EP1251756B1 - Handcovering and method of manufacture - Google Patents

Handcovering and method of manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1251756B1
EP1251756B1 EP01925325A EP01925325A EP1251756B1 EP 1251756 B1 EP1251756 B1 EP 1251756B1 EP 01925325 A EP01925325 A EP 01925325A EP 01925325 A EP01925325 A EP 01925325A EP 1251756 B1 EP1251756 B1 EP 1251756B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
handcovering
anyone
outer material
insert
adhesive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01925325A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1251756A2 (en
Inventor
Martin Hottner
Ulrich Spindler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WL Gore and Associates GmbH
WL Gore and Associates Inc
Original Assignee
WL Gore and Associates GmbH
WL Gore and Associates Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by WL Gore and Associates GmbH, WL Gore and Associates Inc filed Critical WL Gore and Associates GmbH
Publication of EP1251756A2 publication Critical patent/EP1251756A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1251756B1 publication Critical patent/EP1251756B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D19/00—Gloves
    • A41D19/04—Appliances for making gloves; Measuring devices for glove-making
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D19/00—Gloves
    • A41D19/0006—Gloves made of several layers of material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D19/00—Gloves
    • A41D19/001—Linings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D2600/00—Uses of garments specially adapted for specific purposes
    • A41D2600/10—Uses of garments specially adapted for specific purposes for sport activities
    • A41D2600/102—Motorcycling

Definitions

  • This invention relates to handcovering or handwear, such as gloves or mittens, comprising an outer protective layer and a waterproof inner insert layer.
  • these inserts usually consist of two counter equal, flat pieces of the functional layer or laminate which are sealed along the edge.
  • the pattern has the shape of a two dimensional oversized hand.
  • Gloves comprising a shell and an insert that contains a functional layer are known.
  • the said two dimensional pattern of the insert can not be brought into the three-dimensional shape of the glove shell without being folded somehow. In insulated gloves this is a minor problem since the additional insulation between the functional insert and the in this case thick cloth lining prevents the wearer from perceiving the folds.
  • US-A-5 442 818 in which a three-dimensional shaped lining inside and a two dimensional, folded up insert made out of a laminate are joined in a "slip-proof" fashion with an adhesive thus leading to a three-dimensional inner glove.
  • the folds of the two dimensional insert between the cloth lining and the shell are tolerated by covering them behind a three-dimensional shaped sewn lining.
  • the system does not solve the problem of bulkiness and of high resistances for heat and moisture transfer. This is due to the many layers which are created by the still existing insert folds.
  • US-A-5 244 716 is another patent that describes a two-layered material, namely a puckered functional or barrier layer adhered to a second extendable fabric layer, which two-layered material is then secured to an outer extendable fabric layer with an adhesive.
  • the fabric layer is stretchable and is adhered in a manner that results in bunching up of the functional layer. This results in unnecessary thickness of the compounded layers. Hence, the resistance to heat and moisture transfere is not minimized.
  • the added insulation value has even been mentioned by US-A-5 244 716 as benefit which is only true when insulation is a wished property of the glove (page 13 line 28ff). Also, the elasticity of the wrinkles combined with the thickness of the wrinkled layer reduces the tactility perceivably.
  • US-A-5 244 716 claims non elastic glove shells made e.g. from leather.
  • the shell has to be drawn over a flat two dimensional former, which is formed in a way that requires extreme elasticity of the shell since the opening of the glove needs to streched to fit over the wider fingerpart (page 47 line 3 ff).
  • This is an inherent problem of the procedure and can not be solved by a change of the flat two dimensional former since the added circumferences of the fingers are larger than the circumference of the hand in the palm area and, therefore, the former has always to be wider at the fingers than at the palm area to completely stretch the whole glove, which is in the described procedure necessary to be able to adhere the glove over the complete surface.
  • US-A-5 740 551 considered to represent the closest prior art for claims 1 and 23 discloses a multi-layered glove comprising an outer shell made of a knit material allowing for ample stretch, a cotton inner layer insert sized to fit to the correct size of the wearer's hand, and therebetween an oversized intermediate barrier insert having a gas permeable, liquid impermeable functional layer.
  • a dummy hand is used for the assembly of the glove. First, the inner insert is positioned on the dummy hand. Next the barrier insert is placed on the dummy hand over the inner insert. Finally the outer shell is stretched and pulled on top of the two layers.
  • WO-A-97/16082 discloses a manufacturing apparatus according to the preamble of Claim 43.
  • a handcovering comprising: an outer material part or outer shell that is substantially non-elastic, e.g. made from such materials as leather or woven fabrics, and an inner part or inner glove insert adhered to the shell.
  • the inner glove insert comprises a functional layer that is water vapor permeable and waterproof, the inner glove insert being substantially free of folds in the whole glove and having substantially no bunching of the functional layer, preferably no bunching at all.
  • the invention provides a handcovering with an outer material part and with an inner part, wherein the inner part is composed of a stretchable laminate which comprises a waterproof functional layer permeable to water vapor and a textile layer and which comprises an outer face; the outer material part has a three-dimensional shape corresponding to a hand and a correspondingly three-dimensional inner face; the inner part is stretched into the three-dimensional inner face of the outer material part in such a way that essentialiy the entire outer face of the inner part rests against the inner face of the outer material part; essentially the entire outer face of the inner part is bonded essentially to the entire inner face of the outer material part; and the outer material part is composed of an essentially inelastic outer material which is capable of absorbing restoring forces of the laminate which are caused by the stretching of the inner part.
  • the invention also provides a method for producing handcovering with an outer material part and with an inner part, having the following method steps:
  • the handcovering is prepared by providing a laminate of the functional layer, e.g., porous PTFE film, that has preferably been treated on one surface with a polyurethane that,is nonporous but which allows passage through it of water molecules, and a cloth lining laminated on the film.
  • the laminate can optionally have a protective textile backing.
  • the laminate is stretchable to a greater size.
  • the cloth lining and the protective backing can be any textile or foam, e.g. made of polyurethane or polyester.
  • the cloth lining and the protective textile backing will comprise a knit.
  • the cloth lining and the protective textile backing may be made of a polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, viscose, cotton or blends of one or more of these materials.
  • two such laminates are superimposed and then sealed at an outline that is in the shape of a mitten or glove and then cut around the periphery to form a hand covering insert.
  • the shape can be undersized in certain hand areas.
  • the adhesive is then applied to each outer surface of the insert.
  • the adhesive can be applied in dot fashion, as a web or continuously.
  • the adhesive can alternatively be applied on the laminate before the insert is sealed.
  • the insert is then placed inside an outer shell and heat is applied to cause the adhesive to adhere the insert to the inside of the shell by the means of a heated thumb form and a heated four finger hand form. It is usually preferred to heat the thumb portions first in order to secure the insert and the shell in the right position to one another and to prevent slippage as the procedure is carried out. Due to the three-dimensional shape of the shell, the insert is stretched in some areas to conform to the three-dimensional shape of the shell, and the two dimensional insert is reshaped into the three-dimensional shape of the shell substantially without folds being formed, and then the insert is adhered in this shape to the glove shell. Once initial adherence is obtained on the whole inner surface, air can be supplied to the interior to a) to press the insert firmly against the shell, b) cool the adhesive and c) to remove the glove from the heated handform without much friction.
  • the handwear or handcovering is in the form of a glove or a mitten.
  • the handwear or handcovering is in the form of an insulated glove or mitten or in the form of a thin, non-insulated glove.
  • the outer material shell of the handwear and the insert containing the functional layer are directly adhered in a way that reshapes the two dimensional insert by stretching into the three-dimensional form of the shell and thus avoiding folds and bunching.
  • the described direct adherence of the shell and the outer side of the functional layer insert to form a glove or mitten prevents the presence of an air layer which can act as a water vapor barrier between the shell and the functional layer insert. Furthermore the minimization of the number of layers ensures a minimum of insulation and a maximum of dexterity. For that and for better stretchability or elongation the functional layer may be directly adhered to the shell material without a protective textile backing.
  • a compounded layer of the whole glove according to the invention comprising of the regular shell component layer, the adhesive, and the functional insert laminate layer, has a water vapor transmission resistance Ret of less than 35 (m 2 *Pa)/W or even, in the case of a preferred embodiment, of less than 15 (m 2 *Pa)/W, depending on the choice of material with regard to outer material and lining material.
  • the adhering of the shell to the insert can be effected either with adhesive which has been applied in continuous form, i.e., over the whole area, or with adhesive which has been applied discontinuously, i.e. with gaps of >50 % of the surface area.
  • the adhesive can be applied most conveniently to the outer surfaces of the insert.
  • Water-vapor-permeable adhesive is used in the case of a continuous adhesive layer being applied.
  • a discontinuous adhesive layer for example applied in powder, dot, grid or web form, it is possible to use an adhesive that is not water-vapor-permeable. Water vapor permeability is maintained through the area of the insert not covered by the adhesive.
  • the shell for the glove or mitten of the invention can suitably be, for example, leather or textile sheet materials.
  • Textile sheet materials can be, for example, wovens, knits, nonwovens or felt. These textile sheet materials can be formed from natural fiber, for example cotton or viscose, or from synthetic fiber such as polyester, polyamides, polypropylene or polyolefins, or of blends of at least two of these materials.
  • Such outer materials are normally water permeable and water vapor permeable. To render them water resistant they can be hydrophobicized by treating the shell with a water-repellent material in such a way that the pores of the outer material remain open for water vapor transport.
  • the adhesive is preferably heat activated and may be selected from a copolyamide, copolyester, polyester polyurethane, polyolefine, polyamide or a polyurethane adhesive, for example such as a reactive polyurethane adhesive, and also mixtures of polyester urethane and polyurethane.
  • the adhesive may have a melting point in the range of 50 to 130° C.
  • the functional material can be any waterproof, breathable material such as porous polyethylene, polyurethane and the like.
  • it will be a laminate of a porous polytetrafluoroethylene layer adhered to a cloth lining which feels comfortable on the skin.
  • the porous polytetrafluoroethylene is preferably expanded polytetrafluoroethylene prepared as described in US-A- 3 953 566 and preferably will have a coating of polyurethane that is nonporous but which transports water vapor molecules by molecular transportation. Such a combination is described in US-A-4 194 041. This combination is adhered to an appropriate textile layer which serves to protect the porous polytetrafluoroethylene layer.
  • the lamination of the insert into the shell is done in a way that prevents wrinkling and bunching of the functional layer.
  • the resulting laminate must have a stretchability in at least one direction of at least 30% and preferably 40% in order to allow stretching of the laminate into a three-dimensional shape corresponding the shape of a hand. Preferably the stretchability is in both directions and is more than 40 %.
  • the laminate must maintain its waterproofness and water vapor permeability in the stretched condition. To keep the forces for deformation during the stretching and adhering of the insert into the shell low a flat stress strain curve of the laminate ( ⁇ 30 N/5cm (i.e. related to a sample having a width of 5 cm) for 30 % elongation in at least one direction) is necessary.
  • Figure 11 depicts srain characteristics in relation to stress of a sample piece cut from a GORE-TEX® insert having a length (seen in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the insert fingers) of 20 cm, a width of 5 cm, and comprising a layer of ePTFE (expanded polytetrafluorethylene) and a textile layer of a multifilament polyester knit fabric.
  • the insert material has a weight of 100g/m 2 and the textile layer thereof has a weight of 70g/m 2 .
  • the sample piece was stressed in its length direction.
  • the shell is composed of an essentially inelastic outer material which is capable of absorbing restoring forces of the laminate caused by the stretching of the insert. It can easily be tested whether the outer material of handcovering of the present invention had absorbed restoring forces:
  • the finished handcovering is heated to such an extent that the adhesive bonding the insert to the shell liquefies.
  • the shell has absorbed restoring forces if the insert separates from the shell upon liquefaction of the adhesive. Such separation will be detectable in particular in the regions of the finger roots and the thumb back of the handcovering where the three-dimensional shape of the handcovering mostly differs from the two-dimensional shape of a not stretched insert.
  • the insert is formed by superimposing two laminates 11 and tracing a pattern 10 in the shape of a hand.
  • the two patterns are then sealed around the periphery 20 as shown in Figure 2, leaving opening 21 for insertion of a hand. Sealing along the contour can be carried out by applying adhesive, heat and pressure.
  • the sealed shapes are then cut from the laminate patterns.
  • Suitable adhesives include IPATHERM adhesives from H.B.Fuller, ESTANE, TEXIN, PELLETHANE or MORTHANE adhesives.
  • Representative adhesives include a copolyethylene terephthalate, a copolyamide, or a polyurethane.
  • the insert so formed can then be treated with adhesive on its two outer surfaces as described above, to ready the insert for insertion in a shell.
  • the adhesive is depicted as raised dots 30 on the surface of insert 31.
  • the insert is then moved in the direction of the arrow into shell 32.
  • the adhesive is heat activatable and is activated either by direct heat, microwave or infra-red.
  • Figure 4 depicts a cutaway view of the finished handcovering comprising a shell 40 and an insert 41 which are shown in an "exploded view.”
  • the insert is adhered to the shell.
  • the insert 41 is shown as comprising a functional layer 42, a textile layer 43 and a seam 44 formed by two abutting shell pieces depicted as 44 in which the joining is achieved by stitching 45.
  • Element 46 depicts the adhesive dots that adhere the shell and the insert.
  • the outer surface of the insert will abut the inner surface of the shell so that there will be no space to speak of between the shell and the insert. In other words the raised dots in Figure 4 will be flattened in the final product.
  • Figure 5 depicts a shell 50 and an insert 52, insert 52 being in placement for insertion of insert 52 into shell 50.
  • adhesive 53 is applied in grid form to the outer surface of insert 52.
  • Shell 50 comprises a shell gauntlet 54, a shell thumb 56 and shell fingers 56.
  • Shell 50 has a three-dimensional shape.
  • Insert 52 comprises an insert gauntlet 60, an insert thumb 62 and insert fingers 64. Before insertion into shell 50, insert 52 has a two-dimensional shape.
  • Insert gauntlet 60 is free of adhesive so that gauntlets 54 and 60 will not be bonded by adhesive to each other.
  • the heat for activating the adhesive is applied by the means of three dimensonal heated forms, preferable rigid and most preferable made of metal.
  • a first form 66 depicted in Figure 6 has a thumb part 68 having a thumblike shape and a second form 70 shown in Figure 7 has a finger part 71 having a shape like the remaining hand with four fingers but without thumb. In the case of a mitten the fingers need not to be formed out.
  • the size of forms 66 and 70 must be in accordance with the glove to be produced. The split of the form into two, the thumb and rest, is necessary to be able to don a glove shell, which has no or very poor elasticity, on such a tight fitting form.
  • insert 52 is put into place in outer glove shell 50 in a manner that all insert fingers 64 are in the respective finger 58 of shell 50.
  • Shell 50 and insert 52 together are then pulled on the two forms 66 and 70 subsequently, being a thumb form 66 and a four finger hand form 70. It is preferred to adhere and fix the thumb area first to anchor the insert 52 and shell 50 during subsequent steps. Heat is then applied to the rest of the combination to adhere insert 52 to shell 50.
  • the two dimensional insert 52 is stretched into the three-dimensional shape of the form 66, 70 and in this shape is adhered to the glove shell 50. Since the glove shell 50 sits tight on the form 66, 70, the insert 52 is now in the basic shape of the glove 72 and fixed therein.
  • the forms have a switchable air supply at 75 and 77, respectively.
  • the air is switched on after the adhesive 53 has been activated to cool the activated adhesive 53, to force the insert 52 firmly against the shell 50, which forms the insert exactly after the glove shell 50 and to remove the glove 72 from the form 66, 70 without friction.
  • laminate with a flat stress strain curve, a special designed insert pattern and a pressure of up to 0.3 bar a deformation of the insert 52 is reachable which allows a substantially foldfree fixation of the insert 52 inside the glove shell 50.
  • the insert 52 keeps sustainingly the three-dimensional shape of the glove 72 finally since recovery forces, which tend to pull the insert 52 back into its original shape, are taken over by the glove shell 50.
  • forms 66 and 70 comprise electrical connectors 78 and 80, respectively, for supplying electric heating power to electric heating elements 82 and 84, arranged on or within the respective one of forms 66 and 70.
  • Figure 8 depicts a finished glove 72 with a part of the glove being cut away to expose interior portions of the finished glove 72, namely a part of insert finger 64, adhesive 53 discontinuously applied to the outer surface of insert 52, and outer shell 50 of glove 72.
  • the finger parts and the hand parts of shell 50 and insert 52 are firmly bonded together, in the embodiment shown by means of dotlike applied adhesive, whereas the shell gauntlet 54 and the insert gauntlet 60 are loosely adjacent to each other.
  • Figure 9 depicts a cross section of a glove finger 73 along section line IX - IX in Figure 8.
  • the shell finger 58 of glove finger 73 consists of four pieces 74 of shell material connected by means of seams 75.
  • Insert finger 64 of glove finger 73 is composed of two pieces of laminate 11 (Figure 1) comprising functional layer 42 and textile layer 43 and being sealed around the finger periphery by sealing seams 76 (20 in Figure 2).
  • Figure 1 By stretching the originally two-dimensional laminate material of insert finger 64 into the three-dimensional shell finger 58 and bonding the outer surface of insert finger 64 to the inner surface of shell finger 58 by the adhesive 53, insert finger 64 keeps the three-dimensional shape of shell finger 58 so that insert finger 64 remains substantially free of folds.
  • Figure 10 depicts the layered structure of finished glove 72 by means of an magnified portion of the cross section of Figure 9 encircled at X.
  • insert 52 comprising functional layer 42 and textile layer 43 is bonded to shell 50 by means of adhesive 53.
  • waterproof By the term waterproof is meant that the material under investigation and the welded or sealed area is able to withstand a water ingress pressure of more than 0.05 bar. Preferably, the material can withstand a water pressure of more than 1 bar.
  • the measurement is carried out by exposing a 100 cm 2 sample of the material under investigation to a rising water pressure. For this purpose, distilled water having a temperature of 20 ⁇ 2°C is used. The rise in the water pressure is 60 ⁇ 3 cm H 2 O/min. The water ingress pressure of the sample is that pressure at which water passes through the opposite side of the sample. The exact method for carrying out this test is described in the 1981 ISO Standard No. 811.
  • Waterproof as used herein for the glove insert is meant having textile laminates with a water penetration resistance of 0.07 bar or more and whose seams have a penetration resistance of 0.07 bar or more.
  • the waterproofness of the glove insert can be measured using the "Whole Glove Leak Tester" apparatus disclosed in US-A-4 776 209 (Patchell) assigned to W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc., in which air at pressure of between 0.07 bar and 0.35 bar is admitted into the inside of a glove insert disposed in a water tank.
  • the term water vapor permeable as used herein is defined via the water vapor transmission resistance Ret of the material so designated.
  • the Ret is a specific material property of sheet-like structures or composites, which determines the "latent" evaporation heat flux through a given area in consequence of an existing steady-state partial pressure gradient.
  • the Ret is defined in German Standard DIN EN 31 092 of February 1994, corresponding to International Standard ISO 11 092, and is expressed in m 2 *Pa/W (square meters Pascal per watt).
  • a measuring head is employed having a temperature of 35°C at a relative humidity of air of 40%, with an air speed being adjusted to 1 m/s.
  • the water vapor transmission resistance is measured using the Hohenstein skin model test, which is described in standard test method Ne. BPI 1.4 of September 1987 of Be reliesphysio striges Institut e.V. Hohenstein.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Gloves (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
EP01925325A 2000-02-02 2001-02-02 Handcovering and method of manufacture Expired - Lifetime EP1251756B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10004355A DE10004355A1 (de) 2000-02-02 2000-02-02 Handschuh
DE10004355 2000-02-02
PCT/EP2001/001124 WO2001056415A2 (en) 2000-02-02 2001-02-02 Handcovering

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1251756A2 EP1251756A2 (en) 2002-10-30
EP1251756B1 true EP1251756B1 (en) 2004-09-15

Family

ID=7629456

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01925325A Expired - Lifetime EP1251756B1 (en) 2000-02-02 2001-02-02 Handcovering and method of manufacture

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1251756B1 (es)
JP (1) JP2003532802A (es)
CN (1) CN1243493C (es)
AT (1) ATE275837T1 (es)
AU (1) AU2001252122A1 (es)
DE (2) DE10004355A1 (es)
ES (1) ES2223825T3 (es)
WO (1) WO2001056415A2 (es)

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ITMI20061700A1 (it) * 2006-09-06 2008-03-07 Nextec Srl Procedimento e dispositivo per fabbricare guanti e simili
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EP2620066B1 (de) * 2012-01-24 2014-10-22 A.S.M.I. Technologies a.s. Mit wasserabweisender und atmungsaktiver Menbran nahtlos beschichtetes Handschuhinsert und das Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
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CN107252153A (zh) * 2017-08-01 2017-10-17 刘烈新 一种防水、防污高性能薄膜套
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023034285A1 (en) * 2021-08-31 2023-03-09 Bakner Manufacturing, Llc Multiple layer glove and method of manufacture

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DE60105551T2 (de) 2005-09-29
DE60105551D1 (de) 2004-10-21
AU2001252122A1 (en) 2001-08-14
WO2001056415A3 (en) 2001-12-27
ES2223825T3 (es) 2005-03-01
JP2003532802A (ja) 2003-11-05
WO2001056415A2 (en) 2001-08-09
ATE275837T1 (de) 2004-10-15
CN1243493C (zh) 2006-03-01
DE10004355A1 (de) 2001-08-23
CN1396810A (zh) 2003-02-12
EP1251756A2 (en) 2002-10-30

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