EP1280438B1 - Controle climatique pour vitrine d'exposition - Google Patents

Controle climatique pour vitrine d'exposition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1280438B1
EP1280438B1 EP01936340A EP01936340A EP1280438B1 EP 1280438 B1 EP1280438 B1 EP 1280438B1 EP 01936340 A EP01936340 A EP 01936340A EP 01936340 A EP01936340 A EP 01936340A EP 1280438 B1 EP1280438 B1 EP 1280438B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
chamber
predetermined
relative humidity
showcase
equipment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP01936340A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1280438A1 (fr
Inventor
Alessandro Goppion
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Goppion SpA
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Goppion SpA
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
    • A47F3/00—Show cases or show cabinets
    • A47F3/001—Devices for lighting, humidifying, heating, ventilation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the climatic control of showcases, in particular for museums or private exhibitions of works of art, antiques and the like.
  • showncases is used to indicate wall-hung and floor-standing showcases, shrines, display cases, and the like.
  • showcases have the function of maintaining the content in a controlled environment as regards pollutants, temperature and, of particular interest as far as the present invention is concerned, humidity, that is, of actually maintaining a "microclimate" within the showcase.
  • climatic preservation conditions are particularly critical in the case of works of art, handworks and ancient organic materials.
  • showcases available on the market are structurally designed so as to exhibit a high tightness degree in order to minimise uncontrolled atmospheric exchanges with the outside.
  • a first class is represented by the so-called passive systems, that is, systems that use mineral materials that, thanks to their chemical and physical characteristics, stabilize relative humidity conditions in restricted environments.
  • Hygroscopic materials in particular silica gel, operate so as to absorb or release such a quantity of water as to substantially maintain them balanced with the surrounding environment -the display chamber of the showcase in the case here of concern- as regards relative humidity, and they are available on the market at different "conditioning" levels.
  • conditioning By this term it is meant that before being marketed, the hygroscopic materials are brought to particular conditions of relative humidity around which they will tend to maintain the display chamber inside which they are inserted.
  • WO 99/09867 discloses a showcase having a display chamber, comprising means for housing a predetermined quantity of a hygroscopic material in atmospheric contact with said chamber, at least one air inlet for ambient air or inert gas and at least one air outlet for extracting the old air from the showcase.
  • the hygroscopic material must be periodically replaced, or at least when it is close to saturation or, respectively, dryness conditions, with non-neglectable costs especially for large showcases; a given system cannot be easily adapted to relative humidity values different from that for which it is initially designed, that is to say, different from the value at which the hygroscopic material is initially conditioned; they do not allow any control of the internal temperature of the showcase, whose changes affect the relative humidity itself, and which may be an important factor for some displayed materials.
  • a second class of climatic control systems for showcases is represented by the so-called active systems, that is, systems that use power-supplied equipment to regulate the relative humidity within the display chamber of the case, and optionally, the temperature, so as to keep them constant at settable values.
  • Dehumidification is normally obtained through cooling and condensing of the water vapour present in the air inside the showcase, for example with a normal coolant compression and expansion frigorific cycle, or through endothermic chemical reactions.
  • both methods there is the risk of leaks of coolant fluid or chemical agents that may damage the preserved material.
  • Peltier-effect cooling equipment is also relatively simple.
  • the technical problem at the basis of the present invention is that of providing a climatic control for a showcase which should be versatile and reliable with respect to the conditions maintained inside the case, and which should result in a small equipment.
  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling the climate in a display chamber of a showcase, comprising the step of:
  • the present invention relates to a showcase having a display chamber, comprising means for housing a predetermined amount of a hygroscopic material in atmospheric contact with the chamber, at least one air inlet and at least one air outlet, characterised in that at least the inlet is connected to a humidification/dehumidification equipment for the air introduced in the inlet.
  • the presence of the hygroscopic material within the air volume whose relative humidity is regulated, by a suitable active humidification/dehumidification equipment, has the effect of stabilizing the relative humidity conditions around the desired value.
  • the hygroscopic material allows maintaining the desired relative humidity conditions in case of failure or malfunctioning of the equipment, or of power supply failure.
  • the active intervention allows maintaining, restoring or resetting the relative humidity conditions of the hygroscopic material itself, thus preventing it from reaching saturation or dryness conditions.
  • the step of re-circulating the air flow essentially in a closed circuit from an outlet of the chamber to an inlet of the chamber is preferably also provided.
  • the step of pre-conditioning the predetermined quantity of hygroscopic material substantially at the predetermined relative humidity value may be provided for before the arrangement step.
  • This provision allows reducing the work needed to bring the load controlled by the active equipment, that is, the air within the chamber and the hygroscopic material itself, to the desired values.
  • the method comprises the step of detecting the humidity conditions at the chamber and/or at the hygroscopic material arranged in the arrangement step and the predetermined air flow and/or the predetermined relative humidity value are selected according to the detected relative humidity conditions with respect to a presettable desired relative humidity value.
  • the showcase further comprises means for detecting the relative humidity at the chamber and/or at the hygroscopic material housing means, the equipment being responsive to the output signal of the relative humidity detection means.
  • This feedback control allows automating the active intervention by limiting it to when the need of humidification or dehumidification arises, thus minimising the operating costs.
  • the hygroscopic material has a beneficial effect since it dampens the oscillations around the preset set-point.
  • the predetermined relative humidity value can be changed according to a presettable progressive program.
  • the predetermined air flow is dehumidified through condensation on a surface cooled through Peltier effect.
  • the equipment usually comprises a Peltier-effect cooled surface for dehumidification.
  • the predetermined air flow is introduced into the chamber at a predetermined temperature value.
  • the equipment in the showcase is further suitable to regulate the temperature of the air introduced in the inlet to a predetermined temperature value.
  • the showcase can further comprise means for detecting the temperature at the chamber, the equipment being responsive td the output signal of the temperature detection means.
  • the arranged hygroscopic material is silica gel.
  • This material exhibits the advantage of being solid, thus preventing the risk of accidental leaks that may damage the displayed material.
  • the predetermined amount of silica gel is selected within a range comprised between 500 and 1500 g/m 3 of internal volume of the chamber.
  • the amount of silica gel is selected according to the internal volume and tightness of the chamber, to the type and quantity of displayed material, and to the difference between relative humidity required in the chamber and relative humidity outside the case.
  • the amount of introduced silica further depends on the initial relative humidity conditions of the displayed material and on those which are desired to be maintained for its optimum preservation.
  • the housing means is typically selected from the group consisting of a drawer for granular or sheet silica gel, a porous tube and a permeable bag.
  • the showcase 1 of the Figure is exemplified as of the floor-standing type, and as for displaying on four sides, and therefore it has a base 2, typically with non-transparent walls, and a chamber 3 with transparent walls, suitable to house one or more items to be displayed (not shown).
  • the display chamber 3 exhibits at least two air-exchange openings, in Figure there being represented an air inlet 4 and an air outlet 5. As for the rest, chamber 3 is as tight as possible. Moreover, chamber 3 communicates with a housing for a hygroscopic material, represented as a drawer 6 for granular or sheet silica gel. Of course, different housing means can be provided, such as a porous tube, a permeable bag or the like, provided that they are suitable to maintain the hygroscopic material in atmospheric contact with chamber 3.
  • hygroscopic materials such as for example saline solutions.
  • saline solutions many liquid materials, leaks harmful for the displayed items may occur.
  • a first parameter is the "humidity level” (EMC), that is to say, the actual amount of water contained in the silica gel when its vapour pressure is balanced with a given relative humidity.
  • EMC humidity level
  • this parameter is itself a function of the relative humidity, so that also its pattern in the relative humidity range of interest, typically from 35% to 65% RH, is important.
  • a second parameter of interest is the so-called "M-Value", which represents the amount of water in grams that is absorbed or yielded per each kilogram of silica gel when relative humidity undergoes changes within 1%. Also this parameter must be as high as possible, in the relative humidity range of interest, in order that the silica gel has a good capacity of stabilizing relative humidity changes.
  • the silica gel must exhibit hysteresis phenomena to the least possible extent. These phenomena are due to the fact that the absorption curve, in the plane EMC against relative humidity, lies lower than the desorption curve in the same plane, which implies an inactivity period during the inversion from the humidification to the dehumidification function and vice versa.
  • hygroscopic materials must preferably be affected as little as possible by temperature changes.
  • the air exchange openings 4 and 5 are shown in communication with base 2, which houses a conditioning equipment 7 electrically supplied by a cord 8 provided with a plug 8' for the connection to the supply mains.
  • This arrangement of the conditioning equipment 7 is preferred for aesthetical reasons, but equipment 7 can be on sight if the aesthetic factor is not a requirement, or where no cabin space is available, for example in wall-hung cases.
  • the conditioning equipment 7, schematically shown, can simply consist of a humidifier/dehumidifier, but preferably it is also suitable to heat or respectively cool the air that it introduces into chamber 3 of case 1.
  • Equipment 7 preferably forms a hermetic air circulation system with chamber 3, since it is connected to the air inlet 4 and outlet 5 of chamber 3 in a closed circuit through respective piping 4' and 5'.
  • An alternative solution can consist in providing an open circuit for the conditioning air.
  • equipment 7 will suck ambient air from a suitable air intake and will send the treated air, that is, at the desired values of humidity and optionally, temperature, to chamber 3 through the air inlet 4, whereas the air exiting from the air outlet 5 of chamber 3 will be vented in the environment outside case 1.
  • This solution exhibits higher consumptions but may be advantageous for displayed materials requiring a certain change of air.
  • intermediate solutions are also possible, wherein a portion of the air flow is recirculated and a portion is exchanged with the external environment.
  • Equipment 7 is preferably of the type where dehumidification occurs through the condensation of excess humidity on a surface (not shown) cooled by Peltier effect. The condensate water is then collected and pumped into a water reservoir (not shown). Vice versa, humidification occurs by pumping water from the reservoir and vaporizing it into the air introduced into chamber 3 through inlet 4.
  • Equipment 7 has a control panel 7' for setting the desired humidity, and preferably temperature, value of the treated air. Preferably, however, equipment 7 is feedback-controlled and the values settable through control panel 7' are therefore those desired in chamber 3.
  • the Figure shows a relative humidity probe 9 and a thermometer 10 arranged in chamber 3 and a relative humidity probe 11 arranged in the drawer-like support 6 for detecting the relative humidity of the hygroscopic material housed therein.
  • the climatic control method according to the present invention can be implemented as follows.
  • a predetermined quantity of a hygroscopic material for example 1000 g of silica gel for each square meter of internal volume of chamber 3, is arranged in the drawer-like housing 6, where it is in atmospheric contact with chamber 3.
  • the silica gel has been previously pre-conditioned at a predetermined relative humidity value, for example at 55%, before said arrangement step.
  • Equipment 7 is then made to operate substantially continuously so that a predetermined air flow is introduced into chamber 3, after having set its relative humidity to the predetermined value, 55% in this example.
  • Equipment 7 preferably re-circulates air from outlet 5 of chamber 3 to its inlet 4.
  • the predetermined relative humidity value can be set in equipment 7 through the control panel 7'
  • the desired final relative humidity value in chamber 3 is set in equipment 7 through the control panel 7', and through a suitable controller (not shown) the equipment provides for regulating the flow rate or the humidity value of the air that it introduces into inlet 4 based on said desired final value and on the relative humidity each time existing in chamber 3 itself, as detected by the humidity probes 9 and/or 11.
  • the controller changes the predetermined relative humidity value according to a presettable progressive program, for example for bringing the relative humidity within chamber 3 from the existing conditions to the desired final conditions in a sufficiently long period to avoid shocks to the displayed material within chamber 3.
  • the air is introduced into chamber 3 not only at the predetermined relative humidity value, but also at a predetermined temperature value, that is to say, it is cooled or heated according to the need.
  • the predetermined air temperature that equipment 7 introduces into chamber 3 through inlet 4 can be set.
  • the value that is set is the desired final value within chamber 3, and the controller of the equipment provides for regulating the temperature of the air that it introduces into chamber 3 according to said desired final value and to the temperature each time existing in chamber 3, as detected by thermometer 10.
  • the control of humidity, and preferably, of temperature of the display chamber 3 is mainly carried out by equipment 7.
  • the hygroscopic material performs a dual role. In the first place, it acts as an emergency control of the relative humidity in case of failure of equipment 7 or power supply failure. In the second place, the hygroscopic material has a beneficial effect on the operation of equipment 7 since it dampens the oscillations around the programmed set-point, oscillations which otherwise occur as hysteresis in the active conditioning systems of the prior art, of the intermittent operation, feedback type.
  • the silica gel need not be periodically replaced since, thanks to the active humidification/dehumidification through equipment 7, it never reaches dryness or saturation conditions.
  • showcase 1 represented in the Figure and described above must be regarded as merely illustrative, as for the purposes of the principles at the basis of the present invention it is sufficient that such showcase comprises means for housing a predetermined quantity of a hygroscopic material in atmospheric contact with its internal chamber and arrangements to be connected to an active air humidification/dehumidification and optionally heating/cooling equipment.
  • the conditioning equipment 7 might be turned on only when needed, when the hygroscopic material, after having provided to the humidification or vice versa, dehumidification of chamber 3 as far as allowed by its volume and by its initial conditions, approaches saturation or vice versa, dryness conditions, as detected by the humidity probe 11.
  • the conditioning equipment 7 would intervene to introduce air into chamber 3 through inlet 4 at the predetermined relative humidity and optionally temperature value, and, provided that the operation period of equipment 7 is sufficiently long, typically of 48 hours, it would recondition the hygroscopic material to said relative humidity value.
  • the conditioning equipment 7 might be disconnected from chamber 3 during the periods when it is not used, which may be advantageous both from the aesthetical point of view, in particular for wall-hung cases or in any case, not provided with sufficient cabin space for housing the equipment, and in terms of use of a single equipment for different showcases.
  • the air openings 4, 5 of chamber 3 should of course be provided with check valves or sufficiently tight plugs.

Landscapes

  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
  • Freezers Or Refrigerated Showcases (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Procédé pour contrôler l'atmosphère dans la chambre (3) d'une vitrine d'exposition (1), comprenant l'étape de :
    - disposer une quantité prédéterminée d'un matériau hygroscopique en contact atmosphérique avec ladite chambre (3),
    caractérisé par l'étape de :
    - introduire d'une façon sensiblement continue dans ladite chambre (3) un flux d'air prédéfini ayant une valeur d'humidité relative prédéfinie.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend l'étape de faire re-circuler ledit flux d'air principalement en circuit fermé depuis une sortie (5) de ladite chambre (3) vers une entrée (4) de ladite chambre (3).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, avant ladite étape de disposition, l'étape de conditionnement préalable de la quantité prédéterminée d'un matériau hygroscopique sensiblement à la valeur d'humidité relative prédéfinie.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre l'étape pour mesurer (9,11) les conditions d'humidité dans ladite chambre (3) et/ou dans le matériau hygroscopique disposé lors de ladite étape de disposition et en ce que ledit flux d'air prédéfini et/ou ladite valeur d'humidité relative prédéfinie sont choisis en fonction des conditions d'humidité mesurées et relativement à une valeur d'humidité désirée qui peut être préétablie.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite valeur d'humidité relative prédéfinie est modifiée selon un programme progressif qui peut être préétabli.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit flux d'air prédéfini est déshumidifié par condensation sur une surface refroidie par effet Peltier.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit flux d'air prédéfini est introduit à l'intérieur de ladite chambre (3) à une valeur de température prédéfinie.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre l'étape pour mesurer (10) la température dans ladite chambre (3) en ce que ladite valeur de température prédéfinie est choisie en fonction de la température mesurée et relativement à une température désirée qui peut être préétablie.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit matériau hygroscopique disposé est du gel silice.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que ladite quantité prédéfinie de gel de silice est comprise dans un intervalle compris entre 500 et 1500 g/m3 du volume interne de ladite chambre (3).
  11. Vitrine (1) ayant une chambre d'exposition (3), comprenant des moyens (6) pour loger une quantité prédéterminée d'un matériau hygroscopique en contact atmosphérique avec ladite chambre (3), au moins une entrée d'air (4) et au moins une sortie d'air (5), caractérisé en ce qu'au moins ladite entrée d'air (4) est reliée à un équipement (7) d'humidification/déshumidification pour l'air introduit à travers ladite entrée (4).
  12. Vitrine (1) selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que ledit équipement (7) est relié en circuit fermé entre ladite entrée (4) et ladite sortie (5).
  13. Vitrine (1) selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de logement (6) sont choisis dans un groupe consistant en un tiroir pour des granulés ou des feuilles de gel de cilice, un tube poreux et un sac perméable.
  14. Vitrine (1) selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisée en ce que pour la déshumidification, ledit équipement (7) comprend une surface refroidie par effet Peltier.
  15. Vitrine (1) selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend en outre des moyens (9,11) pour mesurer l'humidité relative dans ladite chambre (3) et/ou dans les moyens (6) pour loger un matériau hygroscopique, ledit équipement (7) étant sensible au signal de sortie desdits moyens (9,11) pour mesurer l'humidité relative.
  16. Vitrine (1) selon l'une des revendications 11 à 15, caractérisée en ce que l'équipement (7) est en outre adapté pour réguler la température de l'air introduit à travers ladite entrée (4) à une valeur de température prédéfinie.
  17. Vitrine (1) selon la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend en outre des moyens (10) pour mesurer la température dans ladite chambre (3), ledit équipement (7) étant sensible au signal de sortie desdits moyens (10) pour mesurer la température.
EP01936340A 2000-05-09 2001-05-08 Controle climatique pour vitrine d'exposition Revoked EP1280438B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2000MI001012A ITMI20001012A1 (it) 2000-05-09 2000-05-09 Controllo climatico per una vetrina espositiva
ITMI001012 2000-05-09
PCT/EP2001/005257 WO2001084986A1 (fr) 2000-05-09 2001-05-08 Controle climatique pour vitrine d'exposition

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1280438A1 EP1280438A1 (fr) 2003-02-05
EP1280438B1 true EP1280438B1 (fr) 2006-08-09

Family

ID=11445002

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01936340A Revoked EP1280438B1 (fr) 2000-05-09 2001-05-08 Controle climatique pour vitrine d'exposition

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1280438B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE335428T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2001262273A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60122133T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2269405T3 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20001012A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001084986A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10324685B4 (de) * 2003-05-30 2006-03-30 Glasbau Hahn Gmbh + Co. Kg Vitrine zur Aufbewahrung und/oder Zurschaustellung von Gegenständen
US8246724B2 (en) 2003-05-30 2012-08-21 Glasbau Hahn Gmbh Method for air treatment in a display cabinet and cabinet for implementing the method
DE102006022296A1 (de) * 2006-05-11 2007-11-15 M+W Zander Gebäudetechnik GmbH Vitrine zur Unterbringung von Gegenständen
DE102007042240B3 (de) 2007-09-06 2009-02-05 Caverion Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Klimatisierung einer Vitrine
ITMI20101802A1 (it) * 2010-10-01 2012-04-02 Goppion Spa Contenitore a tenuta d'aria per la conservazione di oggetti delicati.
DE102017202656A1 (de) 2017-02-20 2018-08-23 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Schutzverglasungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zu deren Verwendung
CN113439972A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2021-09-28 上海华成实业有限公司 文物展柜
DE202021106042U1 (de) 2021-11-04 2021-11-11 Glasbau Hahn Gmbh Umwälzanlage für eine Ausstellungsvitrine
US20230414012A1 (en) * 2022-06-27 2023-12-28 Goppion S.P.A. Museum display case with filtration system and climate control system

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR19990017123A (ko) * 1997-08-21 1999-03-15 남해석 전시물 보존장치
ES2232040T3 (es) * 1998-02-25 2005-05-16 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Aparato para controlar la humedad.
DE19826930C2 (de) * 1998-05-25 2002-09-05 Juerg Steiner Klimatisierte Ausstellungsvitrine und System aus derartigen Vitrinen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2001262273A1 (en) 2001-11-20
WO2001084986A1 (fr) 2001-11-15
ITMI20001012A0 (it) 2000-05-09
ATE335428T1 (de) 2006-09-15
ITMI20001012A1 (it) 2001-11-09
DE60122133D1 (de) 2006-09-21
ES2269405T3 (es) 2007-04-01
DE60122133T2 (de) 2007-03-08
EP1280438A1 (fr) 2003-02-05

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