EP1239430B1 - Un circuit électronique - Google Patents

Un circuit électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1239430B1
EP1239430B1 EP20020251515 EP02251515A EP1239430B1 EP 1239430 B1 EP1239430 B1 EP 1239430B1 EP 20020251515 EP20020251515 EP 20020251515 EP 02251515 A EP02251515 A EP 02251515A EP 1239430 B1 EP1239430 B1 EP 1239430B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
capacitor
circuit according
electrical circuit
switching device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20020251515
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1239430A1 (fr
Inventor
Tim Lloyd
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF International UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Lucas Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lucas Industries Ltd filed Critical Lucas Industries Ltd
Publication of EP1239430A1 publication Critical patent/EP1239430A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1239430B1 publication Critical patent/EP1239430B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/3082—Control of electrical fuel pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2024—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit the control switching a load after time-on and time-off pulses
    • F02D2041/2027—Control of the current by pulse width modulation or duty cycle control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2051—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using voltage control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2400/00—Control systems adapted for specific engine types; Special features of engine control systems not otherwise provided for; Power supply, connectors or cabling for engine control systems
    • F02D2400/16—Adaptation of engine control systems to a different battery voltages, e.g. for using high voltage batteries

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in electronic circuits, and in particular to an electronic circuit in which an electrical load, such as an electric motor in a vehicle automotive system, is connected to a battery driven electrical supply.
  • a further development is the use of an electronic circuit to control the movement of fluid into and out of the vehicle dampers allowing the suspension of the vehicle to be actively controlled.
  • This application requires a fast responding pump that is driven by an electric motor.
  • To drive the volume and pressure of fluid requires a relatively high power electric motor.
  • the electric systems are often self-contained units having two terminals for connection to the positive supply and an earth point respectively.
  • a smoothing capacitor is typically connected between the two terminals. This is usually an integral part of the self-contained unit.
  • relays are prone to damage when closing the contacts in the presence of the high charging currents associated with the high value smoothing capacitors required. High charging currents also reduce the reliability of large electrolytic capacitors.
  • an electronic circuit for connection to a voltage source comprising:
  • the switch since the switch is not in series with the power supply an increase in efficiency is gained as there is no power loss associated with the "on" resistance of the switch.
  • a still further benefit is that the switch no longer has to carry the full current drawn by the load and is not subject to the high voltages present in the 42 volt bus, and so can be of a lower power and voltage rating. This reduces the package size of the device and its associated heat sink.
  • the charging current can be controlled to be a 'soft' start by switching the element ON in a pulse width modulation PWM mode of operation.
  • the switching device may be modulated using a PWM mode in which the duty cycle is gradually increased when closing the switch from open to allow a gradual increase in the current allowed to charge the capacitor. This provides a slow charge feature which protects the capacitor. Consequently, the switch may be modulated using a PWM in with the duty cycle is decreased when moving from closed to open.
  • the electrical circuit may comprise part of an automotive system.
  • the supply may comprise a battery.
  • the supply may comprise a 42 volt supply, which may be stepped up from a lower battery voltage. The supply may remain connected to the load at all times, even when the ignition is switched off.
  • the switching device provided between the capacitor and OV may be driven from a lower voltage than the supply voltage.
  • the electronic circuit may be self-contained, with the electric load, the capacitor and the switching device being housed within a common housing.
  • the control circuit may also be located within the housing, or may be located remote from the housing.
  • the electrical load may include a switch which is operable to control the average current drawn by the load when it is operating.
  • the load may comprise a motor, for example, connected in series with a switch which may be pulse width modulated.
  • the switch may receive signals generated by a processing unit.
  • the processing unit may further be arranged to provide the control signal for the isolating switch.
  • the load may therefore comprise an electric motor.
  • the motor may form a part of an active suspension system for a vehicle.
  • the motor may be used to drive a pump.
  • the switching device comprises a semiconductor device such as field effect transistor (FET) or MOSFET.
  • FET field effect transistor
  • MOSFET metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • the switching device may be opened when the ignition of the vehicle is switched off. Alternatively, it may be opened at some other convenient time when the load that is associated with is inoperative.
  • the switching device may comprise two switches arranged in parallel.
  • the first one of the switches may be opened to allow only a limited flow of current through the capacitor, the second being opened to permit unlimited flow of current through the capacitor only once it has changed to a predetermined level.
  • the first and second switches may be operated by respective control signals, with the first switch defining a part of a trickle charge circuit.
  • a resistance may be provided in series with the first switch to limit the rate of charging of the capacitor.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates schematically an electronic circuit for a vehicle automotive system.
  • the circuit includes a load comprising an electric motor 1 which drives a pump (not shown).
  • the motor 1 is represented by a resistance R1 in series with an inductance L1.
  • the motor 1 is connected in series with a switching device 3 between voltage source 6 comprising a 42 volt supply and a ground rail.
  • the switch 3 is driven by a control signal V LOAD from a controller (not shown) to vary the speed of the motor when it is operational.
  • the motor is rated to draw a maximum load current of 60 amps from the supply.
  • a number of such switches may be provided to control each phase of a multi-phase motor.
  • an isolating semi-conductor switch 5 In series with the capacitor 4, between the capacitor 4 and the ground rail is an isolating semi-conductor switch 5. This switching device is normally closed to present a low impedance path between the capacitor 4 and the ground rail when the electrical load circuit is operational. By this, we mean that the vehicle is running or at least that the ignition is switched on.
  • the second switch In the event that the circuit is inoperative - for example when the vehicle ignition is switched off - the second switch is opened to isolate the capacitor from the ground rail. The isolation of the switch prevents unwanted quiescent currents flowing from the battery through the capacitor 4 to the ground rail.
  • the isolating switch is driven by a charge pump circuit applied to its gate which ensures that the switch is fully enhanced and independent of the 42 volt supply rail.
  • a pulse applied to the V IN terminal turns the switch on or off.
  • the quiescent currents arising from leakage from the capacitor are the main source of quiescent current in many electrical loads and power circuits to be connected to battery supplies.
  • a relatively low rating switch can be employed as the switch only has to carry the transient currents rather than the full load current of the load.
  • Figure 2 illustrates schematically an alternative electronic circuit similar to that shown in Figure 1 but including additional circuitry arranged to avoid rapid charging of the capacitor thereby increasing its reliability.
  • additional circuitry arranged to avoid rapid charging of the capacitor thereby increasing its reliability.
  • the additional circuitry comprises a trickle charge circuit which limits the rate at which current can be drawn through the capacitor when the isolating switch 5 is closed.
  • the circuit includes a secondary isolating switch connected in parallel with switch J. When a voltage at the node marked A/D is above a pre-set threshold the isolating switch is prevented from closing yet a current can flow through the capacitor 4 and the trickle charge circuit. When the voltage at the node A/D drops below a predetermined value as the capacitor is charged up, a control signal is sent to the isolating switch to tell it to open.
  • the trickle charge circuit provides for a two-stage opening of the connection from the smoothing capacitor to the ground rail to prevent a sudden increase in charging. This feature improves the reliability of the capacitor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Circuit électronique pour une connexion à une source de tension comprenant :
    une charge électrique (1), telle qu'un moteur ;
    une première connexion fournie entre un noeud d'entrée de la charge (1) et la source de tension (6),
    une seconde connexion fournie entre un noeud de sortie de la charge (1) et un rail de terre,
    au moins un condensateur de lissage (4) connecté en parallèle à la charge (1) entre le noeud d'entrée et le rail de terre,
    un dispositif de commutation (5) connecté en série entre le au moins un condensateur de lissage et le rail de terre, le dispositif de commutation étant normalement fermé au cours du fonctionnement de la charge, et
    un circuit de commande (8) qui fonctionne pour ouvrir le dispositif de commutation afin d'isoler le au moins un condensateur de la terre lorsque la charge ne fonctionne pas,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commutation fonctionne de manière à isoler le au moins un condensateur mais non la charge de la terre.
  2. Circuit électrique selon la revendication 1 qui comprend une partie d'un système automobile.
  3. Circuit électrique selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans lequel l'alimentation (6) comprend une batterie.
  4. Circuit électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le dispositif de commutation (5) disposé entre le condensateur (4) et le rail de terre est excité à partir d'une tension inférieure par rapport à la tension d'alimentation.
  5. Circuit électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la charge électrique (1), le condensateur (4) et le dispositif de commutation (5) sont logés à l'intérieur d'un logement commun.
  6. Circuit électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la charge électrique (1) comprend un commutateur qui fonctionne de manière à contrôler le courant moyen tiré par la charge (1) lorsqu'elle fonctionne.
  7. Circuit électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la charge comprend un moteur connecté en série à un commutateur qui est modulé par impulsions en durée.
  8. Circuit électrique selon la revendication 7, dans lequel le commutateur reçoit des signaux générés par une unité de traitement.
  9. Circuit électrique selon la revendication 8, dans lequel le dispositif de commutation comprend un dispositif à semi-conducteur tel qu'un transistor à effet de champ (TEC) ou un transistor à effet de champ de semi-conducteur d'oxyde de métal (TECSCOM).
  10. Circuit électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes lorsqu'elle est dépendante de la revendication 2, dans lequel le système automobile comprend un commutateur d'allumage de véhicule et dans lequel le dispositif de commutation peut être ouvert lorsque l'allumage du véhicule est éteint.
  11. Circuit électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le dispositif de commutation (5) comprend deux commutateurs disposés en parallèle, dans lequel un premier commutateur parmi les commutateurs est ouvert afin de permettre uniquement un passage limité de courant à travers le condensateur (4) et un second commutateur parmi les commutateurs est ouvert afin de permettre un passage illimité de courant à travers le condensateur (4), le second commutateur étant ouvert une fois que le courant de charge a changé pour arriver à un niveau prédéterminé.
  12. Circuit électrique selon la revendication 11, dans lequel le premier et le second commutateur fonctionnent au moyen de signaux de commande respectifs et le premier commutateur définit une partie d'un circuit de charge d'entretien (7).
  13. Circuit électrique selon la revendication 11 ou la revendication 12, dans lequel une résistance (2) est disposée en série avec le premier commutateur afin de limiter le taux de chargement du condensateur.
EP20020251515 2001-03-08 2002-03-05 Un circuit électronique Expired - Lifetime EP1239430B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0105655 2001-03-08
GB0105655A GB0105655D0 (en) 2001-03-08 2001-03-08 An electronic circuit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1239430A1 EP1239430A1 (fr) 2002-09-11
EP1239430B1 true EP1239430B1 (fr) 2007-09-19

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20020251515 Expired - Lifetime EP1239430B1 (fr) 2001-03-08 2002-03-05 Un circuit électronique

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP1239430B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60222488T2 (fr)
GB (1) GB0105655D0 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104426422A (zh) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-18 大陆汽车有限公司 对电容性执行器充电和放电的设备和具有这种设备的装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007054191A1 (de) 2007-11-14 2009-05-28 Sitronic Gesellschaft für elektrotechnische Ausrüstung mbH. & Co. KG Elektronische Regeleinrichtung

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2541594C3 (de) * 1975-09-18 1978-09-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Vorrichtung zur Ruhestromabschaltung bei einer für Brennkraftmaschinen bestimmten Zündanlage
US4954805A (en) * 1990-02-06 1990-09-04 General Signal Corporation Piezo electronic horn
US5742142A (en) * 1996-08-09 1998-04-21 Delco Electronics Corp. Low radiated emission motor speed control with PWM regulator

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104426422A (zh) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-18 大陆汽车有限公司 对电容性执行器充电和放电的设备和具有这种设备的装置
CN104426422B (zh) * 2013-08-27 2018-04-03 大陆汽车有限公司 对电容性执行器充电和放电的设备和具有这种设备的装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60222488T2 (de) 2008-01-24
DE60222488D1 (de) 2007-10-31
EP1239430A1 (fr) 2002-09-11
GB0105655D0 (en) 2001-04-25

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