EP1302952B1 - Procédé et circuit pour la détection de la position de l'armature d'un électroaimant - Google Patents

Procédé et circuit pour la détection de la position de l'armature d'un électroaimant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1302952B1
EP1302952B1 EP02022489.5A EP02022489A EP1302952B1 EP 1302952 B1 EP1302952 B1 EP 1302952B1 EP 02022489 A EP02022489 A EP 02022489A EP 1302952 B1 EP1302952 B1 EP 1302952B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
magnet
reference voltage
comparator
electrical circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02022489.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1302952A2 (fr
EP1302952A3 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang E. Dipl.-Ing. Schultz
Dieter Dipl.-Ing. Kleinert
Peter Dr.-Ing. Tappe
Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Heinzmann
Horst-Peter Dipl.-Ing. Wassermann
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Individual
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Publication of EP1302952A3 publication Critical patent/EP1302952A3/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1844—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for detecting the armature position of an electromagnet, wherein from the magnetic coil flowing through the coil, a magnetic voltage is generated and this magnetic voltage is compared with a reference voltage and a corresponding anchor position is determined by this comparison. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a circuit for detecting the armature position of an electromagnet, wherein the magnetic current flowing through the coil at a resistor leads to a magnetic voltage and this with a Reference voltage is compared in the comparator, wherein at the output of the comparator, a corresponding output signal can be tapped when in the comparator the corresponding comparison condition of magnetic voltage and reference voltage.
  • Electromagnets are widely used in the art. They are known, for example, as actuators for hydraulic valves and so on. There are a variety of applications where it is important to ensure that the armature has attracted, that is, that the armature has reached its end position. In a current-time diagram, this gives a characteristic course, as it is, for example, in Fig. 2 (instead of the current can serve the magnetic tension) is indicated.
  • the magnetic current is converted into a current-proportional voltage and the converted voltage is differentiated.
  • This differentiated magnet voltage is compared with a threshold value. This threshold is averaged from the differentiated magnet voltage.
  • a disadvantage of the method known in the prior art is the relatively high number of assemblies.
  • the magnet voltage must first be differentiated, in which case a reference voltage is obtained from the differentiated magnet voltage by averaging.
  • a reference voltage is obtained from the differentiated magnet voltage by averaging.
  • the invention has set itself the task of a method or to provide a circuit for detecting the armature position of an electromagnet available, on the one hand works reliably and on the other hand is not as expensive as the solutions of the prior art.
  • the characteristic current or voltage curve over time for the movement of an armature of an electromagnet is divided into three parts.
  • the current flowing through the coil breaks down when the armature reaches the end position, ie "switches".
  • the current increases again to reach the holding current. Since it is easier to electronically compare voltages with one another than currents, the following is generally spoken of magnet voltage or reference voltage, without wishing to restrict the invention to this.
  • the interposition of a resistor allows the simple conversion of a variable current into a variable voltage, according to Ohm's law. Since the magnet voltage overshoots a maximum in the course of time before reaching the anchor end position, an intersection point can be generated when the flattening of the reference voltage is chosen, which is used as a signal for reaching the armature in the end position.
  • the untreated or only slightly treated magnet voltage is compared with a filtered or flattened magnet voltage as the reference voltage. Since the circuit thus designed is not so expensive, it is also much less susceptible to interference and also inexpensive to produce.
  • the presented inventive concept of a dynamic limit curve method also allows the independence of the method of temperature influences or magnet types, since the reference voltage is not constant but derived in relation to the magnetic voltage to be monitored from this.
  • a flattened magnetic voltage is proposed according to the invention.
  • the flattening can be achieved, for example, by the use of a low-pass filter as a filter.
  • the use of the low-pass filter cuts off the high-frequency components of the magnetic field voltage.
  • the filtered signal reacts slower than the source signal (magnetic voltage).
  • the reference voltage intersects the magnet voltage (over time).
  • the undershooting of the reference voltage can be read out by the subsequent electronics (for example a comparator) and used for corresponding evaluation purposes (optical signal, process monitoring and so on).
  • a voltage divider can be provided in order to achieve a corresponding lowering of the level of the reference voltage below the magnet voltage.
  • the known circuit uses a comparator.
  • the invention is shown schematically in the circuit arrangement according to the Fig. 1 explained.
  • the input voltage U is applied to the magnet. 1
  • the current flowing through the magnet 1 leads to a voltage drop across the shunt resistor 2. This voltage drop is referred to below as magnet voltage U M.
  • a reference voltage U R is now generated by the magnet voltage U M.
  • the filter 3 is embodied here as a low-pass filter and / or voltage divider and generates the reference voltage U R.
  • the magnet voltage U M and the reference voltage U R is applied to the comparator 4 to different inputs.
  • the comparator 4 now compares the two characteristic curves U M and U R.
  • the comparator 4 can be conveniently designed as an operational amplifier. According to the dimensioning of the filter, the two characteristics intersect only at the switch-on peak, which means when the armature reaches its end position.
  • a holding member 7 and a reset 6 is provided.
  • a voltage stabilization 5 the comparator 4 and the reset 6 is supplied.
  • Fig. 2 For example, the solution according to the prior art, in particular the gradient method, is shown.
  • the current breaks down due to the mutual induction and the armature runs into its end position.
  • the switching time ie the time at which the armature reaches its end position, is marked with A.
  • a current (and thus voltage) increase takes place until the holding current.
  • U M the voltage curve U B is indicated when the armature blocks. It is noticeable that the voltage drop, in particular in the time interval II in the voltage curve U B is not present and thus there is a characteristic difference.
  • Fig. 3 The solution according to the invention is in Fig. 3 shown.
  • Fig. 1 is derived from the magnetic voltage U M, a reference voltage U R.
  • the time interval B is limited by the two points of intersection B 1 and B 2 of the reference voltage U R with the magnet voltage U M. Within the time segment B, the reference voltage U R is greater than the magnet voltage U M.
  • the point in time A which characterizes the switching state or the reaching of the armature end position, is within the time interval B.
  • the proposal according to the invention provides a reliable method for detecting the end position of the armature which functions reliably independently of external influences.
  • the output signal U out is present at the output.
  • This output signal can be displayed optically, for example by an LED is provided. It is also possible for the output signal U from one of the electromagnets supervising monitoring control, which processes the signal according to digital or analog.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de détermination de la position du noyau d'un aimant électrique utilisant une technique de comparaison entre une tension d'aimant produite par un courant traversant la bobine de l'aimant électrique et une tension de référence et la possibilité de déterminer la position du noyau via cette comparaison, la tension de référence étant une tension dérivée et filtrée de celle de l'aimant et le cas échéant la tension d'aimant lissée, caractérisé en ce que l'intersection de la courbe de la tension de référence et de la courbe de la tension de l'aimant électrique est transformé en un signal de déclenchement ou en un signal lié à la position du noyau et en ce qu'un intervalle temporel (B) est défini par deux points d'intersection (B1, B2) entre la tension de référence et la tension d'aimant incluant dans cet intervalle (B) un moment (A) signifiant que la position finale du noyau est atteinte.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la tension de référence est dérivée de la tension d'aimant par un filtre passe-bas.
  3. Procédé selon l'une ou les deux revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la tension de référence est dérivée de la tension d'aimant par un diviseur de tension.
  4. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la tension d'aimant est comparée à la tension de référence avec pas ou peu de modification.
  5. Circuit électrique de détermination de la position du noyau d'un aimant électrique utilisant une technique de comparaison par un comparateur entre une tension d'aimant produite au niveau d'une résistance parcourue par un courant traversant également la bobine de l'aimant électrique et une tension de référence en utilisant un signal de sortie disponible à la sortie du comparateur lorsque, à l'intérieur du comparateur, la condition de comparaison entre la tension d'aimant et la tension de référence est remplie, la tension de référence étant dérivée par un filtre lissant la tension d'aimant, caractérisé en ce que le circuit est configuré de telle fagon qu'un signal de sortie (Uaus) est produit à la sortie du comparateur lorsque la courbe de la tension de référence (UR) et la courbe de la tension d'aimant (UM) se coupent de fagon à produire deux points d'intersection (B1, B2) entre la tension de référence (UR) et la tension d'aimantâ (UM) créant un intervalle (B) et incluant dans cet intervalle (B) un moment (A) signifiant l'atteinte de la position finale du noyau et produisant un signal de sortie pendant cet intervalle (B).
  6. Circuit électrique selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le comparateur (4) est un amplificateur opérationnel.
  7. Circuit électrique selon l'une ou les deux revendications précédentes 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce que la transformation d'un signal de déclenchement en un signal de sortie du comparateur (4) est réalisée par un élément de maintien électrique (7) telle une bascule avec un reset (6).
  8. Circuit électrique selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il existe un filtre (3) tel un filtre passe-bas et/ou un diviseur de tension.
  9. Circuit électrique selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le signal de sortie (Uaus) est affiché optiquement et/ou en ce qu'il est injecté dans un système de contrtle.
EP02022489.5A 2001-10-12 2002-10-05 Procédé et circuit pour la détection de la position de l'armature d'un électroaimant Expired - Lifetime EP1302952B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10150199A DE10150199A1 (de) 2001-10-12 2001-10-12 Verfahren und Schaltung zur Erkennung der Ankerlage eines Elektromagneten
DE10150199 2001-10-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1302952A2 EP1302952A2 (fr) 2003-04-16
EP1302952A3 EP1302952A3 (fr) 2004-11-10
EP1302952B1 true EP1302952B1 (fr) 2013-04-24

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EP02022489.5A Expired - Lifetime EP1302952B1 (fr) 2001-10-12 2002-10-05 Procédé et circuit pour la détection de la position de l'armature d'un électroaimant

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US6949923B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1302952B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10150199A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
US20030071613A1 (en) 2003-04-17
US6949923B2 (en) 2005-09-27
DE10150199A1 (de) 2003-04-24
EP1302952A2 (fr) 2003-04-16
EP1302952A3 (fr) 2004-11-10

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