EP1232537B1 - Antennensystem - Google Patents
Antennensystem Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1232537B1 EP1232537B1 EP00988620A EP00988620A EP1232537B1 EP 1232537 B1 EP1232537 B1 EP 1232537B1 EP 00988620 A EP00988620 A EP 00988620A EP 00988620 A EP00988620 A EP 00988620A EP 1232537 B1 EP1232537 B1 EP 1232537B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- antenna system
- antennas
- control unit
- module
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
- H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
- H01Q9/285—Planar dipole
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/285—Aircraft wire antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
- H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
Definitions
- the invention relates to an antenna system for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves, especially in the shortwave range. Furthermore, the concerns Invention, a vehicle with such an antenna system, which for a mobile use is suitable.
- dipole antennas usually when using antennas in mountainous terrain or when sending of electromagnetic waves, especially in the shortwave range, one possible vertical or steep radiation of the energy required.
- dipole antennas A ideal radiation characteristic is obtained preferably in a dipole antenna (dipole for short called) whose length corresponds to one half of the wavelength and which generally as Lambda half-dipole is called (also called ⁇ / 2 dipole).
- the transmission behavior and vice versa the reception behavior of a half-wave dipole is by a largely good omnidirectional characteristic and a relatively large vertical Beam angle marked.
- a disadvantage of the half-wave dipole is that for a particularly broadband use in the shortwave range, for example from 2 to 30 MHz, the antenna length varies between 75 and 5 m. Thus, such is antenna system made of a half-wave dipole for a mobile Use not suitable. In addition, dipole antennas are only in the lower one Frequency range can be used if they are attenuated accordingly. This is again associated with heavy losses, which are avoided by Matching devices are provided. However, these matching devices are due to the high Requirements regarding quality and accuracy of adjustment very expensive.
- loop antennas are used.
- the Loop antenna is a so-called short-circuit antenna, which in Compared to the dipole antenna a largely good frequency response in a broad Frequency range, wherein the radiation characteristic with respect to a steep Beam angle is limited. Due to the operation of the antenna system inevitable, very high currents of the loop antenna includes this very expensive Engines and electrical components that are permanently installed. An exchange of Components or a quick assembly / disassembly of the entire antenna system is therefore not possible or only very limited possible.
- EP 0 809 321 A1 an antenna system with two dipole halves is described which are connected via a control unit.
- the control unit includes a Power divider module and each dipole half a matching module and a central Control unit that is connected to each of the two matching modules and this controls.
- the invention is therefore based on the object, an antenna system for a broad frequency range with a particularly simple structure and a indicate as vertical or steep emission characteristic, which especially suitable for mobile use.
- the object is achieved by an antenna system for frequencies, in particular in the shortwave range, according to claim 1.
- the two antennas form in this case with regard to the directional beam characteristic Dipole antenna. This is when you use the very good Precipitating characteristic of a dipole antenna at the same time a simple construction of the Antenna system allows.
- each antenna is designed as a monopole rod antenna as an antenna intended.
- the dipole antenna underlying the largely good High-beam characteristic used in the short-wave range.
- the Use of the rod or monopole antennas due to the low Input impedance is a largely simple adaptation of the impedance range allows, which in turn makes a particularly simple construction of the control unit is guaranteed.
- the control unit and the two antennas are on a carrier element arranged.
- the carrier element is preferably provided for mounting on a vehicle.
- a carrier element is for example a frame or a Dachgepburgtcäger.
- the antenna system or the antenna system particularly easy to assemble or to disassemble.
- the antenna system can be changed without changing the antenna system regardless of the vehicle type by means of the carrier element on different vehicles be installed and is thus suitable for universal use on mobile Vehicles.
- the two antennas are for the emission of a particular Frequency connected so that the two antennas with Signals which are phase-rotated by 180 ° to each other, excited or fed can.
- the control unit comprises a Power splitter module.
- the two same matching modules are used to adjust the output of the Control unit to the respective input impedance of the two antennas.
- each antenna is fed symmetrically. This is one of a transmitter outgoing signal with a predetermined power by means of Power divider module separated. That each antenna is halfway with the one from the Transmitter outgoing transmit power fed.
- An adaptation module comprises a measuring unit and a controller. By means of the measuring unit the input impedance associated with the given frequency is determined.
- the Control causes, based on the impedance values determined for the two antennas corresponding to at least one L / C member and / or required for adaptation Number of so-called network elements, e.g. L-members, C-members, active is switched.
- the tuning or fitting process runs preferably for each Antenna iteratively off, i.
- those of the measuring unit determined measured values of the controller for determining the for the adjustment required number of L / C members supplied.
- the Measured values and / or the number of L / C links for both antennas where the mutual dependence of the two antennas by their electrical coupling is taken into account.
- the connection of the L / C member or the L / C members takes place to ensure the anti-phase excitation of the two antennas synchronous.
- a matching module expediently a memory module, in which for different frequencies Size and number of L / C links to be switched, i. appropriate Network settings are stored.
- the deposit preferably takes place after a completed fitting process. For example, for a frequency range from 2 to 30 MHz at intervals of 5 MHz, the respective associated impedance values and as a result, the corresponding number, type and / or size of L / C members deposited. Instead of a current measurement of the input impedance is then by means of the control unit automatically for a given frequency the corresponding Combination and / or number of L / C links activated.
- a matching module is provided per antenna.
- the Matching modules have a similar structure whereby production costs are minimized.
- the two fitting modules are According to the invention connected via a control cable.
- the two Matching modules are connected to each other after an initialization phase such that one adaptation module works as master and the other as slave.
- the synchronization of Both matching modules takes place via the control cable such that the master working fitting module the required number and values of the L / C-links for the respective antenna determined.
- the adaption module operating as a slave is replaced by the Control cable corresponding synchronized measurement and / or control commands from the master.
- a power divider module For power distribution of the radiation energy to be output to the two antennas, is provided as a power divider module preferably a transformer.
- a transformer Of the Transformer is particularly robust and simple and separates that from one Transmitter incoming signal with a total power in two signals with each half and thus the same performance.
- the antenna system is disposed on a vehicle, wherein at least one means is provided which the two antennas predominantly in horizontal position and diametrically opposed to each other.
- the free ones End portions of the respective antenna are arranged substantially horizontally, wherein have the two free end portions at an angle of 180 ° away from one another.
- the antenna system may comprise at least one antenna (2). in turn, themselves as an antenna system with two antennas over a control unit are connected to each other, is formed. This is a Given antenna system, which has a high quality and particularly good RF characteristics having.
- the advantages achieved are in particular that by the Arrangement of two antennas each designed as a monopole to a dipole antenna the dipole antenna characterizing, particularly good directional radiation properties at the same time simple construction of the antenna system are ensured. Furthermore allows the largely simple adaptation of the two antennas a modular Structure of the control unit, allowing a largely good flexibility and mobility of the entire antenna system and interchangeability of individual components given is.
- FIG. 1 shows an antenna system 1.
- the antenna system 1 comprises two Antennas 2, which are connected to each other via a control unit 4.
- the two Antennas 2 together form a dipole antenna.
- the two antennas 2 are over the Control unit 4 electrically coupled together.
- the two antennas 2 are preferred each formed as a monopoly.
- a monopoly designates a single one Rod antenna.
- the two antennas 2 are so mutually connected by means of the control unit 4 connected in that they have the radiation characteristic of a dipole in operation. By such a connection of two monopolies to a dipole is a Beam angle of 70 ° to 90 ° allows.
- the antennas 2 are not shown in detail contacts, for example via simple plug or screw, connected to the control unit 4.
- the Control unit 4 is by means of a plug unit 6 with a not shown Transmitter and / or receiver unit connected.
- the plug unit 6 is such executed that the control unit 4 are particularly easy to assemble or disassemble can.
- all components - the antennas 2 and the control unit 4 - are such connected to each other, that they are arbitrary due to the simple connections can be replaced or added to other components.
- the two antennas 2 are fed symmetrically. That the two antennas 2 are in terms of performance, each with half of Radiation power fed.
- the antennas 2 respectively supplied frequencies preferably 180 ° to each other phase-rotated. Due to the use of the Antenna system 1 for different frequencies in the shortwave range, in particular in a range of 2 to 30 MHz, the control unit 4 further serves Tuning of the two antennas 2, in particular the adaptation to the Input impedance.
- FIG. 2 shows the antenna system 1 with a control unit 4 shown in more detail, which is modular.
- the control unit 4 comprises an adaptation module 8 and a Power divider module 10.
- the two modules - fitting module 8 and Power divider module 10 - are connected to each other via two control lines 11.
- the power splitter module 10 is used to split the from an amplifier (not shown) transmitted power, by means of the control lines 11 via the Matching module 8 of the respective antenna 2 is supplied in half each. For example, if the power of the amplifier is 400 W, each antenna 2 is supplied with 200 W.
- a transformer is preferably provided.
- the Adjustment module 8 is used to adapt or tune the respective antenna 2. Dazu
- the adaptation module 8 has a number of L / C elements (not shown).
- FIG 3 shows an antenna system according to the invention in a detailed representation, with two individual Anpassmodulen 8 und.dem power divider module 10.
- each matching module 8 with an associated antenna 2 connected.
- the two matching modules 8 are over Control cable 16 connected together.
- Each of the matching modules 8 is over one associated control line 11 connected to the power splitter module 10.
- the respective adaptation module 8 has a Measuring unit 12 for determining measured values, in particular for determining Input impedances, and a controller 14, which the activation of a Tuning the respective input impedance required number of L / C-links, in particular the C-elements, serves
- the tuning process takes place in an Initial Deutschenspiozeß in which one of the two matching modules 8 as the master and the other be defined as a slave, such that in the master based on the determined Measurements of the measuring unit 12 the required number of L / C elements for adjustment the two antennas 2 is determined.
- the master leads the slave by means of the Control cable 16 corresponding measuring and / or control commands for tuning the associated antenna 2 to.
- the data exchange is synchronized.
- the setting commands for Activation of the L / C members are synchronized such that the two antennas. 2 be stimulated in phase opposition and synchronously.
- the fitting or described Tuning is an iterative process, where in each iteration cycle both the Measurements as well as the control commands for controlling the tuning process for each Antenna 2 can be determined.
- Antenna system 1 can be reduced to a simple monopole antenna by one of the both antennas 2 is deactivated, e.g. by switching off by means of the controller 14 or by disconnecting from the matching module 8.
- the respective fitting module 8 additionally or alternatively comprise a memory module 28.
- the memory module 28 are preferably for different frequencies in the frequency range from 2 to 30 MHz, e.g. in 5 MHz distance, in each case the associated impedance values and the resulting required L / C-elements (number and size).
- FIG. 4 shows a vehicle 18 with an antenna system 1 of the type described above.
- the antenna system 1 is arranged on a carrier element 20, which on the roof of the vehicle 18 is attached.
- the respective modules individually or together e.g. surround from a housing, arranged on the carrier element 20.
- the respective matching module 8 for the associated antenna 2 on the Carrier element 20 attached.
- the two antennas 2 are centered on the two Matching modules 8 arranged and not shown connecting elements connected with each other.
- the supply of the antennas 2 is the Power divider module 10 at the base of the two antennas 2 arranged.
- the antenna system 1 is easy to arrange on the support member 20 due to its modular design.
- the individual elements of the antenna system 1 can be exchanged or replaced as desired or added, this can always be done independently of the vehicle 18. Thus is ensures a largely good flexibility and mobility of the antenna system 1.
- the free ends of the two antennas 2 are arranged diametrically opposite each other. To the free ends are at the respectively associated end of the vehicle 18th attached so that they are held horizontally and diametrically to each other.
- Such horizontal arrangement of the two antennas 2 becomes the emission characteristic positively influenced, in particular, a possible vertical or steeper Beam angle achieved, so that when used in the shortwave range depending on the transmission power, the time of day and the direction of radiation distances from 0 to 300 km and further are possible.
- antenna 2 for example, for mobile use a rod antenna with a preferred length of about 4 m used.
- antennas 2 with a largely good antenna gain and thus with a significant gain
- Availability with the best possible radiation properties - if possible good steep-jet characteristic from 70 ° to 90 ° - and as wide as possible usable Frequency range from 2 to 30 MHz also have rod antennas with a length of up to 7 m. Due to the particularly simple and compact design of the Antenna system 1 become the regulations of the valid road traffic regulations complied with, preferably as a vehicle 18, a vehicle with a length of 456cm and a height of about 195 cm is used.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Description
- FIG 1
- ein Antennensystem mit zwei über eine Steuereinheit verbundenen Antennen,
- FIG 2
- ein Antennensystem mit einer Steuereinheit, umfassend ein Anpassmodul und ein Leistungsteilermodul,
- FIG 3
- ein Antennensystem mit einer Steuereinheit, umfassend zwei Anpassmodule und ein Leistungsteilermodul, und
- FIG 4
- ein Fahrzeug mit einem Antennensystem.
Claims (8)
- Antennensystem (1) für elektromagnetische Wellen, insbesondere im Kurzwellenbereich, umfassend zwei Antennen (2) die gemeinsam eine Dipolantenne bilden, sowie eine Steuereinheit (4), wobei die Antennen (2) über die Steuereinheit (4) miteinander verbunden sind und wobei die Steuereinheit (4) ein Leistungsteilermodul (10) sowie jede Antenne (2) ein Anpassmodul (8) und eine Anzahl von L/C-Gliedern umfaßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes der beiden gleichen Anpassmodule (8) eine Meßeinheit (12) zur Bestimmung der Eingangsimpedanzen sowie eine Steuerung (14), welche der Aktivierung einer zur Abstimmung der jeweiligen Eingangsimpedanz erforderlichen Anzahl von L/C-Gliedern dient, aufweist, und dass ein Steuerkabel (16) vorhanden ist, über welches die beiden Anpassmodule (8) miteinander verbunden sind, und dass der Abstimmvorgang des Antennensystems (1) in einem Initialisierungsprozess derart erfolgt, dass eines der beiden Anpassmodule (8) als Master und das andere als Slave arbeitet, wobei der Master dem Slave mittels des Steuerkabels (16) Meßund/oder Stellbefehle zur Abstimmung der zugehörigen Antenne (2) zuführt.
- Antennensystem nach Anspruch 1, bei dem als Antenne (2) jeweils eine Stabantenne vorgesehen ist.
- Antennensystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei dem die Steuereinheit (4) und die beiden Antennen (2) auf einem Trägerelement (20) angeordnet sind.
- Antennensystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei dem das Trägerelement (20) für eine Montage auf ein Fahrzeug (18) eingerichtet ist.
- Antennensystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei dem die beiden Antennen (2) mit der Steuereinheit (4) derart verbunden sind, daß die beiden Antennen (2) mit einer Phasenverschiebung von 180° angeregt werden können.
- Antennensystem nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei dem als Leistungsteilermodul (10) ein Transformator vorgesehen ist.
- Verwendung eines Antennensystems nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche auf einem Fahrzeug (18).
- Verwendung eines Antennensystems nach Anspruch 7, wobei an dem Fahrzeug (18) mindestens ein Mittel vorgesehen ist, welches die beiden Antennen (2) vorwiegend in horizontaler Lage und diametral zueinander hält.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI200030644T SI1232537T1 (en) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-17 | Antenna system |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19955950 | 1999-11-19 | ||
DE19955950A DE19955950A1 (de) | 1999-11-19 | 1999-11-19 | Antennensystem |
PCT/DE2000/004037 WO2001039327A1 (de) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-17 | Antennensystem |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1232537A1 EP1232537A1 (de) | 2002-08-21 |
EP1232537B1 true EP1232537B1 (de) | 2005-01-12 |
Family
ID=7929791
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00988620A Expired - Lifetime EP1232537B1 (de) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-17 | Antennensystem |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6693602B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1232537B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19955950A1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO325819B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001039327A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10135765A1 (de) * | 2001-07-23 | 2003-02-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Antenne |
FR2829622B1 (fr) | 2001-09-11 | 2004-04-09 | Thales Sa | Systeme antennaire a rendement elevee et a forte puissance |
US20090284431A1 (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2009-11-19 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Intergration Inc. | Integrated electronics matching circuit at an antenna feed point for establishing wide bandwidth, low vswr operation, and method of design |
DE102014103669A1 (de) * | 2014-03-18 | 2015-09-24 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Vorrichtung zum Senden- und/oder Empfangen von elektromagnetischen Wellen |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE120977C (de) | ||||
SE361110B (de) * | 1972-03-29 | 1973-10-15 | Allgon Ab | |
US4201990A (en) * | 1975-04-21 | 1980-05-06 | Hustler, Inc. | Tunable dipole antenna |
DD120977A1 (de) * | 1975-08-25 | 1976-07-05 | ||
US4038662A (en) * | 1975-10-07 | 1977-07-26 | Ball Brothers Research Corporation | Dielectric sheet mounted dipole antenna with reactive loading |
US4319249A (en) * | 1980-01-30 | 1982-03-09 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Method and antenna for improved sidelobe performance in dipole arrays |
US4479130A (en) * | 1981-06-05 | 1984-10-23 | Snyder Richard D | Broadband antennae employing coaxial transmission line sections |
NL8902812A (nl) * | 1989-11-14 | 1991-06-03 | Tno | Zelfafstembare hoogfrequente antenne. |
NZ235010A (en) * | 1990-08-22 | 1993-12-23 | Deltec New Zealand | Dipole panel antenna with electrically tiltable beam. |
FR2751471B1 (fr) | 1990-12-14 | 1999-02-12 | Dassault Electronique | Dispositif rayonnant a large bande susceptible de plusieurs polarisations |
US5517206A (en) * | 1991-07-30 | 1996-05-14 | Ball Corporation | Broad band antenna structure |
US5528252A (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1996-06-18 | Ntl Technologies Inc. | Dipole television antenna |
DE19620333A1 (de) * | 1996-05-21 | 1997-11-27 | Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag | Symmetrierendes Antennenanpaßgerät |
-
1999
- 1999-11-19 DE DE19955950A patent/DE19955950A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-11-17 WO PCT/DE2000/004037 patent/WO2001039327A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-11-17 EP EP00988620A patent/EP1232537B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-17 US US10/130,352 patent/US6693602B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-17 DE DE50009241T patent/DE50009241D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-05-16 NO NO20022354A patent/NO325819B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO20022354L (no) | 2002-05-16 |
NO20022354D0 (no) | 2002-05-16 |
WO2001039327A1 (de) | 2001-05-31 |
DE50009241D1 (de) | 2005-02-17 |
DE19955950A1 (de) | 2001-06-13 |
EP1232537A1 (de) | 2002-08-21 |
NO325819B1 (no) | 2008-07-21 |
US6693602B1 (en) | 2004-02-17 |
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