EP1239430B1 - Eine elektronische Schaltung - Google Patents

Eine elektronische Schaltung Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1239430B1
EP1239430B1 EP20020251515 EP02251515A EP1239430B1 EP 1239430 B1 EP1239430 B1 EP 1239430B1 EP 20020251515 EP20020251515 EP 20020251515 EP 02251515 A EP02251515 A EP 02251515A EP 1239430 B1 EP1239430 B1 EP 1239430B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
capacitor
circuit according
electrical circuit
switching device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20020251515
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1239430A1 (de
Inventor
Tim Lloyd
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF International UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Lucas Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lucas Industries Ltd filed Critical Lucas Industries Ltd
Publication of EP1239430A1 publication Critical patent/EP1239430A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1239430B1 publication Critical patent/EP1239430B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/3082—Control of electrical fuel pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2024—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit the control switching a load after time-on and time-off pulses
    • F02D2041/2027—Control of the current by pulse width modulation or duty cycle control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2051—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using voltage control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2400/00—Control systems adapted for specific engine types; Special features of engine control systems not otherwise provided for; Power supply, connectors or cabling for engine control systems
    • F02D2400/16—Adaptation of engine control systems to a different battery voltages, e.g. for using high voltage batteries

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in electronic circuits, and in particular to an electronic circuit in which an electrical load, such as an electric motor in a vehicle automotive system, is connected to a battery driven electrical supply.
  • a further development is the use of an electronic circuit to control the movement of fluid into and out of the vehicle dampers allowing the suspension of the vehicle to be actively controlled.
  • This application requires a fast responding pump that is driven by an electric motor.
  • To drive the volume and pressure of fluid requires a relatively high power electric motor.
  • the electric systems are often self-contained units having two terminals for connection to the positive supply and an earth point respectively.
  • a smoothing capacitor is typically connected between the two terminals. This is usually an integral part of the self-contained unit.
  • relays are prone to damage when closing the contacts in the presence of the high charging currents associated with the high value smoothing capacitors required. High charging currents also reduce the reliability of large electrolytic capacitors.
  • an electronic circuit for connection to a voltage source comprising:
  • the switch since the switch is not in series with the power supply an increase in efficiency is gained as there is no power loss associated with the "on" resistance of the switch.
  • a still further benefit is that the switch no longer has to carry the full current drawn by the load and is not subject to the high voltages present in the 42 volt bus, and so can be of a lower power and voltage rating. This reduces the package size of the device and its associated heat sink.
  • the charging current can be controlled to be a 'soft' start by switching the element ON in a pulse width modulation PWM mode of operation.
  • the switching device may be modulated using a PWM mode in which the duty cycle is gradually increased when closing the switch from open to allow a gradual increase in the current allowed to charge the capacitor. This provides a slow charge feature which protects the capacitor. Consequently, the switch may be modulated using a PWM in with the duty cycle is decreased when moving from closed to open.
  • the electrical circuit may comprise part of an automotive system.
  • the supply may comprise a battery.
  • the supply may comprise a 42 volt supply, which may be stepped up from a lower battery voltage. The supply may remain connected to the load at all times, even when the ignition is switched off.
  • the switching device provided between the capacitor and OV may be driven from a lower voltage than the supply voltage.
  • the electronic circuit may be self-contained, with the electric load, the capacitor and the switching device being housed within a common housing.
  • the control circuit may also be located within the housing, or may be located remote from the housing.
  • the electrical load may include a switch which is operable to control the average current drawn by the load when it is operating.
  • the load may comprise a motor, for example, connected in series with a switch which may be pulse width modulated.
  • the switch may receive signals generated by a processing unit.
  • the processing unit may further be arranged to provide the control signal for the isolating switch.
  • the load may therefore comprise an electric motor.
  • the motor may form a part of an active suspension system for a vehicle.
  • the motor may be used to drive a pump.
  • the switching device comprises a semiconductor device such as field effect transistor (FET) or MOSFET.
  • FET field effect transistor
  • MOSFET metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • the switching device may be opened when the ignition of the vehicle is switched off. Alternatively, it may be opened at some other convenient time when the load that is associated with is inoperative.
  • the switching device may comprise two switches arranged in parallel.
  • the first one of the switches may be opened to allow only a limited flow of current through the capacitor, the second being opened to permit unlimited flow of current through the capacitor only once it has changed to a predetermined level.
  • the first and second switches may be operated by respective control signals, with the first switch defining a part of a trickle charge circuit.
  • a resistance may be provided in series with the first switch to limit the rate of charging of the capacitor.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates schematically an electronic circuit for a vehicle automotive system.
  • the circuit includes a load comprising an electric motor 1 which drives a pump (not shown).
  • the motor 1 is represented by a resistance R1 in series with an inductance L1.
  • the motor 1 is connected in series with a switching device 3 between voltage source 6 comprising a 42 volt supply and a ground rail.
  • the switch 3 is driven by a control signal V LOAD from a controller (not shown) to vary the speed of the motor when it is operational.
  • the motor is rated to draw a maximum load current of 60 amps from the supply.
  • a number of such switches may be provided to control each phase of a multi-phase motor.
  • an isolating semi-conductor switch 5 In series with the capacitor 4, between the capacitor 4 and the ground rail is an isolating semi-conductor switch 5. This switching device is normally closed to present a low impedance path between the capacitor 4 and the ground rail when the electrical load circuit is operational. By this, we mean that the vehicle is running or at least that the ignition is switched on.
  • the second switch In the event that the circuit is inoperative - for example when the vehicle ignition is switched off - the second switch is opened to isolate the capacitor from the ground rail. The isolation of the switch prevents unwanted quiescent currents flowing from the battery through the capacitor 4 to the ground rail.
  • the isolating switch is driven by a charge pump circuit applied to its gate which ensures that the switch is fully enhanced and independent of the 42 volt supply rail.
  • a pulse applied to the V IN terminal turns the switch on or off.
  • the quiescent currents arising from leakage from the capacitor are the main source of quiescent current in many electrical loads and power circuits to be connected to battery supplies.
  • a relatively low rating switch can be employed as the switch only has to carry the transient currents rather than the full load current of the load.
  • Figure 2 illustrates schematically an alternative electronic circuit similar to that shown in Figure 1 but including additional circuitry arranged to avoid rapid charging of the capacitor thereby increasing its reliability.
  • additional circuitry arranged to avoid rapid charging of the capacitor thereby increasing its reliability.
  • the additional circuitry comprises a trickle charge circuit which limits the rate at which current can be drawn through the capacitor when the isolating switch 5 is closed.
  • the circuit includes a secondary isolating switch connected in parallel with switch J. When a voltage at the node marked A/D is above a pre-set threshold the isolating switch is prevented from closing yet a current can flow through the capacitor 4 and the trickle charge circuit. When the voltage at the node A/D drops below a predetermined value as the capacitor is charged up, a control signal is sent to the isolating switch to tell it to open.
  • the trickle charge circuit provides for a two-stage opening of the connection from the smoothing capacitor to the ground rail to prevent a sudden increase in charging. This feature improves the reliability of the capacitor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Elektronische Schaltung zur Verbindung mit einer Spannungsquelle, aufweisend:
    eine elektrische Last (1), wie beispielsweise einen Motor;
    eine erste Verbindung, die zwischen einem Eingangsknoten der Last (1) und der Spannungsquelle (6) vorgesehen ist,
    eine zweite Verbindung, die zwischen einem Ausgangsknoten der Last (1) und einer Masseleitung vorgesehen ist,
    zumindest einen Glättungskondensator (4), der parallel zur Last (1) zwischen den Eingangsknoten und die Masseleitung geschaltet ist,
    eine Umschaltvorrichtung (5), die in Reihe zwischen den zumindest einen Glättungskondensator und die Masseleitung geschaltet ist, wobei die Umschaltvorrichtung normalerweise während eines Betriebs der Last geschlossen ist, und
    eine Steuerschaltung (8), welche so wirkt, dass die Umschaltvorrichtung öffnet, um den zumindest einen Kondensator von der Masse zu isolieren, wenn die Last nicht in Betrieb ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umschaltvorrichtung so wirkt, dass sie den zumindest einen Kondensator isoliert, aber nicht die Last von der Masse.
  2. Elektrische Schaltung nach Anspruch 1, welche einen Teil eines Automobilsystems aufweist.
  3. Elektrische Schaltung nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, bei welcher die Versorgung (6) eine Batterie aufweist.
  4. Elektrische Schaltung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei welcher die Umschaltvorrichtung (5), die zwischen dem Kondensator (4) und der Masseleitung vorgesehen ist, mit einer niedrigeren Spannung als der Versorgungsspannung betrieben wird.
  5. Elektrische Schaltung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei welcher die elektrische Last (1), der Kondensator (4) und die Umschaltvorrichtung (5) in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse angeordnet sind.
  6. Elektrische Schaltung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei welcher die elektrische Last (1) einen Schalter umfasst, welcher so wirkt, dass er den durchschnittlichen Strom steuert, der von der Last (1) gezogen wird, wenn sie betrieben wird.
  7. Elektrische Schaltung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei welcher die Last einen Motor umfasst, der mit einem Schalter in Reihe geschaltet ist, welcher pulsbreitenmoduliert ist.
  8. Elektrische Schaltung nach Anspruch 7, bei welcher der Schalter ein Signal empfängt, das mittels einer Verarbeitungseinheit erzeugt wird.
  9. Elektrische Schaltung nach Anspruch 8, bei welcher die Umschaltvorrichtung eine Halbleitervorrichtung, wie beispielsweise einen Effekttransistor, FET, oder einen MOSFET aufweist.
  10. Elektrische Schaltung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wenn abhängig von Anspruch 2, in welcher das Automobilsystem einen Fahrzeugzündschalter umfasst und in welcher die Umschaltvorrichtung geöffnet werden kann, wenn die Zündung des Fahrzeugs ausgeschaltet ist. ,
  11. Elektrische Schaltung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei welcher die Umschaltvorrichtung (5) zwei parallel angeordnete Schalter aufweist, wobei ein erster der Schalter geöffnet ist, um nur einen begrenzten Stromfluss durch den Kondensator (4) zu ermöglichen und ein zweiter der Schalter geöffnet ist, um einen unbegrenzten Stromfluss durch den Kondensator (4) zu ermöglichen, und zwar beim zweiten, sobald der Laststrom sich auf einen vorbestimmten Pegel geändert hat.
  12. Elektrische Schaltung nach Anspruch 11, bei welcher der erste und der zweite Schalter durch jeweilige Steuersignale betrieben werden und der erste Schalter einen Teil einer Erhaltungsladeschaltung (7) definiert.
  13. Elektrische Schaltung nach Anspruch 11 oder Anspruch 12, bei welcher ein Widerstand (2) in Reihe mit dem ersten Schalter vorgesehen ist, um die Laderate des Kondensators zu begrenzen.
EP20020251515 2001-03-08 2002-03-05 Eine elektronische Schaltung Expired - Lifetime EP1239430B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0105655A GB0105655D0 (en) 2001-03-08 2001-03-08 An electronic circuit
GB0105655 2001-03-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1239430A1 EP1239430A1 (de) 2002-09-11
EP1239430B1 true EP1239430B1 (de) 2007-09-19

Family

ID=9910185

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20020251515 Expired - Lifetime EP1239430B1 (de) 2001-03-08 2002-03-05 Eine elektronische Schaltung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1239430B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60222488T2 (de)
GB (1) GB0105655D0 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104426422A (zh) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-18 大陆汽车有限公司 对电容性执行器充电和放电的设备和具有这种设备的装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007054191A1 (de) * 2007-11-14 2009-05-28 Sitronic Gesellschaft für elektrotechnische Ausrüstung mbH. & Co. KG Elektronische Regeleinrichtung

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2541594C3 (de) * 1975-09-18 1978-09-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Vorrichtung zur Ruhestromabschaltung bei einer für Brennkraftmaschinen bestimmten Zündanlage
US4954805A (en) * 1990-02-06 1990-09-04 General Signal Corporation Piezo electronic horn
US5742142A (en) * 1996-08-09 1998-04-21 Delco Electronics Corp. Low radiated emission motor speed control with PWM regulator

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104426422A (zh) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-18 大陆汽车有限公司 对电容性执行器充电和放电的设备和具有这种设备的装置
CN104426422B (zh) * 2013-08-27 2018-04-03 大陆汽车有限公司 对电容性执行器充电和放电的设备和具有这种设备的装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60222488D1 (de) 2007-10-31
DE60222488T2 (de) 2008-01-24
GB0105655D0 (en) 2001-04-25
EP1239430A1 (de) 2002-09-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4223379B2 (ja) スイッチングデバイスの制御装置およびモーターの駆動回路の制御装置
US5889392A (en) Switch-mode regulators and methods providing transient response speed-up
CN109130893B (zh) 电动和/或混合动力车辆的电池连接系统
WO2015166547A1 (ja) 電源開閉装置及びそれを用いたシステム
JPH10229639A (ja) 集積化供給保護
EP3301799B1 (de) Nichtisolierter bidirektionaler gleichspannungswandler mit verbesserter stabilität
US7733038B2 (en) Switching device for linking various electrical voltage levels in a motor vehicle
EP1964753B1 (de) Motorsteuergerät und elektrische Servolenkungsvorrichtung
US7907431B2 (en) Devices and methods for converting or buffering a voltage
CN104052372A (zh) 电机驱动装置
EP3051648B1 (de) Einschaltstrombegrenzungsschaltung und leistungswandlervorrichtung
JP2011504088A (ja) 昇圧回路
US5939908A (en) Dual FET driver circuit
CN111727487A (zh) 直流电断路器
EP1239430B1 (de) Eine elektronische Schaltung
KR101959907B1 (ko) 차량의 통합형 전력 변환장치
JP3302386B2 (ja) 高電圧バッテリを用いた車輌用負荷の駆動回路
US4839769A (en) Driver protection circuit
US20220029442A1 (en) Assembly for switching a high-voltage battery in a vehicle
CN112534720A (zh) 驱动电路
EP1757174B1 (de) Hochstrom-ladungspumpe für intelligenten leistungsschaltertreiber
US9054582B2 (en) Load control circuit in a motor vehicle control device
CA2518757C (en) Hybrid drive system and method for controlling a hybrid drive system
US11716072B1 (en) Time multiplexing voltage clamping in coil driving circuit for a contactor during quick turn off
KR102620299B1 (ko) 저전압 직류 변환장치의 암전류 차단 장치 및 그 방법

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20030228

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20050222

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 60222488

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20071031

Kind code of ref document: P

ET Fr: translation filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20071230

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20080620

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20100324

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20100303

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20100312

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080331

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20110305

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20111130

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20111001

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110305

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 60222488

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20111001