. It is for example possible according to the invention to manufacture the support element and the insulating layer separately from each other and then to connect to each other, for example, to bond together.

It is also possible according to the invention to first produce the insulating layer and to produce the support element on the insulating layer, so that the supporting element immediately connects to the insulating layer and adapts to its shape.

However, conversely, it is also possible to first make the support element and then to make the insulation layer so that it connects by temporary adhesive properties of the insulating layer material equal to the support element and possibly adapts to its shape.

It is also possible, for example, a finished or still drying insulation layer with the material for the support element, which is itself still on curing and thus is still adhesive to connect with each other.

Advantageous embodiments of the method are disclosed in the dependent method claims.

Particularly advantageous in this case is the production of the support element or the insulating layer in a component form. This makes it possible, on the one hand, to produce a smooth surface, for example of the support element. This smooth surface is of great advantage for the protective covering which is produced with such a component, since ice and snow can thereby slide down on the surface of the component and thus on the surface of the protective covering and do not remain exposed on the surface.

Furthermore, the use of a component form is advantageous in order to predetermine the outer shape of the component during manufacture. A subsequent aftertreatment, for example by cutting or sawing, in order to achieve a desired outer geometry of the component is therefore not necessary.

In particular, such a component form is advantageous in which the taper of the component results towards its ends. If, for example, a component tapering towards its ends is produced, then a corresponding component shape would have a deviation from the flat structure toward the ends of the component form, for example in the form of a bead or a bevel, so that the component is tapered.

In order to achieve the taper of the component according to the invention, the support element can be made equal with a corresponding taper towards the ends. However, a post-processing is possible, so that a rejuvenation results from a mechanical processing.

Furthermore, a component form is advantageous in which slots are already formed by the component shape in the finished manufactured component. It is also possible in the method according to the invention to produce the slots by mechanical means by sawing, milling or cutting or the like.

With the components according to the invention described above or the components produced by the method according to the invention, it is now possible to create protective linings for radio systems.

In this case, it is advantageous to have a protective covering in which the individual components are connected to one another by means of a connection means, the connection preferably being gluing includes. The connecting means used for joining is advantageously the same material from which the insulating layer of the component was made. By connecting the components with such a connecting means, a particularly good homogeneity of the protective covering with respect to the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation is achieved. The fact that the components themselves consist to some extent of insulating material, the connection of the components with the insulating material may cause the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation, for example in the region in the middle of a component, is the same as at a junction of two components.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to connect the components to one another on the inside and / or outside of the protective covering with connecting material. Advantageously, in this case the material is used, which is also the material of the support member of the components. This is of particular advantage for the homogeneity of the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation by the protective covering. Furthermore, it is possible to create a coherent surface on the outside of the protective covering, which consists entirely of the material of the support element or the support elements. It can be as a whole produce a very smooth surface on the ice and snow can easily slide down, so that the risk of collapse of such a protective cover is almost zero by the weight of ice and snow.

If fiberglass-reinforced plastic is used as the material for the support element, it is possible, for example, to apply one or more layers of glass fibers in the tapers of the components at their ends and then to apply a corresponding plastic resin in the region of the tapers of the ends of the components. Provided that a taper of the components has been realized by a taper of the support element, it is thus possible to ensure a uniform layer thickness of the material of the support element over the junction of two components. The layer thickness may in this case be equal to the layer thickness of the support element of the components.

An embodiment in which the components are curved is advantageous. As a result, the ends of the components can butt against each other, but overall result in a curved shape of the protective cover. Slits, which are arranged on the inside of the curvature, can be completely or partially closed by the curvature of the component.

Particularly advantageous here is an embodiment of the protective covering according to the invention, in which the entire protective covering consists exclusively of the material of the supporting element and the insulating layer material. By such a protective cover, the absorption behavior with respect to the electromagnetic radiation of the protective covering is very homogeneous or very low overall. Metal connecting parts or connecting parts protruding from the protective lining would greatly disturb this homogeneity.

Advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention for producing a protective covering are disclosed in the dependent claims of claim 33.

Embodiments of the component according to the invention for a protective covering of radio systems, the method according to the invention for producing a component for a protective covering of radio systems, a protective covering of radio systems according to the invention, and the method for producing a protective covering for radio systems will be explained below with reference to the attached figures.

• Fig.1a, 1b, 1c perspektivische Ansichten verschiedener Ausführungsformen erfindungsgemäßer Bauteile,
• Fig. 2 eine Schnittzeichnung des Endes eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils,
• Fig. 3 eine Schnittzeichnung des Endes eines erfingungsgemäßen Bauteils,
• Fig. 4 Schnittzeichnungen von verschiedenen Herstellungsschritten bei der Herstellung eines erfingungsgemäßen Bauteils,
• Fig. 5 Schnittzeichnungen von optionalen Schritten bei der Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils,
• Fig. 6 Schnitte einer Bauteilform und verschiedene Prozessschritte bei der Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils.
• Fig. 7a perspektivische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schutzverkleidung,
• Fig. 7b Schnittzeichnung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schutzverkleidung,
• Fig. 8a perspektivische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schutzverkleidung,
• Fig. 8b Schnittzeichnung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schutzverkleidung,
• Fig. 9 perspektivische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schutzverkleidung,
• Fig. 10 eine Schnittzeichnung einer Verbindungsstelle von zwei erfindungsgemäßen Bauteilen einer erfindungsgemäßen Schutzverkleidung,
• Fig. 11 Bauteile einer Schutzverkleidung gemäß dem Stand der Technik,

Showing:

• Fig.1a, 1b, 1c perspective views of various embodiments of components according to the invention,
• Fig. 2 a sectional view of the end of a component according to the invention,
• Fig. 3 a sectional view of the end of a component according to the invention,
• Fig. 4 Sectional drawings of various production steps in the production of a component according to the invention,
• Fig. 5 Sectional drawings of optional steps in the manufacture of a component according to the invention,
• Fig. 6 Sections of a component shape and various process steps in the manufacture of a component according to the invention.
• Fig. 7a perspective view of a protective cover according to the invention,
• Fig. 7b Sectional view of a protective lining according to the invention,
• Fig. 8a perspective view of a protective cover according to the invention,
• Fig. 8b Sectional view of a protective lining according to the invention,
• Fig. 9 perspective view of a protective cover according to the invention,
• Fig. 10 a sectional view of a junction of two components according to the invention a protective cover according to the invention,
• Fig. 11 Components of a protective cover according to the prior art,

In Fig. 1a a component 1 according to the invention is shown which comprises an insulating layer 3 and a supporting element 2. The layer thickness of the support element 2 will generally be in the range of a few mm and that of the insulating layer 3 in the range of a few cm.

The outer shape of the component 1 in Fig. 1a is rectangular in plan view. The dimensions along the longitudinal sides of the component 1 are typically between a few decimeters and a few meters.

In Fig. 1b an inventive component 1 is shown, in which at the ends tapers 7 of the support element 2 are provided and arranged on its upper side parallel, similar slots 14 in the region of the insulating layer 3 has. Because of the slots 14, the component 1 can be curved. As a result of the taper 7, the components 1, as described further below, can be connected to one another in a particularly advantageous manner to form a protective lining. Even if the rejuvenation 7 in Fig. 1b can be seen only on the right and left sides, it can also be provided according to the invention at the front and / or rear.

In Fig. 1c an embodiment of a component 1 according to the invention is shown, which has the outer shape of a curvilinear trapezium in plan view. Such shapes are advantageous, for example, in the formation of domes for a radome. Such forms arise, for example, between latitude and longitude circles on the globe, or on maps of the globe.

Also in the component 1 in Fig. 1c the tapers 7 are shown at the ends of the component 1.

Instead of in Fig. 1a to Fig. 1c shown rectangular or curvilinear trapezoidal shapes also round, triangular, hexagonal or interlocking forms of components 1 may be possible. The outer shape is arbitrary.

The support element 2 in Fig. 1a to Fig. 1c is made of single or multi-layer glass fiber reinforced plastic and the insulation layer 3 made of PUR foam. The glass fiber reinforced plastic can be colored with color particles.

The support element 2 is in the in Fig. 1a to Fig. 1c illustrated embodiment provided only on one side of the insulating layer 3. Furthermore, the support element 2 is provided in the form of a layer which extends over the entire side of the insulation layer 3. However, the support member 2 may also have the shape of one or more ribs or frames provided on the insulating layer 3.

Along the longitudinal sides of the components 1 of the invention Figures 1a, 1b and 1c are blunt ends formed.

In Fig. 2 a sectional drawing of the end of a component 1 according to the invention is shown. The insulating layer 3 is provided with the thickness 6. In the embodiment in FIG Fig. 2 is provided on both sides of the insulating layer 3, a support member 2. The thickness 4 and the thickness 5 of the support elements 2 on the top and bottom of the insulating layer 3 are generally different, but may be the same. As a rule, the thickness 4 and 5 is significantly smaller than the thickness 6 of the insulating layer 3.

In the embodiment of the in Fig. 2 illustrated component 1 according to the invention a taper 7 of the component 1 is provided towards its end. This is the case in the embodiment which is in Fig. 2 is achieved, characterized in that the thickness 4 of the upper support member 2 is reduced to the left to a thickness 8. The thickness 8 can also be zero. Also on the underside, such a taper 7 of the layer thickness 5 to a layer thickness 9, which may also be zero, be present. Reducing thicknesses 4 and 5 to thicknesses 8 and 9 does not have to be as in Fig. 2 shown, linear, but may also be provided stepped or curved. In the embodiment in Fig. 2 the layer thickness 6 of the insulating layer 3 between the tapers 7 remains unchanged.

In Fig. 3 a further embodiment of a component 1 according to the invention is shown in which are also provided on the top and bottom tapers of the component 1 at the left end of the component 1. Here, the layer thickness 6 of the insulating layer 3 is reduced to the left end of the component 1 out to a layer thickness 10, whereby the taper of the component 1 results towards its end. The layer thicknesses 4 and 5 of the support elements 2 can change to the left end in each case to the layer thicknesses 11 and 12. As a result, a stronger or less pronounced taper of the component 1 towards the left end can be achieved, in comparison to the sole tapering of the component 1 by the tapering of the layer thickness 6 to the layer thickness 10 of the insulation layer 3. Again, the reduction of the layer thickness must be 4.5 , 6 on each of the layer thickness 11,12,10 non-linear, but may also be stepped or curvilinear.

The provision of support elements 2 on both sides of the insulating layer 3 in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is optional. According to the invention, it is also possible to provide the support element 2 only on one side.

In Fig. 4 various steps of an embodiment according to the invention of the method for producing a component 1 for a radio system are shown.

In Fig. 4a a plane 13 is shown on which the component 1 is produced. The plane 13 here is the component form 13. At the right and left end of the plane 13 can also be provided upwardly extending walls that can limit the component 1 side.

In Fig. 4b is shown how on the plane 13, a layer of a material for the support member 2 is applied. For this purpose, for example, a thin layer of a plastic powder provided with color powder is applied to the plane 13. Subsequently, glass fibers in the form of mats or mesh are placed and impregnated with the plastic resin. It is also possible to produce multilayer composites by applying several layers of glass fiber material. Here, the application of synthetic resin and fiberglass material can be done alternately, which can be started both with fiberglass and plastic material.

One or more layers of the plastic material used to make the support member 2 may be provided with colorant particles.

As in Fig. 4c illustrated, an insulating layer 3 is connected to the support member 2. This insulating layer 3 can be produced, for example, by applying a polyurethane foam material to the support element 2 and curing it there. Before curing, the polyurethane foam is usually very sticky, so that there is a good connection with the support element 2 after curing. A rough top of the support member 2 is for a good connection with the insulating layer 3 is advantageous because so interlock both materials.

However, it is also possible according to the invention to produce the insulation layer 3 separately and then to apply it to the support element 2 with a connection step. This may include, for example, a gluing.

In Fig. 4d an optional step in the manufacture of a component 1 according to the invention is shown. In the materials applied on the plane 13, one or more slots 14 are provided on the upper side of the component 1. These slots 14 can be made by cutting, milling, sawing, etc., ie generally by machining, in particular mechanical. The component 1 does not necessarily have to lie on the mold 13.

The depth of the slots 14 may extend to close to the plane 13, but is advantageously not deeper than half the thickness of the component 1. By virtue of the fact that the slots 14 are not worked too deeply into the insulating layer 3, the stability of the component 1 is maintained to a high degree.

In Fig. 5a a manufacturing step is shown, which is based on the in Fig. 4c can follow the step shown. As in Fig. 5a shown, a further support member 2 is applied to the top of the insulating layer 3. This further support element 2 can be made similar to the insulating layer 3, as the support element 2 in Fig. 4 b at level 13, as described above.

It is also possible, the support element 2 shown in FIG. 2 above on the insulating layer 3 Fig. 5a manufacture separately and then connect with a connection step with the insulating layer 3. The bonding can be, for example, bonding with polyurethane foam or other suitable adhesives. It is also possible to apply the separately prepared, further top support element 2 prior to curing of the material of the insulating layer 3 and thus also exploit the adhesive properties of the insulating material 3 before curing.

The in Fig. 5b The illustrated process step can be adapted to the in Fig. 4d and to the in Fig. 5a Connect the step shown. Starting from the state in Fig. 4d is applied to the top of the insulating layer 3 in the areas in which no slot 14 is provided, a further layer of the material of the support member 2 so as to form a plurality of support elements 2 between the slots 14.

Starting from Fig. 5a is again made by mechanical processing, ie milling, cutting, sawing, etc., one or more slots 14 on the top of the component 1. Again, the depth of the slots 14 is advantageously max. half the thickness of the component 1.

The width and number of slots in Fig. 4d and Fig. 5b can be adapted to any requirements. The width is in Fig. 4d and 5b for the sake of clarity shown exaggerated.

Another possible embodiment of the method according to the invention is based on Fig. 6 explained. In Fig. 6a a mold 13 is shown in which the top is curved is. The curvature can be from semicircular to almost flat. Correspondingly too Fig. 4b, 4c and Fig. 5a be in the process steps that in Fig. 6b, 6c and 6d are shown, an inventive component 1 produced. The step in Fig. 6d is shown, ie the application of a further support member 2, is optional. Due to the embodiment of the component form 13 ', as in Fig. 6 The ends of the component 1 can be configured, for example, by borders of the component form 13 'at their upper ends so that they terminate perpendicular to the course of the surfaces of the component 1. A slit 14, which allows the components 1 to bend, is not absolutely necessary in the case of the curved components 1, but may also be provided according to the invention.

In the Fig. 4c, 4d, 5a, 5b . 6c and 6d shown components 1, can be edited at a further process step at their ends. In this case, for example, by tapering the ends tapers 7 are attached. It is also possible to change the angle which the end surface encloses with the side surfaces of the component 1. In the embodiments as they are in Fig. 4c, 4d, 5a, 5b . 6c and 6d are shown, the angle is 90 °, but other angles are possible.

In Fig. 7a and 7b is a perspective and a sectional drawing of a protective panel 17 according to the invention shown. The protective cover 17 in Fig. 7a is cylindrical and consists of two rows of 6 components 1 together. The radio system to be protected is arranged inside the cylinder, but not shown here. The upper and lower ends are closed by appropriate documents or coverings. The pad or the cover must meet any special requirements regarding the absorption of electromagnetic radiation and therefore may be arbitrary. The components 1 are connected to one another along straight-line connecting lines. However, the connecting lines do not necessarily have to be straight, but can also be curvilinear. For producing a protective cover 17, as in Fig. 7a can be shown, for example, in Fig. 1b . 4d . 5b . 6c and 6d shown components 1 are used. In Fig. 7b the possibility is shown in which a slotted component 1, for example as in Fig. 1b . 4d or 5b shown is used. The slotted components 1 are curved for assembly, the curvature being made possible by the slots 14 on one side of the components 1.

As in Fig. 7b to recognize, close the slots 14 of the components 1 in the curvature at least partially or even completely to closed slots 14 '. In this way it is possible to produce a cylindrical protective cover 17. When closing the slots 14, the support elements 2 project between the slots 14 of a component 1, for example Fig. 5b , together, there is a kind of stop for the curvature. That means another curvature is not possible. This results in a particularly good stability of the component 1 in this state.

Another embodiment of a protective cover 18 according to the invention is in the Fig. 8a and 8b shown. At the in Fig. 8a and 8b shown components 1, the angle between the end surface and the lateral surface of the components 1 is not 90 °, but the end surface is slightly bevelled in comparison.

As in Fig. 8a shown, the protective cover 18 is composed of three rows of 6 components 1 each.

The number of components 1 in a row of in Fig. 7 and 8th However, shown protective cover 17 and 18 is not limited to six. There are also significantly more components 1 in each row possible, for example, several 10 to several 100. However, in principle, a single component 1 for the protective cover 17, which forms a curved cylinder, according to the invention possible.

In Fig. 9 a further embodiment of a protective covering 19 according to the invention is shown. The protective cover 19 here has the overall shape of a dome 19, as used for example in a radon. Under the dome, the radio system, such as a radar can be arranged. The dome 19 will be placed on a suitable surface.

As in Fig. 9 To recognize the components 1 have no rectangular shape, but are substantially trapezoidal. There are provided here 3 rows of components 1, wherein the lower two rows have the same number of components 1. However, the rows can also have different number of components 1. For example, the third and top row has a smaller number of components 1 than the two bottom rows. The top row of components 1 can taper at its upper end, so that Seen from the outside, they have the overall shape of a curvilinear triangle, but the upper end of the dome 19 can also be formed by a type of closing element, as in FIG FIG. 9 shown.

A protective cover 19 in the form of a dome, as in Fig. 9 can also be created by assembling planar components 1 without slots 14. The result is a polygon surface similar to the one in FIG. 8 , but closed up. A large number of components 1 is advantageous in this case, since then the angles at which the components 1 abut one another become approximately 180 °.

In the protective coatings of the invention, of which three embodiments 17,18,19 in the Fig. 7 . Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are shown, it is advantageous to provide the support member 2 of the components 1 on the outside of the protective cover. By manufacturing the support element 2 in a component form 13, 13 ', the outside can be very smooth, resulting in a very smooth outer surface of the protective covering. This allows ice and snow to slip well on the fairing and the weight that the protective fairing 17, 18, 19 must hold is not very large.

The manner in which it is possible according to the invention to join the various components 1 to the protective coverings 17, 18 or 19 is shown in FIG Fig. 10 shown. In a sectional view, two components 1 are shown respectively on the right and left. The components 1 comprise the insulating layer 3 and, in the in Fig. 10 shown embodiment, respectively, an upper and an optional lower support element 2. The two workpieces 1 are each provided with a taper 7 at the ends facing each other. The taper 7 is realized here by the taper 7 of the support element 2, but can also, as shown above, additionally or exclusively by tapering 7 of the insulation layer 3 can be achieved.

The components 1 are shown slightly spaced. However, the components 1 can also completely meet, so that the connecting means 16 is present only in the resulting cavities between the two components 1.

The connecting means 16 may, for. B. be the same material from which the insulation layer 3 was made. Particularly suitable is the PUR foam, which is available for on-site assembly in pressure cans. The extension of the connecting means 16 upwards or downwards is preferably equal to the layer thickness of the insulating layer 3, but may also include the thickness of the insulating layer 3 plus the thickness of the supporting element (s) 2 at the ends. Other dimensions are possible according to the invention.

In the event that the material of the connecting means 16 is equal to the insulating layer 3, and also in the case that the extension of the connecting means 16 along the thickness of the components 1 is equal to the thickness of the insulating layer 3, thus results in a continuous area, which is made of one and the same material with one and the same layer thickness and thus a completely homogeneous absorption with respect to the electromagnetic radiation of the radio system. However, according to the invention, other connecting means 16 than the material of the insulating layer 3 and other dimensions along the thickness of the component 1 of the connecting means 16 can also be selected. The connecting means 16 may also be omitted according to the invention, since the components can also be connected to one another at their outer / inner side.

By the taper 7 results at the upper and lower part of the joint, a region 15 of, as long as it is not filled, a void 15 is.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, this empty space 15 can now be filled with connecting material in order to establish the connection between the components 1.

The empty space 15 is preferably filled with the material from which the support element 2 of the components 1 was produced. This has the advantage that the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation in the region of the connection is the same as in the region of the components 1.

If the void 15 is filled with a bonding material having, for example, a lower / higher absorption than the material of the support element 2, the thickness of the material in the region 15 may be greater / smaller than the layer thickness of the support element 2 of the components 1.

By connecting the components 1 to the connecting means 16 and / or by filling the spaces 15 above or below the components 1 with connecting material, a stable connection to the components 1 can be achieved, with the possibility of using only materials which also was used for the preparation of the components 1 itself. This is particularly advantageous for the dielectric properties of the protective covering 17, 18, 19, since there is thus only a slight disturbance or absorption of the electromagnetic radiation of the radio installation.

In the following, embodiments of the method according to the invention for producing the protective covering 18, 19, 20 for radio systems will be explained with reference to the figures.

For producing a protective covering 17,18,19 for a radio system, as in Fig. 7a is shown, already curved components 1, as in Fig. 6c and 6d shown used. It is also possible slotted components 1, as in Fig. 1b, 1c . 4d and 5b shown to use. The slotted components 1 are curved by the action of an external force, in one direction, so that the slits 14 lie on the curvature inside and thus at least partially close. The components 1 are assembled with a connection technique which will be described later. It is advantageous here to assemble the protective covering 17, 18, 19 from a plurality of individual components 1. Thereby, the weight of the components 1 can be kept in a range which makes it possible to mount the components 1 solely with human power, ie in particular without cranes. Thus, protective coverings with several meters or several tens of meters can be built.

For a protective cover 18 for a radio system, as in Fig. 8a and 8b can be shown, planar components 1, as shown in Fig. 4c and 5a are shown used. Here, the ends of the components 1 will be provided obliquely angled.

For protective panels 19 in the form of a dome, as in FIG. 9 can be shown, advantageously components 1 of the type Fig. 1c be used, since a curvature in different directions at different points of the component 1 is possible. The other components 1 from the FIGS. 1a, 1b . 4c, 4d . 5a, 5b . 6c, 6d can be used.

The components 1 of a protective cover 17, 18, 19 are assembled with the connection technique described below to form a protective cover 17, 18, 19.

The components 1 are supported and held by appropriate devices or by hand at their predetermined place. A connecting means 16, e.g. PUR foam is injected into the space between the blunt ends of the components 1. It glues there with the ends of the components 1 and connects them firmly after curing.

It is also possible according to the invention to first provide a surface, which abuts a component 1 to be assembled, with the connection means 16, then to insert the component 1 to be mounted and to let the connection means 16 dry or harden. The components 1 can thereby abut each other directly or even slightly spaced apart from each other. However, the connecting means 16 is optional, since the components 1 are also connected to one another by the step described below.

On the outside of the protective covering 17,18,19 the connecting material is applied, from which the support member 2 of the components 1 has been prepared. If tapers 7 are provided at the ends of the components 1, the application takes place in the space 15 created by the taper 7. If the support element 2 of the components 1 is made of fiberglass, the connecting material will advantageously also be fiberglass. The GRP is applied by applying thermosetting plastic resin and glass fibers in the form of mats or fabric. The plastic resin is advantageously colored with color particles, so that after joining the components 1, a uniform outer color or color scheme of the protective panel 17,18,19 results. The GRP material adheres to the components 1 outside and / or inside, hardens and connects the components 1 with each other so. On the outside, a smooth coherent layer of the material from which the support elements 2 of the components 1 are made is ideally obtained.

The connection of the components 1 can also take place on the inside of the protective covering 17,18,19. This is particularly useful if support elements 2 of the components 1 are also provided on the inside.

If the components 1 are connected to one another by a connecting means 16, the connection with the connecting material in the voids 15 need not necessarily occur. However, it would then be advantageous to seal the joints between the support elements 2 of the various components 1, at least on the outside of the protective cover 17, 18, 19. The sealing can be done with suitable sealing materials or with a material from which the support elements 2 of the components 1, eg GRP or even just e.g. Polyestherharz are made.

By means of the components 1 according to the invention and the connection technology according to the invention, it is possible to provide a protective covering 17, 18, 19 according to the invention whose absorption in the region of the connection points is virtually identical to the absorption of the components 1 in a region outside the connection points. Furthermore, the finished protective cover 17,18,19 may have a smooth surface on the ice and snow slip well. Due to the good insulation properties are special heating, cooling, or air conditioning systems for the interior of the protective cover 17,18,19 in which the radio system is located, not or only with very low power necessary.

Claims (27)

1. Protective covering (17, 18, 19) for radio systems having components, which in each case comprise an insulation layer (3), in each case a support element (2) connected to the insulation layer being provided at least partly on at least one side of the insulation layer (3), reduction (7) of the thickness of the respective support element (2) being provided at the ends of components (1), characterized in that the spatial region which is formed by the reduction (7) is filled with material of the support element (2) and this material connects adjacent components (1).
2. Protective covering according to Claim 1, characterized in that the respective support element (2) is produced from a composite material and preferably glass fibre-reinforced plastic and/or the insulation layer (3) is a rigid foam layer (3).
3. Protective covering according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the respective support element (2) is provided in direct contact with the respective insulation layer (3).
4. Protective covering according to any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the respective support element (2) is provided in the form of a layer, preferably on the total surface of at least one side of the respective insulation layer (3).
5. Protective covering according to any of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that support elements (2) are provided on two opposite sides of the respective insulation layer (3).
6. Protective covering according to any of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the respective insulation layer (3) has a thickness of 30 to 120 mm, preferably of 60 mm.
7. Protective covering according to any of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the components (1) are flat or are curved in one direction.
8. Protective covering according to any of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the components (1) have blunt ends.
9. Protective covering according to any of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the insulation layer material has a density in the range of 40 kg/m³ to 160 kg/m³, preferably in the region of 80 kg/m³.
10. Protective covering according to any of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the components (1) have slots (14) on one side, the side preferably being the side opposite the respective support element (2) and the slots (14) preferably extending in the direction of the thickness of the layer to not more than half the thickness of the components (1).
11. Protective covering according to Claim 10, characterized in that the components (1) have at least two slots (14) in different directions.
12. Protective covering according to any of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the respective support element (2) comprises coloured particles in powder form.
13. Protective covering (17, 18, 19) according to any of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the components (1) are additionally connected, preferably adhesively bonded with a connecting means (16), the connecting means (16) preferably being the same material with which the insulation layer (3) of the components (1) was produced.
14. Protective covering (17, 18, 19) according to any of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the components (1) are connected on the inside and outside to the material of the respective support element (2) of the components (1).
15. Protective covering (17, 18, 19) according to any of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the components (1) are curved, slots (14) being present on the inside of the curvature.
16. Protective covering (17, 18, 19) according to any of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the protective covering (17, 18, 19) consists exclusively of the material of the respective support element (2) and the insulation layer material.
17. Method for the fabrication of a protective covering (17, 18, 19) for radio systems, in which components which in each case have an insulation layer (3) and, on at least one side of the insulation layer (3), in each case a support element (2) connected thereto are assembled, the respective support element (2) being produced so as to taper at least towards one end of the respective component (1), characterized in that the material of the support element is applied in the spatial region (15) which is formed by the reduction (7) of the thickness of the respective support element and thus connects adjacent components to one another.
18. Method according to Claim 17, characterized in that the respective support element (2) comprises a composite material, preferably a glass fibre-reinforced plastic (2), and/or the insulation layer (3) is a rigid foam layer.
19. Method according to Claims 17 or 18, characterized in that the respective insulation layer (3) and the respective support element (2) are connected to one another during or after the production of the support element (2) and/or of the respective insulation layer (3).
20. Method according to any of Claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the respective support element (2) is produced in the form of a layer and/or the respective insulation layer (3) is produced in or on a component form (13, 13').
21. Method according to any of Claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the respective support element (2) is produced in the form of a layer on the respective insulation layer (3).
22. Method according to any of Claims 17 to 21, characterized in that in each case a component (1) having blunt ends is produced by virtue of the component form (13, 13') and/or by cutting off edges of the respective component (1).
23. Method according to any of Claims 17 to 22, characterized in that, predetermined by the component form (13, 13') or by slots (14) of the respective insulation layer (3) and/or of the respective support element (2), a respective component (1) is produced which has, on one side, slots (14) which preferably extend in the direction of the thickness of the respective insulation layer (3) to not more than half the thickness of the respective component (1).
24. Method according to any of Claims 17 to 23, characterized in that the respective component (1) is produced on a flat and/or curved surface (13, 13').
25. Method according to any of Claims 17 to 24, characterized in that the respective support element (2) is coloured with coloured particles in powder form during its production.
26. Method according to any of Claims 17 to 25, characterized in that the assembly of the respective components (1) comprises the connection of the respective components (1) on the inside and outside of the protective covering (17, 18, 19) to the material of the respective support element (2) of the respective component (1).
27. Method according to any of Claims 17 to 26, characterized in that in each case slotted components (1) which are curved are used.

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