EP1249559B1 - Method and apparatus for applying a mortar coating on standing building wall elements as well as corresponding building wall elements - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for applying a mortar coating on standing building wall elements as well as corresponding building wall elements Download PDFInfo
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- EP1249559B1 EP1249559B1 EP02007948A EP02007948A EP1249559B1 EP 1249559 B1 EP1249559 B1 EP 1249559B1 EP 02007948 A EP02007948 A EP 02007948A EP 02007948 A EP02007948 A EP 02007948A EP 1249559 B1 EP1249559 B1 EP 1249559B1
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- plaster
- formwork
- wall
- plastered
- flow
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
- E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for applying a plaster coating to a stationary wall component according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the prefabricated industry offers wall construction elements for both residential construction and industrial construction.
- the elements are delivered in various sizes from the element factory to the construction sites, where they are assembled and plastered.
- a primer and a fine plaster must be applied.
- Wall elements are often cast in concrete or lightweight concrete in the element factory. Another very efficient manufacturing process is the mortaring of common bricks. Both methods are suitable to manufacture elements in almost any size. In particular, when creating masonry openings for windows and doors can be cut out in a simple manner.
- wall components can already be plastered by the manufacturer. The time-consuming plastering on the construction site, except for the joints between the individual elements, is then no longer necessary.
- the production and simultaneous plastering of wall elements made of concrete takes place in the elemental plants in a horizontal formwork, in the first a thin layer of light plaster, then a layer of concrete and finally a usually 1 centimeter thick plaster layer is given.
- the upper layer of plaster must then be processed in several complex operations in order to achieve a vertical and smooth surface.
- the German Offenlegungsschrift DE-OS 2 316 744 relates to a method for producing plaster ceilings or walls and a corresponding device, wherein a dense and smooth formwork is mounted at a defined distance from the ceiling or wall and is poured over or poured over with a flowable plaster building material.
- a dense and smooth formwork is mounted at a defined distance from the ceiling or wall and is poured over or poured over with a flowable plaster building material.
- ceilings or walls that are part of an existing building are plastered.
- the German Offenlegungsschrift DE 196 42 376 A1 relates to a method for producing plastered walls of buildings, in which at least one inner side of a formwork an insulation board or plaster base is placed under attachment to a Baustahl- or reinforcing mat of the insulation board or plaster base and a wall building material is poured into the formwork, wherein between the insulation board or plaster base plate and the inside of the formwork, a spacer plate is placed before the wall construction material is poured into the formwork, and wherein after the casting and setting of the wall construction material, the spacer plate is pulled out of the formwork and in the thus released space between the insulation board or plaster base and the inside of the formwork is poured a wall plaster.
- a wall element is first produced in situ in the context of an overall construction, which is then subsequently applied after removal of the spacer plates with a wall plaster.
- the attachment of the insulation boards by means of mild steel or reinforcing mats to the wall elements in a separate step, so that the insulation boards are directly attached to the wall elements themselves and are acted upon on their side facing away from the wall elements outside with the plaster.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to allow the application of a plaster coating on standing wall components in the elemental work in a simple manner.
- the solution of the problem by the invention consists in a method for applying a plaster coating on standing wall components according to claim 1; Further, advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention are the subject of the method subclaims (claims 2 to 9).
- a flow plaster i. a mortar of flowable consistency, given until the space is evenly filled with it.
- Such mortars used here as flowable plasters are e.g. Modified potting and grouting mortar and modifications of the known soil leveling compounds. Uniform means that the flow-coating layer is distributed throughout the entire element and has little air bubbles.
- the wall element After drying the plaster and after removing the formwork, the wall element can be directly painted or papered. The surface thus requires no further processing, as is the case in particular in the case of the known from the prior art lying plaster of cast concrete elements.
- the formwork and / or the wall element is or will be shaken in addition, until the flow plaster forms a layer of uniform thickness.
- the shaking has in addition to its plaster-compacting effect the advantage that any air bubbles in the intermediate space flow smoothing compound can escape more easily.
- the surface to be plastered is usually one side of the element core, namely the later inside or outside of the wall.
- the surface to be plastered may be the side of a masonry, ie, mortared stones, or a concrete slab.
- the surface to be plastered is already applied to the top of the element core in any way first layer of plaster. This is for example then the case, if for the later outdoor area of the building on a primer layer still fine plaster is to be applied. In this case, therefore, the flow-plaster layer would form the outer plaster layer, ie the outer plaster layer.
- the standing wall element is switched on both sides, so that the element is plastered after drying of the filled on both sides flow plaster and after removal of the formwork both on the later inside as well as on the outside.
- the formwork can then, for example, consist of a single formwork frame enclosing the entire element core, which has the height of the element and whose respective opposite sides are parallel to one another. It is also conceivable that the formwork consists of several arranged around the core formwork walls, wherein the two walls respectively facing each other should also be parallel to each other, or that only one side of the core is turned on. In any case, between the formwork wall or frame and the surface to be plastered, a gap for the mortar must remain free. Seals, e.g.
- the distance between the surface to be plastered and the inside of the formwork should also be adjustable. It can be 1 to 10 millimeters, in particular 3 to 4 millimeters. In this way, different plaster thicknesses can be realized, which already have without finishing the final thickness and surface finish.
- the other dimensions such as length and width of the formwork can vary to cover different masonry.
- the additional shaking of the formwork and / or the wall element by means of a vibrator.
- This ensures that formwork inside and to be coated Surface swing back and forth relative to each other, whereby the plaster located in the intermediate space is compressed and pressed against the wall component.
- the formwork perform the shaking movement and the element be immovable, or the formwork is fixed and the element moves. It is also conceivable that both parts are moved.
- the movement during the vibration or shaking process can take place in different directions. According to a simple variant, the shaking, especially with small wall components, also be done by hand.
- the two walls contacting the narrow sides of the element are immovable and the two walls, each defining a space between them and the element into which the flow rendering is filled, are movably arranged.
- the movable walls are then connected to the vibrator and can, optionally independently, vibrated, which lead to a compression of the fluidized plaster.
- the entire formwork would oscillate.
- insulation boards are arranged in the space between the formwork inside and the surface to be plastered and glued in this way by the flow plaster with the element core.
- plastered but also provided with an insulation wall elements are made directly in the factory which can then be delivered to the site. The time-consuming bonding and laying the insulation boards and their cutting is therefore no longer necessary on the site.
- the filled flow plaster should serve as external plaster, it can also be rendered water repellent against driving rain.
- the flow-coating layer additionally has a reinforcement, in particular of fibers.
- the plaster can be colored both for indoor and outdoor applications of the future building.
- the wall components produced by the method according to the invention have in the ideal case after stripping on both sides uniform, provided with insulation boards, plaster layers that require no further processing and barely have air bubbles.
- the resulting surfaces can be painted or papered directly on request.
- Figure 1a is a formwork 1 can be seen made of metal, which has two movably mounted and opposing shuttering walls 11 and 12, between which an unpainted wall element 10 is connected with mortar 8 associated masonry blocks 4. Between the inner sides of the walls 11 and 12 and the two sides of the element 10 to be coated, in each case a gap can be seen, which is filled with flow plaster 3 and 5.
- the thinner flow-coating layer 3 is a layer of 3 millimeters thickness for the later interior of the building, the thicker flow-coating layer 5 is a layer of 6 millimeters thickness for later outdoor use.
- the movable walls 11 and 12 are reciprocated by a vibrator 7, wherein the plaster is compacted and pressed firmly against the surface of the element 10.
- FIG. 1b shows a section of the device described in FIG. 1a. However, here in the right, i. the larger space before filling the flow plaster 5 insulation boards 6 arranged.
- the insulation boards 6 are glued by the plaster 5 with the element 10.
- On the opposite side of the element 10 is a thinner flow-smoothing layer 3 can be seen. The shaking takes place after the interstices are completely filled with the plaster 3 and 5 and on one side with the insulation boards 6.
- Figure 2 shows three possible arrangements and configurations of formworks 1 in horizontal section.
- the formwork 1 shown in FIG. 1a can be seen. It consists of the walls 11 and 12, which are movable by means of the vibrating device 7, and the solid walls 13, which in turn lie flush against the element 10 and do not allow any coating in this area. Gaskets 9 prevent escape of the flow plaster at the contact points between the vibrating walls 11 and 12 and solid walls 13th
- Figure 2b shows a formwork 1, which consists of a single part, namely a rectangular in horizontal section formwork frame 11. In this case, the entire frame 11 is movably supported. So that unnecessarily plaster 3 and 5 on the narrow sides of the element 10, seals 9 are also embedded in the narrow sides of the formwork 1.
- the formwork consists of two movable walls 11 and 12, whose outer edges are bent so that they are flush with the narrow sides of the element 10th issue.
- Two seals 9 ensure that the plaster 3 is applied only to the later inside of the wall component 10 and not unnecessarily on the narrow element sides, where it has no use.
- the sealing lips 15 with the respective inner side of the bent edges of the formwork wall 12 on each side of the element 10 form a narrow space 14 which extends over the entire height of the wall element 10.
- the resulting recesses prevent the relatively thick exterior plaster from flaking off when the narrow element sides collide during assembly on the construction site and, on the other hand, allow better sealing or filling of the joints between the assembled elements 10.
- the movable walls 11 and 12 can be moved independently of one another.
- FIG. 3 shows a further variant of the device used according to the invention.
- a masonry wall element 10 can be seen with a window opening, which is boarded only on one side.
- plaster is filled, which is then compacted by shaking.
- seals 9 are arranged. After drying and setting of the plaster 3 and 5, the formwork 1 can be removed and the wall element 10 are transported to the site.
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
- Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Putzbeschichtung auf ein stehendes Wandbauelement nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a method for applying a plaster coating to a stationary wall component according to the preamble of claim 1.
Die Fertigteilbranche bietet Wandbauelemente sowohl für den Wohnungsbau als auch für den Industriebau an. Die Elemente werden in verschiedenen Größen vom Elementwerk zu den Baustellen geliefert, wo sie zusammengefügt und verputzt werden. In vielen Fällen ist im Innenbereich des späteren Gebäudes zwar nur eine Spachtelung nötig, nämlich wenn das Wandbauelement entsprechend glatt ist, im Außenbereich hingegen muß ein Grundputz sowie ein Edelputz aufgetragen werden.The prefabricated industry offers wall construction elements for both residential construction and industrial construction. The elements are delivered in various sizes from the element factory to the construction sites, where they are assembled and plastered. In many cases, while only one leveling is necessary in the interior of the future building, namely, if the wall element is correspondingly smooth, in the outdoor area, however, a primer and a fine plaster must be applied.
Wandbauelemente werden im Elementwerk häufig aus Beton oder Leichtbeton gegossen. Ein anderes, sehr rationelles Fertigungsverfahren besteht in der Vermörtelung üblicher Mauersteine. Beide Verfahren sind geeignet, Elemente in nahezu beliebigen Abmessungen zu fertigen. Insbesondere beim Erstellen von Mauerwerken können auf einfache Weise auch Öffnungen für Fenster und Türen ausgespart werden.Wall elements are often cast in concrete or lightweight concrete in the element factory. Another very efficient manufacturing process is the mortaring of common bricks. Both methods are suitable to manufacture elements in almost any size. In particular, when creating masonry openings for windows and doors can be cut out in a simple manner.
Teilweise können Wandbauelemente bereits beim Hersteller verputzt werden. Das zeitaufwendige Verputzen auf der Baustelle, ausgenommen das der Fugen zwischen den einzelnen Elementen, ist dann nicht mehr nötig.In some cases, wall components can already be plastered by the manufacturer. The time-consuming plastering on the construction site, except for the joints between the individual elements, is then no longer necessary.
Die Herstellung und gleichzeitige Verputzung von Wandbauelementen aus Beton erfolgt in den Elementwerken liegend in einer waagerechten Einschalung, in die zunächst ein Dünnlagenleichtputz, dann eine Schicht aus Beton und schließlich wieder eine meist 1 Zentimeter dicke Putzschicht gegeben wird. Die obere Putzschicht muß dann in mehreren aufwendigen Arbeitsgängen bearbeitet werden, um eine lotrechte und glatte Oberfläche zu erreichen.The production and simultaneous plastering of wall elements made of concrete takes place in the elemental plants in a horizontal formwork, in the first a thin layer of light plaster, then a layer of concrete and finally a usually 1 centimeter thick plaster layer is given. The upper layer of plaster must then be processed in several complex operations in order to achieve a vertical and smooth surface.
Hingegen können Elemente aus vermörtelten Mauersteinen aus statischen Gründen nur aufrecht gefertigt und transportiert werden. Aus diesem Grund werden diese Elemente erst nach der endgültigen Montage auf der Baustelle verputzt.On the other hand, elements made of plastered bricks can only be erected and transported for static reasons. For this reason, these elements are plastered only after final assembly on the site.
Die
Die
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Aufbringen einer Putzbeschichtung auf stehende Wandbauelemente im Elementwerk auf einfache Weise zu ermöglichen.The invention is therefore based on the object to allow the application of a plaster coating on standing wall components in the elemental work in a simple manner.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe durch die Erfindung besteht in einem Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Putzbeschichtung auf stehende Wandbauelemente nach Anspruch 1; weitere, vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind Gegenstand der Verfahrensunteransprüche (Ansprüche 2 bis 9). Gemäß dem Verfahren und der vorliegenden Erfindung wird in den Zwischenraum zwischen der zu verputzenden Fläche und der Innenseite einer Schalung ein Fließputz, d.h. ein Mörtel fließfähiger Konsistenz, gegeben, bis der Zwischenraum gleichmäßig damit ausgefüllt ist. Derartige hier als fließfähige Putze eingesetzte Mörtel sind z.B. abgewandelte Verguß- und Verpreßmörtel sowie Abwandlungen der an sich bekannten Bodenausgleichsmassen. Gleichmäßig bedeutet, daß die Fließputzschicht überall auf dem gesamten Element verteilt ist und kaum Lufteinschlüsse aufweist. Nach dem Trocknen des Putzes und nach Entfernen der Schalung kann das Wandbauelement direkt gestrichen oder tapeziert werden. Die Oberfläche bedarf also keiner weiteren Bearbeitung, wie dies insbesondere bei der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten liegenden Verputzung von gegossenen Betonelementen der Fall ist.The solution of the problem by the invention consists in a method for applying a plaster coating on standing wall components according to claim 1; Further, advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention are the subject of the method subclaims (
Die Schalung und/oder das Wandbauelement wird bzw. werden aber zusätzlich noch gerüttelt, bis der Fließputz eine Schicht gleichmäßiger Dicke bildet. Das Rütteln hat neben seiner den Putz verdichtenden Wirkung den Vorteil, daß eventuelle Lufteinschlüsse in der im Zwischenraum befindlichen Fließputzmasse noch leichter entweichen können.The formwork and / or the wall element is or will be shaken in addition, until the flow plaster forms a layer of uniform thickness. The shaking has in addition to its plaster-compacting effect the advantage that any air bubbles in the intermediate space flow smoothing compound can escape more easily.
Die zu verputzende Fläche ist in der Regel eine Seite des Elementkerns, die nämlich die spätere Innen- oder Außenseite der Wand darstellt. So kann die zu verputzende Fläche die Seite eines Mauerwerks, d.h. miteinander vermörtelter Steine, oder einer Betonplatte sein. Denkbar ist aber auch, daß die zu verputzende Fläche eine bereits zuvor auf die Oberseite des Elementkerns in beliebiger Weise aufgebrachte erste Putzschicht ist. Dies ist zum Beispiel dann der Fall, wenn für den späteren Außenbereich des Gebäudes auf eine Grundputzschicht noch Edelputz aufgetragen werden soll. Hierbei würde also die Fließputzschicht die äußere Putzschicht, d.h. die Außengrundputzschicht, bilden.The surface to be plastered is usually one side of the element core, namely the later inside or outside of the wall. Thus, the surface to be plastered may be the side of a masonry, ie, mortared stones, or a concrete slab. It is also conceivable that the surface to be plastered is already applied to the top of the element core in any way first layer of plaster. This is for example then the case, if for the later outdoor area of the building on a primer layer still fine plaster is to be applied. In this case, therefore, the flow-plaster layer would form the outer plaster layer, ie the outer plaster layer.
Es ist auch denkbar, daß bei einem Element mit mehreren Putzschichten das Auftragen einzelner Schichten mit anderen Mitteln bzw. Verfahren erfolgen kann. Zumindest sollte aber die äußere Schicht mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren aufgebracht werden, da diese dadurch besonders glatt und gleichmäßig wird.It is also conceivable that in an element having a plurality of plaster layers, the application of individual layers can be carried out by other means or methods. But at least the outer layer should be applied by the method according to the invention, as this is particularly smooth and uniform.
Vorteilhafterweise ist das stehende Wandbauelement beidseitig eingeschalt, so daß das Element nach erfolgtem Trocknen des auf beiden Seiten eingefüllten Fließputzes und nach Entfernen der Schalung sowohl auf der späteren Innenseite wie auch auf der Außenseite verputzt ist. Die Schalung kann dann beispielsweise aus einem einzigen den gesamten Elementkern einschließenden Schalungsrahmen bestehen, der die Höhe des Elements hat und dessen jeweils gegenüberliegende Seiten parallel zueinander sind. Denkbar ist auch, daß die Schalung aus mehreren um den Kern angeordneten Schalungswänden besteht, wobei die beiden sich jeweils gegenüberstehenden Wände ebenfalls parallel zueinander sein sollten, oder daß nur eine Seite des Kerns eingeschalt ist. In jedem Fall muß zwischen Schalungswand bzw. -rahmen und der zu verputzenden Oberfläche ein Zwischenraum für den Mörtel frei bleiben. Dichtungen, z.B. aus Hanfstricken oder Gummibändern, sorgen an den entsprechenden Stellen dafür, daß der Fließputz nur die zu verputzende Fläche berührt und nicht entweichen kann. Der Abstand zwischen zu verputzender Fläche und der Innenseite der Schalung sollte zudem verstellbar sein. Er kann 1 bis 10 Millimeter, insbesondere 3 bis 4 Millimeter, betragen. Auf diese Weise können verschiedene Putzdicken realisiert werden, wobei diese ohne Nachbearbeitung schon die endgültige Dicke und Oberflächenbeschaffenheit aufweisen. Auch die übrigen Abmessungen wie Länge und Breite der Schalung können variieren um verschiedene Mauerwerke abzudecken.Advantageously, the standing wall element is switched on both sides, so that the element is plastered after drying of the filled on both sides flow plaster and after removal of the formwork both on the later inside as well as on the outside. The formwork can then, for example, consist of a single formwork frame enclosing the entire element core, which has the height of the element and whose respective opposite sides are parallel to one another. It is also conceivable that the formwork consists of several arranged around the core formwork walls, wherein the two walls respectively facing each other should also be parallel to each other, or that only one side of the core is turned on. In any case, between the formwork wall or frame and the surface to be plastered, a gap for the mortar must remain free. Seals, e.g. made of hemp knits or rubber bands, ensure in the appropriate places that the flow plaster touches only the surface to be plastered and can not escape. The distance between the surface to be plastered and the inside of the formwork should also be adjustable. It can be 1 to 10 millimeters, in particular 3 to 4 millimeters. In this way, different plaster thicknesses can be realized, which already have without finishing the final thickness and surface finish. The other dimensions such as length and width of the formwork can vary to cover different masonry.
Das zusätzlich Rütteln der Schalung und/oder des Wandbauelements erfolgt mittels einer Rüttelvorrichtung. Diese sorgt dafür, daß Schalungsinnenseite und zu beschichtende Oberfläche relativ zueinander hin- und herschwingen, wodurch der im Zwischenraum befindliche Putz verdichtet und an das Wandbauelement gepreßt wird. Dabei kann z.B. die Schalung die Rüttelbewegung ausführen und das Element unbeweglich sein, oder die Schalung ist fest und das Element bewegt sich. Denkbar ist aber auch, daß beide Teile bewegt werden. Die Bewegung während des Schwing- bzw. Rüttelvorgangs kann in verschiedenen Richtungen erfolgen. Gemäß einer einfachen Variante kann das Rütteln, insbesondere bei kleinen Wandbauelementen, auch von Hand erfolgen.The additional shaking of the formwork and / or the wall element by means of a vibrator. This ensures that formwork inside and to be coated Surface swing back and forth relative to each other, whereby the plaster located in the intermediate space is compressed and pressed against the wall component. In this case, for example, the formwork perform the shaking movement and the element be immovable, or the formwork is fixed and the element moves. It is also conceivable that both parts are moved. The movement during the vibration or shaking process can take place in different directions. According to a simple variant, the shaking, especially with small wall components, also be done by hand.
Im Fall einer Schalung aus mehreren Wänden sind beispielsweise die beiden die schmalen Seiten des Elements berührenden Wände unbeweglich und die beiden Wände, die jeweils einen Zwischenraum zwischen sich und dem Element bilden, in den der Fließputz gefüllt wird, beweglich angeordnet. Die beweglichen Wände sind dann mit der Rüttelvorrichtung verbunden und können, gegebenenfalls unabhängig voneinander, in Schwingungen versetzt werden, die zu einer Verdichtung des Fließputzes führen. Im Fall eines einzelnen mit der Rüttelvorrichtung verbundenen Schalungsrahmens, der das gesamte Element umgibt, würde die gesamte Schalung schwingen.For example, in the case of a multiple wall formwork, the two walls contacting the narrow sides of the element are immovable and the two walls, each defining a space between them and the element into which the flow rendering is filled, are movably arranged. The movable walls are then connected to the vibrator and can, optionally independently, vibrated, which lead to a compression of the fluidized plaster. In the case of a single formwork frame connected to the vibrator, which surrounds the entire element, the entire formwork would oscillate.
Erfindungsgemäß ist es vorgesehen, daß Dämmplatten in dem Zwischenraum zwischen Schalungsinnenseite und zu verputzender Fläche angeordnet und auf diese Weise durch den Fließputz mit dem Elementkern verklebt werden. Auf diese Weise werden nicht nur verputzte, sondern auch mit einer Dämmung versehene Wandbauelemente direkt im Werk hergestellt welche dann zur Baustelle geliefert werde können. Das zeitaufwendige Verkleben und Auflegen der Dämmplatten sowie deren Zuschnitt ist somit auf der Baustelle nicht mehr nötig.According to the invention, it is provided that insulation boards are arranged in the space between the formwork inside and the surface to be plastered and glued in this way by the flow plaster with the element core. In this way, not only plastered, but also provided with an insulation wall elements are made directly in the factory which can then be delivered to the site. The time-consuming bonding and laying the insulation boards and their cutting is therefore no longer necessary on the site.
Soll der eingefüllte Fließputz als Außenputz dienen, so kann dieser auch gegen Schlagregen hydrophobiert werden. Für spezielle Ausgestaltungen kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Fließputzschicht zusätzlich noch eine Bewehrung, insbesondere aus Fasern, aufweist. Weiterhin kann der Putz sowohl für die Anwendungen im Innenbereich als auch im Außenbereich des späteren Gebäudes eingefärbt werden.If the filled flow plaster should serve as external plaster, it can also be rendered water repellent against driving rain. For special embodiments it can be provided that the flow-coating layer additionally has a reinforcement, in particular of fibers. Furthermore, the plaster can be colored both for indoor and outdoor applications of the future building.
Die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Wandbauelemente weisen im Idealfall nach dem Ausschalen auf beiden Seiten gleichmäßige, mit Dämmplatten versehene, Putzschichten auf, die keiner weiteren Bearbeitung mehr bedürfen und kaum noch Lufteinschlüsse aufweisen. Die entstandenen Flächen können auf Wunsch direkt gestrichen oder tapeziert werden.The wall components produced by the method according to the invention have in the ideal case after stripping on both sides uniform, provided with insulation boards, plaster layers that require no further processing and barely have air bubbles. The resulting surfaces can be painted or papered directly on request.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung beispielhaft anhand von Zeichnungen verdeutlicht:
- Figur 1a
- zeigt im vertikalen Schnitt eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Vorrichtung mit Rüttelvorrichtung,
- Figur 1b
- zeigt dieselbe Vorrichtung im Ausschnitt mit eingelegten Dämmplatten,
Figur 2- zeigt im horizontalen Schnitt verschiedene Varianten der Vorrichtung,
Figur 3- zeigt in perspektivischer Ansicht ein einseitig verschaltes Mauerwerk.
- FIG. 1a
- shows in vertical section an embodiment of the device according to the invention with vibrator,
- FIG. 1b
- shows the same device in the cutout with inserted insulation boards,
- FIG. 2
- shows in horizontal section different variants of the device,
- FIG. 3
- shows a perspective view of a one-sided boarded masonry.
In Figur 1a ist eine Schalung 1 aus Metall zu sehen, die zwei beweglich gelagerte und sich gegenüberstehende Schalungswände 11 und 12 aufweist, zwischen denen sich ein unverputztes Wandbauelement 10 aus mit Mörtel 8 verbundenen Mauersteinen 4 befindet. Zwischen den Innenseiten der Wände 11 und 12 und den beiden zu beschichtenden Seiten des Elements 10 ist jeweils ein Zwischenraum zu erkennen, der mit Fließputz 3 und 5 gefüllt ist. Die dünnere Fließputzschicht 3 ist eine Schicht von 3 Millimeter Dicke für den späteren Innenbereich des Gebäudes, die dickere Fließputzschicht 5 ist eine Schicht von 6 Millimeter Dicke für den späteren Außenbereich. Die beweglichen Wände 11 und 12 werden durch eine Rüttelvorrichtung 7 hin- und herbewegt, wobei der Putz verdichtet und fest an die Oberfläche des Elements 10 gepreßt wird. Nicht sichtbar sind die beiden übrigen, parallel zur Zeichnungsebene liegenden Schalungswände 13, die bündig an den schmalen Seiten des Wandbauelements 10 anliegen und, wie auch das Element 10 selbst, unbeweglich sind. Die Wände 11 und 12 stoßen im rechten Winkel an die beiden ebenfalls zueinander parallelen Wände 13. Die Berührungsstellen der Wände 11 und 12 mit den Wänden 13 sind mit Dichtungen aus Hanfstricken versehen und verhindern, daß beim Hin- und Herbewegen der Wände 11 und 12 Mörtel austritt. Die Schalungswände 13 sowie das Element 10 sind fest mit einem plattenförmigen Bodenelement 2 aus Metall verbunden. Die beweglichen Wände 11 und 12 gleiten beim Rütteln über diese Bodenplatte. Auch hier verhindern Dichtungen 9 aus Hanfstricken ein Austreten des Fließputzes 3 und 5.In Figure 1a is a formwork 1 can be seen made of metal, which has two movably mounted and opposing shuttering
Figur 1b zeigt einen Ausschnitt der in Figur 1a beschriebenen Vorrichtung. Allerdings wurden hier in dem rechten, d.h. dem größeren Zwischenraum vor dem Einfüllen des Fließputzes 5 Dämmplatten 6 angeordnet. Die Dämmplatten 6 werden durch den Putz 5 mit dem Element 10 verklebt. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Elements 10 ist eine dünnere Fließputzschicht 3 zu erkennen. Das Rütteln erfolgt, nachdem die Zwischenräume vollständig mit dem Putz 3 und 5 sowie auf einer Seite mit den Dämmplatten 6 gefüllt sind.FIG. 1b shows a section of the device described in FIG. 1a. However, here in the right, i. the larger space before filling the
Figur 2 zeigt drei mögliche Anordnungen und Ausgestaltungen von Schalungen 1 im horizontalen Schnitt.
In Figur 2a erkennt man die in Figur 1a dargestellte Schalung 1. Sie besteht aus den mittels der Rüttelvorrichtung 7 beweglichen Wänden 11 und 12 sowie den festen Wänden 13, die wiederum bündig am Element 10 anliegen und in diesem Bereich keine Beschichtung zulassen. Dichtungen 9 verhindern ein Austreten des Fließputzes an den Berührungsstellen zwischen schwingenden Wände 11 und 12 und festen Wänden 13.
Figur 2b zeigt eine Schalung 1, die aus einem einzigen Teil, nämlich aus einem im horizontalen Schnitt rechteckigen Schalungsrahmen 11 besteht. In diesem Fall ist der gesamte Rahmen 11 beweglich gelagert. Damit nicht unnötig Putz 3 und 5 auf die schmalen Seiten des Element 10 gerät, sind ebenfalls Dichtungen 9 in die schmalen Seiten der Schalung 1 eingelassen.
Eine weitere Variante ist schließlich in Figur 2c dargestellt. Hier besteht die Schalung aus zwei beweglichen Wänden 11 und 12, deren äußere Kanten so umgebogen sind, daß sie bündig an den schmalen Seiten des Elements 10 anliegen. Zwei Dichtungen 9 sorgen dafür, daß der Putz 3 nur auf die spätere Innenseite des Wandbauelements 10 und nicht unnötig auf die schmalen Elementseiten aufgebracht wird, wo er keinen Nutzen hat. Für die Außenseite erfüllen diese Funktion die beiden Dichtlippen 15. Zusätzlich bilden die Dichtlippen 15 mit der jeweiligen Innenseite der umgebogenen Kanten der Schalungswand 12 auf jeder Seite des Elements 10 einen schmalen Freiraum 14, der über die gesamte Höhe des Wandbauelements 10 verläuft. Die sich dadurch ergebenden Aussparungen verhindern einerseits ein Abplatzen des relativ dicken Außenputzes beim Zusammenstoßen der schmalen Elementseiten während der Montage auf der Baustelle und ermöglichen andererseits ein besseres Verschließen bzw. Verspachteln der Fugen zwischen den zusammengefügten Elementen 10.Figure 2 shows three possible arrangements and configurations of formworks 1 in horizontal section.
In FIG. 2a, the formwork 1 shown in FIG. 1a can be seen. It consists of the
Figure 2b shows a formwork 1, which consists of a single part, namely a rectangular in horizontal
A further variant is finally shown in FIG. 2c. Here, the formwork consists of two
In den Varianten der Figuren 2 a und c können die beweglichen Wände 11 und 12 unabhängig voneinander bewegt werden.In the variants of FIGS. 2 a and c, the
Figur 3 zeigt eine weitere Variante der erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Vorrichtung. Hier ist ein gemauertes Wandbauelement 10 mit einer Fensteröffnung zu erkennen, das nur einseitig verschalt ist. Zwischen Schalungswand 11 und Element 10 ist Fließputz gefüllt, der anschließend durch Rütteln verdichtet wird. An den äußeren Kanten der Wand 11 sowie im Bereich der Fensteröffnung sind hier nicht dargestellte Dichtungen 9 angeordnet. Nach erfolgtem Trocknen und Abbinden des Putzes 3 und 5 kann die Schalung 1 entfernt und das Wandbauelement 10 zur Baustelle transportiert werden.FIG. 3 shows a further variant of the device used according to the invention. Here is a
- 11
- Schalungformwork
- 22
- Bodenelementfloor element
- 33
- FließputzschichtFlow plaster layer
- 44
- Mauersteinbrick
- 55
- FließputzschichtFlow plaster layer
- 66
- DämmplatteInsulation Board
- 77
- Rüttelvorrichtungshaker
- 88th
- Mörtelmortar
- 99
- Dichtungpoetry
- 1010
- Wandbauelementwall element
- 1111
- Schalungswand bzw. -rahmen (beweglich)Shuttering wall or frame (movable)
- 1212
- Schalungswand (beweglich)Formwork wall (movable)
- 1313
- Schalungswand (fest)Formwork wall (fixed)
- 1414
- Freiraumfree space
- 1515
- Dichtlippesealing lip
Claims (9)
- Method of applying a plaster coating to an upright wall construction element (10), in which method a flow plaster (3, 5) is poured into the space between a surface of the wall construction element (10) that is to be plastered and the inner side of a formwork (1) until the space is uniformly filled with the plaster,
characterized
in that the formwork (1) and/or the wall construction element (10) are vibrated by means of a vibrating device (7) such that the flow plaster (3, 5) situated in the space is compacted and pressed against the wall construction element (10) and any entrapped air in the flow plaster composition (3, 5) escapes, and
in that insulating panels (6) are arranged in the space between the surface of the wall construction element (10) that is to be plastered over and the inner side of the formwork (1), and the insulating panels (6) are adhesively bonded by the flow plaster (3, 5) to the surface that is to be plastered. - Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the surface that is to be plastered is the side of brickwork.
- Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flow plaster layer (3, 5) forms the external plaster layer.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the distance between the surface that is to be plastered and the inner side of the formwork (1) can be adjusted.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distance between the inner side of the formwork (1) and the surface that is to be plastered is from 1 to 10 mm, in particular from 3 to 4 mm.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the flow plaster layer (3, 5) is made water-repellent.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the flow plaster layer (3, 5) contains a reinforcement.
- Method according to Claim 7, characterized in that the reinforcement consists of fibres.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the flow plaster layer (3, 5) is coloured.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10118289A DE10118289A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2001-04-12 | Method and device for applying a plaster coating to standing wall components and corresponding wall component |
| DE10118289 | 2001-04-12 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1249559A2 EP1249559A2 (en) | 2002-10-16 |
| EP1249559A3 EP1249559A3 (en) | 2003-08-13 |
| EP1249559B1 true EP1249559B1 (en) | 2007-09-05 |
Family
ID=7681364
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02007948A Expired - Lifetime EP1249559B1 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-09 | Method and apparatus for applying a mortar coating on standing building wall elements as well as corresponding building wall elements |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1249559B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE372430T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10118289A1 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL199058B1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2316744A1 (en) * | 1973-04-04 | 1974-10-17 | Leonhard Heckmann | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING PLASTERED CEILINGS OR WALLS AND APPARATUS |
| CH587399A5 (en) * | 1976-05-18 | 1977-04-29 | Wiersbowsky Erhard Hermann | |
| DE2833439C2 (en) * | 1978-07-29 | 1980-04-30 | Karl-Heinz 3500 Kassel Fingerling | Device for permanent cladding of surfaces, in particular walls or inner roof surfaces of buildings, with panels |
| ZW18583A1 (en) * | 1982-08-25 | 1983-11-09 | Gordon Macdonald Robertson | A method of construction |
| DE3238993A1 (en) * | 1982-10-21 | 1984-04-26 | Ispo Putz- und Farbenwerk GmbH & Co KG, 6239 Kriftel | MORTAR OR COATING FABRIC WITH TEXTILE ARMORING |
| FI844686L (en) * | 1984-11-29 | 1986-05-30 | Rakennusvalmiste Oy | FOERFARANDE FOER KOMPRIMERING AV BETONG. |
| DE3533476C1 (en) * | 1985-09-19 | 1986-06-12 | Philipp Holzmann Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Device for spraying a layer capable of setting onto walls |
| WO1996032552A1 (en) * | 1995-04-13 | 1996-10-17 | Reino Parkkila | Method and facade element for repair building |
| DE19542841A1 (en) * | 1995-11-16 | 1996-05-09 | Michael Frey | Method of plastering walls of buildings |
-
2001
- 2001-04-12 DE DE10118289A patent/DE10118289A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-04-09 AT AT02007948T patent/ATE372430T1/en active
- 2002-04-09 EP EP02007948A patent/EP1249559B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-09 DE DE50210830T patent/DE50210830D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-12 PL PL353385A patent/PL199058B1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE372430T1 (en) | 2007-09-15 |
| DE10118289A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 |
| EP1249559A2 (en) | 2002-10-16 |
| EP1249559A3 (en) | 2003-08-13 |
| DE50210830D1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
| PL353385A1 (en) | 2002-10-21 |
| PL199058B1 (en) | 2008-08-29 |
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