EP1303003A1 - Protective covering for radio systems, components thereof, and methods of fabrication - Google Patents

Abstract

The protective cladding (3) is formed from a hard foam material and is in contact with a support layer (2). The support layer is produced of a glass fibre reinforced plastic. The insulation layer has a series of V grooves on the surface. The corners of the support layer are tapered.

Description

The invention relates to protective cladding for radio systems, production methods such protective coverings, components for such protective coverings, the Components include an insulation layer, and methods of manufacture for such Components.

Protective coverings for radio systems serve the radio or transmitter systems to protect on transmission towers or radar systems from environmental and weather influences. In radar systems, such protective coverings often have the shape of a dome and become referred to as radome.

Such protective coverings should generally have a low absorption behavior for have the electromagnetic radiation from the respective radio or radar system. Thereby is the weakening of the signal intensity of the electromagnetic radiation by the Protective covering only slight.

It is known to produce protective coverings of this type from a rigid polyurethane (PUR) foam. Such a known protective covering is shown in FIG. 11. The radio technology system is arranged inside the cylinder shown in FIG. 11. The individual components 21, 22 of the protective covering 20 are produced as curved components 21, 22 in hollow molds and are arranged next to one another during assembly on site via a step fold. The resulting joints 24 are foamed with the help of formwork 23 with hardening foam so as to connect the components 21, 22 together. Since the components 21, 22 are self-supporting, they must have a certain stability, so that the material from which they are made typically has a density of 200 kg / m ³ to 250 kg / m ³ .

A disadvantage of such protective coverings is that they are subject to strong temperature fluctuations tend to crack and form easily on the surface of the protective covering Ice and snow accumulate. The weight of the ice and snow can cause some collapse represent for the cladding.

Furthermore, due to the great weight of the components, aids are required during assembly, such as B. a crane, necessary, which greatly increases the cost of assembly. The Arrangement of formwork is very time-consuming and costly.

The object of the present invention is therefore a component and a protective covering as well as to create the respective manufacturing processes with which a simple Assembly of the components to a protective cover is possible.

The object is achieved by a component according to claim 1, a manufacturing method for a component according to claim 14, a protective covering according to claim 27, and one A method for producing a protective cover according to claim 33 solved.

The component according to the invention has a support element on one side of the hard foam layer is provided. The support element takes on an essential one Part of the load-bearing or self-supporting task of the component, so that the insulation layer in Regarding criteria other than the main function, can be optimized. For example, it is possible to optimize the insulation layer with regard to the insulation property. This makes it possible to improve the insulation properties so that within the protective cladding largely dispenses with air conditioning, heating or cooling can be. It is also possible to use a low density insulation layer To be provided so that the overall weight of the components are kept as low as possible can. The low weight is of great advantage for assembly, since it is on cranes can be dispensed with.

The insulation layer can be made of a hard foam, for example. An example this is polyurethane (PUR) foam. However, any other insulation material is also conceivable. For stability there is at least a minimum degree of deformation stiffness of the material the insulation layer is an advantage. An example of such a material is styrofoam.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention is given in that the support element is made of a composite material and preferably a glass fiber reinforced Plastic (GRP). Composites are materials that are made up of two different ones Assemble materials, whereby a material is usually fibrous. Glass or carbon fibers are known, for example. The second substance is usually a hardened plastic, such as polyester obtained from polyester resin or the like.

Composites can be made in any shape and are also thin Material thicknesses are resistant to bending and warping as well as unbreakable.

The advantage of such composite materials for protective cladding for radio systems is that the material thickness can be kept thin so that the absorption is relative is low and still has an overall sufficient stability of the protective covering is present.

Another special embodiment is that the support element is in direct Contact with the insulation layer. While between the support element and the insulation layer various other materials can be provided, such as. B. Adhesive layers or layers that increase the permeability of certain liquids or gases influence, it is advantageous if the support element in direct contact with the insulation layer is provided.

If, for example, the insulation layer is made of polyurethane foam, the not yet cured foam has good adhesive properties, so that the insulation layer can be made in a very stable contact with the support element. Thereby a subsequent detachment of the insulation layer from the support element is very unlikely. The same applies if the support element during its manufacture or processing at least temporarily has strongly adhesive properties, so that the support element also unites has a good connection with the insulation layer.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the component according to the invention results in that the support element in the form of a layer preferably on the entire surface at least one side of the insulation layer is provided. For the function of the radio equipment, it is of great importance that the protective cover the electromagnetic Waves as homogeneous as possible in all spatial directions, if at all, only weakly absorbed. The fact that the support element over the entire surface of the insulation layer is provided, there is thus a homogeneous absorption of the in / out of the Protective cover for incoming / outgoing electromagnetic radiation. Furthermore, it is for the Stability of the component is an advantage if the support element extends over the entire surface extends on one side of the insulation layer.

Furthermore, it is advantageous for stability if two support elements on two opposite Sides of the insulation layer are provided.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the component according to the invention results in that the component and / or the support element and / or the insulation layer closes tapered towards the ends of the component. Due to the taper, it is possible for the components to be so to connect with each other that after connecting two neighboring components the bead does not form a bead or the like. The space created by the rejuvenation can be used to connect the components. In order to is it possible to have a smooth, i.e. to preserve bead-free surface on the ice and snow can slide well on the surface so that the protective cladding is not strained. It is also possible to have the thickness of the protective covering in the area of the connection points equal to that in the area of the components away from the connection point, so that the Absorption of the electromagnetic radiation homogeneously over the protective cladding area is.

The tapering of the component can be done both by tapering the support element also by tapering the insulation layer or a combination of the two will be realized. However, the tapering through the tapering is particularly advantageous of the support element to be provided, since, when the components are subsequently installed, they become one Protective cladding by applying additional material of the support element in the area the taper the same material thickness as can be achieved in the rest of the component can, so that in turn the absorption of electromagnetic radiation from the radio System through the protective cladding in different radiation or incidence directions is completely homogeneous.

An embodiment of the component according to the invention in which the insulation layer thickness is advantageous is advantageous has a thickness of 30 mm to 120 mm, preferably of 60 mm.

Such a thickness ensures adequate insulation behavior, as well as sufficient Stability of the overall component achieved.

An embodiment of the component according to the invention in which the component is flat or curved in one direction. The flat embodiment of the Component can be produced inexpensively, because on a single predetermined level Components of different sizes can be manufactured. A component that is curved is Particularly suitable if the entire protective covering is curved overall.

The component according to the invention advantageously has blunt ends. The blunt ends can be very easily through insulation material, such as polyurethane foam glue together.

The insulation layer material preferably has a density in the range from 40 kg / m ³ to 160 kg / m ³ , in particular a density in the range around 80 kg / m ³ , both for the insulation properties and for the weight of the component, taking into account the stability requirements is optimal.

Another particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is that Component has slots on one side, the side preferably that of the support element opposite side is. The slots can be in the insulation layer extend in and also form slots in the support member. The slit of the component on one side leads to the component being curved due to the action of an external force can be, so that even with a component that was even before the slitting Manufacture of curved protective panels can be used. The slots advantageously have a depth of max. half the thickness of the component, however, can the depth can also be significantly larger or significantly smaller.

It is particularly advantageous here if at least two slots or at least two Groups of substantially parallel slots are provided that are different Have directions. By, for example, a fan-shaped arrangement of the slots it is possible to bend the component into a conical jacket part. The curvature on one The end of the component is therefore larger than the curvature at another end of the component. This increases the possibility of components for many different forms of possible To create protective coverings. Components with a conical shape are also for dome-shaped ones Protective covers can be used advantageously.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the support element Color particles in powder form. Such powder is the mechanical Stability of the support element, if any, is only slightly impaired if not even increased, but the support element immediately gets its color. So that can a later coat of paint or other touch-ups that result in additional costs, be avoided.

A method according to the invention for producing a component according to the invention comprises the production of an insulation layer and an associated support element. There are several options for producing the component according to the invention to manufacture and connect different components of the component. It For example, the support element and the insulation layer are possible according to the invention to manufacture separately from one another and then to connect them together, for example to stick together.

It is also possible according to the invention to first produce the insulation layer and on top of it Insulation layer to produce the support element, so that the support element is the same connects the insulation layer and adapts to its shape.

Conversely, however, it is also possible to produce the support element first and then to manufacture the insulation layer so that it is characterized by temporary adhesive properties of the insulation layer material immediately connects to the support element and itself may adapt to its shape.

It is also possible, for example, to have a finished or still drying insulation layer the material for the support element, which may still be hardening itself and thus is still sticky to connect with each other.

Advantageous embodiments of the method are in the dependent method claims disclosed.

The production of the support element or the insulation layer is particularly advantageous here in a component form. This makes it possible on the one hand a smooth surface, for example of the support element. This smooth surface is for the protective cover, which is produced with such a component is of great advantage, since it creates ice and snow on the surface of the component and thus on the surface of the protective covering can slide down and do not remain stressful on the surface.

Furthermore, the use of a component shape is advantageous in order to equal the outer shape of the To specify component during manufacture. A later post-treatment, for example by cutting or sawing to achieve a desired external geometry of the component, is therefore not necessary.

Such a component shape is particularly advantageous in which the tapering of the component towards its ends. If, for example, a tapered towards its ends Component manufactured, would have a corresponding component shape to the ends of the Component shape a deviation from the flat structure, for example in the form of a Bead or a slope, so that the tapering of the component results.

In order to achieve the tapering of the component according to the invention, the support element be produced with a corresponding taper towards the ends. It is however, post-processing is also possible, so that a taper is created by a mechanical Processing results.

Furthermore, a component shape is advantageous in which slots are already formed by the component shape the finished component are molded. It is also the inventive Process possible, the slots mechanically by sawing, milling or Cutting or making the like.

With the components according to the invention described above or according to the invention Processed components, it is now possible to use protective covers for to create radio systems.

A protective cladding is advantageous here, in which the individual components with a connecting means are connected to one another, the connection preferably being an adhesive bond includes. The connecting means used for connecting is advantageous the same material from which the insulation layer of the component was made. By connecting the components with such a connecting means one becomes special good homogeneity of the protective covering in relation to the absorption of the electromagnetic Radiation reached. Because the components themselves to a certain extent Insulation material exist, the connection of the components with the insulation material cause the absorption of electromagnetic radiation, for example in Area in the middle of a component that is the same as at a junction of two Components.

It is also advantageous to place the components on the inside and / or outside of the protective cladding to connect with connection material. This is advantageous used the material that is also the material of the support element of the components. This is for the homogeneity of the absorption of electromagnetic radiation by the protective cover of particular advantage. It is also possible to use the outside of the protective cover to create a coherent surface that is entirely made of the material of the support element or the support elements. Overall, it can be a very produce a smooth surface on which ice and snow can slide down easily, so that due to the weight of ice and snow, the risk of such protective cladding collapsing is almost zero.

If glass fiber reinforced plastic is used as the material for the support element, it is For example, one or more is possible in the tapering of the components at their ends Apply layers of glass fibers and then an appropriate plastic resin in the area of the tapering of the ends of the components. Provided, that a tapering of the components is realized by a tapering of the support element was, it becomes possible to have a uniform layer thickness of the material of the support element to ensure across the junction of two components. The Layer thickness can be equal to the layer thickness of the support element of the components.

An embodiment in which the components are curved is advantageous. This allows the ends of the components butt butt, but overall a curved Form of the protective covering. Slots arranged on the inside of the curvature are, can partially or completely close due to the curvature of the component.

An embodiment of the protective covering according to the invention is particularly advantageous here, in which the entire protective covering is made exclusively from the material of the support element and the insulation layer material. With such protective cladding is the absorption behavior with regard to electromagnetic radiation Protective covering overall very homogeneous or very low. Metal connectors or connecting parts that protrude from the protective cover would this homogeneity strongly disturb.

Advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention for producing a Protective coverings are disclosed in the dependent claims of claim 33.

In the following, embodiments of the component according to the invention for a Protective cladding for radio-technical systems, the method of manufacture according to the invention of a component for a protective covering of radio-technical systems, an inventive Protective cladding for radio systems, as well as the manufacturing process a protective covering for radio systems based on the attached figures explained.

Fig. 1a, 1b, 1c perspektivische Ansichten verschiedener Ausführungsformen erfindungsgemäßer Bauteile,

Fig. 2 eine Schnittzeichnung des Endes eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils,

Fig. 3 eine Schnittzeichnung des Endes eines erfingungsgemäßen Bauteils,

Fig. 4 Schnittzeichnungen von verschiedenen Herstellungsschritten bei der Herstellung eines erfingungsgemäßen Bauteils,

Fig. 5 Schnittzeichnungen von optionalen Schritten bei der Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils,

Fig. 6 Schnitte einer Bauteilform und verschiedene Prozessschritte bei der Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils.

Fig. 7a perspektivische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schutzverkleidung,

Fig. 7b Schnittzeichnung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schutzverkleidung,

Fig. 8a perspektivische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schutzverkleidung,

Fig. 8b Schnittzeichnung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schutzverkleidung,

Fig. 9 perspektivische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schutzverkleidung,

Fig. 10 eine Schnittzeichnung einer Verbindungsstelle von zwei erfindungsgemäßen Bauteilen einer erfindungsgemäßen Schutzverkleidung,

Fig. 11 Bauteile einer Schutzverkleidung gemäß dem Stand der Technik,

It shows:

1a, 1b, 1c perspective views of different embodiments of components according to the invention,

2 shows a sectional drawing of the end of a component according to the invention,

3 shows a sectional drawing of the end of a component according to the invention,

4 sectional drawings of various manufacturing steps in the manufacture of a component according to the invention,

5 sectional drawings of optional steps in the manufacture of a component according to the invention,

6 shows sections of a component shape and various process steps in the production of a component according to the invention.

7a perspective view of a protective covering according to the invention,

7b sectional drawing of a protective covering according to the invention,

8a perspective view of a protective covering according to the invention,

8b sectional drawing of a protective covering according to the invention,

9 is a perspective view of a protective covering according to the invention,

10 shows a sectional drawing of a connection point of two components according to the invention of a protective covering according to the invention,

11 components of a protective covering according to the prior art,

1a shows a component 1 according to the invention, which has an insulation layer 3 and a Includes support element 2. The layer thickness of the support element 2 is usually in the range of a few mm and that of the insulation layer 3 in the range of a few cm.

The outer shape of component 1 in FIG. 1a is rectangular when viewed from above. The dimensions along the long sides of the component 1 are typically between a few decimeters and a few meters.

In Fig. 1b, a component 1 according to the invention is shown, in which tapers at the ends 7 of the support element 2 are provided and the one arranged in parallel on its upper side, has similar slots 14 in the region of the insulation layer 3. Because of the The component 1 can be curved into slots 14. Through the taper 7, the Components 1, as described below, are particularly advantageously combined with one another Protective cover can be connected. Even if the taper 7 in Fig. 1b only on the right and left side can be seen, it can also on the front and / or back be provided according to the invention.

1c shows an embodiment of a component 1 according to the invention, which at Top view has the outer shape of a curvilinear trapezoid. Such forms are, for example advantageous in the formation of domes for a radome. Such forms result for example between longitudes and latitudes on the globe, or on Maps of the globe.

The component 7 in FIG. 1c also has the tapered portions 7 at the ends of the component 1 shown.

Instead of the rectangular or curvilinear trapezoidal shapes shown in FIGS. 1a to 1c can also be round, triangular, hexagonal or interlocking shapes of components 1 may be possible. The outer shape can be chosen freely.

The support element 2 in Fig. 1a to 1c is made of single or multi-layer glass fiber reinforced Made of plastic and the insulation layer 3 made of PUR foam. The glass fiber reinforced Plastic can be colored with colored particles.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 a to 1 c, the support element 2 is only on one side of the insulation layer 3 is provided. Furthermore, the support element 2 is in the form of a Layer provided that extends over the entire side of the insulation layer 3. However, the support element 2 can also take the form of one or more ribs or frames have, which are provided on the insulation layer 3.

Along the long sides of the components 1 according to the invention of FIGS. 1a, 1b and 1c blunt ends formed.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional drawing of the end of a component 1 according to the invention. The insulation layer 3 is provided with the thickness 6. In the embodiment in Fig. 2 is A support element 2 is provided on both sides of the insulation layer 3. The thickness 4 and the thickness 5 of the support elements 2 on the top and bottom of the insulation layer 3 generally different, but can also be the same. As a rule, the thickness is 4 and 5 significantly smaller than the thickness 6 of the insulation layer 3.

In the embodiment of the component 1 according to the invention shown in FIG Taper 7 of the component 1 is provided towards its end. This is in the embodiment which is shown in Fig. 2 achieved in that the thickness 4 of the upper Support element 2 reduced to a thickness 8 to the left. The thickness 8 can also be zero. Such a taper 7 of the layer thickness 5 can also be on the underside Layer thickness 9, which can also be zero, is present. The reduction in thickness 4 and 5 to the respective thicknesses 8 and 9 does not have to be linear, as shown in FIG. 2, but instead can also be provided stepped or curved. In the embodiment in 2, the layer thickness 6 of the insulation layer 3 between the tapers 7 remains unchanged.

A further embodiment of a component 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG which also tapers on the top and bottom of component 1 at the left end of the Component 1 are provided. Here, the layer thickness 6 of the insulation layer 3 becomes the left one End of the component 1 reduced to a layer thickness 10, whereby the taper of component 1 to its end. The layer thicknesses 4 and 5 of the support elements 2 can change towards the left end in each case to the layer thicknesses 11 and 12. As a result, the component 1 can be tapered to a greater or lesser extent left end can be reached compared to the only tapering of component 1 by tapering the layer thickness 6 to the layer thickness 10 of the insulation layer 3. Here, too, the reduction in the layer thickness 4,5,6 to the respective layer thickness must 11, 12, 10 are not linear, but can also be stepped or curvilinear.

The provision of support elements 2 on both sides of the insulation layer 3 in FIG. 2 and Fig. 3 is optional. According to the invention, it is also possible to have the support element on only one side 2 to be provided.

In Fig. 4 different steps of an embodiment of the invention Process for producing a component 1 for a radio system shown.

4a shows a plane 13 on which the component 1 is produced. Level 13 is Here, the component shape 13. At the right and left end of the level 13 can also upward-extending walls can be provided, which can laterally limit the component 1.

4b shows how a layer of a material for the support element is on level 13 2 is applied. For this purpose, for example, a thin layer of one with colored powder provided plastic resin applied to level 13. Then be Glass fibers placed in the form of mats or braid and impregnated with the plastic resin. Multiple layers of glass fiber material can also be applied Composites are made. Here, the application of synthetic resin and glass fiber material take place alternately, both with glass fiber and with Plastic material can be started.

One or more layers of the plastic material used to manufacture the support element 2 is used, can be provided with color particles.

As shown in FIG. 4c, an insulation layer 3 is connected to the support element 2. This insulation layer 3 can be produced, for example, by using a polyurethane foam material is applied to the support element 2 and cures there. In front The polyurethane foam is usually very sticky when hardened, so that it is good Connection with the support element 2 results after curing. A rough top of the Support element 2 is advantageous for a good connection to the insulation layer 3 because interlocking both materials.

However, it is also possible according to the invention to produce the insulation layer 3 separately and then applied to the support element 2 with a connecting step. This can for example also include gluing.

4d shows an optional step in the production of a component 1 according to the invention shown. In the materials applied on level 13 is on the top of the Component 1 provided one or more slots 14. These slots 14 can through Cutting, milling, sawing etc., d. H. generally through machining, especially mechanical, getting produced. The component 1 does not necessarily have to be on the mold 13 lie.

The depth of the slots 14 may extend close to the plane 13, but is advantageous not deeper than half the thickness of the component 1. By making the slots 14 are not worked too deep into the insulation layer 3, the stability of the remains Component 1 obtained to a high degree.

FIG. 5a shows a manufacturing step that follows the step shown in FIG. 4c can. As shown in Fig. 5a, there is another on the top of the insulation layer 3 Support element 2 applied. This further support element 2 can be on the insulation layer 3 are produced in a similar way to the support element 2 in FIG. 4 b on the plane 13, and further described above.

It is also possible to support element 2 shown on top of insulation layer 3 in FIG. 5a to be produced separately and then with a connection step with the insulation layer 3 to connect. The connection can, for example, be glued with polyurethane foam or other suitable adhesives. It is also possible to use the separately manufactured further support element 2 lying on top before the material of the insulation layer hardens 3 and thus also the adhesive properties of the insulation material 3 to be used before curing.

The process step shown in FIG. 5b can be compared to that in FIG. 4d and in FIG. 5a Connect the step shown. Starting from the state in Fig. 4d is on the Top of the insulation layer 3 in the areas in which no slot 14 is provided, a further layer of the material of the support element 2 is applied so as to have several support elements 2 to form between the slots 14.

Starting from Fig. 5a is again by mechanical processing, ie. H. Milling, cutting, Sawing etc. one or more slots 14 made on the top of the component 1. Here too, the depth of the slots 14 is advantageously max. half the thickness of the Component 1.

The width and number of slots in Fig. 4d and Fig. 5b can be any needs be adjusted. The width is shown in Fig. 4d and 5b exaggerated for clarity.

Another possible embodiment of the method according to the invention is illustrated of Fig. 6 explained. 6a shows a shape 13 in which the upper side is curved is. The curvature can be from semicircular to almost flat. Corresponding to Fig. 4b, 4c and Figures 5a are one in the process steps illustrated in Figures 6b, 6c and 6d Component 1 according to the invention produced. The step shown in Figure 6d, i.e. H. the Application of a further support element 2 is optional. Due to the design of the Component shape 13 ', as shown in Fig. 6, results in a curved component 1. Die The ends of the component 1 can, for example, be framed by the component shape 13 ' their upper ends be designed so that they are perpendicular to the course of the surfaces complete component 1. A slit 14, which allows the components 1 to Curving is not absolutely necessary in the curved components 1 can however, also be provided according to the invention.

The components 1 shown in FIGS. 4c, 4d, 5a, 5b, 6c and 6d can be used in another Process step are processed at their ends. For example, by mechanical machining of the tapered ends 7 are attached. It is too possible, the angle that the end surface forms with the side faces of component 1, to change. In the embodiments as shown in Fig. 4c, 4d, 5a, 5b, 6c and 6d are shown, the angle is 90 °, but other angles are also possible.

7a and 7b are a perspective and a sectional drawing of an inventive Protective cover 17 shown. The protective covering 17 in FIG. 7a is cylindrical and is composed of two rows of 6 components 1 each. The one to be protected The radio system is located inside the cylinder, but not here shown. The upper and lower end is covered by appropriate documents or covers closed. The pad or cover does not have any special requirements regarding the absorption of electromagnetic radiation and can therefore meet be arbitrary. The components 1 are in each case along straight connecting lines connected. However, the connecting lines do not necessarily have to be straight, but can also be curvilinear. To produce a protective cover 17, such as 7a, for example those shown in FIGS. 1b, 4d, 5b, 6c and 6d Components 1 are used. In Fig. 7b the possibility is shown in which a slotted Component 1, for example as shown in Fig. 1b, 4d or 5b, is used. The slotted components 1 are curved for assembly, the curvature is made possible by the slots 14 on one side of the components 1.

As can be seen in FIG. 7b, the slots 14 of the components 1 close when they bend at least partially or completely to closed slits 14 '. That way it is possible to produce a cylindrical protective cover 17. Thrust when closing the slots 14, the support elements 2 between the slots 14 of a component 1, for example from Fig. 5b, together, there is a kind of stop for the curvature. That means a further curvature is not possible. This results in this state particularly good stability of component 1.

A further embodiment of a protective covering 18 according to the invention is shown in FIGS 8a and 8b. In the components 1 shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b, the angle is between the end surface and the lateral surface of the components 1 not 90 °, but the end surface is slightly beveled in comparison.

As shown in Fig. 8a, the protective covering 18 is composed of three rows of 6 components each 1 composed.

The number of components 1 in a row of the protective covering shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 However, 17 and 18 is not limited to six. There are also significantly more components 1 in any row possible, for example several 10 to several 100. However, in principle also a single component 1 for the protective covering 17, which curves a cylinder forms, possible according to the invention.

9 shows a further embodiment of a protective covering 19 according to the invention shown. The protective covering 19 has the overall shape of a dome 19 as it is used in a radon, for example. Under the dome can the radio Plant, e.g. a radar can be arranged. The dome 19 is on a suitable surface put on.

As can be seen in Fig. 9, the components 1 have no rectangular shape, but are in essentially trapezoidal. There are 3 rows of components 1 provided, the lower two rows have the same number of components 1. The rows can, however also have different number of components 1. The third and top row has, for example a smaller number of components 1 than the two lower rows. The top row of components 1 can taper at their upper end, so that viewed from the outside, they have the shape of a curvilinear triangle, however the upper end of the dome 19 can also be formed by a type of end component, as shown in Figure 9.

A protective covering 19 in the form of a dome, as shown in FIG. 9, can also be provided by Assembling flat components 1 without slots 14 can be created. It follows a polygonal surface similar to that in Figure 8, but closed at the top. A big number of components 1 is advantageous here, because then the angle at which the components 1 collide, become approximately 180 °.

In the protective coverings according to the invention, of which three embodiments 17, 18, 19 in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, it is advantageous to use the support element Provide 2 of the components 1 on the outside of the protective cover. By manufacturing of the support element 2 in a component shape 13, 13 ', the outside can be very smooth, as a result there is a very smooth outer surface of the protective covering. This can Ice and snow slide off well on the fairing and the weight that the protective fairing 17,18,19 has to hold is not very big.

The manner in which it is possible according to the invention to close the various components 1 joining the protective linings 17, 18 or 19 is shown in FIG. 10. In a Sectional view, two components 1 are shown on the right and left. The components 1 include the insulation layer 3 and, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, one each upper and an optional lower support element 2. The two workpieces 1 are on the Ends that point towards each other are each provided with a taper 7. The rejuvenation 7 is realized here by the taper 7 of the support element 2, but it can also, how further shown above, additionally or exclusively by tapering 7 of the insulation layer 3 can be achieved.

The components 1 are shown slightly spaced apart. Is between the components 1 a connecting means 16. However, the components 1 can also collide completely, so that the connecting means 16 only in the resulting cavities between the two components 1 is present.

The connecting means 16 may e.g. B. be the same material from which the insulation layer 3 was produced. The PUR foam, which is suitable for on-site installation in Sockets is available. The extension of the connecting means 16 up or down is preferably equal to the layer thickness of the insulation layer 3, but can also Thickness of the insulation layer 3 plus the thickness of the support element (s) 2 on the Embrace ends. Other expansions are also possible according to the invention.

In the event that the material of the connecting means 16 is the same as that of the insulation layer 3, and also in the event that the expansion of the connecting means 16 along the thickness of the components 1 is equal to the thickness of the insulation layer 3, this results in a continuous area, which is made of one and the same material with one and the same layer thickness and thus a completely homogeneous absorption with respect to the electromagnetic radiation of the radio system. However, according to the invention, connecting means 16 other than the material of the insulation layer 3 and other dimensions along the thickness of the component 1 of the connecting means 16 can also be selected.
According to the invention, the connecting means 16 can also be omitted, since the components can also be connected to one another on their outside / inside.

The taper 7 results in an upper and lower part of the connection point Area 15 which, as long as it is not filled, is an empty space 15.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, this empty space 15 can now be made with connecting material be filled to establish the connection between the components 1.

The empty space 15 is preferably filled with the material from which the support element 2 of the components 1 was produced. This has the advantage that the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation in the area of the connection is the same as in the area of components 1.

Should the empty space 15 be filled with a connecting material, for example has a lower / higher absorption than the material of the support element 2, so the Thickness of the material in the area 15 may be larger / smaller than the layer thickness of the support element 2 of the components 1.

By connecting the components 1 to the connecting means 16 and / or by filling the rooms 15 above or below the components 1 with connecting material can be stable Connection to the components 1 can be achieved, with the possibility being only To use materials that were also used to manufacture the components 1 themselves. This is special for the dielectric properties of the protective covering 17, 18, 19 advantageous because there is only a slight interference or absorption of the electromagnetic Radiation from the radio system results.

The following are embodiments of the manufacturing method according to the invention the protective cladding 18, 19, 20 for radio systems is explained using the figures.

For the production of protective cladding 17, 18, 19 for a radio-technical system as described in 7a, already curved components 1, as shown in FIGS. 6c and 6d, be used. It is also possible to use slotted components 1, as in FIGS. 1b, 1c, 4d and 5b to use. The slotted components 1 are by action an external force curved, in one direction so that the slots 14 on the Lie inside the curvature and thus at least partially close. The components 1 are assembled using a connection technique described below. It is advantageous here for the protective covering 17, 18, 19 to consist of several individual Assemble components 1. This allows the weight of the components 1 in one area are held, which makes it possible to use the components 1 solely with human power, i.e. H. in particular without cranes. So protective coverings with several Meters or several tens of meters.

For a protective covering 18 for a radio-technical system, as shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b flat components 1, as shown in FIGS. 4c and 5a, can be used become. Here, the ends of the components 1 will be provided at an angle.

For protective coverings 19 in the form of a dome, as shown in Figure 9, can Components 1 of the type from FIG. 1c can advantageously be used because a curvature in different directions at different locations of the component 1 is possible. Also the other components 1 from FIGS. 1a, 1b, 4c, 4d, 5a, 5b, 6c, 6d can be used.

The components 1 of a protective covering 17, 18, 19 are described in the following Connection technology put together to form a protective covering 17, 18, 19.

The components 1 are at their predetermined by appropriate devices or by hand Supported and held in place. A connecting means 16, e.g. PUR foam injected into the space between the blunt ends of the components 1. He sticks with there the ends of the components 1 and firmly connects them after curing.

According to the invention, it is also possible to first attach a surface to a surface to be mounted Component 1 bumps with the connecting means 16, then the one to be assembled Insert component 1 and let the connecting means 16 dry or harden. The components 1 can directly meet one another or can be spaced somewhat apart be composed of each other. The connecting means 16 is optional, however the components 1 are also connected to one another with the step described below become.

The connecting material is applied to the outside of the protective covering 17, 18, 19, from which the support element 2 of the components 1 was produced. Are rejuvenations 7 provided at the ends of the components 1, so the order takes place in the through the taper 7 room 15 took place. If the support element 2 of the components 1 is made of GRP is, the connecting material will advantageously also be GRP. The GFK will by applying hardening plastic resin and glass fibers in the form of mats or Fabric applied. The plastic resin is advantageously colored with color particles, so that after connecting the components 1 there is a uniform external color or color design the protective cover 17,18,19 results. The GRP material adheres to the components 1 solid on the outside and / or inside, hardens and thus connects the components 1 to one another. On the outside ideally results in a smooth coherent layer from the Material from which the support elements 2 of the components 1 were made.

The components 1 can also be connected on the inside of the protective cladding 17, 18, 19 occur. This is particularly useful if support elements are also on the inside 2 of the components 1 are provided.

If the components 1 are connected to one another by a connecting means 16, the Connection with the connecting material in the empty spaces 15 does not necessarily take place. However, sealing the joints between the support elements 2 would then be advantageous various components 1, at least on the outside of the protective cladding 17, 18, 19. Sealing can be done with suitable sealing materials or with one Material from which the support elements 2 of the components 1, i.e. e.g. GRP or just e.g. Polyestherharz, are made.

Through the components 1 according to the invention and the connection technology according to the invention it is possible to create a protective covering 17, 18, 19, its absorption in the area of the connection points is practically identical to the absorption of the Components 1 in an area outside the connection points. Furthermore, the finished Protective cover 17, 18, 19 have a smooth surface on which ice and snow slide well. Due to the good insulation properties, there are special heating, cooling or air conditioning systems for the interior of the protective cladding 17, 18, 19, in which the radio technology System is located, not necessary or only with very low outputs.

Claims (37)

Component (1) for a protective covering (17, 18, 19) for radio-technical systems, which comprises an insulation layer (3), characterized in that a support element (2) is at least partially provided on at least one side of the insulation layer (3). Component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the support element (2) is made of a composite material and preferably glass fiber reinforced plastic and / or the insulation layer (3) is a rigid foam layer (3). Component (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support element (2) is provided in direct contact with the insulation layer (3). Component (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the support element (2) is provided in the form of a layer, preferably on the entire surface of at least one side of the insulation layer (3). Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that support elements (2) are provided on two opposite sides of the insulation layer (3). Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that tapering (7) of the component (1) and / or the support element (2) and / or the insulation layer (3) is provided at the ends of the component (1) are. Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the insulation layer (3) has a thickness of 30 to 120 mm, preferably of 60 mm. Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the component (1) is flat or curved in one direction. Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the component (1) has blunt ends. Component (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the insulation layer material has a density in the range from 40 kg / m ³ to 160 kg / m ^3, preferably in the range from 80 kg / m ³ . Component (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the component (1) has slots (14) on one side, the side preferably being the side opposite the support element (2) and the slots (14) preferably extend in the direction of the thickness of the layer at most up to half the thickness of the component (1). Component (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the component (1) has at least two slots (14) in different directions. Component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the supporting element (2) comprises color particles in powder form. Method for producing a component (1) for a protective covering (17, 18, 19) for radio technical systems, in which an insulation layer (3) and on at least one side a support element (2) connected to the insulation layer (3). A method according to claim 14, characterized in that the support element (2) comprises a composite material, preferably a glass fiber reinforced plastic (2), and / or the insulation layer (3) is a rigid foam layer. Method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the insulation layer (3) and the support element (2) are connected to one another during or after the production of the support element (2) and / or the insulation layer (3). Method according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the support element (2) in the form of a layer and / or the insulation layer (3) is produced in or on a component shape (13, 13 '). Method according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the support element (2) is produced in the form of a layer on the insulation layer (3). Method according to one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that after production of the support element (2) and the insulation layer (3) at least one end of the component (1) is tapered on at least one side. Method according to one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that a component shape (13, 13 ') is used to produce the component (1), which results in a taper (7) of the ends of the component (1). Method according to one of claims 14 to 20, characterized in that the support element (2) is made tapering at least towards one end of the component (1). Method according to one of claims 14 to 21, characterized in that the insulation layer (3) is tapered on at least one side at least towards one end of the component (1). Method according to one of claims 14 to 22, characterized in that a component (1) with blunt ends is produced by the component shape (13, 13 ') and / or by cutting off edges of the component (1). Method according to one of Claims 14 to 23, characterized in that , given by the component shape (13, 13 ') or by slits (14) in the insulation layer (3) and / or the support element (2), a component (1) is produced which has slots (14) on one side which preferably extend in the direction of the thickness of the layer up to a maximum of half the thickness of the component (1). Method according to one of claims 14 to 24, characterized in that the component (1) is produced on a flat and / or curved surface (13, 13 '). Method according to one of claims 14 to 25, characterized in that the support element (2) is colored with powdered powder particles during its manufacture. Protective cover (17, 18, 19) for radio-technical systems, the components (1) acc. one of claims 1 to 13 or components (1) according to a method according to any one of the claims 14 to 26 were produced. Protective covering (17, 18, 19) according to claim 27, characterized in that the components (1) are connected, preferably glued, to a connecting means (16), the connecting means (16) preferably being the same material with which the insulation layer ( 3) the components (1) was produced. Protective covering (17, 18, 19) according to one of claims 27 or 28, characterized in that the components (1) are connected on the inside and / or outside with a connecting material, preferably the material of the support element (2) of the components (1) , Protective covering (17, 18, 19) according to one of Claims 27 to 29, characterized in that at least some of the components (1) have tapered portions (7) at their ends, the space region (15) which is formed by the tapered portion (7) arises, is filled with the material of the support element (2) and the material connects adjacent components (1). Protective covering (17, 18, 19) according to one of Claims 27 to 30, characterized in that the components (1) are curved, with slots (14) being located on the inside of the curve. Protective covering (17, 18, 19) according to one of claims 27 to 31, characterized in that the protective covering (17, 18, 19) consists exclusively of the material of the supporting element (2) and insulation layer material. Process for the production of a protective covering (17, 18, 19) for radio technical systems in the component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13 and / or components (1), the are produced with one of the methods of claims 14 to 26, to a protective covering (17,18,19). A method according to claim 33, characterized in that the assembly of the components (1) comprises gluing the components (1) at their ends with connecting means (16). Method according to one of claims 33 or 34, characterized in that the assembly of the components (1), the connection of the components (1) on their inside and / or outside of the protective covering (17, 18, 19) comprises a connecting material, wherein the connecting material is preferably the material of the support element (2) of the components (1). Method according to one of claims 33 to 35, characterized in that components (1) with tapered portions (7) are used at the ends of the components (1) and connecting material is applied in the spatial region (15) which is caused by the tapered portion (7) the components (1) are formed and adjacent components (1) are thus connected to one another. Method according to one of claims 32 to 36, characterized in that slotted components (1) are used which are curved.

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