EP1252116A1 - Procede et dispositif pour l'expansion de matiere en fusion - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour l'expansion de matiere en fusion

Info

Publication number
EP1252116A1
EP1252116A1 EP01900033A EP01900033A EP1252116A1 EP 1252116 A1 EP1252116 A1 EP 1252116A1 EP 01900033 A EP01900033 A EP 01900033A EP 01900033 A EP01900033 A EP 01900033A EP 1252116 A1 EP1252116 A1 EP 1252116A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
foaming
foaming agent
atomizer
melt film
melt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01900033A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tjin Swan Oei
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mineralpor AG
Original Assignee
Mineralpor AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mineralpor AG filed Critical Mineralpor AG
Publication of EP1252116A1 publication Critical patent/EP1252116A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
    • B09B3/25—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using mineral binders or matrix
    • B09B3/29—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using mineral binders or matrix involving a melting or softening step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C11/00—Multi-cellular glass ; Porous or hollow glass or glass particles
    • C03C11/007—Foam glass, e.g. obtained by incorporating a blowing agent and heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B5/00—Treatment of  metallurgical  slag ; Artificial stone from molten  metallurgical  slag 
    • C04B5/06—Ingredients, other than water, added to the molten slag or to the granulating medium or before remelting; Treatment with gases or gas generating compounds, e.g. to obtain porous slag
    • C04B5/065—Porous slag

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for foaming molten materials according to the definition of the claims.
  • a first, widely used process first produces a special glass mixture in a glass melting furnace. After cooling and solidification, this glass mixture is finely ground, mixed with foaming agent, filled into molds and, in a second thermal step, reheated to temperatures in the region of the melting temperature of the glass, where the glass begins to foam by decomposition of the foaming agent. After cooling, a product is available that can be used in the construction industry, for example, for insulation purposes. The disadvantage of this process lies in the high production costs which result from the two necessary thermal process steps.
  • Another process known from the iron industry is based on the direct foaming of iron and steel slag from the melt.
  • the liquid slag is conducted, for example, together with water as a foaming agent in channels in which the water evaporates due to the high slag temperature and causes this slag to foam on its way through solidifying slag.
  • the disadvantage of this process is that it does not produce a really high-quality product with a uniform pore structure that can be used today by civil engineering and civil engineering.
  • sulfur reacts with water to form H 2 S, which severely limits the production and recycling of pumice.
  • a powdered foaming agent is distributed in a melt and an attempt is made to keep the foaming gases resulting from the foaming agent in the solidified product beyond the cooling phase.
  • the melt must be thin to stir in the * foaming agent, which results in high melting temperatures.
  • the main problem that needs to be solved is the fact that the foaming agent, especially at high melting temperatures, begins to form gases immediately after contact with the melt and then it Foaming agent is very difficult to add to a foam that forms. Ie a satisfactory one To achieve pore homogeneity with low density at the same time, the mixing process must be very quick and practically complete before gas formation. Such a delayed foaming has not been achievable with known foaming agents. Finally, stirring powdered foaming agents into a melt above 1200 ° C is still an unsolved technical problem.
  • Patent specification DE 22 06 448 describes a method which is to be regarded as the closest prior art for the present invention.
  • a melt is atomized and a foaming agent is added to the melt drop mist thus produced.
  • a gaseous atomizing agent under pressure for example air or water vapor, is used for the atomization.
  • the atomized melt is sprayed onto a horizontal belt on which it foams upon contact with the foaming agent.
  • the object of the present invention is to develop a method in which a foam can be foamed directly from a melt, the product has good pore homogeneity and is produced with little effort.
  • the process should be able to be carried out with a device in which the aforementioned disadvantages such as: a plurality of thermal process steps, an uneven pore structure of the product, a process-related fluctuation in the product quality, handling (handling) of melted products under pressure and at high temperatures, stirring Powdery blowing agent at high temperature can be avoided.
  • This process should be able to be carried out using common working techniques and should be able to be integrated into known systems.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically the exemplary process variant with a device for atomizing and mixing molten material with foaming agent and foaming the mixture.
  • FIG. 2 shows part of a first embodiment of a device according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows part of a further embodiment of a device according to FIG. 1.
  • two solutions can be used to atomize molten material at high temperatures, namely atomization by means of an atomizer using the centrifugal force or atomization with an atomizing agent such as compressed air, steam or liquids, for example using two-substance F nozzles.
  • the present invention is based on the first of these two solutions, ie on atomizing molten material using the centrifugal force.
  • molten material 1 is dosed from a storage container 10.
  • the storage container is, for example, a melting unit or a bricked-up material container with an opening 12 for the molten material to flow out.
  • Slag for example steelworks slag, blast furnace slag or slag from incineration plants, is advantageously used as the molten material.
  • Other molten or high-melting materials such as glass can of course also be used in the context of the present invention.
  • the molten material advantageously contains oxides that can be reduced by carbon and release gases such as CO 2 or CO.
  • a stream of material flowing out of the storage container is processed in a first step into a melt with a high surface area.
  • the molten material flows as continuously as possible onto an atomizer 13.
  • the atomizer is any body.
  • the atomizer in the form of a disk, a roller, etc.
  • the atomizer " * is a horizontally rotating disk, for example 1 m in diameter.
  • the outflowing stream of material can be easily directed onto a pane of this size. Due to the high centrifugal forces that prevail on the disk, the molten material located on the disk is processed into a thin melt film 6, for example 0.5-1 mm thick, with a large outer surface.
  • the atomizer can be heated or cooled so as to adjust the viscosity of the melt film by varying the temperature of the atomizer.
  • the setting and control of the temperature of this melt film within a material melting range takes place, for example, by supplying heat, for example by means of additives such as heating gas.
  • radiation insulation of the entire device can be provided in order to avoid cooling too quickly.
  • the atomizer can also be heated separately, for example by means of a burner directly onto the melt film. If cooling is required, for example because the molten material is too high a temperature, this can be done very simply by means of additives such as water or air. This is done by adding it to the molten material and / or by cooling the atomizer separately, for example by cooling the rear of the atomizer. All of these temperature controls are easy to perform and adaptable to different large melting ranges of different materials used. In principle, the larger the melting range of the material used, the easier it is to carry out the method according to the invention.
  • a foaming agent 3 is metered onto an atomizer.
  • a powdery, fine-grained foaming agent is metered onto the disk according to FIG. 1 via a metering device 24 and mixed into the melt film due to the prevailing centrifugal forces.
  • All those substances that generate gases by excitation can be used as foaming agents.
  • Such an excitation for the generation of gases can take place in a variety of ways. For example. it is carried out by heating the foaming agent in direct contact with the molten material or by thermal decomposition of the foaming agent (e.g. CaCOj) or by chemical reaction with the molten material (e.g. according to a reaction (C + ⁇ fyC -. ⁇ 2FeO + CO (g)).
  • foaming agent for steelworks slag with a melting temperature above 1200 ° C
  • conventional ground limestone comes into question, which breaks down into CaO and gaseous CO2 at approx. 850 ° C.
  • foaming agent is metered into the melt film in small concentrations. Such metering takes place, for example, at a concentration of approximately 1% (1-10 g of foaming agent per 1 kg of molten material) in the melt film.
  • the foaming agent advantageously contains carbon so that 0.2-2 g of carbon is metered into 1 kg of molten material.
  • the foaming agent can be introduced evenly into the surface of the melt film, so that an arbitrarily intimate mixture of the two media is achieved. There is no local overdosing of foaming agent with local formation of larger bubbles, as when mixing foaming agent into a melt drop mist. According to the present process variant, a very homogeneous foaming agent distribution in the molten material can be achieved in a simple manner.
  • this thin film of molten material and added / mixed in foaming agent is flung out over the edge of the pane and torn into fine drops.
  • the foaming agent can also be admixed only after the melt film has been removed from the atomizer, but under the condition that the film produced is still in the form of lamellae and has not yet dissolved in individual drops. Otherwise, similar problems arise as when atomizing with a melt droplet mist, in which a part of the foaming agent has to penetrate the mist, contacting melt drops and reacting and being deposited in the mist when in contact with heat.
  • the mixture of foaming agent on a melt film with a large surface is very effective, only a little foaming agent is lost, which leads to a substantial saving in foaming agent.
  • the person skilled in the art is free to choose from a wide variety of variations. For example. it is possible to apply the foaming agent separately to an atomizer. Using an atomizer according to FIG. 1, the centrifugal force exerted on the melt finely divides the melt and the foaming agent and hurls them outwards over the edge of the disk. The fine drops of melt and mixed in foaming agent are collected on a foaming surface 15 and processed into a mixture 4 of molten material and foaming agent.
  • the foaming surface is any curved or flat surface.
  • the foaming surface is the inner wall of a pipe.
  • the foaming surface is the vertical inner wall of a heat-resistant hollow cylinder.
  • This hollow cylinder forms a kind of reaction chamber. It can be funnel-shaped upwards or downwards. It can also be thermally insulated or heated in order to increase or decrease the flow rate of the mixture of molten material and foaming agent on the pipe wall. This also prevents heat losses to the outside with inhomogeneous pore formation.
  • FIG. 2 shows part of the embodiment of an atomizer of the device according to FIG. 1.
  • a support of the melt film formation (and to prevent such drop formation) is carried out by attaching at least one concentrically, raised steps 8 on the atomizer, respectively. the disc surface.
  • the molten material is applied, for example, to the atomizer at a central position I in FIGS. 2 and 3 and is delimited there by at least one step.
  • the foaming agent is metered in, for example, at an outer position II in FIGS. 2 and 3. Since the melt has to overcome at least one step, it can be processed on the vertical wall of the step by centrifugal force without the possibility of escape to form a thin film with a large surface.
  • Silicon carbide SiC can be used as the foaming agent for foaming glass or slags. This reacts with oxides of the melt and forms gaseous CO or CO2.
  • the melt contains the reactant (here F ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ) to the foaming agent, but in insufficient quantities.
  • the reactant here F ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3
  • the foaming agent contains blast furnace slag practically no F ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 . This must then be added to the melt if the above reaction is to take place.
  • the disk can also be used as a mixer for not only mixing in the foaming agent but also for mixing in at least one further reaction agent.
  • a powdery reactant such as F ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3, for example, is applied to the melt film produced (position H in FIGS. 2 and 3) 3), and then the foaming agent is metered into the melt / Fe2 ⁇ 3 mixture (position KI in FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • the further reactant is admixed to the melt at one stage of the disk, for example.
  • enough reactant is metered in so that the mixture to be foamed contains 2-20% F ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3.
  • the dosing points are arranged as follows from the inside of the pane: melt, F ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3, foaming agent.
  • FIG. 3 shows part of a second embodiment of an atomizer of the device according to FIG. 1.
  • at least one concentric groove 9, which is open towards the center of rotation is provided at a concentric step of the Rotation disc attached.
  • This groove will fill with melt and increase the dwell time of the melt on the disc. Due to the radial movement of the melt on an inlet part 20 to the groove, a turbulent flow with an intensive mixing effect is formed within the groove, whereby the F ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 is ideally mixed with the melt and melted.
  • Such a device can save a previous, additional mixing unit for mixing the melt and F ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 .
  • the material foam cools down, solidifies and is collected, for example, in a collecting container.
  • a continuously running belt can be used, which is cooled if necessary, or coated with a heat-resistant coating or covered with a constantly new protective material such as sand.
  • Such a conveyor belt enables the foamed melt to be transported away continuously.
  • a wide range of further processing options are open to the expert. This makes it possible to produce more or less large, irregularly shaped pieces of foam material.
  • it is also possible to regularize the material foam To grasp shapes and to process them into material foam sheets, for example.
  • the material foam can then be processed into insulating bricks, for example.
  • the pore structure of the material foam can be adjusted in a controlled manner by simply adjusting the ratios of material particles to the foaming agent and the prevailing temperatures and Temperaturgradie ⁇ ten are other parameters for the controlled production of foam material with a uniform pore structure.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour l'expansion de matières en fusion (1). Selon l'invention, ladite matière est traitée pour former un film de matière en fusion (6) dans lequel est ensuite introduit un agent d'expansion (3), puis ce film est pulvérisé par l'intermédiaire d'un pulvérisateur (13) et appliqué sous forme de mélange (4) sur une surface d'expansion (15), où le mélange subit une expansion et se transforme en mousse (5).
EP01900033A 2000-02-02 2001-01-10 Procede et dispositif pour l'expansion de matiere en fusion Withdrawn EP1252116A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2032000 2000-02-02
CH2032000 2000-02-02
PCT/IB2001/000011 WO2001056943A1 (fr) 2000-02-02 2001-01-10 Procede et dispositif pour l'expansion de matiere en fusion

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1252116A1 true EP1252116A1 (fr) 2002-10-30

Family

ID=4443581

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01900033A Withdrawn EP1252116A1 (fr) 2000-02-02 2001-01-10 Procede et dispositif pour l'expansion de matiere en fusion

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20030097857A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1252116A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004508255A (fr)
AU (1) AU2001222136A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001056943A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7444838B2 (en) * 2003-10-30 2008-11-04 Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. Holey optical fiber with random pattern of holes and method for making same
US9382671B2 (en) 2006-02-17 2016-07-05 Andrew Ungerleider Foamed glass composite material and a method for using the same
US9376344B2 (en) * 2006-02-17 2016-06-28 Earthstone International, Llc Foamed glass ceramic composite materials and a method for producing the same
US10435177B2 (en) 2006-02-17 2019-10-08 Earthstone International Llc Foamed glass composite arrestor beds having predetermined failure modes
EP3154860B1 (fr) 2014-06-11 2021-06-30 Earthstone International, LLC Méthode de ralentissement d'un avion dépassant la piste d'atterrissage, préparation d'un système d'immobilisation pour aéroports et aire de sécurité pour piste d'atterrissage

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3133820A (en) * 1959-04-07 1964-05-19 Johns Manville Process for making foamed ceramic products
US3059455A (en) * 1959-08-20 1962-10-23 Dow Chemical Co Method of making light weight aggregate
LU77145A1 (fr) * 1977-04-15 1979-01-18
US4303433A (en) * 1978-08-28 1981-12-01 Torobin Leonard B Centrifuge apparatus and method for producing hollow microspheres
CA1135466A (fr) * 1978-09-21 1982-11-16 Leonard B. Torobin Centrifugeur et methode de production de microspheres creuses
GB2249088A (en) * 1990-10-03 1992-04-29 Shearn Matthew Bruce Hollow sphere or foam containing an internal coating and vacuum
GB9316767D0 (en) * 1993-08-12 1993-09-29 Davy Mckee Stockton Slag granulation
CA2207780C (fr) * 1997-06-13 2003-07-29 National Slag Limited Procede de fabrication de laitier expanse

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0156943A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2001222136A1 (en) 2001-08-14
US20030097857A1 (en) 2003-05-29
WO2001056943A1 (fr) 2001-08-09
JP2004508255A (ja) 2004-03-18

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