EP1243884B1 - Wärmetauscherrohr - Google Patents

Wärmetauscherrohr Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1243884B1
EP1243884B1 EP02075849A EP02075849A EP1243884B1 EP 1243884 B1 EP1243884 B1 EP 1243884B1 EP 02075849 A EP02075849 A EP 02075849A EP 02075849 A EP02075849 A EP 02075849A EP 1243884 B1 EP1243884 B1 EP 1243884B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
web
walls
lower wall
channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP02075849A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1243884A3 (de
EP1243884A2 (de
Inventor
Scott E. Kent
James Anders
Henry E. Beamer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi Technologies Inc
Original Assignee
Delphi Technologies Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi Technologies Inc filed Critical Delphi Technologies Inc
Publication of EP1243884A2 publication Critical patent/EP1243884A2/de
Publication of EP1243884A3 publication Critical patent/EP1243884A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1243884B1 publication Critical patent/EP1243884B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0391—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits a single plate being bent to form one or more conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/22—Making finned or ribbed tubes by fixing strip or like material to tubes
    • B21C37/225—Making finned or ribbed tubes by fixing strip or like material to tubes longitudinally-ribbed tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to heat exchangers in general, and specifically to a novel construction for a fabricated heat exchanger tube.
  • Cross flow automotive heat exchangers such as radiators, condensers, and heater cores have, for decades, followed the same general design of a basic core bordered by two side tanks or header tanks.
  • the basic core consists of a plurality of parallel flow tubes, stacked with brazed corrugated air fins between, the ends of which tubes are brazed leak tight into regularly spaced slots in the header tanks.
  • the header tanks feed a flow medium into and out of the tubes, while air is blown across the tubes and air fins in a perpendicular or "cross" flow direction.
  • Basic flow and heat transfer formula also well known for decades, determine the optimum size of the flow tubes, as well, so that the biggest choice that a designer has to make is simply the best and most economical method of manufacturing the tubes. That choice, in turn, is partially driven by the method of assembling and manufacturing the core.
  • One of the two standard manufacturing methods for the tubes are the one piece extruded tube, in which a billet of hot metal, generally aluminum, is forced through a die that gives a constant cross section to the tube all along its length. Any part, produced in one, integral piece is generally thought to be more economical than a multi part piece, but, as noted, other considerations may apply.
  • Extruded tubes have proven difficult to surface coat with braze material. Consequently, the surface coating of braze material necessary to braze all parts of the core together must generally be applied to the corrugated fin material that contacts the outside of the extruded, one piece tube.
  • braze material is abrasive and deleterious to the fin forming machinery, and the fin material must be made thicker and heavier than otherwise needed in order to allow successful braze material coating.
  • Fabricated, multi piece tubes are formed from flat stock that can easily be coated with braze material first, obviating the need to coat the fins.
  • the simplest design for a fabricated tube that does not need internal reinforcement for internal pressure resistance is simply a folded shell, with a live hinge on one side and a seam on the other.
  • An example may be seen in USPN 4,470,452.
  • Adding a corrugated web on the inside can easily be done before the tube is folded, as seen in Japanese patent 57-66389, a patent which also illustrates the equivalence between the extruded and fabricated tube design.
  • a design that attempts to combine the advantages of fabricated and extruded designs uses a single piece of metal stock folded in a general Z shape, with the center of the Z being corrugated to provide the inner web, and the top and bottom of the Z folded down over the center corrugation from opposite directions to form integral outer walls of the tube.
  • JP 2000 329488 A shows a tube construction using a separate inner web and having inturned wall portions brayed together, in accordance with the precharacterising portion of claim 1.
  • the invention is a novel tube construction that has the central strengthening feature of the B tube design described above, but with divided flow paths provided by a specially designed, separate inner corrugated web.
  • the outer shell of the tube is formed in a general "B" shape, with two 90 degree walls that abut at the centre.
  • the edges of the abutting 90 degree walls are curved upwardly, rather than being sharp.
  • the edges of the 90 degree walls do not directly contact the inner surface of the tube.
  • a corrugated inner web is placed inside the tube as it is folded down, and is captured between the under surface of the 90 degree wall edges and the opposed inner surface of the tube.
  • the corrugated web rather than being regular and symmetric, has a widened and flattened central channel that allows it to be captured without deforming the corrugations to either side.
  • both the inner and outer surfaces of the outer tube are braze coated, so that the inner web need not be.
  • one side of the web channel brazes to the undersurface of the 90 degree wall edges, and the other side of the web channel brazes to the opposed inner surface of the tube, solidly anchoring and locating the web within the tube.
  • the net effect is that the aubbed 90 degree walls strengthen the tube, even without direct contact across both sides of the tube.
  • the web can be formed with any desired thickness, independent of the outer tube wall thickness and, as noted, need not be braze coated, though it can be. Small, divided flow paths inside the tube are created both by the regular corrugations located to either side of the central web channel, and by the location of the abutted 90 degree walls within the central web channel.
  • the decoupling of the web and tube material allows the optimal material to be independently used for both, but the end result is similar to a one piece extruded tube in terms of strength and function.
  • Tube 10 is a brazed, fabricated tube, having only two basic components, one of which is an outer shell formed with two inner chambers, like the so called “B tube” configuration described in UK patent 1,149,923 noted above.
  • n 2 (the number of inner chambers)
  • n-1, or one, piece of tube stock is needed to form the outer shell, in a manner described in more detail below.
  • the outer shell though unitary, can be conceptualized as a single, full width lower wall 12 spaced from a pair of upper walls 14 which preferably, but not necessarily, are equal in width.
  • Upper walls 14 are integral to a pair of equal height, abutted 90 degree walls 16, each of which terminates in a curved, out turned foot 18.
  • the abutted 90 degree walls 16 form a central seam running the entire length of the outer shell of tube 10, and form a central strengthening member therefor. While the coincidental provision of two divided chambers within tube 10 would provide some heat transfer advantage, by the obvious expedient of providing a greater ratio of conductive perimeter surface per enclosed volume, that effect is minimal, for such a minimal subdivision of the inner volume.
  • the primary advantage of the abutted 90 degree walls 16, as in the UK patent noted above, is simply the additional stiffening and strengthening and outer shell, and the location of the inevitable at least one seam down the central upper surface of the tube 10, rather than down the side edge.
  • the end of tube 10 is ultimately brazed into a header slot, as with any headered cross flow heat exchanger, and it is easier to control the geometry of the slot-tube end braze interface along the width of the slot, rather than at the edge of the slot.
  • the other basic component of tube 10 is a corrugated inner web, a preferred embodiment of which is indicated generally at 20.
  • Web 20 would likely be same basic material as the outer shell of tube 10, or at least similar enough to prevent a significant galvanic differential.
  • web 20 need not be identical to the outer shell of tube 10, since it is not integral therewith. Therefore, it can be, preferably, thinner, as shown, and need not be coated with braze material on its outer surface (though it can be, as described in more detail below).
  • web 20 has a width W1 and is formed with a series of corrugations 22 which may be, but need not be, generally sinusoidal and regular in shape, with rounded crests and sloped sides.
  • the entire width of web 20 is not comprised of regular, symmetrical corrugations, as is conventional. Instead, a widened, intermediate channel 24 of width C, is formed, which is flattened at the bottom, and open at the top, for a purpose described below.
  • the channel 24 is also central to the web 20, with an equal number of regular corrugations 22 located to either side, though, again, it need not absolutely be centrally located.
  • FIG. 1 A single, flat piece of flat metal stock S is braze coated on at least one surface, that which will ultimately comprise the outer surface of tube 10 and, preferably, on the other surface, as well, though not necessarily on more than the outer surface. Most likely, stock S would be pulled from a continuous coil of stock, and run through a progressive series of rollers, that would continually and gradually form it into the subsequent shapes illustrated, rather than being bent incrementally in individual dies.
  • the first step in the gradual formation of the final shell shape is the bending of the curved feet 18, each of which has a total width F, shown in Figure 3.
  • each upper wall 14 is preferably one half the total outside width W2 of lower wall 12, "upper” and “lower” being terms of convenience, of course.
  • web 20 would be fed in between them by a suitable apparatus.
  • the upper walls 14 are bent progressively farther over and, eventually, the web 20 settles onto the inner surface of lower wall 12.
  • the web width W1 is comparable to the width W2 of lower wall 12, less by approximately twice the wall thickness of stock S, so as to facilitate the location of web 20 inside of tube 10.
  • the upper walls 14 are bent over far enough to abut, and the under surfaces of the feet 18 pass by the crests of the two inner most corrugations 22 and down to engage the upper surface of web channel 24, anchoring its lower surface to the inner surface of lower wall 12.
  • the height H of the 90 degree walls 16, added to the thickness of the material of web 20, is set so as to assure that the tops and bottoms of the web corrugations 22 make close contact, without crushing, with the inner surfaces of both the upper walls 14 and the lower wall 12.
  • the total width of the out turned feet 18 is just slightly less than the width C of web channel 24, so as to assure a close fit into the channel 24 without binding, but still serving to help positively locate the web 20 accurately within the interior of tube 10, with a limited side to side play.
  • the fully nested and abutted composite of the bent metal stock S and separate, anchored inner web 20 are brazed together in a conventional braze oven to complete tube 10. This is best done as part of an entire core with tubes 10.
  • braze material melted from and near the interfaces of the abutted component surfaces is drawn by capillary action into those closely abutted interfaces, later hardening to create strong bonds.
  • braze coating of these contacting surfaces Both surfaces of the tube stock S could be coated, and web 20 not at all. Or, only the outer surface of the tube stock S could be coated, and both sides of the web 20 coated.
  • clad material on the air centers could provide what was needed for a bolted walls 16, so bare tube stock S could be used. Or, all surfaces could be coated, on both. Any such combination would provide a supply of melted braze material to the various interfaces.
  • the under surfaces of the feet 18 would braze to the upper surface of the flattened channel 24, and the under surface of channel 24 would braze to the inner surface of tube lower wall 12, ultimately securing the upper walls 14 to the lower wall 12.
  • the abutted 90 degree walls alone 16 add a degree of strengthening to the tube 10, and the presence of the intermediate bonded corrugations add to that strengthening, depending on the thickness of the material of web 20.
  • the width F of the curved feet 18 could be varied, in absolute terms, but making the width of the feet 18 together approximately equal to the width of two corrugations 22 serves to subdivide the channel 24 into two flow paths approximately equal to the size of the flow paths created by each of the corrugations 22, and so yields a measure of structural symmetry across the entire width of tube 10.
  • the degree of curvature of the feet 18 could be made more or less, but flattened edges, or sharp edges, instead of a curvature would not be preferred. Such edges would not braze as well to the upper surface of the channel 24, and would not be as likely to fold past the adjacent web corrugations 22 without binding as the upper walls 14 were folded down.
  • the abutted 90 degree walls are central, and the upper walls 12 consequently of equal width, but they could be shifted to one side or the other, if desired, especially if the relative width of the feet 18 and the corrugations 22 noted above were maintained, since the effect on the inner structural symmetry of the tube 10 would not be severe. Therefore, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to just the embodiment disclosed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Wärmetauscherrohr (10) mit einem Aussenmantel, der eine untere Wand (12), ein Paar integrale obere Wände (14), die von der unteren Wand (12) beabstandet sind, und ein Paar miteinander hartverlötete anliegende Wände (16) aufweist, die mit den oberen Wänden (14) integral und zu diesen senkrecht angeordnet sind;
    wobei das Rohr (10) ferner eine separate innere Bahn (20) mit einer Reihe von Wellenstrukturen (22) aufweist, die zwischen die Innenflächen der unteren Rohrwand (12) und der oberen Rohrwand (14) hartgelötet sind, wobei die innere Bahn einen abgeflachten Zwischenkanal (24) aufweist;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass jede der anliegenden Wände (16) einen nach außen gedrehten, damit integralen Fuß (18) aufweist, welcher Fuß (18) eine gekrümmte Unterseite und eine vorbestimmte Breite (F) hat;
    und der abgeflachte Zwischenkanal (24) eine Breite (C) hat, die im wesentlichen gleich der doppelten Breite (F) jedes nach außen gedrehten Fußes (18) ist, wobei der Kanal (24) zwischen den gekrümmten Unterseiten der nach außen gedrehten Füße (18) und der Innenfläche der unteren Wand (12) verankert und an diese hartgelötet ist, wodurch die oberen Wände (14) mittels der anliegenden Wände (16) indirekt mit der unteren Wand (12) verbunden sind und der Kanal (24) in ein Paar Strömungsdurchgänge innerhalb des Rohres (10) geteilt wird.
  2. Wärmetauscherrohr nach Anspruch 1, ferner
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die anliegenden Wände (16) innerhalb des Rohres (10) mittig angeordnet sind und der Kanal (24) in der Bahn (20) mittig angeordnet ist.
  3. Wärmetauscherrohr nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, ferner
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die untere Wand (12) und oberen Wände (14) des Rohres auf sowohl ihren Innen- als auch Aussenflächen mit einem Lötmaterial beschichtet sind.
  4. Wärmetauscherrohr nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, ferner
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die untere Wand (12) und oberen Wände (14) des Rohres auf nur ihrer Aussenfläche mit Lötmaterial beschichtet sind und die Bahn (20) auf sowohl ihrer Ober- als auch Unterseite mit Lötmaterial beschichtet ist.
EP02075849A 2001-03-22 2002-03-05 Wärmetauscherrohr Expired - Fee Related EP1243884B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/814,508 US20040182559A1 (en) 2001-03-22 2001-03-22 Heat exchanger tube
US814508 2001-03-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1243884A2 EP1243884A2 (de) 2002-09-25
EP1243884A3 EP1243884A3 (de) 2002-10-09
EP1243884B1 true EP1243884B1 (de) 2006-03-22

Family

ID=25215254

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02075849A Expired - Fee Related EP1243884B1 (de) 2001-03-22 2002-03-05 Wärmetauscherrohr

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20040182559A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1243884B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3631214B2 (de)
DE (1) DE60209994T2 (de)

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DE102014200708A1 (de) 2014-01-16 2015-07-16 MAHLE Behr GmbH & Co. KG Flachrohr
CN104807357A (zh) * 2014-01-24 2015-07-29 泰安鼎鑫冷却器有限公司 一种组合式散热管

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JP2010008018A (ja) * 2008-06-30 2010-01-14 Showa Denko Kk インナーフィン付き熱交換管およびこれを用いた熱交換器
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FR2962204B1 (fr) * 2010-06-30 2014-11-21 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Tube d'echangeur de chaleur, echangeur de chaleur comportant de tels tubes et procede d'obtention d'un tel tube.
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DE102011085935A1 (de) 2011-11-08 2013-05-08 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Flachrohr und Wärmeübertrager mit einem solchen Flachrohr
JP2012193950A (ja) * 2012-05-14 2012-10-11 Keihin Thermal Technology Corp 熱交換器用扁平管
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GB2509762B (en) * 2013-01-14 2015-02-04 Halla Visteon Climate Control Tube for Heat Exchanger
CN104792210A (zh) * 2014-01-16 2015-07-22 泰安鼎鑫冷却器有限公司 三部件组合散热管
KR102189621B1 (ko) * 2015-01-29 2020-12-11 한온시스템 주식회사 열교환기용 튜브
CN106030232B (zh) * 2014-02-21 2019-06-04 翰昂系统株式会社 热交换器用管道
KR102191901B1 (ko) * 2014-03-05 2020-12-17 한온시스템 주식회사 열교환기용 튜브
SE539124C2 (sv) * 2014-04-22 2017-04-11 Titanx Engine Cooling Holding Ab Fordonsvärmeväxlarrör och fordonskylare innefattande sådant rör samt sätt att bilda ett fordonsvärmeväxlarrör
US10508870B2 (en) * 2016-10-14 2019-12-17 Hanon Systems B-tube reform for improved thermal cycle performance
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DE102017208210A1 (de) * 2017-05-16 2018-11-22 Hanon Systems Wärmetauscher
DE102018111585A1 (de) * 2017-06-22 2018-12-27 Hanon Systems Vorrichtung zur Wärmeübertragung sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen der Vorrichtung
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Also Published As

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EP1243884A3 (de) 2002-10-09
DE60209994T2 (de) 2006-09-07
JP3631214B2 (ja) 2005-03-23
EP1243884A2 (de) 2002-09-25
DE60209994D1 (de) 2006-05-11
US20040182559A1 (en) 2004-09-23
JP2002327994A (ja) 2002-11-15

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