WO2003034540A1

WO2003034540A1 - Protective coating for radiotechnic installations, related components and methods for producing said components

Info

Publication number: WO2003034540A1
Application number: PCT/EP2002/007650
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rudolf Goebel
Original assignee: G + H Montage Gmbh
Priority date: 2001-10-12
Filing date: 2002-07-09
Publication date: 2003-04-24
Also published as: DE50113914D1; EP1303003B1; NO20032624D0; DE20210131U1; NO20032624L; ATE393972T1; DK1303003T3; SI1303003T1; NO326676B1; PT1303003E; EP1303003A1; ES2305021T3

Abstract

The invention concerns a protective coating for radiotechnic installations, comprising an insulating layer, and a method for producing such a component. The component (1) is characterized in that there is provided on at least one surface of the insulating layer (3), at least partly, a support element (2). The invention also concerns a protective coating comprising the inventive component, and a method for producing such a protective coating.

Description

PROTECTIVE FAIRING FOR RADIO TECHNICAL SYSTEMS, COMPONENTS THEREFOR, AND ANY PRODUCTION METHOD

The invention relates to protective cladding for radio systems, methods for producing such protective cladding, components for such protective cladding, the components comprising an insulation layer, and methods for producing such components.

Protective covers for radio systems are used to protect the radio or transmitter systems on masts or radar systems from environmental and weather influences. In radar systems, such protective coverings often have the shape of a dome and are referred to as radomes.

Such protective coverings should generally have a low absorption behavior for the electromagnetic radiation from the respective radio or radar system. As a result, the attenuation of the signal intensity of the electromagnetic radiation by the protective covering is only slight.

It is known to produce protective coverings of this type from a rigid polyurethane (PUR) foam. Such a known protective covering is shown in FIG. 11. The radio technology system is arranged inside the cylinder shown in FIG. 11. The individual components 21, 22 of the protective cladding 20 are produced as curved components 21, 22 in hollow molds and are arranged next to one another during assembly on site via a step fold. The resulting joints 24 are foamed with formwork 23 with hardening foam so as to connect the components 21, 22 together. Since the components 21, 22 are self-supporting, they must have a certain stability, so that the material from which they are made typically has a density of 200 kg / m ³ to 250 kg / m ³ .

The disadvantage of such protective coverings is that they tend to crack when there are large temperature fluctuations and that ice and snow easily accumulate on the surface of the protective coverings. The weight of the ice and snow can pose a certain risk of collapse for the cladding. Furthermore, due to the great weight of the components, tools such as. B. a crane, necessary, which greatly increases the cost of assembly. The arrangement of formwork is very time-consuming and costly.

The object of the present invention is therefore to create a component and protective cladding and the respective manufacturing processes for this, with which simple assembly of the components to form a protective cladding is possible.

The object is achieved by a component according to claim 1, a manufacturing method for a component according to claim 14, a protective covering according to claim 27, and a method for producing a protective covering according to claim 33.

The component according to the invention has a support element which is provided on one side of the rigid foam layer. The supporting element takes on the essential part of the load-bearing or self-supporting function of the component, so that the insulation layer can be optimized with respect to criteria other than the load-bearing function. For example, it is possible to optimize the insulation layer with regard to the insulation property. This makes it possible to improve the insulation properties in such a way that air conditioning, heating or cooling can be largely dispensed with within the protective cladding. Furthermore, it is possible to provide the insulation layer with a low density, so that the overall weight of the components can be kept as low as possible. The low weight is a great advantage for the assembly, as this means that there is no need for cranes.

The insulation layer can, for example, be made from a rigid foam. An example of this is polyurethane (PUR) foam. However, any other insulation material is also conceivable. At least a minimum degree of deformation stiffness of the material of the insulation layer is advantageous for the stability. An example of such a material is styrofoam.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention is given in that the support element is made of a composite material and in this case preferably of a glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP). Composite materials are materials that are made up of two Assemble different materials, one material is usually fibrous. Glass or carbon fibers are known, for example. The second substance is usually a hardened plastic, such as polyester obtained from polyester resin or the like.

Composite materials can be produced in any shape and are resistant to bending and torsion as well as unbreakable even with thin material thicknesses.

The advantage of composite materials of this type for protective cladding for radio-technical systems is that the material thickness can be kept thin, so that the absorption is relatively low and the overall stability of the protective cladding is still sufficient.

Another special embodiment consists in that the support element is in direct contact with the insulation layer. While various other materials can be provided between the support element and the insulation layer, such as. B. adhesive layers or layers that affect the permeability of certain liquids or gases, it is advantageous if the support element is provided in direct contact with the insulation layer.

If, for example, the insulation layer is made of polyurethane foam, the foam which has not yet cured has good adhesive properties, so that the insulation layer can be produced in very stable contact with the support element. This makes it very unlikely that the insulation layer will later detach from the support element. The same applies if the support element at least temporarily has strongly adhesive properties during its manufacture or processing, so that the support element also has a good connection with the insulation layer.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the component according to the invention results from the fact that the support element in the form of a layer is preferably provided on the entire surface of at least one side of the insulation layer. For the function of the radio technology system, it is of great importance that the protective cladding absorbs the electromagnetic waves as homogeneously as possible in all spatial directions, if at all, only weakly. The fact that the support element over the entire surface of the insulation Onsschicht is provided, there is thus a homogeneous absorption of the electromagnetic radiation entering / exiting from the protective covering. Furthermore, it is advantageous for the stability of the component if the support element extends over the entire surface of one side of the insulation layer.

Furthermore, it is advantageous for stability if two support elements are provided on two opposite sides of the insulation layer.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the component according to the invention results from the component and / or the support element and / or the insulation layer tapering towards the ends of the component. The taper makes it possible to connect the components to one another in such a way that no bead or the like forms at the connection point after connecting two adjacent components. The space gained through the taper can thus be used to connect the components. This makes it possible to have a smooth, i.e. maintain a bulge-free surface on which ice and snow can slide off the surface so that the protective cladding is not strained. Furthermore, it is possible to make the thickness of the protective covering in the area of the connection points equal to that in the area of the components away from the connection point, so that the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation is homogeneous over the protective covering area.

The tapering of the component can be realized both by tapering the support element and by tapering the insulation layer or a combination of the two. However, it is particularly advantageous to provide the tapering by the tapering of the support element, since when the components are subsequently mounted to form a protective cladding by applying further material of the support element in the region of the taper, the same material thickness can be achieved as in the rest of the component, so that in turn, the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation from the radio system is completely homogeneous through the protective cladding in different radiation or incidence directions.

An embodiment of the component according to the invention is advantageous in which the insulation layer thickness has a thickness of 30 mm to 120 mm, preferably of 60 mm. Such a thickness achieves sufficient insulation behavior and sufficient stability of the overall component.

Also advantageous is an embodiment of the component according to the invention in which the component is flat or curved in one direction. The flat embodiment of the component can be produced inexpensively, since components of different sizes can be produced on a single predetermined level. A component that is curved is particularly suitable if the entire protective covering is curved as a whole.

The component according to the invention advantageously has blunt ends. The blunt ends can be glued together very easily using insulation material such as polyurethane foam.

The insulation layer material preferably has a density in the range from 40 kg / m ³ to 160 kg / m ³ , in particular a density in the range around 80 kg / m ³ , both for the insulation properties and for the weight of the component, taking into account the stability requirements is optimal.

A further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that the component has slots on one side, the side preferably being the side opposite the support element. The slots can extend into the insulation layer and can also form slots in the support element. The slitting of the component on one side means that the component can be curved by the action of an external force, so that it can also be used with a component that was flat before the slitting to produce curved protective coverings. The slots advantageously have a depth of max. half the thickness of the component, but the depth can also be significantly larger or significantly smaller.

It is particularly advantageous here if at least two slots or at least two groups of essentially parallel slots are provided which have different directions. For example, a fan-shaped arrangement of the slots makes it possible to bend the component to form a conical shell part. The curvature at one end of the component is thus greater than the curvature at another end of the component. This increases the possibility of components for many different forms of possible To create protective coverings. Components with the shape of a cone can also be used advantageously for dome-shaped protective cladding.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in the fact that the support element comprises color particles in powder form. Powder of this type only slightly, if not increases, the mechanical stability of the support element, if at all, but the support element immediately acquires its color. This means that a later coat of paint or other touch-ups that lead to additional costs can be avoided.

A method according to the invention for producing a component according to the invention comprises the production of an insulation layer and a support element connected to it. For the production of the component according to the invention, there are several options for producing and connecting the various components of the component. According to the invention, it is possible, for example, to manufacture the support element and the insulation layer separately from one another and then to connect them to one another, for example by gluing them together.

It is also possible according to the invention to first produce the insulation layer and to produce the support element on the insulation layer, so that the support element immediately connects to the insulation layer and adapts to its shape.

Conversely, however, it is also possible to first produce the support element and then to produce the insulation layer in such a way that it temporarily connects to the support element through temporary adhesive properties of the insulation layer material and possibly adapts to its shape.

It is also possible, for example, to connect a finished or still drying insulation layer with the material for the support element, which may itself be hardening and is therefore still adhesive.

Advantageous embodiments of the method are disclosed in the dependent method claims. The production of the support element or the insulation layer in a component shape is particularly advantageous here. This makes it possible, on the one hand, to produce a smooth surface, for example of the support element. This smooth surface is of great advantage for the protective cladding which is produced with such a component, since ice and snow can slide down on the surface of the component and thus on the surface of the protective cladding and do not remain stressful on the surface.

Furthermore, the use of a component shape is advantageous in order to specify the external shape of the component during manufacture. Subsequent post-treatment, for example by cutting or sawing, in order to achieve the desired external geometry of the component is therefore not necessary.

Such a component shape is particularly advantageous in which the tapering of the component results towards its ends. If, for example, a component tapering towards its ends, a corresponding component shape towards the ends of the component shape would have a deviation from the flat structure, for example in the form of a bead or a slope, so that the component tapered.

In order to achieve the tapering of the component according to the invention, the support element can be produced with a corresponding taper towards the ends. However, post-processing is also possible, so that tapering results from mechanical processing.

Furthermore, a component shape is advantageous in which slots are already formed in the finished component by the component shape. It is also possible in the method according to the invention to produce the slots mechanically by sawing, milling or cutting or the like.

With the components according to the invention described above or the components produced by the method according to the invention, it is now possible to provide protective cladding for radio-technical systems.

A protective cladding is advantageous here, in which the individual components are connected to one another by a connecting means, the connecting preferably being a connecting glue includes. The connecting means which is used for connecting is advantageously the same material from which the insulating layer of the component was produced. A particularly good homogeneity of the protective covering with regard to the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation is achieved by connecting the components with such a connecting means. Because the components themselves consist to a certain extent of insulation material, the connection of the components with the insulation material can lead to the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation, for example in the area in the middle of a component, being the same as at a connection point of two components.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to connect the components on the inside and / or outside of the protective cladding to one another with connecting material. The material that is also the material of the support element of the components is advantageously used here. This is of particular advantage for the homogeneity of the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation by the protective covering. Furthermore, it is possible in this way to create a coherent surface on the outside of the protective covering, which overall consists of the material of the support element or the support elements. Overall, a very smooth surface can be produced on which ice and snow can slide down easily, so that the weight of ice and snow means that the risk of such protective cladding collapsing is almost zero.

If glass fiber reinforced plastic is used as the material for the support element, it is possible, for example, to apply one or more layers of glass fibers in the tapering of the components at the ends and then to apply a corresponding plastic resin in the area of the tapering of the ends of the components. Assuming that the components have been tapered by tapering the support element, it is thus possible to ensure a uniform layer thickness of the material of the support element across the connection point of two components. The layer thickness can be equal to the layer thickness of the support element of the components.

An embodiment in which the components are curved is advantageous. As a result, the ends of the components can butt butt, but overall result in a curved shape of the protective covering. Slits that are arranged on the inside of the curvature can close completely or partially due to the curvature of the component. An embodiment of the protective covering according to the invention in which the entire protective covering consists exclusively of the material of the support element and the insulation layer material is particularly advantageous. With such a protective covering, the absorption behavior with regard to the electromagnetic radiation of the protective covering is overall very homogeneous or very low. Connecting parts made of metal or connecting parts that protrude from the protective cladding would greatly disrupt this homogeneity.

Advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention for producing a protective covering are disclosed in the dependent claims of claim 33.

In the following, embodiments of the component according to the invention for protective cladding for radio-technical systems, the method according to the invention for producing a component for protective cladding for radio-technical systems, a protective cladding according to the invention for radio-technical systems, and the method for producing protective cladding for radio-technical systems are explained with reference to the accompanying figures.

It shows:

1a, 1b, 1 c perspective views of different embodiments of components according to the invention,

2 shows a sectional drawing of the end of a component according to the invention,

3 shows a sectional drawing of the end of a component according to the invention,

4 shows sectional drawings of various manufacturing steps in the manufacture of a component according to the invention,

5 sectional drawings of optional steps in the manufacture of a component according to the invention, 6 shows sections of a component shape and various process steps in the production of a component according to the invention.

7a perspective view of a protective covering according to the invention,

7b sectional drawing of a protective covering according to the invention,

8a perspective view of a protective covering according to the invention,

8b sectional drawing of a protective covering according to the invention,

9 is a perspective view of a protective covering according to the invention,

10 shows a sectional drawing of a connection point of two components according to the invention of a protective covering according to the invention,

11 components of a protective covering according to the prior art,

A component 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1a, which comprises an insulation layer 3 and a support element 2. The layer thickness of the support element 2 will generally be in the range of a few mm and that of the insulation layer 3 in the range of a few cm.

The outer shape of component 1 in FIG. 1a is rectangular when viewed from above. The dimensions along the long sides of the component 1 are typically between a few decimeters and a few meters.

1b shows a component 1 according to the invention, in which tapered portions 7 of the support element 2 are provided at the ends and which has similar slots 14 arranged in parallel on its upper side in the region of the insulation layer 3. Because of the slots 14, the component 1 can be curved. The taper 7 allows the components 1, as further described below, to be connected to one another in a particularly advantageous manner to form a protective covering. Even if the taper 7 in FIG. 1b can only be seen on the right and left side, it can also be provided on the front and / or rear side according to the invention. 1c shows an embodiment of a component 1 according to the invention, which has the outer shape of a curvilinear trapezium when viewed from above. Such shapes are advantageous, for example, in the formation of domes for a radome. Such shapes result, for example, between circles of longitude and latitude on the globe, or on maps of the globe.

The component 7 in FIG. 1c also shows the tapers 7 at the ends of the component 1.

Instead of the rectangular or curvilinear trapezoidal shapes shown in FIGS. 1a to 1c, round, triangular, hexagonal or interlocking shapes of components 1 may also be possible. The outer shape can be chosen freely.

The support element 2 in FIGS. 1a to 1c is made of single or multi-layer glass fiber reinforced plastic and the insulation layer 3 is made of PUR foam. The glass fiber reinforced plastic can be colored with colored particles.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 a to 1 c, the support element 2 is provided only on one side of the insulation layer 3. Furthermore, the support element 2 is provided in the form of a layer which extends over the entire side of the insulation layer 3. However, the support element 2 can also have the shape of one or more ribs or frames which are provided on the insulation layer 3.

Blunt ends are formed along the long sides of the components 1 according to the invention in FIGS. 1a, 1b and 1c.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional drawing of the end of a component 1 according to the invention. The insulation layer 3 is provided with the thickness 6. In the embodiment in FIG. 2, a support element 2 is provided on both sides of the insulation layer 3. The thickness 4 and the thickness 5 of the support elements 2 on the top and bottom of the insulation layer 3 are generally different, but can also be the same. As a rule, the thickness 4 and 5 is significantly smaller than the thickness 6 of the insulation layer 3. In the embodiment of the component 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 2, a taper 7 of the component 1 is provided towards its end. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, this is achieved in that the thickness 4 of the upper support element 2 is reduced to a thickness 8 towards the left. The thickness 8 can also be zero. Such a taper 7 of the layer thickness 5 to a layer thickness 9, which can also be zero, can also be present on the underside. The reduction in the thicknesses 4 and 5 to the thicknesses 8 and 9 does not have to be linear, as shown in FIG. 2, but can also be provided in a stepped or curved manner. In the embodiment in FIG. 2, the layer thickness 6 of the insulation layer 3 between the tapers 7 remains unchanged.

3 shows a further embodiment of a component 1 according to the invention, in which tapering of the component 1 at the left end of the component 1 is also provided on the top and bottom. Here, the layer thickness 6 of the insulation layer 3 is reduced to a layer thickness 10 towards the left end of the component 1, which results in the tapering of the component 1 towards its end. The layer thicknesses 4 and 5 of the support elements 2 can also change to the layer thicknesses 11 and 12 towards the left end. This allows a greater or lesser tapering of the component 1 towards the left end, in comparison to the sole tapering of the component 1 by tapering the layer thickness 6 to the layer thickness 10 of the insulation layer 3. Here, too, the reduction in the layer thickness must be 4.5 , 6 on the respective layer thickness 11, 12, 10 are not linear, but can also be stepped or curvilinear.

The provision of support elements 2 on both sides of the insulation layer 3 in FIGS. 2 and 3 is optional. According to the invention, it is also possible to provide the support element 2 on only one side.

4 shows various steps of an embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a component 1 for a radio-technical system.

4a shows a plane 13 on which the component 1 is produced. The plane 13 is here the component shape 13. At the right and left end of the plane 13, upwardly extending walls can also be provided, which can limit the component 1 laterally. FIG. 4 b shows how a layer of a material for the support element 2 is applied on the plane 13. For this purpose, for example, a thin layer of a plastic resin provided with colored powder is applied to the level 13. Then glass fibers are placed in the form of mats or braid and soaked with the plastic resin. Multi-layer composite materials can also be produced by applying several layers of glass fiber material. The application of synthetic resin and glass fiber material can take place alternately, it being possible to start with both glass fiber and plastic material.

One or more layers of the plastic material used to produce the support element 2 can be provided with color particles.

As shown in FIG. 4c, an insulation layer 3 is connected to the support element 2. This insulation layer 3 can be produced, for example, by applying a polyurethane foam material to the support element 2 and curing it there. Before curing, the polyurethane foam is usually very sticky, so that there is a good connection with the support element 2 after curing. A rough upper side of the support element 2 is advantageous for a good connection to the insulation layer 3, since the two materials get caught in one another in this way.

However, it is also possible according to the invention to produce the insulation layer 3 separately and then to apply it to the support element 2 with a connecting step. This can also include gluing, for example.

4d shows an optional step in the production of a component 1 according to the invention. One or more slots 14 are provided in the materials applied on level 13 on the upper side of component 1. These slots 14 can be cut, cut, sawn etc., e.g. H. generally by machining, especially mechanical. The component 1 does not necessarily have to lie on the form 13.

The depth of the slots 14 can extend close to the plane 13, but is advantageously not deeper than half the thickness of the component 1. Because the slots 14 are not worked too deeply into the insulation layer 3, the stability of the component 1 is retained to a high degree.

FIG. 5a shows a manufacturing step that can follow the step shown in FIG. 4c. As shown in Fig. 5a, a further support element 2 is applied to the top of the insulation layer 3. This further support element 2 can be produced on the insulation layer 3 in a similar manner to the support element 2 in FIG. 4b on the level 13, as described above.

It is also possible to separately produce the support element 2 shown on top of the insulation layer 3 in FIG. 5a and then to connect it to the insulation layer 3 with a connecting step. The connection can be, for example, gluing with polyurethane foam or other suitable adhesives. It is also possible to apply the separately produced, additional support element 2 lying on top before the material of the insulation layer 3 has hardened, and thus also to take advantage of the adhesive properties of the insulation material 3 before it has hardened.

The process step shown in FIG. 5b can follow the step shown in FIG. 4d and the step shown in FIG. 5a. Starting from the state in FIG. 4d, a further layer of the material of the support element 2 is applied on the upper side of the insulation layer 3 in the areas in which no slot 14 is provided, so as to form a plurality of support elements 2 between the slots 14.

Starting from Fig. 5a is again by mechanical processing, ie. H. Milling, cutting, sawing, etc. one or more slots 14 are made on the top of the component 1. Here too, the depth of the slots 14 is advantageously max. half the thickness of component 1.

The width and number of slots in FIGS. 4d and 5b can be adapted as required. The width is shown in Fig. 4d and 5b exaggerated for clarity.

Another possible embodiment of the method according to the invention is explained with reference to FIG. 6. 6a shows a shape 13 in which the upper side is curved is. The curvature can be from semicircular to almost flat. According to FIGS. 4b, 4c and 5a, a component 1 according to the invention is produced in the process steps shown in FIGS. 6b, 6c and 6d. The step shown in FIG. 6d, ie the application of a further support element 2, is optional. The configuration of the component shape 13 ', as shown in FIG. 6, results in a curved component 1. The ends of the component 1 can be configured, for example, by borders of the component shape 13' at their upper ends so that they are perpendicular to the Complete the course of the surfaces of component 1. A slit 14, which makes it possible to bend the components 1, is not absolutely necessary in the curved components 1, but can also be provided according to the invention.

The components 1 shown in FIGS. 4c, 4d, 5a, 5b, 6c and 6d can be processed at their ends in a further method step. Tapered portions 7 can be attached, for example, by mechanical processing of the ends. It is also possible to change the angle which the end surface forms with the side faces of the component 1. In the embodiments as shown in FIGS. 4c, 4d, 5a, 5b, 6c and 6d, the angle is 90 °, but other angles are also possible.

7a and 7b show a perspective and a sectional drawing of a protective covering 17 according to the invention. The protective cladding 17 in FIG. 7 a is cylindrical and is composed of two rows of 6 components 1 each. The radio system to be protected is arranged inside the cylinder, but is not shown here. The upper and lower ends are closed by appropriate documents or covers. The base or the cover does not have to meet any special requirements with regard to the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation and can therefore be arbitrary. The components 1 are each connected to one another along straight connecting lines. However, the connecting lines do not necessarily have to be straight, but can also be curvilinear. The components 1 shown in FIGS. 1b, 4d, 5b, 6c and 6d can be used, for example, to produce a protective covering 17, as shown in FIG. 7a. 7b shows the possibility in which a slotted component 1 is used, for example as shown in FIG. 1b, 4d or 5b. The slotted components 1 are curved for assembly, the curvature being made possible by the slots 14 on one side of the components 1. As can be seen in FIG. 7b, the slots 14 of the components 1 close at least partially or even completely to closed slots 14 'when they are curved. In this way it is possible to produce a cylindrical protective covering 17. If the support elements 2 collide between the slots 14 of a component 1, for example from FIG. 5b, when the slots 14 close, a type of stop for the curvature results. That means a further curvature is not possible. This results in particularly good stability of component 1 in this state.

Another embodiment of a protective covering 18 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b. In the case of the components 1 shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b, the angle between the end surface and the lateral surface of the components 1 is not 90 °, but the end surface is slightly beveled in comparison.

As shown in Fig. 8a, the protective covering 18 is composed of three rows of 6 components 1 each.

However, the number of components 1 in a row of the protective cladding 17 and 18 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is not limited to six. Much more components 1 are also possible in each row, for example several 10 to several 100. However, in principle a single component 1 for the protective covering 17, which forms a cylinder in a curved manner, is also possible according to the invention.

9 shows a further embodiment of a protective covering 19 according to the invention. The protective covering 19 here has the overall shape of a dome 19, as is used, for example, in a radon. The radio system, e.g. a radar can be arranged. The dome 19 will be placed on a suitable surface.

As can be seen in FIG. 9, the components 1 do not have a rectangular shape, but are essentially trapezoidal. 3 rows of components 1 are provided here, the lower two rows having the same number of components 1. However, the rows can also have different numbers of components 1. The third and top row has, for example, a smaller number of components 1 than the two lower rows. The top row of components 1 can taper at its upper end, so that they Viewed from the outside, they have the shape of a curvilinear triangle, but the upper end of the dome 19 can also be formed by a type of closing component, as shown in FIG. 9.

A protective covering 19 in the form of a dome, as shown in FIG. 9, can also be created by assembling flat components 1 without slots 14. The result is a polygon surface similar to that in FIG. 8, but closed at the top. A large number of components 1 is advantageous here because the angles at which the components meet are approximately 180 °.

In the protective cladding according to the invention, of which three embodiments 17, 18, 19 are shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, it is advantageous to provide the support element 2 of the components 1 on the outside of the protective cladding. By producing the support element 2 in a component shape 13, 13 ', the outside can be very smooth, which results in a very smooth outer surface of the protective covering. As a result, ice and snow can slide down well on the cladding and the weight that the protective cladding 17, 18, 19 must hold is not very great.

The way in which it is possible according to the invention to join the various components 1 to form the protective linings 17, 18 or 19 is shown in FIG. 10. In a sectional view, two components 1 are shown on the right and left. The components 1 comprise the insulation layer 3 and, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, each have an upper and an optional lower support element 2. The two workpieces 1 are each provided with a taper 7 at the ends that point towards one another. The taper 7 is realized here by the taper 7 of the support element 2, but can also, as shown above, be achieved additionally or exclusively by tapering 7 of the insulation layer 3.

The components 1 are shown slightly spaced apart. A connecting means 16 is located between the components 1. However, the components 1 can also collide completely, so that the connecting means 16 is only present in the resulting cavities between the two components 1. The connecting means 16 may e.g. B. be the same material from which the insulation layer 3 was produced. The PUR foam, which is available for on-site installation in pressure sockets, is particularly suitable. The extension of the connecting means 16 upwards or downwards is preferably equal to the layer thickness of the insulation layer 3, but can also include the thickness of the insulation layer 3 plus the thickness of the support element (s) 2 at the ends. Other expansions are also possible according to the invention.

In the event that the material of the connecting means 16 is the same as that of the insulation layer 3, and also in the event that the expansion of the connecting means 16 along the thickness of the components 1 is equal to the thickness of the insulation layer 3, this results in a continuous area, which is made of one and the same material with one and the same layer thickness and thus a completely homogeneous absorption with respect to the electromagnetic radiation of the radio technical system. However, according to the invention, connecting means 16 other than the material of the insulation layer 3 and other dimensions along the thickness of the component 1 of the connecting means 16 can also be selected. According to the invention, the connecting means 16 can also be omitted, since the components can also be connected to one another on their outside / inside.

The taper 7 results in an area 15 at the upper and lower part of the connection point which, as long as it is not filled, is an empty space 15.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, this empty space 15 can now be filled with connecting material in order to establish the connection between the components 1.

The empty space 15 is preferably filled with the material from which the support element 2 of the components 1 was produced. This has the advantage that the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation in the area of the connection is the same as in the area of the components 1.

If the empty space 15 is filled with a connecting material that has, for example, a lower / higher absorption than the material of the support element 2, the thickness of the material in the region 15 can be larger / smaller than the layer thickness of the support element 2 of the components 1. By connecting the components 1 to the connecting means 16 and / or by filling the spaces 15 above or below the components 1 with connecting material, a stable connection to the components 1 can be achieved, it being possible to use only materials that also was used to manufacture the components 1 itself. This is particularly advantageous for the dielectric properties of the protective cladding 17, 18, 19, since this results in only a slight interference or absorption of the electromagnetic radiation from the radio system.

Embodiments of the method according to the invention for producing the protective cladding 18, 19, 20 for radio-technical systems are explained below using the figures.

For the production of a protective covering 17, 18, 19 for a radio-technical system, as shown in FIG. 7a, curved components 1, as shown in FIGS. 6c and 6d, can be used. It is also possible to use slotted components 1, as shown in FIGS. 1b, 1c, 4d and 5b. The slotted components 1 are curved by the action of an external force, in one direction so that the slots 14 lie on the inside of the curve and thus at least partially close. The components 1 are assembled using a connection technique, which is described below. It is advantageous here to assemble the protective cladding 17, 18, 19 from several individual components 1. As a result, the weight of the components 1 can be kept in a range which enables the components 1 to be operated solely with human power, i.e. H. in particular without cranes. Protective cladding can be constructed with several meters or tens of meters.

Flat components 1, as shown in FIGS. 4c and 5a, can be used for a protective covering 18 for a radio-technical system, as is shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b. Here, the ends of the components 1 will be provided at an angle.

For protective cladding 19 in the form of a dome, as shown in FIG. 9, components 1 of the type from FIG. 1 c can advantageously be used, since a curvature in different directions at different locations of the component 1 is possible. The other components 1 from FIGS. 1a, 1b, 4c, 4d, 5a, 5b, 6c, 6d can also be used. The components 1 of a protective covering 17, 18, 19 are assembled to form a protective covering 17, 18, 19 using the connection technology described below.

The components 1 are supported and held in their predetermined place by appropriate devices or by hand. A connecting means 16, e.g. PUR foam is injected into the space between the blunt ends of components 1. There it glues to the ends of the components 1 and connects them firmly after curing.

It is also possible according to the invention to first provide a surface which abuts a component 1 to be assembled with the connecting means 16, then to insert the component 1 to be assembled and to let the connecting means 16 dry or harden. The components 1 can directly meet one another or can be assembled somewhat spaced apart. However, the connecting means 16 is optional, since the components 1 are also connected to one another with the step described below.

The connecting material from which the support element 2 of the components 1 was produced is applied to the outside of the protective cladding 17, 18, 19. If tapers 7 are provided at the ends of the components 1, the application takes place in the space 15 created by the tapers 7. If the support element 2 of the components 1 is made of GRP, the connecting material will advantageously also be GRP. The GRP is applied by applying hardening plastic resin and glass fibers in the form of mats or fabrics. The plastic resin is advantageously colored with color particles, so that after connecting the components 1 there is a uniform outer color or color design of the protective cladding 17, 18, 19. The GRP material adheres firmly to the components 1 on the outside and / or inside, hardens and thus connects the components 1 to one another. Ideally, there is a smooth, coherent layer on the outside of the material from which the support elements 2 of the components 1 were made.

The components 1 can also be connected on the inside of the protective cladding 17, 18, 19. This is particularly useful if support elements 2 of components 1 are also provided on the inside. If the components 1 are connected to one another by a connecting means 16, the connection to the connecting material in the empty spaces 15 need not necessarily take place. It would then be advantageous, however, to seal the joints between the support elements 2 of the various components 1, at least on the outside of the protective cladding 17, 18, 19. The sealing can be done with suitable sealing materials or with a material from which the support elements 2 of the components 1, thus, for example, GRP or only, for example, polyester resin.

The components 1 according to the invention and the connection technology according to the invention make it possible to create a protective covering 17, 18, 19 according to the invention, the absorption of which in the area of the connection points is practically identical to the absorption of the components 1 in an area outside the connection points. Furthermore, the finished protective covering 17, 18, 19 can have a smooth surface on which ice and snow slide well. Due to the good insulation properties, special heating, cooling or air conditioning systems for the interior of the protective cladding 17, 18, 19, in which the radio-technical system is located, are not necessary or only with very low outputs.

Claims

claims

1. Component (1) for a protective covering (17, 18, 19) for radio-technical systems, which comprises an insulation layer (3), characterized in that a support element (2) is at least partially provided on at least one side of the insulation layer (3) ,

2. Component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the support element (2) is made of a composite material and preferably glass fiber reinforced plastic and / or the insulation layer (3) is a rigid foam layer (3).

3. Component (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support element (2) is provided in direct contact with the insulation layer (3).

4. Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the support element (2) in the form of a layer is preferably provided on the entire surface of at least one side of the insulation layer (3).

5. Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that support elements (2) are provided on two opposite sides of the insulation layer (3).

6. Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at the ends of the component (1) tapers (7) of the component (1) and / or the support element (2) and / or the insulation layer (3 ) are provided.

7. Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the insulation layer (3) has a thickness of 30 to 120 mm, preferably of 60 mm.

8. Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the component (1) is flat or curved in one direction.

9. Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the component (1) has blunt ends.

10. Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the insulation layer material has a density in the range from 40 kg / m ³ to 160 kg / m ^3, preferably in the range from 80 kg / m ³ .

11. Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the component (1) has slots (14) on one side, the side preferably being the side opposite the support element (2) and the slots ( 14) preferably extend in the direction of the thickness of the layer to a maximum of half the thickness of the component (1).

12. The component (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the component (1) has at least two slots (14) in different directions.

13. Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the support element (2) comprises color particles in powder form.

14. A method for producing a component (1) for a protective covering (17, 18, 19) for radio-technical systems, in which an insulation layer (3) and on at least one side of the insulation layer (3) an associated support element (2) are produced ,

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the support element (2) comprises a composite material, preferably a glass fiber reinforced plastic (2), and / or the insulation layer (3) is a rigid foam layer.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the insulation layer (3) and the support element (2) are connected to one another during or after the production of the support element (2) and / or the insulation layer (3).

17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the support element (2) in the form of a layer and / or the insulation layer (3) in or on a component shape (13, 13 ') is produced.

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the support element (2) is produced in the form of a layer on the insulation layer (3).

19. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that after production of the support element (2) and the insulation layer (3) at least one end of the component (1) is tapered on at least one side.

20. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that a component shape (13, 13 ') is used to produce the component (1), which results in a taper (7) of the ends of the component (1).

21. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 20, characterized in that the support element (2) is made tapering at least to one end of the component (1).

22. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 21, characterized in that the insulation layer (3) is tapered on at least one side towards at least one end of the component (1).

23. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 22, characterized in that a component (1) with blunt ends is produced by the component shape (13, 13 ') and / or by cutting off edges of the component (1).

24. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 23, characterized in that, given by the component shape (13, 13 ') or by slits (14) in the insulation layer (3) and / or the support element (2), a component (1 ) is produced, which has on one side slots (14) which preferably extend in the direction of the thickness of the layer up to a maximum of half the thickness of the component (1).

25. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 24, characterized in that the component (1) is produced on a flat and / or curved surface (13, 13 ').

26. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 25, characterized in that the support element (2) is colored in its manufacture with color particles in powder form.

27. Protective cover (17, 18, 19) for radio-technical systems, the components (1) acc. one of claims 1 to 13 or components (1), which were produced according to a method according to any one of claims 14 to 26.

28. Protective covering (17, 18, 19) according to claim 27, characterized in that the components (1) are connected, preferably glued, to a connecting means (16), the connecting means (16) preferably being the same material with which the Insulation layer (3) of the components (1) was produced.

29. Protective covering (17, 18, 19) according to one of claims 27 or 28, characterized in that the components (1) inside and / or outside with a connecting material, preferably the material of the support element (2) of the components (1), are connected.

30. Protective covering (17, 18, 19) according to one of claims 27 to 29, characterized in that at least some of the components (1) have tapers (7) at their ends, the space region (15) which is formed by the tapers ( 7) arises, is filled with the material of the support element (2) and the material connects adjacent components (1).

31. Protective covering (17, 18, 19) according to one of claims 27 to 30, characterized in that the components (1) are curved, with slots (14) being located on the inside of the curvature.

32. Protective cover (17, 18, 19) according to one of claims 27 to 31, characterized in that the protective cover (17, 18, 19) consists exclusively of the material of the support element (2) and insulation layer material.

33. A method for producing a protective covering (17, 18, 19) for radio-technical systems in which the components (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13 and / or components (1) which are produced using one of the methods of claims 14 to 26 , to form a protective cover (17,18,19).

34. The method according to claim 33, characterized in that the assembly of the components (1) comprises gluing the components (1) at their ends with connecting means (16).

35. The method according to any one of claims 33 or 34, characterized in that the assembly of the components (1), the connection of the components (1) on their inside and / or outside of the protective covering (17, 18, 19) with a connecting material The connecting material is preferably the material of the support element (2) of the components (1).

36. The method according to any one of claims 33 to 35, characterized in that components (1) with tapered portions (7) are used at the ends of the components (1) and connecting material is applied in the spatial region (15) which is produced by the tapered portion ( 7) the components (1) are formed and adjacent components (1) are connected to one another.

37. The method according to any one of claims 32 to 36, characterized in that slotted components (1) are used which are curved.