EP1225999A1 - Procede et dispositifs pour former des tuyaux - Google Patents

Procede et dispositifs pour former des tuyaux

Info

Publication number
EP1225999A1
EP1225999A1 EP00952827A EP00952827A EP1225999A1 EP 1225999 A1 EP1225999 A1 EP 1225999A1 EP 00952827 A EP00952827 A EP 00952827A EP 00952827 A EP00952827 A EP 00952827A EP 1225999 A1 EP1225999 A1 EP 1225999A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
welding
rollers
tube
frames
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00952827A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Gysi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elpatronic AG
Original Assignee
Elpatronic AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elpatronic AG filed Critical Elpatronic AG
Publication of EP1225999A1 publication Critical patent/EP1225999A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/053—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work aligning cylindrical work; Clamping devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/0046—Welding
    • B23K15/0053—Seam welding
    • B23K15/006—Seam welding of rectilinear seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/26—Seam welding of rectilinear seams
    • B23K26/262—Seam welding of rectilinear seams of longitudinal seams of tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/047—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work moving work to adjust its position between soldering, welding or cutting steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/053—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work aligning cylindrical work; Clamping devices therefor
    • B23K37/0535—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work aligning cylindrical work; Clamping devices therefor longitudinal pipe seam alignment clamps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods according to the
  • non-rotationally symmetrical bodies e.g. elliptical in cross section, or oval bodies with partially flattened or parallel side wall parts or square or triangular bodies.
  • the cross-section depends on the intended use, which can require all possible cross-sectional shapes.
  • the starting material for such bodies to be processed into molded parts by internal high-pressure forming is a flat sheet metal section, which represents the jacket of the future body.
  • the sheet metal section is formed into a long, tubular body which is not longitudinally closed, since the corresponding sheet metal edges lie next to one another but are not yet connected to one another.
  • the connection is made by welding with an energy beam such as a laser or by another suitable welding process, while the longitudinal edges are held in butt surfaces.
  • the quality of the weld seam is subject to special requirements, for example regarding tightness and elasticity during the subsequent hydroforming.
  • this object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned at the beginning with the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • a transfer of the tubular frames is sought in such a way that their outer skin remains free of damage, and in particular that a correct position of the edges is ensured during the transfer and possibly a first compression of the tubular frame with regard to a the gap in the area of the welding is subsequently closed.
  • Compression of the tubes may be indicated because after the sheet metal section has been plastically deformed into a tube, elastic resilience takes place, which opens the gap between the edges again.
  • the gap is sufficiently or not quite narrow.
  • the use of different sheet metal alloys or thicknesses in a given system will result in a differently formed gap, which may subsequently require a correction in the machining of the frame.
  • centering agents for the edge position during the transfer can also attack on the inside or on the edges themselves.
  • Such centering means e.g. in the form of rollers acting on the inside and / or leaf spring means acting on the edges are advantageous in order to bring the tubular frame to the welding machine in advance so that only slight alignment movements are necessary there in addition to the frame closure. It is further preferred if a partial closing of the gap of the frame is already possible during the transfer, which is preferably done by externally acting drive rollers for the frames that are adjustable in their mutual position.
  • the pull-in means receive the frame in an open position of the pull-in means, there is no sudden impact of the tubular frame on it, which could impair its outer skin.
  • the closing of the feed rollers to the predetermined value, triggered by a frame sensor, can take place relatively gently, so that the preferably plastic Pull-in means or rollers made of plastic or made of plastic do not damage the outer skin of the frame.
  • the pulling-in means partially close it and, advantageously, at the same time apply the driving force for the frame through further stations of the welding machine to the next driving means in the conveying direction.
  • the tool which acts on the frame from the outside for closing the edges, is floating, it can follow any movements of the frames about their longitudinal axis, which largely prevents damage to the outer skin of the frame.
  • the tool is preferably adjustable over the circumference of the frame and, of course, adjustable in such a way that the purpose of largely closing the edges is achieved by continuously conically pressing the frame together. This compression is preferably carried out against a tapering element which plunges into the frame and at most moves with the frame, at most with its own drive, which specifies the edge closure. The edges must be in contact with this element, but not with large transverse forces.
  • the transverse forces must also be adjustable, which is done by the tool adjusted to the desired conically decreasing diameter.
  • the tool can be pressed onto the frame using, for example, air pressure cylinders.
  • the tube is moved along its length as it passes through part deformed. For example, if the pipe center of a long pipe is in the tool described above, a section of the leading end is already welded, while the trailing end has the gap fully open. The deformation from front to back is only randomly linear; the pipe warps along its length, which has a negative effect on the position of the edges to be welded. In addition, the fault changes with the ongoing welding process.
  • the warping also depends, for example, on the pipe length, the material and its thickness.
  • the tube lives” during processing, which can have a negative effect, in particular, on the correct edge position with regard to welding.
  • Another object of the invention is to guide the tubular frame past the welding point with a suitable edge position for welding.
  • the welding requires an edge seal with an extremely low tolerance, which is only 0.08 mm for laser welding, for example.
  • rollers can be driven and in particular bring about a defined edge position during welding.
  • spring-loaded lower rollers can be provided, which cause the frame edges to be pressed together in order to close the gap as completely as possible, but at least in the range of the permissible tolerance for laser welding. Pressing the edges together equalizes cutting tolerances or waviness of the edges, but on the other hand usually results in a V-shaped gaping of the edges, which is undesirable can be.
  • This can be prevented by the upper rollers, which can guide or press the edges in such a way that their end faces abut one another.
  • a bearing is preferred for upper and lower rollers, which prevents the edges of the diaboloidal rollers from indenting the frame surface.
  • modules can allow different effects of their roles on the frame and result in a good adaptation to difficult to weld pipes (material, dimensions, coating) by adding or removing modules in order to have an optimal effect on the frame.
  • the welding or seam quality is usually checked. It is preferred to provide a feed drive of the tube, preferably as a further roller crown module, into the area of the usually optical seam quality inspection in order to also guide and drive the tube in this area, which is advantageous for the inspection, which is sensitive to Vibrations, ie Position fluctuations (changes in position) of the seam reacted.
  • the invention is also based on the object of creating a welding system or individual devices with which the aforementioned objects are achieved.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional representation of a welding system
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the passage opening of a module of the transfer device
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of the passage opening of the feeder of the welding machine;
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of the passage opening of the tool;
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of the passage opening of a module of the welding tool.
  • Figure 1 shows a welding system 1 with a
  • Transfer device 2 and a welding machine in a highly simplified three-dimensional view The methods and devices used are explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 1, individual methods and devices being shown in more detail in FIGS. 2 to 5 and being explained with the aid of these figures.
  • the welding system should preferably serve to weld tubes which are intended for later internal high pressure forming and which form molded parts after the forming. These pipes or the molded parts are used, for example, in automobile construction.
  • the outer skin of the tube frames, which is usually formed by a coating, must not be damaged, so that the coating is also intact on the molded part.
  • a transfer device is generally designated 2.
  • the transfer device of the welding system brings individual tube frames from a press (not shown) or a round apparatus (not shown), which known devices form the tube frames from flat sheets, to the actual welding machine.
  • the transfer device 2 is formed from individual modules, only the two modules 3 and 4 being shown in the drawing.
  • Each of the modules is designed as a separate unit to support tubular frames with its own drive.
  • To convey the tubular frames from the press or the round apparatus to the welding machine several such modules, for example five such modules, are generally coupled to one another, so that there is a common transport path for the frames.
  • the coupling is indicated by elements 13, not shown.
  • Each of the modules can, for example, also have indicated feet with rollers, so that single or multiple modules can be easily removed from the transport route.
  • the figure also shows how two frames 17 and 18 are conveyed to the welding machine via the conveying path formed by the modules.
  • the individual drives of the modules are controlled by a common controller 90, which is only indicated in the figure and whose connection to the drives of the modules, not shown, is shown only by lines which are intended to symbolize electrical lines.
  • a control can be built by a specialist in the field of conventional controls.
  • the individual modules each of which can be controlled separately or individually adjusted in terms of their speed profile for the feed speed, allow frames to be buffered in front of the actual welding machine, so that from discontinuous operation, as is the case with the press or the rotary apparatus, to one continuous operation can be switched over, as is desired with the welding machine.
  • the length of the transfer device is determined by the number of modules so that the various working speeds and the discontinuous press operation can be adapted to the continuous welding machine operation.
  • five modules can be interconnected to form a transfer device that is five meters long and that delivers the frames, which are discontinuously produced from the press, to the welding machine as a uniformly spaced frame sequence with very short intervals.
  • the press can produce different frame lengths, eg triple series of short tubes or a long tube, and these tubes can be buffered accordingly in the transfer device.
  • Other configurations are also possible.
  • the conveying of the tube frames in the modules or in the transfer device takes place in such a way that an upper carrier 7 duls a support plate 8 protrudes downward and engages in the open frame.
  • FIG. 1 the support plate 8 is shown transparently so that the frame parts behind it and the drive rollers can be seen.
  • FIG. 2 accordingly shows a view from the front against the conveying direction of the module 4 of the transfer device, the plate 8 also being shown here, which engages in the frame 18.
  • the plate 8 preferably extends over the entire length of the module, so that a continuous plate 8 for the frames also results when modules are coupled.
  • the carrier 7 and the further elements of each module are arranged on corresponding support frames which form a rigid unit for each module and on which the feet of each module, which are not shown, are also arranged.
  • Figure 2 shows that on the plate 8 inside the frame 18 rollers 15 and 16 are arranged on which the frame 18 and of course the other supported frames run.
  • rollers that protrude horizontally from the plate could of course also be provided, or rails could be provided on which the frames run.
  • the plate 8 also serves as a centering means for the frames, in that the edge position of the frames during transport in the transfer device is essentially constant and the plate 8 prevents the pipes from twisting.
  • Special centering means for example leaf springs slightly protruding from the plate, can also be provided on the plate 8, which act on the edges of the frames in order to keep them as uniform as possible.
  • the springs can also be used to avoid contact of the edge of the frame along the entire length of the plate 8 and thus to reduce the friction during the conveyance.
  • the drive to promote the frame is preferably formed by rollers 9 to 12 which are driven by motors in the drive boxes 5 and 6 of the module, the drive speed, as already explained, being determined by the controller 90.
  • the preferably vertically arranged rollers, for example rollers 10 and 11 from FIG. 2, consist of a plastic which prevents the outer skin of the frame from being scratched when it is driven by the rollers.
  • the distance d between the rollers is preferably adjustable such that the modules of the transfer device can be adjusted to different frame diameters, as indicated in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 where a spindle 14 with an opposite thread is shown, by means of which the distance of the rollers from one another is adjustable.
  • the figure also shows two further frame diameters with broken lines, which represent, for example, the smallest and largest frame which can be conveyed with the transfer device.
  • a sensor which is only indicated in FIG. 2, can determine the presence of a frame in each module.
  • FIG. 1 shows a feed device, which in the example shown has rollers 22 and 23.
  • these rollers can be rotatably driven in order to take over the frames from the transfer device and to convey them through the welding machine.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic view of the frame 19, which is acted upon by the feed rollers 22 and 23.
  • These rollers are driven by drive motors 24 and 25 and the rollers are also made of plastic or have a plastic coating in order not to damage the outer skin of the respective frame even with this conveyance. The roles also take on the function of a first reduction stage for the gap dl of the respective frame.
  • rollers are further apart in an open position than corresponds to the diameter of the frame emerging from the transfer device.
  • the rollers are thus moved in the direction away from the frame, as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 3, in order to allow the respective frame to enter between the rollers without contact with the rollers. In this way it is avoided that the rollers suddenly come into contact with the frames and force their partial closure, which could lead to damage to the outer skin of the frames.
  • a sensor indicated above the rollers in FIG. 1 detects the entry of a frame between the rollers. These are brought into contact with the pipe after entry, and close it or set the distance dl to a predetermined dimension, which is determined, inter alia, as a function of the subsequent tool.
  • rollers are moved towards one another in accordance with the arrows in FIG.
  • the rollers can be arranged on swivel arms, not shown, which are moved, for example, pneumatically or hydraulically, and which support the rollers with their drive motors 24 and 25.
  • a stop 31 immersed in the tube can be provided, which consists, for example, of individual elements 32 rotating with the conveying speed of the frame, which protrude into the frame. These elements are designed to taper to a point, so that an inclined position of the entire stop 31 towards the longitudinal axis of the tube results in a tapering stop which moves with the tube. From the outside, the tubular frame is pressed against the stop with tools 33 or, in the absence of such, against the other edge, so that either contact occurs or one there is only a small tolerance between the stop and the frame edges.
  • the tool has roller strips 33 with a plurality of rotatable rollers arranged thereon, which act on the tube.
  • the roller strips which are arranged on supports 34 and 36, can be adjusted in their position by adjusting means 35 and 37 and pressed against the tube, for example by compressed air, in such a way that the tube bears against the conical stop.
  • the tools 33 are preferably arranged in a floating manner so that they can follow a movement of the tube about its longitudinal axis. If a pipe gets staggered into the tool, it is brought into contact with the stop surfaces during the closing process and thereby aligned in its edge position. A slip around the pipe longitudinal axis between the pipe and roller strips is the result if the latter are not floating.
  • the floating bearing ensures that the pipe is not scratched and that there are even pressure conditions, even if the pipe, which can also be a long pipe, carries out further own movements.
  • the tool closes the gap while aligning the edges to be welded, with the closure being continuously, conically and cleanly aligned.
  • the individual tools 33 can be freely positioned around the tubular frame with their supports 34 and their setting means or pressure generating means 35. This can be seen from FIG. 4, in which a round, circular section-shaped carrier 27 is shown, which lies around the frame 19 and which has a groove 38, on which the respective tools 33 to 35 can be moved and positioned with holding means 39. The number of five such tools shown in FIG. 4 can of course also be changed.
  • the entire carrier 27 is held in a floating manner on rollers 29, which are fastened to the machine frame (not shown), so that rotation of the carrier 27 and thus entraining gene of the tools 33 around the longitudinal axis of the frame 19 or a floating storage of the tools is given.
  • the further carrier 28 which is shown in FIG. 1 and carries the other end of the tool 33, so that the entire tool can adapt to the tubular frame.
  • spring means 40 and 41 are provided which, although they allow the support 27 or 28 to rotate, cause the support 27 with the tools for the next frame to return to the basic position after the frame 19 has emerged from the tool.
  • each roller ring forms a module for itself, which can be driven separately, as explained in more detail below, can be moved separately and can also be removed or added separately from the welding machine.
  • the roller and cage assemblies can be arranged in corresponding holders on the machine frame and can be moved, for example, on rails, in order to facilitate removal or replacement.
  • An edge control unit 43 can be arranged in front of the welding point, which, for example, optically determines the position of the edges.
  • FIG. 5 shows a module of the welding tool with a roller ring in a top view of its through opening.
  • the rollers 50 to 55 form the roller ring.
  • the individual rollers are designed in a diabolic shape so that they form a continuous profile that is adapted to the frame.
  • the horizontally lying rollers 50 and 51 are driven by motors 58 and 57 in order to force the frame through the welding tool.
  • the rollers 54 and 55 are mounted on supports 70 and 71, which are each pivotable about the pivot axis 70 v and 71 ', which pivot axes are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the passage opening formed by the rollers.
  • the supports 70 and 71 are acted upon by springs 75 and 76 in order to bring about a resilient pressing of the rollers 54 and 55 on the frame. This resilient pressing causes the opposite gap of the frame to be closed, as a result of which ripples in the edges can be compensated for in order not to exceed the tolerance for the gap opening at the welding point.
  • rollers 52 and 53 Pressing with rollers 54 and 55, on the other hand, can cause the gap to gap V-apart, so that rollers 52 and 53 preferably also exert pressure on the frame in order to compensate for this.
  • the rollers 52 and 53 are also pivotable on supports 59 and 60 about pivot axes 61 and 62, the pivoting preferably being effected by drives 64 and 63 which are shown schematically in the drawing by motors with spindles.
  • the pressure on the frame with the rollers 52 and 53 can be controlled or regulated as a function of the sensor 43 so that there is a small gap.
  • rollers 52, 53 and also 54, 55 are pivoted, they are arranged in such a way that their respective edge 67 or 68 and 67 'or 68' lies in the plane through the respective pivot axis and the longitudinal axis of the passage opening voltage is spanned.
  • Corresponding lines to indicate these levels are shown for the rollers 52 and 55 with the line 66 through the pivot axes 61 and 72 and the center of the passage opening and with the line 65 for the pivot axes 62 and 71.
  • the mentioned elements of the closing tool are arranged on a separate carrier 80 for each module. Each carrier 80 can be guided on the machine frame in rails or on rollers and can be fixed in its position.
  • the individual modules can be quickly exchanged for different frame diameters and can be adjusted with their interfaces, ie carrier plates 81/82 and spindle 84.
  • the welding tool can completely close the edges of the frames.
  • In the longitudinal direction as mentioned, it has a modular structure, depending on requirements or sheet properties, with a plurality of module units which can be set differently, and modules without swiveling rollers can also be provided.
  • a transverse force acting on the edges can be generated at the location of the welding by pressing down the edges with the corresponding rollers. It is practical to create a zero distance between the edges at the location of the welding point and the maximum tolerance of 0.08 mm gap dimension during laser welding can be achieved without any problems. In particular, cutting tolerances are equalized.
  • the welding tool modules also perform a length-independent transport function for the tube frames. It can also be advantageous for transport to connect several modules in series depending on the length of the tube and the material of the tube.
  • the individual modules can be adjustable to different frame diameters, as is indicated in FIG. 5 with the spindle 84, with which the two halves 81 and 82 of the carrier 80 against one another can be moved to form different diameters of passage openings.
  • a module with driven rollers 50 and 51 can also be arranged after the welding point, which can be advantageous in particular in the case of an optical seam quality inspection with a device 86 which reacts sensitively to fluctuations in the delivery height of the tube.
  • the welded pipe can then be conveyed out of the welding system and stacked.
  • a controller 91 of the welding machine can cooperate with the controller 90 of the transfer device.
  • an inlet device can be omitted if the gap width of the pipe delivered by the transfer unit corresponds to the inlet width into the tool.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation de soudage (1) pour tuyaux dans laquelle sont placés différents étages de réduction et un dispositif de transfert (2), qui permettent de former un tuyau à partir d'un corps tubulaire, sans altérer son enveloppe extérieure.
EP00952827A 1999-10-22 2000-08-25 Procede et dispositifs pour former des tuyaux Withdrawn EP1225999A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH193499 1999-10-22
CH193499 1999-10-22
PCT/CH2000/000454 WO2001030529A1 (fr) 1999-10-22 2000-08-25 Procede et dispositifs pour former des tuyaux

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1225999A1 true EP1225999A1 (fr) 2002-07-31

Family

ID=4222020

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00952827A Withdrawn EP1225999A1 (fr) 1999-10-22 2000-08-25 Procede et dispositifs pour former des tuyaux

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US6828523B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1225999A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003512178A (fr)
KR (1) KR20020042881A (fr)
AU (1) AU6552200A (fr)
CA (1) CA2387861A1 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA02003774A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001030529A1 (fr)

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MXPA02003774A (es) 2002-09-30
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JP2003512178A (ja) 2003-04-02
WO2001030529A1 (fr) 2001-05-03
KR20020042881A (ko) 2002-06-07
US20050103757A1 (en) 2005-05-19
CA2387861A1 (fr) 2001-05-03

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