EP1298405B1 - Echangeur de chaleur, notamment refroidisseur de gaz pour conditionnement d'air à base de CO2 - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur, notamment refroidisseur de gaz pour conditionnement d'air à base de CO2 Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1298405B1
EP1298405B1 EP02018822A EP02018822A EP1298405B1 EP 1298405 B1 EP1298405 B1 EP 1298405B1 EP 02018822 A EP02018822 A EP 02018822A EP 02018822 A EP02018822 A EP 02018822A EP 1298405 B1 EP1298405 B1 EP 1298405B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
tubes
fluid
collecting
collecting tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02018822A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1298405A3 (fr
EP1298405A2 (fr
Inventor
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Demuth
Martin Dipl.-Ing. Kotsch
Hans-Joachim Dipl.-Ing. Krauss
Hagen Dipl.-Ing. Mittelstrass
Karl-Heinz Dipl.-Ing. Staffa
Christoph Walter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1298405A2 publication Critical patent/EP1298405A2/fr
Publication of EP1298405A3 publication Critical patent/EP1298405A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1298405B1 publication Critical patent/EP1298405B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/0265—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using guiding means or impingement means inside the header box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05391—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
    • F28F9/0204—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions
    • F28F9/0209—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions having only transversal partitions
    • F28F9/0212—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions having only transversal partitions the partitions being separate elements attached to header boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
    • F28F9/262—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators for radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0068—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for refrigerant cycles
    • F28D2021/0073—Gas coolers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular a gas cooler for CO2 - air conditioning systems for motor vehicles according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a heat exchanger has been known from DE-A 196 49 129 of the applicant.
  • Such constructions are characterized by two manifolds and an interposed heat exchanger network, which consists of flat tubes, in particular multichamber tubes and corrugated ribs arranged therebetween.
  • the flat tubes are twisted at the ends and are fluid-tightly received by corresponding passages or slots in the headers.
  • a refrigerant flows, and on the outside of the flat tubes, that is through the corrugated fins ambient air flows to dissipate the heat of the refrigerant.
  • Such heat exchangers are flowed through either parallel or Moflutig, in the latter case partitions are provided in the headers for deflecting the refrigerant.
  • Multi-flow through heat exchangers such as condensers for air conditioning systems are usually flowed through from top to bottom, so that the subcooling of the capacitor is located in the lower region of the engine compartment of the motor vehicle. It has therefore already been proposed that Flow direction to run from bottom to top, so that the subcooling is in the upper part of the capacitor (DE-A 199 12 381 of the Applicant). In a further development of this idea, it has already been proposed by the applicant in DE-A 199 57 945 to arrange the subcooling path of the capacitor in arbitrary regions, ie also in the middle of the capacitor. This measure serves the purpose of keeping the subcooling line clear of warm recirculation flows emanating from the engine compartment.
  • these known solutions are not all requirements for the refrigerant guide in a heat exchanger, which is installed in the front of the engine compartment, justice.
  • the heat exchanger in addition to the two manifolds on a distribution device, via which the incoming refrigerant flow is distributed to two outer inlet chambers and flows from there meandering to the central region of the heat exchanger to finally leaving a middle chamber.
  • the refrigerant preferably CO2 flows thus both from bottom to top and from top to bottom, and both currents meet in the middle. Due to this refrigerant charge - which also applies to the refrigerant R 134, z. B. is applicable for capacitors - is particularly in the horizontal position of the refrigerant pipes, d. H.
  • the vertical position of the headers ensures that the exiting refrigerant flow does not get into the range of warm recirculation flow. Rather, the exiting refrigerant flow is in a flow region of the cooling air, which is relatively undisturbed and thus ensures effective cooling of the refrigerant flow.
  • the distribution device is designed as a tube which is arranged parallel to one of the manifolds.
  • Both tubes can be formed in two pieces or as an extruded part in one piece. This results in a compact design for this heat exchanger without additional connections, but only with a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet for the entire heat exchanger.
  • an air gap is provided between the manifold and the manifold, which serves the thermal insulation between the two tubes, so that heat from the incoming refrigerant to the exiting refrigerant - virtually on the way of internal heat exchange - is transmitted.
  • the manifold in particular in one-piece extruded construction in a known manner with a longitudinal slot for receiving the twisted ends of the flat tubes be provided, d. H. approximately in the manner according to EP-A 0 992 757 of the Applicant.
  • FIG. 1 shows a gas cooler 1 for an air conditioning system for a motor vehicle operated with CO2 as a refrigerant.
  • a gas cooler is preferably installed in the front region of the engine compartment, where the coolant cooler for the internal combustion engine is located. In this respect, in this area, in particular in stop-and-go operation, recirculation flows of warm air from the engine area can be expected.
  • the gas cooler 1 is shown here only schematically and has on its left side a manifold 2 and on its right side a manifold 3, which is assigned a distributor 4. Between the headers 2 and 3, which are arranged vertically in the vehicle, are parallel, here shown only by arrows 5 flat tubes, between which corrugated fins, not shown, which are acted upon by the ambient air, are.
  • the distributor 4 is tubular in cross-section and arranged parallel to the manifold 3; it has a refrigerant inlet 6 and two overflow openings 7 and 8, which open from the interior 9 of the distributor 4 into an upper chamber 10 and a lower chamber 11.
  • the manifold 3 is divided into a total of four chambers, namely 10 and 11 and 12 and 13, through the partitions 14, 15 and 16.
  • the opposite manifold 2 is divided by partitions 17 and 18 into two outer chambers 19 and 20 and a middle Subdivided chamber 21, which has a refrigerant outlet 22.
  • the refrigerant flow through this gas cooler 1 proceeds as follows: the refrigerant enters the distributor device 4 via the inlet 6, where it is distributed in the interior 9 and via the overflow opening 7 into the overhead chamber 10 and via the overflow opening 8 into the lower chamber 11 arrived.
  • the refrigerant flow is thus divided into two equal mass flows, each of which, following the arrows 5, flow from right to left through the gas cooler and reach the chambers 19 and 20 on the other side.
  • both refrigerant streams are deflected again in the other direction to enter the chambers 12 and 13, where they are deflected again, unite after re-flowing the gas cooler 1 in the end chamber 21 and leave the gas cooler 1 through the refrigerant outlet 22.
  • Fig. 2 shows the manifold 3 and the distributor 4 of FIG. 1, here as a unit 30, which consists of a manifold 31 and a manifold 32.
  • the manifold 31 is divided by partitions 34, 35, 36 into individual chambers, in particular an upper chamber 37 and a lower chamber 38. The latter are via flow channels 39 and 40 with the manifold 32 in flow communication.
  • an air-gap (which may also be filled with an insulating material) 41 is arranged between the walls of the manifold 31 and the manifold 32.
  • This air gap 41 can be subsequently milled into the extruded part, as also apparent from Fig. 2b.
  • the flow flow of the refrigerant takes place in such a way that the refrigerant flow G enters the end face at an inlet opening 42 in the manifold 32 and is distributed there; Via the overflow channels 39 and 40, which preferably have the same cross-section, the refrigerant flow G is divided into two equal streams G1 and G2, which enter into the chambers 37 and 38. From there, the refrigerant flow takes place in the manner described for Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 2a is a cross section through the extruded unit 30 along the line A - A shown in Fig. 2, with in the longitudinal slot 33 (Fig. 2) tight soldered, twisted flat tube ends 43.
  • the longitudinal slot 33 Fig 2
  • the overflow channel 39 can be drilled from the outside after the extrusion process.
  • FIG. 2b shows a further cross-section, in accordance with the line B - B in Fig. 2: here, the air gap 41 is clearly visible, it can also be made by machining after the extrusion process.
  • the manifold 32 and the manifold 31 are thermally conductive connected only in the region of the overflow 39 and 40, while they are completely isolated in the central region, which has a performance-enhancing effect on the cooling of the refrigerant, because thus the back-flowing refrigerant in the middle chambers 44 and 45 is not reheated by the warmer entering refrigerant in the manifold 32 again.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment variant of the extruded unit with a collecting tube 50, which has a larger diameter than the associated distributor tube 51.
  • One of the two transfer channels is designated 52.
  • the collecting tube 50 like the exemplary embodiment described with reference to FIG. 2, is likewise provided with a longitudinal slot for receiving twisted flat tube ends 53.
  • Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of a collecting raw / distribution tube unit, wherein a manifold 60 and a manifold 61 are designed as separately prepared tubes, which are connected via an intermediate piece 62 (the second is not shown here), preferably soldered ,
  • both the manifold 60 an opening 63 and the manifold 61 an opening 64 and the intermediate piece 62 has an opening 65.
  • the openings 63, 64 and 65 are aligned and thus form one of the two transfer channels.
  • a slot 66 twisted flat tube ends 67 are used and soldered, wherein - as described above - are arranged on the outside of the flat tubes corrugated ribs 68.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Echangeur de chaleur, en particulier refroidisseur de gaz pour des systèmes de climatisation à base de CO2 pour des véhicules automobiles, se composant d'un réseau d'échangeurs de chaleur comprenant des tuyaux plats et des ailettes ondulées, ainsi que de tuyaux collecteurs dans lesquels les extrémités des tuyaux plats sont fixées en étant étanches au fluide, où les tuyaux plats sont en communication fluidique avec les tuyaux collecteurs et peuvent être traversés par un fluide, de préférence un agent de refroidissement à base de CO2, où les tuyaux collecteurs sont divisés, par des parois de séparation, en différentes chambres, et où l'échangeur de chaleur présente une entrée de fluide et une sortie de fluide,
    caractérisé
    en ce qu'un dispositif de distribution (4, 32, 51, 61) est disposé de façon parallèle et voisine de l'un des deux tuyaux collecteurs (3, 31, 50, 60), lequel dispositif de distribution présente l'entrée de fluide (6, 42) et deux orifices de distribution de fluide (7, 8 ; 39, 40) qui sont, respectivement, en communication fluidique avec une chambre extérieure (10, 11 ; 37, 38) du tuyau collecteur voisin (3, 31), et
    en ce que la sortie de fluide (22) est disposée sur une chambre centrale (21) d'un tuyau collecteur (2).
  2. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que les tuyaux plats (5) sont disposés en s'étendant horizontalement et les tuyaux collecteurs (2, 3 ; 31) verticalement, et en ce que les deux orifices de distribution de fluide (7, 8 ; 39, 40) débouchent dans la chambre (40, 37) placée tout en haut et dans la chambre (11, 38) placée tout en bas du tuyau collecteur (3, 31).
  3. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de distribution est configuré comme un tuyau (32) qui, via deux canaux de trop-plein (39, 40), est en communication fluidique avec les chambres extérieures (37, 38) du tuyau collecteur voisin (31).
  4. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un intervalle (41) prévu pour l'isolation thermique est disposé entre le dispositif de distribution (32) et le tuyau collecteur voisin (31) .
  5. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tuyau collecteur (31, 50) et le dispositif de distribution (32, 51) sont fabriqués comme une pièce extrudée.
  6. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le tuyau collecteur (60) et le dispositif de distribution (61) sont configurés, respectivement, comme des tuyaux distincts qui sont reliés entre eux par des pièces intercalaires (62), dans la zone d'orifices de trop-plein (63, 64, 65).
  7. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tuyau collecteur (31, 50, 60) présente une fente continue (33, 66) s'étendant dans le sens longitudinal et servant au logement des extrémités tordues (43, 53, 67) des tuyaux plats.
EP02018822A 2001-09-26 2002-08-23 Echangeur de chaleur, notamment refroidisseur de gaz pour conditionnement d'air à base de CO2 Expired - Lifetime EP1298405B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10147521A DE10147521A1 (de) 2001-09-26 2001-09-26 Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere Gaskühler CO2 - Klimaanlagen
DE10147521 2001-09-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1298405A2 EP1298405A2 (fr) 2003-04-02
EP1298405A3 EP1298405A3 (fr) 2003-06-04
EP1298405B1 true EP1298405B1 (fr) 2006-01-25

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EP02018822A Expired - Lifetime EP1298405B1 (fr) 2001-09-26 2002-08-23 Echangeur de chaleur, notamment refroidisseur de gaz pour conditionnement d'air à base de CO2

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1298405B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE316646T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10147521A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2257495T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2003255422A1 (en) * 2003-08-07 2005-02-25 Norsk Hydro Asa Heat exchanger comprising two manifolds
DE10339072A1 (de) * 2003-08-26 2005-03-24 Daimlerchrysler Ag Wärmetauscher mit integriertem Zu- und Ablauf
FR2890726B1 (fr) * 2005-09-13 2007-12-14 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Ensemble integre pour circuit de climatisation fonctionnant avec un fluide refrigerant supercritique
DE102007007233A1 (de) 2007-02-14 2008-09-25 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung, insbesondere Kraftfahzeuge, mit einem Wärmeübertrager
CN101900460A (zh) * 2010-07-02 2010-12-01 海信科龙电器股份有限公司 一种平行流蒸发器及热泵空调器
JP5071597B2 (ja) * 2011-01-21 2012-11-14 ダイキン工業株式会社 熱交換器および空気調和機
CN102252559B (zh) * 2011-05-20 2013-02-13 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 微通道换热器及其制作方法
JP5741658B2 (ja) * 2013-09-11 2015-07-01 ダイキン工業株式会社 熱交換器及び空気調和機
EP3236189B1 (fr) 2015-11-30 2019-01-09 Carrier Corporation Échangeur de chaleur pour applications cvc résidentiel
CN106767012B (zh) * 2016-12-22 2019-09-17 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 一种微通道换热器及采用该微通道换热器的空调器
US20220074669A1 (en) * 2020-09-10 2022-03-10 Rheem Manufacturing Company Multi-pass header assembly for a heat exchanger
DE102021129187A1 (de) 2021-11-10 2023-05-11 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Kältemittelkühler für einen Kältemittelkreis eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Kraftfahrzeug

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DE4313567C1 (de) * 1993-04-26 1994-09-01 Daimler Benz Ag Wärmetauscher für die unabhängige Beheizung der Fahrer- und Beifahrerseite eines Fahrgastraumes von Personenkraftwagen

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JP3030036B2 (ja) * 1989-08-23 2000-04-10 昭和アルミニウム株式会社 複式熱交換器
JP3044395B2 (ja) * 1990-12-28 2000-05-22 株式会社ゼクセル レシーバドライヤ一体型コンデンサ
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FR2780152B1 (fr) * 1998-06-23 2001-03-30 Valeo Climatisation Echangeur de chaleur pour vehicule automobile, et son procede de fabrication
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DE4313567C1 (de) * 1993-04-26 1994-09-01 Daimler Benz Ag Wärmetauscher für die unabhängige Beheizung der Fahrer- und Beifahrerseite eines Fahrgastraumes von Personenkraftwagen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2257495T3 (es) 2006-08-01
DE50205688D1 (de) 2006-04-13
EP1298405A3 (fr) 2003-06-04
ATE316646T1 (de) 2006-02-15
EP1298405A2 (fr) 2003-04-02
DE10147521A1 (de) 2003-04-10

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