EP1260703A2 - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1260703A2
EP1260703A2 EP02010912A EP02010912A EP1260703A2 EP 1260703 A2 EP1260703 A2 EP 1260703A2 EP 02010912 A EP02010912 A EP 02010912A EP 02010912 A EP02010912 A EP 02010912A EP 1260703 A2 EP1260703 A2 EP 1260703A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
injection valve
flow channels
elevations
valve according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02010912A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1260703A3 (en
EP1260703B1 (en
Inventor
Joerg Heyse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1260703A2 publication Critical patent/EP1260703A2/en
Publication of EP1260703A3 publication Critical patent/EP1260703A3/en
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Publication of EP1260703B1 publication Critical patent/EP1260703B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/20—Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
    • F02M61/205—Means specially adapted for varying the spring tension or assisting the spring force to close the injection-valve, e.g. with damping of valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/188—Spherical or partly spherical shaped valve member ends
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/165—Filtering elements specially adapted in fuel inlets to injector

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a fuel injector according to the genus of the main claim.
  • DE 198 04 463 A1 describes a fuel injection system for a mixture-compressing, spark-ignited Internal combustion engine known which one Fuel injector includes, the fuel into a combustion chamber formed by a piston / cylinder construction injected, and with a protruding into the combustion chamber Spark plug is provided.
  • the fuel injector is with at least one row on the scope of the Distributed fuel injector Provide injection holes. Through a targeted injection of fuel through the injection holes becomes one beam-guided combustion process by forming a Mixture cloud realized with at least one beam.
  • a disadvantage of the from the above publication known fuel injector is in particular the deficient atomization of the through the spray openings in injected the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine Fuel, mainly due to the cylindrical shape the flow channels is adversely affected. This is especially at low fuel pressure, so for example when starting the internal combustion engine from Disadvantage what u. a. in poor exhaust gas values reflected.
  • the fuel injector according to the invention with the has characteristic features of the main claim in contrast, the advantage that the spray orifices are designed so that bulge-like elevations above the raise the inner end face of the valve seat body, the Include flow channels in which the fuel to the Spray orifices is directed.
  • the spray openings open into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the diameter of the Flow channels to the spray openings so that a there is maximum flow separation in the flow channels.
  • trumpet or cone-shaped taper also a barrel-like shape, which first widens, then tapers and then expanded again, an advantage.
  • the production of the spray openings is by means of a Dorns, which is opposite to the flow direction of the fuel is struck by the valve seat body, easily possible.
  • the shape of the flow channels is simple the shape of the mandrel can be modeled.
  • the shape of the edge, that surrounds the inflow can be designed, especially a tapered edge because of the maximum spray hole internal beam separation is cheap.
  • the beam separation is also extended by an Feed radius that is used in the production of the spray openings arises, advantageously influenced.
  • the fuel injector 1 shows an excerpted sectional view first embodiment of an inventive Fuel injector 1.
  • the fuel injector 1 is in the form of a fuel injector 1 for Fuel injection systems from mixture-compressing, spark-ignition internal combustion engines.
  • the Fuel injector 1 is suitable for direct Injecting fuel into a not shown Combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injector 1 consists of a Nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 is in operative connection with a Valve closing body 4 with one on one Valve seat body 5 arranged valve seat surface 6 into one Sealing seat interacts.
  • the fuel injector 1 in the exemplary embodiment it is an inward direction opening fuel injector 1, which via has at least one spray opening 7.
  • Fuel injector 1 has an almost spherical shape Shape up. This creates an offset-free, gimbal Valve needle guidance achieved for an exact Operation of the fuel injector 1 ensures.
  • the valve seat body 5 of the fuel injection valve 1 is almost pot-shaped and contributes to its shape Valve needle guide at.
  • the valve seat body 5 is in a spray-side recess 34 of the nozzle body 2 used and by means of a weld 35 with the Nozzle body 2 connected.
  • the nozzle body 2 is against one by a seal 8 Sealed outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10.
  • the solenoid 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and on one Coil carrier 12 wound, which on an inner pole 13 of the Solenoid coil 10 is present.
  • the inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated from each other by a gap 26 and support itself on a connecting component 29.
  • the solenoid 10 is via a line 19 from an electrical Plug contact 17 energized electrical current.
  • the Plug contact 17 is from a plastic casing 18 surrounded, which may be molded onto the inner pole 13.
  • the valve needle 3 is in a valve needle guide 14 led, which is disc-shaped.
  • a paired adjusting disc 15 is used for stroke adjustment the other side of the shim 15 is a Anchor 20.
  • This stands over a first flange 21 non-positively in connection with the valve needle 3, which by a weld seam 22 with the first flange 21 connected is.
  • One is supported on the first flange 21 Return spring 23, which in the present design of the Fuel injector 1 through a sleeve 24 Bias is brought.
  • armature 20 Downstream of armature 20 is a second flange 31 arranged, which serves as the lower anchor stop. He is over a weld 33 with the valve needle 3 connected. Between the armature 20 and the second flange 31 is an elastic intermediate ring 32 for damping Anchor bounces when the fuel injector closes 1 arranged.
  • valve needle guide 14 in the armature 20 and on Valve seat body 5 run fuel channels 30a to 30c.
  • the fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 fed and filtered by a filter element 25.
  • the Fuel injector 1 is against by a seal 28 sealed a distribution line, not shown.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 has the Valve seat body 5, which in a recess 34 of the Nozzle body 2 arranged and for example by means of a Weld 35 is connected to this, elevations 36, in which ends in the spray openings 7 Flow channels 39 run.
  • the surveys 36 are there on an inner end face 37 of the valve seat body 5 trained and protrude into a between the Valve closing body 4 and valve seat body 5 formed volume 38 into it. They improve through theirs special form and arrangement the willingness to replace the Flow through jet constriction in the spray openings 7.
  • the spray-side part of the fuel injector 1 with the measures according to the invention is in the following Figures shown and explained in more detail.
  • the armature 20 falls sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the Return spring 23 on the first flange 21 from the inner pole 13 from, whereby the valve needle 3 against the stroke direction emotional. This sets the valve closing body 4 on the Valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injector 1 will be closed.
  • the anchor 20 is based on the second flange 31 formed anchor stop.
  • FIG. 2A shows an excerpted sectional view of the 1 marked with IIA in FIG. 1 from the one in FIG. 1 illustrated first embodiment of a Fuel injection valve 1 designed according to the invention.
  • valve seat body 5 in the described first embodiment on the Valve closing body 4 facing inner end face 37 Elevations 36 in which flow channels 39 run, which open into the spray openings 7.
  • the spray openings 7 are in the present Embodiment on the inner end face 37 of the Valve seat body 5 formed and protrude into between the valve closing body 4 and the valve seat body 5 formed volume 38 into it.
  • the spray openings 7 can at any point on the valve seat body 5 to be appropriate. They are preferably on several rounds or elliptical circles of holes that are concentric with each other or can be eccentric, or on several parallel ones, straight or staggered or offset from each other curved rows of holes arranged.
  • the distance between the Hole centers can be equidistant or should be different, however manufacturing reasons at least one Hole diameter.
  • the spatial orientation can be different for each hole axis, as in Fig. 2A for two spray openings 7 indicated.
  • the elevations 36 are dome-shaped to tubular above the inner end face 37 of the valve seat body 5 raised.
  • the Production of the spray openings 7 takes place z. B. by means of a hardened mandrel that opposes the Flow direction of the fuel through the material of the Valve seat body 5 is pierced, which the Spray openings 7 surrounding elevations 36 arise. Any shape of the mandrel can, as in FIG. 2B and 2C, various shapes and cross sections of Spray openings 7 are generated.
  • FIG. 2B shows a cross-sectional shape of the Spray opening 7, which is in the shape of a trumpet Flow direction of the fuel expanded, while in Fig. 2C shows a barrel-like cross-sectional shape, which is also seen overall in the outflow direction extended.
  • the spray openings 7 Due to the special shape and arrangement of the spray openings 7 can detach the fuel flow Spray openings 7 are favored. Because the diameter the spray openings 7 are typically approximately 100 ⁇ m, forms a continuous in the flow channels 39 Current from the walls showing little inclination to solve the flow channels. Then this happens relatively abruptly at the spray openings 7, whereby the in injected mixture cloud becomes stringy and Has inhomogeneities. Due to the expanding shape the flow channels 39 in the surveys 36 and through the The elevations 36 protrude into the inflowing fuel a beam constriction can occur, causing detachment the flow in the spray opening 7 is favored. This allows a homogeneous mixture cloud with less Tightness and subsequently better evaporation and Mixing of the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber be achieved.
  • the formation of the elevations 36 can be by the use a matrix, not shown, are influenced, by the elevations 36 between the matrix and the mandrel are pinched and thereby an edge 41 of the elevations 36 can be shaped as desired. 2B and 2C the edge 41 is formed tapered, which is in Sense of improving the flow constriction and offers subsequent separation of the flow.
  • Embodiments limited and z. B. for any arranged spray openings 7, for conical or cylindrical flow channels 39 and for any construction of inward opening multi-hole fuel injection valves 1 applicable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The injection ports (7) issue from raised parts (36) surmounting the valve seat (5) and through fuel channels (39) in the parts (36). The raised parts (36) thus enter the space (38) between valve seat (5) and seal (4). The fuel channels (39) widen out towards the ports (7), first in a barrel shape going over into a trumpet shape.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.The invention is based on a fuel injector according to the genus of the main claim.

Aus der DE 198 04 463 A1 ist ein Brennstoffeinspritzsystem für eine gemischverdichtende, fremdgezündete Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, welches ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil umfaßt, das Brennstoff in einen von einer Kolben-/Zylinderkonstruktion gebildeten Brennraum einspritzt, und mit einer in den Brennraum ragenden Zündkerze versehen ist. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist mit mindestens einer Reihe über den Umfang des Brennstoffeinspritzventils verteilt angeordneten Einspritzlöchern versehen. Durch eine gezielte Einspritzung von Brennstoff über die Einspritzlöcher wird eine strahlgeführtes Brennverfahren durch Bildung einer Gemischwolke mit mindestens einem Strahl realisiert.DE 198 04 463 A1 describes a fuel injection system for a mixture-compressing, spark-ignited Internal combustion engine known which one Fuel injector includes, the fuel into a combustion chamber formed by a piston / cylinder construction injected, and with a protruding into the combustion chamber Spark plug is provided. The fuel injector is with at least one row on the scope of the Distributed fuel injector Provide injection holes. Through a targeted injection of fuel through the injection holes becomes one beam-guided combustion process by forming a Mixture cloud realized with at least one beam.

Nachteilig an dem aus der obengenannten Druckschrift bekannten Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist insbesondere die mangelhafte Zerstäubung des durch die Abspritzöffnungen in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzten Brennstoffs, die vor allem durch die zylindrische Ausformung der Strömungskanäle ungünstig beeinflußt wird. Dies ist insbesondere bei geringem Brennstoffdruck, also beispielsweise beim Starten der Brennkraftmaschine, von Nachteil, was sich u. a. in schlechten Abgaswerten niederschlägt.A disadvantage of the from the above publication known fuel injector is in particular the deficient atomization of the through the spray openings in injected the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine Fuel, mainly due to the cylindrical shape the flow channels is adversely affected. This is especially at low fuel pressure, so for example when starting the internal combustion engine from Disadvantage what u. a. in poor exhaust gas values reflected.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß die Abspritzöffnungen so gestaltet sind, daß sich wulstförmige Erhebungen über der inneren Stirnfläche des Ventilsitzkörpers erheben, die Strömungskanäle umfassen, in denen der Brennstoff zu den Abspritzöffnungen geleitet wird. Die Abspritzöffnungen münden in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine aus.The fuel injector according to the invention with the has characteristic features of the main claim in contrast, the advantage that the spray orifices are designed so that bulge-like elevations above the raise the inner end face of the valve seat body, the Include flow channels in which the fuel to the Spray orifices is directed. The spray openings open into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils möglich.By the measures listed in the subclaims advantageous developments of the main claim specified fuel injector possible.

Vorteilhafterweise erweitert sich der Durchmesser der Strömungskanäle zu den Abspritzöffnungen, so daß eine maximale Strömungsablösung in den Strömungskanälen herrscht.Advantageously, the diameter of the Flow channels to the spray openings, so that a there is maximum flow separation in the flow channels.

Für die Form der Strömungskanäle ist neben einer trompetenoder konusförmigen Verjüngung auch eine tonnenartige Form, welche sich zunächst erweitert, dann verjüngt und dann wieder erweitert, von Vorteil.For the shape of the flow channels is next to a trumpet or cone-shaped taper also a barrel-like shape, which first widens, then tapers and then expanded again, an advantage.

Die Herstellung der Abspritzöffnungen ist mittels eines Dorns, der entgegen der Strömungsrichtung des Brennstoffs durch den Ventilsitzkörper geschlagen wird, einfach möglich. Die Form der Strömungskanäle ist in einfacher Weise durch die Form des Dorns modellierbar.The production of the spray openings is by means of a Dorns, which is opposite to the flow direction of the fuel is struck by the valve seat body, easily possible. The shape of the flow channels is simple the shape of the mandrel can be modeled.

Durch die Verwendung einer Matrize kann die Form der Kante, die den Zulauf umgibt, gestaltet werden, wobei besonders eine spitz zulaufende Kante wegen der maximalen spritzlochinternen Strahlablösung günstig ist. By using a die, the shape of the edge, that surrounds the inflow can be designed, especially a tapered edge because of the maximum spray hole internal beam separation is cheap.

Die Strahlablösung wird auch durch einen erweiterten Einzugsradius, der bei der Herstellung der Abspritzöffnungen entsteht, vorteilhaft beeinflußt.The beam separation is also extended by an Feed radius that is used in the production of the spray openings arises, advantageously influenced.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventils in einer Gesamtansicht,
Fig. 2A
einen schematischen Schnitt durch den abspritzseitigen Teil des in Fig. 1 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils im Bereich IIA in Fig. 1, und
Fig. 2B-C
eine vergrößerte Ansicht zweier Ausführungsbeispiele von Abspritzöffnungen im Bereich IIB in Fig. 2A.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1
1 shows a schematic section through a first exemplary embodiment of a fuel injector designed according to the invention in an overall view,
Figure 2A
2 shows a schematic section through the spray-side part of the first exemplary embodiment of the fuel injector according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 in the area IIA in FIG. 1, and
Fig. 2B-C
an enlarged view of two embodiments of spray openings in the area IIB in Fig. 2A.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Fig. 1 zeigt in einer auszugsweisen Schnittdarstellung ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist in der Form eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden, fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen ausgeführt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 eignet sich zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen nicht dargestellten Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine. 1 shows an excerpted sectional view first embodiment of an inventive Fuel injector 1. The fuel injector 1 is in the form of a fuel injector 1 for Fuel injection systems from mixture-compressing, spark-ignition internal combustion engines. The Fuel injector 1 is suitable for direct Injecting fuel into a not shown Combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 besteht aus einem Düsenkörper 2, in welchem eine Ventilnadel 3 angeordnet ist. Die Ventilnadel 3 steht in Wirkverbindung mit einem Ventilschließkörper 4, der mit einer auf einem Ventilsitzkörper 5 angeordneten Ventilsitzfläche 6 zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt. Bei dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 handelt es sich im Ausführungsbeispiel um ein nach innen öffnendes Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1, welches über wenigstens eine Abspritzöffnung 7 verfügt.The fuel injector 1 consists of a Nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged. The valve needle 3 is in operative connection with a Valve closing body 4 with one on one Valve seat body 5 arranged valve seat surface 6 into one Sealing seat interacts. In the fuel injector 1 in the exemplary embodiment it is an inward direction opening fuel injector 1, which via has at least one spray opening 7.

Der Ventilschließkörper 4 des erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 weist eine nahezu kugelförmige Form auf. Dadurch wird eine versatzfreie, kardanische Ventilnadelführung erzielt, die für eine exakte Funktionsweise des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 sorgt.The valve closing body 4 of the embodiment according to the invention Fuel injector 1 has an almost spherical shape Shape up. This creates an offset-free, gimbal Valve needle guidance achieved for an exact Operation of the fuel injector 1 ensures.

Der Ventilsitzkörper 5 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 ist nahezu topfförmig ausgebildet und trägt durch seine Form zur Ventilnadelführung bei. Der Ventilsitzkörper 5 ist dabei in eine abspritzseitige Ausnehmung 34 des Düsenkörpers 2 eingesetzt und mittels einer Schweißnaht 35 mit dem Düsenkörper 2 verbunden.The valve seat body 5 of the fuel injection valve 1 is almost pot-shaped and contributes to its shape Valve needle guide at. The valve seat body 5 is in a spray-side recess 34 of the nozzle body 2 used and by means of a weld 35 with the Nozzle body 2 connected.

Der Düsenkörper 2 ist durch eine Dichtung 8 gegen einen Außenpol 9 einer Magnetspule 10 abgedichtet. Die Magnetspule 10 ist in einem Spulengehäuse 11 gekapselt und auf einen Spulenträger 12 gewickelt, welcher an einem Innenpol 13 der Magnetspule 10 anliegt. Der Innenpol 13 und der Außenpol 9 sind durch einen Spalt 26 voneinander getrennt und stützen sich auf einem Verbindungsbauteil 29 ab. Die Magnetspule 10 wird über eine Leitung 19 von einem über einen elektrischen Steckkontakt 17 zuführbaren elektrischen Strom erregt. Der Steckkontakt 17 ist von einer Kunststoffummantelung 18 umgeben, die am Innenpol 13 angespritzt sein kann.The nozzle body 2 is against one by a seal 8 Sealed outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10. The solenoid 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and on one Coil carrier 12 wound, which on an inner pole 13 of the Solenoid coil 10 is present. The inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated from each other by a gap 26 and support itself on a connecting component 29. The solenoid 10 is via a line 19 from an electrical Plug contact 17 energized electrical current. The Plug contact 17 is from a plastic casing 18 surrounded, which may be molded onto the inner pole 13.

Die Ventilnadel 3 ist in einer Ventilnadelführung 14 geführt, welche scheibenförmig ausgeführt ist. Zur Hubeinstellung dient eine zugepaarte Einstellscheibe 15. An der anderen Seite der Einstellscheibe 15 befindet sich ein Anker 20. Dieser steht über einen ersten Flansch 21 kraftschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung, welche durch eine Schweißnaht 22 mit dem ersten Flansch 21 verbunden ist. Auf dem ersten Flansch 21 stützt sich eine Rückstellfeder 23 ab, welche in der vorliegenden Bauform des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch eine Hülse 24 auf Vorspannung gebracht wird.The valve needle 3 is in a valve needle guide 14 led, which is disc-shaped. to A paired adjusting disc 15 is used for stroke adjustment the other side of the shim 15 is a Anchor 20. This stands over a first flange 21 non-positively in connection with the valve needle 3, which by a weld seam 22 with the first flange 21 connected is. One is supported on the first flange 21 Return spring 23, which in the present design of the Fuel injector 1 through a sleeve 24 Bias is brought.

Abströmseitig des Ankers 20 ist ein zweiter Flansch 31 angeordnet, der als unterer Ankeranschlag dient. Er ist über eine Schweißnaht 33 kraftschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 verbunden. Zwischen dem Anker 20 und dem zweiten Flansch 31 ist ein elastischer Zwischenring 32 zur Dämpfung von Ankerprellern beim Schließen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 angeordnet.Downstream of armature 20 is a second flange 31 arranged, which serves as the lower anchor stop. He is over a weld 33 with the valve needle 3 connected. Between the armature 20 and the second flange 31 is an elastic intermediate ring 32 for damping Anchor bounces when the fuel injector closes 1 arranged.

In der Ventilnadelführung 14, im Anker 20 und am Ventilsitzkörper 5 verlaufen Brennstoffkanäle 30a bis 30c. Der Brennstoff wird über eine zentrale Brennstoffzufuhr 16 zugeführt und durch ein Filterelement 25 gefiltert. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist durch eine Dichtung 28 gegen eine nicht weiter dargestellte Verteilerleitung abgedichtet.In the valve needle guide 14, in the armature 20 and on Valve seat body 5 run fuel channels 30a to 30c. The fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 fed and filtered by a filter element 25. The Fuel injector 1 is against by a seal 28 sealed a distribution line, not shown.

Erfindungsgemäß weist das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 an dem Ventilsitzkörper 5, der in einer Ausnehmung 34 des Düsenkörpers 2 angeordnet und beispielsweise mittels einer Schweißnaht 35 mit diesem verbunden ist, Erhebungen 36 auf, in welchen in die Abspritzöffnungen 7 ausmündende Strömungskanäle 39 verlaufen. Die Erhebungen 36 sind dabei an einer inneren Stirnseite 37 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 ausgebildet und ragen in ein zwischen dem Ventilschließkörper 4 und dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 ausgebildetes Volumen 38 hinein. Sie verbessern durch ihre spezielle Form und Anordnung die Ablösungsbereitschaft der Strömung durch Strahleinschnürung in den Abspritzöffnungen 7. Der abspritzseitige Teil des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 mit den erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen ist in den folgenden Figuren näher dargestellt und erläutert. According to the invention, the fuel injection valve 1 has the Valve seat body 5, which in a recess 34 of the Nozzle body 2 arranged and for example by means of a Weld 35 is connected to this, elevations 36, in which ends in the spray openings 7 Flow channels 39 run. The surveys 36 are there on an inner end face 37 of the valve seat body 5 trained and protrude into a between the Valve closing body 4 and valve seat body 5 formed volume 38 into it. They improve through theirs special form and arrangement the willingness to replace the Flow through jet constriction in the spray openings 7. The spray-side part of the fuel injector 1 with the measures according to the invention is in the following Figures shown and explained in more detail.

Im Ruhezustand des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 wird der erste Flansch 21 an der Ventilnadel 3 von der Rückstellfeder 23 entgegen seiner Hubrichtung so beaufschlagt, daß der Ventilschließkörper 4 am Ventilsitz 6 in dichtender Anlage gehalten wird. Der Anker 20 liegt auf dem Zwischenring 32 auf, der sich auf dem zweiten Flansch 31 abstützt. Bei Erregung der Magnetspule 10 baut diese ein Magnetfeld auf, welches den Anker 20 entgegen der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 23 in Hubrichtung bewegt. Dabei nimmt der Anker 20 den ersten Flansch 21, welcher mit der Ventilnadel 3 verschweißt ist, und damit die Ventilnadel 3 ebenfalls in Hubrichtung mit. Der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Wirkverbindung stehende Ventilschließkörper 4 hebt von der Ventilsitzfläche 6 ab, wodurch der Brennstoff an den Abspritzöffnungen 7 abgespritzt wird.In the idle state of the fuel injector 1 first flange 21 on the valve needle 3 from the return spring 23 acted against its stroke direction so that the Valve closing body 4 on valve seat 6 in a sealing system is held. The armature 20 lies on the intermediate ring 32 on which is supported on the second flange 31. at Excitation of the magnetic coil 10 builds up a magnetic field, which the armature 20 against the spring force of Return spring 23 moved in the stroke direction. The Armature 20 the first flange 21, which with the valve needle 3 is welded, and thus the valve needle 3 also in Stroke direction with. The one with the valve needle 3 in operative connection standing valve closing body 4 lifts from the valve seat surface 6, whereby the fuel at the spray openings 7 is hosed.

Wird der Spulenstrom abgeschaltet, fällt der Anker 20 nach genügendem Abbau des Magnetfeldes durch den Druck der Rückstellfeder 23 auf den ersten Flansch 21 vom Innenpol 13 ab, wodurch sich die Ventilnadel 3 entgegen der Hubrichtung bewegt. Dadurch setzt der Ventilschließkörper 4 auf der Ventilsitzfläche 6 auf, und das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 wird geschlossen. Der Anker 20 setzt auf dem durch den zweiten Flansch 31 gebildeten Ankeranschlag auf.If the coil current is switched off, the armature 20 falls sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the Return spring 23 on the first flange 21 from the inner pole 13 from, whereby the valve needle 3 against the stroke direction emotional. This sets the valve closing body 4 on the Valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injector 1 will be closed. The anchor 20 is based on the second flange 31 formed anchor stop.

Fig. 2A zeigt in einer auszugsweisen Schnittdarstellung den in Fig. 1 mit IIA bezeichneten Ausschnitt aus dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1.2A shows an excerpted sectional view of the 1 marked with IIA in FIG. 1 from the one in FIG. 1 illustrated first embodiment of a Fuel injection valve 1 designed according to the invention.

Wie bereits in Fig. 1 angedeutet, weist der Ventilsitzkörper 5 im beschriebenen ersten Ausführungsbeispiel an seiner dem Ventilschließkörper 4 zugewandten inneren Stirnseite 37 Erhebungen 36 auf, in denen Strömungskanäle 39 verlaufen, die in die Abspritzöffnungen 7 münden.As already indicated in Fig. 1, the valve seat body 5 in the described first embodiment on the Valve closing body 4 facing inner end face 37 Elevations 36 in which flow channels 39 run, which open into the spray openings 7.

Die Abspritzöffnungen 7 sind im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel an der inneren Stirnseite 37 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 ausgebildet und ragen in das zwischen dem Ventilschließkörper 4 und dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 ausgebildete Volumen 38 hinein. Die Abspritzöffnungen 7 können an beliebigen Punkten des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 angebracht sein. Vorzugsweise sind sie auf mehreren runden oder elliptischen Lochkreisen, die zueinander konzentrisch oder exzentrisch sein können, oder auf mehreren parallelen, schräg oder versetzt zueinander angeordneten geraden oder gebogenen Lochreihen angeordnet. Der Abstand zwischen den Lochmittelpunkten kann dabei äquidistant oder unterschiedlich sein, sollte jedoch aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen zumindest einen Lochdurchmesser betragen. Die räumliche Orientierung kann für jede Lochachse unterschiedlich sein, wie in Fig. 2A für zwei Abspritzöffnungen 7 angedeutet.The spray openings 7 are in the present Embodiment on the inner end face 37 of the Valve seat body 5 formed and protrude into between the valve closing body 4 and the valve seat body 5 formed volume 38 into it. The spray openings 7 can at any point on the valve seat body 5 to be appropriate. They are preferably on several rounds or elliptical circles of holes that are concentric with each other or can be eccentric, or on several parallel ones, straight or staggered or offset from each other curved rows of holes arranged. The distance between the Hole centers can be equidistant or should be different, however manufacturing reasons at least one Hole diameter. The spatial orientation can be different for each hole axis, as in Fig. 2A for two spray openings 7 indicated.

Die Erhebungen 36 sind kuppen- bis röhrenförmig über der inneren Stirnseite 37 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 erhaben. Die Herstellung der Abspritzöffnungen 7 erfolgt dabei z. B. mittels eines gehärteten Dorns, der entgegen der Strömungsrichtung des Brennstoffs durch das Material des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 gestochen wird, wodurch die die Abspritzöffnungen 7 umgebenden Erhebungen 36 entstehen. Durch beliebige Formen des Dorns können, wie in den Fig. 2B und 2C dargestellt, verschiedene Formen und Querschnitte von Abspritzöffnungen 7 erzeugt werden.The elevations 36 are dome-shaped to tubular above the inner end face 37 of the valve seat body 5 raised. The Production of the spray openings 7 takes place z. B. by means of a hardened mandrel that opposes the Flow direction of the fuel through the material of the Valve seat body 5 is pierced, which the Spray openings 7 surrounding elevations 36 arise. Any shape of the mandrel can, as in FIG. 2B and 2C, various shapes and cross sections of Spray openings 7 are generated.

Fig. 2B zeigt dabei eine Querschnittsform der Abspritzöffnung 7, welche sich trompetenförmig in Abströmrichtung des Brennstoffs erweitert, während in Fig. 2C eine tonnenartige Querschnittsform dargestellt ist, welche sich insgesamt gesehen ebenfalls in Abströmrichtung erweitert.2B shows a cross-sectional shape of the Spray opening 7, which is in the shape of a trumpet Flow direction of the fuel expanded, while in Fig. 2C shows a barrel-like cross-sectional shape, which is also seen overall in the outflow direction extended.

Durch die besondere Form und Anordnung der Abspritzöffnungen 7 kann die Ablösung der Brennstoffströmung der Abspritzöffnungen 7 begünstigt werden. Da der Durchmesser der Abspritzöffnungen 7 typischerweise ca. 100 µm beträgt, bildet sich in den Strömungskanälen 39 eine kontinuierliche Strömung aus, die wenig Neigung zeigt, sich von den Wänden der Strömungskanäle zu lösen. Dies geschieht dann erst relativ abrupt an den Abspritzöffnungen 7, wodurch die in den Brennraum eingespritzte Gemischwolke strähnig wird und Inhomogenitäten aufweist. Durch die sich erweiternde Form der Strömungskanäle 39 in den Erhebungen 36 sowie durch das Hineinragen der Erhebungen 36 in den anströmenden Brennstoff kann eine Strahleinschnürung erfolgen, wodurch eine Ablösung der Strömung in der Abspritzöffnung 7 begünstigt wird. Dadurch kann eine homogene Gemischwolke mit geringer Strähnigkeit und nachfolgend eine bessere Verdampfung und Durchmischung des Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches im Brennraum erzielt werden.Due to the special shape and arrangement of the spray openings 7 can detach the fuel flow Spray openings 7 are favored. Because the diameter the spray openings 7 are typically approximately 100 μm, forms a continuous in the flow channels 39 Current from the walls showing little inclination to solve the flow channels. Then this happens relatively abruptly at the spray openings 7, whereby the in injected mixture cloud becomes stringy and Has inhomogeneities. Due to the expanding shape the flow channels 39 in the surveys 36 and through the The elevations 36 protrude into the inflowing fuel a beam constriction can occur, causing detachment the flow in the spray opening 7 is favored. This allows a homogeneous mixture cloud with less Tightness and subsequently better evaporation and Mixing of the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber be achieved.

Da die Abspritzöffnungen 7 erhaben über der inneren Stirnseite 37 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 in das Volumen 38 ausmünden, aber bündig mit einer äußeren Stirnseite 42 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 abschließen, können die den einzelnen Abspritzöffnungen 7 zugeordneten Strahlen besser aufgefächert werden.Since the spray openings 7 raised above the inner End face 37 of valve seat body 5 into volume 38 open out, but flush with an outer end face 42 of the Complete valve seat body 5, the individual Spray openings 7 associated rays better to be fanned out.

In der Folge können die Abgaswerte der Brennkraftmaschine durch eine effektivere Verbrennung insbesondere bei geringen Brennstoffdrücken im Schichtbetrieb oder beim Start der Brennkraftmaschine verwirklicht werden. In der Folge sinkt auch der Brennstoffverbrauch.As a result, the exhaust gas values of the internal combustion engine through more effective combustion, especially at low Fuel pressure in shift operation or when starting Internal combustion engine can be realized. As a result, decreases also the fuel consumption.

Im Bereich der Aufwölbung der Erhebungen 36 ergibt sich herstellungsbedingt ein Einzugsradius 40, der für die maximale Ablösung der Strömung im Strömungskanal 39 vorteilhaft ist.In the area of the bulging of the elevations 36 a feed radius 40 for the maximum separation of the flow in the flow channel 39 is advantageous.

Die Formung der Erhebungen 36 kann durch die Verwendung einer nicht weiter dargestellten Matrize beeinflußt werden, indem die Erhebungen 36 zwischen der Matrix und dem Dorn eingeklemmt werden und dadurch eine Kante 41 der Erhebungen 36 beliebig geformt werden kann. In den Fig. 2B und 2C ist die Kante 41 jeweils spitz zulaufend ausgeformt, was sich im Sinne der Verbesserung der Strömungseinschnürung und nachfolgenden Ablösung der Strömung anbietet. The formation of the elevations 36 can be by the use a matrix, not shown, are influenced, by the elevations 36 between the matrix and the mandrel are pinched and thereby an edge 41 of the elevations 36 can be shaped as desired. 2B and 2C the edge 41 is formed tapered, which is in Sense of improving the flow constriction and offers subsequent separation of the flow.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt und z. B. für beliebig angeordnete Abspritzöffnungen 7, für konische oder zylindrisch verlaufende Strömungskanäle 39 sowie für beliebige Bauweisen von nach innen öffnenden Mehrloch-Brennstoffeinspritzventilen 1 anwendbar.The invention is not shown on the Embodiments limited and z. B. for any arranged spray openings 7, for conical or cylindrical flow channels 39 and for any construction of inward opening multi-hole fuel injection valves 1 applicable.

Claims (11)

Brennstoffeinspritzventil (1) für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen mit einem erregbaren Aktuator (10), einer mit dem Aktuator (10) in Wirkverbindung stehenden und in einer Schließrichtung von einer Rückstellfeder (23) beaufschlagten Ventilnadel (3) zur Betätigung eines Ventilschließkörpers (4), der zusammen mit einer an einem Ventilsitzkörper (5) ausgebildeten Ventilsitzfläche (6) einen Dichtsitz bildet, und zumindest einer Abspritzöffnung (7), die in dem Ventilsitzkörper (5) ausgebildet ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abspritzöffnungen (7) aus Erhebungen (36) ausmünden, welche eine innere Stirnseite (37) des Ventilsitzkörpers (5) überragen, wobei der Brennstoff durch Strömungskanäle (39) in den Erhebungen (36) geleitet wird.Fuel injection valve (1) for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines with an excitable actuator (10), a valve needle (3) that is operatively connected to the actuator (10) and acted upon in a closing direction by a return spring (23) for actuating a valve closing body (4) forms a sealing seat together with a valve seat surface (6) formed on a valve seat body (5), and at least one spray opening (7) formed in the valve seat body (5),
characterized in that the spray openings (7) open out from elevations (36) which project beyond an inner end face (37) of the valve seat body (5), the fuel being conducted through flow channels (39) in the elevations (36). Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erhebungen (36) in ein zwischen dem Ventilschließkörper (4) und dem Ventilsitzkörper (5) ausgebildetes Volumen (38) ragen.Fuel injection valve according to claim 1,
characterized in that the elevations (36) project into a volume (38) formed between the valve closing body (4) and the valve seat body (5). Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Strömungskanäle (39) in den Erhebungen (36) in einer Abströmrichtung des Brennstoffs zu den Abspritzöffnungen (7) erweitern.Fuel injection valve according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the flow channels (39) in the elevations (36) widen in an outflow direction of the fuel to the spray openings (7). Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Strömungskanäle (39) trompetenförmig erweitern.Fuel injection valve according to claim 3,
characterized in that the flow channels (39) expand in a trumpet shape. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Strömungskanäle (39) zunächst tonnenförmig erweitern und zu den Abspritzöffnungen (7) eine stärkere Erweiterung erfahren.Fuel injection valve according to claim 3,
characterized in that the flow channels (39) initially widen in a barrel shape and experience a greater widening towards the spray openings (7). Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Strömungskanäle (39) konisch zu den Abspritzöffnungen (7) erweitern.Fuel injection valve according to claim 3,
characterized in that the flow channels (39) widen conically to the spray openings (7). Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Strömungskanäle (39) zylindrisch durch die Erhebungen (36) verlaufen.Fuel injection valve according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the flow channels (39) extend cylindrically through the elevations (36). Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erhebungen (36) mittels eines Dornes bei der Produktion der Abspritzöffnungen (7) aufgewölbt sind.Fuel injection valve according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that the elevations (36) are arched by means of a mandrel during the production of the spray openings (7). Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Einzugsradius (40) der Strömungskanäle (39) an den Abspritzöffnungen (7) ausgebildet ist.Fuel injection valve according to one of Claims 1 to 8,
characterized in that a feed radius (40) of the flow channels (39) is formed at the spray openings (7). Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Bereich des zulaufseitigen Endes der Strömungskanäle (39) eine Kante (41) an den Erhebungen (36) ausgebildet ist.Fuel injection valve according to one of Claims 1 to 9,
characterized in that an edge (41) is formed on the elevations (36) in the region of the inlet-side end of the flow channels (39). Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kante (41) spitz zulaufend ausgebildet ist.Fuel injection valve according to claim 10,
characterized in that the edge (41) is tapered.
EP02010912A 2001-05-21 2002-05-16 Fuel injection valve Expired - Lifetime EP1260703B1 (en)

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DE2001124745 DE10124745A1 (en) 2001-05-21 2001-05-21 Fuel injector
DE10124745 2001-05-21

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EP1260703B1 (en) 2007-07-04
DE10124745A1 (en) 2003-03-27
DE50210406D1 (en) 2007-08-16

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