EP1299509A2 - Reibungsmodifizierende zusatzkombination - Google Patents

Reibungsmodifizierende zusatzkombination

Info

Publication number
EP1299509A2
EP1299509A2 EP01949345A EP01949345A EP1299509A2 EP 1299509 A2 EP1299509 A2 EP 1299509A2 EP 01949345 A EP01949345 A EP 01949345A EP 01949345 A EP01949345 A EP 01949345A EP 1299509 A2 EP1299509 A2 EP 1299509A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fatty
group
amine
combination
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01949345A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1299509B1 (de
Inventor
Edgar Andreas Steigerwald
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
Original Assignee
ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co filed Critical ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co
Publication of EP1299509A2 publication Critical patent/EP1299509A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1299509B1 publication Critical patent/EP1299509B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M133/10—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms cycloaliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
    • C10M145/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate monocarboxylic
    • C10M145/14—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/044—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having cycloaliphatic groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C10M2215/082—Amides containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/26—Amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/042—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for automatic transmissions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/044—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for manual transmissions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives

Definitions

  • R is an alkyl group containing from 8 to 24 carbon atoms or any aryl group containing one or more alkyl substituents containing from 8 to 24 carbon atoms;
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently an alkylene group containing from 1-8 carbon atoms; and
  • x and y are each independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 5.
  • the substituent group R is suitably an alkyl group containing from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably from 12 to 14 carbon atoms.
  • the substituent group R is suitably derived from a fatty acid which is usually a naturally occurring substance and therefore may contain a mixture of carbon chain lengths, in which case the average chain length of the substituent group R is more preferably within the carbon atom ranges specified above.
  • the substituent groups R 1 and R 2 are each independently an alkylene group as stated above and these groups suitably have 1 to 4 carbon atoms, most preferably 2 carbon atoms such as eg a -CH 2 -CH 2 - grouping.
  • the groupings -R'O- and -R 2 O- are 1 9 preferably oxyethylene groups and correspondingly -R OH and -R OH are ethylenehydroxy groups.
  • the number of oxyalkylene groups represented by x and y are each independently suitably 0, 1 or 2 and are preferably 0.
  • the present invention provides a lubricant or functional fluid formulation comprising a major amount of base oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of a friction modifier additive combination as defined above.
  • the lubricant or functional fluid is suitably useable as a power transmission fluid, preferably as an automatic transmission fluid (ATF).
  • ATF automatic transmission fluid
  • the following description will focus on ATF formulations although it will be understood that the compositions of the present invention are not limited to such fluids but embraces within its scope other lubricant and functional fluids.
  • ATFs typically have a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (KV 100 ) ranging from 2-15 mm 2 /s, preferably from 4-10 mm 2 /s, more preferably from 5-8 mm 2 /s measured according to the standard test procedure of ASTM D-446.
  • the Brookfield viscosity at - 40°C is suitably less than 50,000 mPa s, preferably from 4,000-20,000 mPa s, and more preferably from 5,000-18,000 mPa s measured according to the standard test procedure of ASTM D-2983.
  • the viscosity index is suitably in the range from 100-200, preferably from 150-200 measured according to the standard test procedure of ASTM D-2270.
  • the amount of fatty amine compound in this friction modifier additive combination is suitably in the range from 0.03-1.0% by weight, preferably from 0.05- 0.8% by weight and more preferably from 0.1-0.6% by weight.
  • the fatty amide compound in the additive combination is suitably from 0.05-0.8% by weight, preferably from 0.05-0.5% by weight and more preferably from 0.08-0.3% by weight.
  • the weight ratio of the fatty amine to fatty amide in the additive combination is suitably in the range from 0.5 : 1 to 10: 1 , preferably from 1 : 1 to 8 : 1 and more preferably
  • the base oil comprises a mineral oil
  • it is suitably a solvent refined and/or hydrotreated oil.
  • suitable oils of this type include inter alia solvent refined mineral oils in the range of 50N to 150N, preferably 80N to 130N.
  • Such mineral oils are available, for example, from Esso under the trade name Esso Solvent Neutral.
  • the base oil is a synthetic oil
  • it is preferably a PAO produced by the oligomerisation of 1-alkenes which suitably contain 6-20 carbon atoms, preferably 8-14 carbon atoms.
  • PAOs produced from 1-decene are particularly preferred.
  • the KN 10 o of the PAO selected is usually determined by the viscosity desired in the final lubricant formulation and is suitably in the range from 2-8mm 2 /s, preferably from 4-6mm 2 /s.
  • Such PAOs are commercially available eg from ExxonMobil.
  • the functional fluid formulations of the present invention may also contain other optional additives depending upon the intended use of the functional fluid.
  • additives include inter alia viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, antioxidants, anti-wear agents, extreme pressure additives, dispersants, detergents, corrosion inhibitors, erosion inhibitors, anti-foaming agents, seal swell conditioning agents (seal fix), anti-pitting agents and the like.
  • Such additives are all commercially available, the choice of one or more of these and the amounts of each used depending upon the intended end use of the functional fluid.
  • a viscosity index improver would typically be included in the functional fluids at a treat level of 2-15% by weight based on active ingredient (ie excluding solvent and carrier fluids, if any), preferably from 2-10% by weight, and the other additives would typically be included in the functional fluids at a treat level of 0.01-5% by weight based on active ingredient.
  • the pitting booster is suitably sulphurised fatty oil eg Sulperm® 307 (ex Ferro Corporation);
  • the viscosity index improver is suitably acrylic based such as eg a polymethylmethacrylate.
  • Tests 1-4 above passed the Electronically controlled converter clutch (ECCC) tests on the Mannesmann Sachs (MS) German for Geregelte Wandlerkupplung (hereafter "GWK").
  • ECCC Electronically controlled converter clutch
  • MS Mannesmann Sachs
  • GWK Garnier Wandlerkupplung

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
EP01949345A 2000-05-17 2001-05-17 Reibungsmodifizierende zusatzkombination Expired - Lifetime EP1299509B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0011931 2000-05-17
GBGB0011931.3A GB0011931D0 (en) 2000-05-17 2000-05-17 Friction modifier additive combination
PCT/EP2001/005656 WO2001088067A2 (en) 2000-05-17 2001-05-17 Friction modifier additive combination

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1299509A2 true EP1299509A2 (de) 2003-04-09
EP1299509B1 EP1299509B1 (de) 2004-08-25

Family

ID=9891789

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01949345A Expired - Lifetime EP1299509B1 (de) 2000-05-17 2001-05-17 Reibungsmodifizierende zusatzkombination

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1299509B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE274567T1 (de)
AU (1) AU7052501A (de)
DE (1) DE60105165T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2227234T3 (de)
GB (1) GB0011931D0 (de)
PT (1) PT1299509E (de)
WO (1) WO2001088067A2 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011046524A1 (en) 2009-08-25 2011-04-21 Nnt Nano Teknoloji̇ Bor Ürünleri̇ Ve Serami̇k Malz. Ar-Ge Sanayi̇ Ti̇caret Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇ Nano lubricant additive composition produced through detonation technology and argon cycle, and its production process

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8299005B2 (en) 2006-05-09 2012-10-30 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Lubricating oil composition
US7989408B2 (en) 2007-04-10 2011-08-02 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Fuel economy lubricant compositions
US20150111801A1 (en) * 2013-10-18 2015-04-23 Chevron Oronite Company Llc. Lubricating oil composition for protection of silver bearings in medium speed diesel engines
WO2019108785A1 (en) 2017-11-30 2019-06-06 Valvoline Licensing And Intellectual Property Llc Friction modifier for motor oil
CN114540103B (zh) * 2020-11-24 2023-04-25 中国石油化工股份有限公司 摩擦改进剂组合物及其应用和工业齿轮油

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DE69211675T2 (de) * 1991-09-16 1997-01-23 Lubrizol Corp Ölzusammensetzungen
US5858929A (en) * 1995-06-09 1999-01-12 The Lubrizol Corporation Composition for providing anti-shudder friction durability performance for automatic transmissions
US5622923A (en) * 1995-06-16 1997-04-22 The Lubrizol Corporation Lubricating compositions, functional fluids and greases containing thiophosphorus esters or their salts with a oxyalkylene group, and methods of using the same
US5866519A (en) * 1995-07-17 1999-02-02 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Automatic transmission fluids of improved viscometric properties
US5641733A (en) * 1995-07-17 1997-06-24 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Automatic transmission fluids of improved viscometric properties
AU711941B2 (en) * 1995-07-17 1999-10-28 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Partial synthetic transmission fluids with improved low temperature properties
US5646099A (en) * 1995-07-17 1997-07-08 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Automatic transmission fluids of improved viscometric properties
JP4334623B2 (ja) * 1996-06-12 2009-09-30 出光興産株式会社 自動変速機用潤滑油組成物
US6613722B1 (en) * 1997-03-07 2003-09-02 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Lubricating composition

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO0188067A2 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011046524A1 (en) 2009-08-25 2011-04-21 Nnt Nano Teknoloji̇ Bor Ürünleri̇ Ve Serami̇k Malz. Ar-Ge Sanayi̇ Ti̇caret Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇ Nano lubricant additive composition produced through detonation technology and argon cycle, and its production process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60105165D1 (de) 2004-09-30
ES2227234T3 (es) 2005-04-01
EP1299509B1 (de) 2004-08-25
WO2001088067A2 (en) 2001-11-22
PT1299509E (pt) 2005-01-31
DE60105165T2 (de) 2005-09-08
WO2001088067A3 (en) 2002-04-11
AU7052501A (en) 2001-11-26
GB0011931D0 (en) 2000-07-05
ATE274567T1 (de) 2004-09-15

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