EP1222332B1 - Systemes et procedes permettant d'equilibrer un objet en rotation autour d'un axe - Google Patents

Systemes et procedes permettant d'equilibrer un objet en rotation autour d'un axe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1222332B1
EP1222332B1 EP00972848A EP00972848A EP1222332B1 EP 1222332 B1 EP1222332 B1 EP 1222332B1 EP 00972848 A EP00972848 A EP 00972848A EP 00972848 A EP00972848 A EP 00972848A EP 1222332 B1 EP1222332 B1 EP 1222332B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
balancing
water
container
clean water
chambers
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EP00972848A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1222332A2 (fr
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Sigvard Hoornaert
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Primus NV
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Primus NV
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F37/00—Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
    • D06F37/20—Mountings, e.g. resilient mountings, for the rotary receptacle, motor, tub or casing; Preventing or damping vibrations
    • D06F37/22—Mountings, e.g. resilient mountings, for the rotary receptacle, motor, tub or casing; Preventing or damping vibrations in machines with a receptacle rotating or oscillating about a horizontal axis
    • D06F37/225—Damping vibrations by displacing, supplying or ejecting a material, e.g. liquid, into or from counterbalancing pockets
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F33/00—Control of operations performed in washing machines or washer-dryers 
    • D06F33/30—Control of washing machines characterised by the purpose or target of the control 
    • D06F33/48—Preventing or reducing imbalance or noise

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a washing machine having a rotating container and a method of balancing the container, which turns around an axis and which is provided with balancing chambers which can be selectively filled with a balancing liquid supplied by an appropriate number of liquid feed devices, e.g. a liquid flow controlled by solenoid valves.
  • the liquid feed devices are operated when the out-of-balance operation of the rotating container exceeds a certain maximum limit and the balancing is continued until the movement is again under this pre-set limit.
  • the present invention relates to a machine containing a drum for extracting liquid out of liquid absorbent goods like a washing or drying machine whose drum rotates about a horizontal or vertical axis and more particularly to the prevention or reduction of vibration due to imbalanced forces caused by an unequal dividing of the absorbent goods about the inner periphery of the drum during the intermediate or final spin stage.
  • US 4,991,247 describes a method of balancing a washing machine whose drum rotates about a horizontal axis. Cavities are provided evenly distributed along the periphery of the drum and these having openings via which liquid can be selectively introduced into a cavity.
  • a sensor is provided for sensing vibrations caused by imbalanced forces resulting from unequally divided linen in the drum. The output signal of the sensor is a measure of the current out-of-balance operation of the drum.
  • the drum is brought to a first rotational speed and the sensor signal is read.
  • a predetermined amount of liquid is introduced into a randomly selected cavity along the periphery of the drum.
  • the sensor signal is again read and the value is compared with the preceding sensed value.
  • a predetermined amount of water is introduced into the selected cavity while if the value is equal to or greater than the preceding one, the predetermined amount is introduced into the immediate following cavity along the periphery.
  • This sequence is repeated until the sensor signal is lower than a predetermined, permissible value at which the container is brought to rotate at a second rotational speed, higher than the first one.
  • the sequence described is repeated for different rotational speeds until the desired rotational speed has been reached and the sensor signal is lower than the predetermined value.
  • US 5,280,660 describes a method of balancing a washing machine whose drum rotates about a horizontal axis and is provided with cavities evenly distributed along the periphery thereof and having openings via which liquid can be selectively introduced into a cavity.
  • the magnitude of the out-of-balance is determined by means of an accelerometer mounted on the housing between drum and housing.
  • the location of the out-of-balance is determined by measuring the time that has lapsed between the passage of a target mounted on the rotatable drum and the moment when the accelerometer generates a signal above a certain threshold.
  • the passage of the target is sensed by means of an inductive sensor. By comparing this lapsed time, knowing the speed of the drum, with values stored in a memory element the injector to be activated is determined.
  • the injector stays activated as long as the magnitude of the imbalance exceeds the threshold value.
  • a single stage cavity injection process is implemented. If time t indicates the imbalance is located directly across from a cavity, that cavity is injected with water until the magnitude of the imbalance falls below an acceptable level. If time t indicates the imbalance is not located directly across from a cavity, then two predetermined cavities are injected simultaneously, at the same rate, to effectively move the location of the imbalance directly to be across from another cavity, at which time that new cavity is injected to counterbalance the imbalance.
  • EP 0 856 604 describes a method for balancing the drum of a washing machine equipped with three or more hollow water chambers distributed along the internal periphery of the drum.
  • the imbalance is compensated while the drum accelerates from a low initial speed to a high final maximum spinning speed.
  • Water is injected into a selected water chamber which is situated diametrically opposite the imbalance position.
  • the addition of compensating water is continuous, by means of a predetermined flow, during continuous and gradual acceleration, while vibrations are measured continuously, and only the rate of acceleration is dependent upon the result of the vibration measurement.
  • smooth rotation is achieved without exceeding an admissible washing machine vibration value by means of drum acceleration at a gradual rate until reaching a maximum speed. It is alleged that the imbalance of the clothes is compensated for in a shorter total process time.
  • US 2,791,917 describes a two-drum washing machine with a balancing system.
  • Each of a plurality of balancing chambers has an inlet for balancing liquid and also an outlet for discharge of the liquid from the chamber during operation. It is admitted that there is no known system for guaranteeing that the liquid is injected into the correct chamber. This results in augmentation of imbalance instead of reducing it.
  • the ability to discharge liquid from each chamber allows corrections to be made but this reduces the speed at which balance can be reached.
  • the balancing chambers or cavities come into contact with soapy water from the drum which can reach a temperature of 90° C. This can cause the openings of the balancing chambers or the injectors of the injection system to be blocked by chalk residue or other contamination. Regularly cleaning of those elements is required which leads to high maintenance costs and can also lead to higher water consumption because of residue liquids in the balancing chambers caused by above mentioned items.
  • FR-A-986.259 describes a method of balancing a washing machine.
  • this machine the arrangement of chambers and feed and discharge pipes is made such that there is a reduced chance that dirty liquid from the drum of the washing machine enters the balancing chambers.
  • a guarantee of elimination of entry is not provided.
  • a sealed liquid balancing system This may include a simple sealed balancing ring which contains liquid. Due to out-of-balance motion of an unbalanced drum, the free liquid is thrown in a direction which compensates for the movement. Such a simple system can still have serious out-of-balance vibration. More sophisticated designs as disclosed in US 5,913,951 include a motor and pump mounted on the rotating drum to pump liquid between balancing cavities arranged around the periphery of the drum. This increases the complexity and cost of the design and places larger loads on the drive shaft.
  • the present invention provides a method of operating a washing machine having a rotating container as well as at least one balancing chamber on the periphery of the rotating container, said at least one balancing chamber being fillable with clean water for correcting out-of-balance rotational operation of said container, and an operation cycle of said washing machine which uses washing water.
  • the method comprises the steps of balancing said rotating container by introducing clean water into said at least one balancing chamber during a first operation cycle; draining clean water from said balancing chamber into a dehydration unit at the end of said first operation cycle; storing excess drained clean water in a water container; using said excess stored clean water in washing water of a subsequent operation cycle; and discarding said washing water at the end of said subsequent operation cycle.
  • a method according to the present invention may include draining said clean water gravimetrically.
  • a method according to the present invention may include catching said excess drained clean water from said balancing chamber in said water container after a predetermined quantity thereof has been drained into a housing of said washing machine.
  • a method according to the present invention may include releasing said stored clean water from said water container for a subsequent operation cycle when said washing machine requires water for at least one of a pre-wash, main-wash or rinsing operation.
  • a method according to the present invention may include controlling the capture and/or release of said excess drained clean water by means of a valve positioned between said water container and the housing of said washing machine.
  • the method may include segregating said balancing chamber from said drum by means of a seal, whereby dirty water from said drum is prevented from entering said balancing chamber.
  • a method according to the present invention may include correcting said out-of-balance operation of said rotating container by two-plane compensation using at least two said balancing chambers.
  • One of said balancing chambers may be placed closer to a side from which said machine is loaded than the other.
  • a method according to the present invention may further comprise the steps of sensing said out-of-balance rotational operation of said container and introducing said clean water into said at least one balancing chamber in accordance with said sensed out-of-balance operation.
  • a method according to the present invention wherein said container is cylindrical and rotates about its cylindrical axis and at least two balancing chambers are provided, a first said balancing chamber lying substantially in a first plane perpendicular to said cylindrical axis and a second said balancing chamber lying in a second plane perpendicular to said cylindrical axis, may include the steps of: sensing said out-of-balance rotational operation of said container in two planes perpendicular to said cylindrical axis; and controlling the introduction of clean water into said first balancing chamber based on the results of said sensing in said first plane and controlling the introduction of clean water into said second balancing chamber based on the results of said sensing in said second plane.
  • the method may further comprise the step of draining said clean water from said first balancing chamber after a balancing step through a first drainage channel in a direction parallel to said cylindrical axis into a second pipe common to both said first and second balancing chambers.
  • the present invention also provides a washing machine having a rotating container as well as at least one balancing chamber on the periphery of the rotating container, said at least one balancing chamber being fillable with clean water for correcting out-of-balance rotational operation of said container, and an operation cycle of said washing machine which uses washing water.
  • Said machine is adapted to balance said rotating container by introduction of said clean water into said at least one balancing chamber during a first operation cycle; to drain clean water from said balancing chamber into a dehydration unit at the end of said first operation cycle; to store excess drained clean water in a water container; to use said excess stored clean water from said water container in a subsequent operation cycle; and to discard said washing water at the end of said subsequent cycle.
  • Said clean water may be drained gravimetrically.
  • Said excess drained clean water from said balancing chamber may be caught in said water container after a predetermined quantity thereof has been drained into a housing of said washing machine.
  • said stored clean water is released from said water container for use in a subsequent operation cycle when said machine requires water for at least one of a pre-wash, main wash or rinsing operation.
  • the capture and/or release of said excess drained clean water may be controlled by means of a valve positioned between said water container and the housing of said washing machine.
  • said rotating container may comprise a drum of said washing machine and said balancing chamber may be segregated from said drum by means of a seal, whereby dirty water from said drum is prevented from entering said balancing chamber.
  • the out-of-balance operation of said rotating container may be corrected by two-plane compensation using at least two balancing chambers.
  • One of said balancing chambers may be placed closer to a side from which said machine is loaded than the other.
  • a machine may further comprise a sensor for sensing said out-of-balance rotational operation of said container; and a control unit for introducing said clean water into said at least one chamber in accordance with an output of said sensor.
  • a machine wherein said container is cylindrical and rotates about its cylindrical axis and has at least two balancing chambers, a first balancing chamber lying substantially in a first plane perpendicular to said cylindrical axis and a second balancing chamber lying in a second plane perpendicular to said cylindrical axis, may further comprise a first sensor for sensing said out-of-balance rotational operation of said container in said first plane; a second sensor for sensing said out-of-balance rotational operation of said container in said second plane; and a control unit being adapted to control the introduction of clean water into said first balancing chamber based on an output of said first sensor and to control the introduction of clean water into said second balancing chamber based on the output of said second sensor.
  • a machine wherein said container is cylindrical and rotates about its cylindrical axis and has at least two balancing chambers, a first balancing chamber lying substantially in a first plane perpendicular to the cylindrical axis and a second balancing chamber lying in a second plane perpendicular to the cylindrical axis; may further comprise a first drainage channel running in a direction parallel to said cylindrical axis for draining said clean water from said first balancing chamber into a second pipe common to both said first and second balancing chambers.
  • the present invention will be described with reference to certain drawings and certain embodiments but the present invention is not limited thereto but only by the claims.
  • the present invention will mainly be described with reference to front-loaded washing machines in which the shaft of the drum is horizontal and cantilevered from a bearing but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the present invention may be applied advantageously to top-loading washing machines in which the shaft of the drum is vertical as shown, for example and merely for explanatory purposes, in US 5,269,159 and US 5,829,084 or in International Patent Application WO 97/00349.
  • the methods and apparatus of the present invention may find advantageous use outside washing machines as exemplified by the applications described in US 4,688,355 and US 5,561,993.
  • front, back, top, bottom, upper, lower etc. relate to a front loading washing machine in its usual operational position, i.e. the washing is loaded through a door at the front into a drum which is rotatably mounted in a cantilever fashion at the back of the machine.
  • Machine 1 includes a housing 2 on suspension units, e.g. rubber blocks 3, and mounted in a frame 4 and a rotatable drum 5 within the housing which is cantilevered from a bearing 32.
  • the housing has a front door 38 for loading washing into the drum 5.
  • a motor 13 is provided for driving the drum, e.g. through a belt and pulley system.
  • a water supply 30, a drain valve 34 for waste water and a pump 36 for pumping out the waste water are also provided. It is well known that the damping support for a machine should ideally have a low elastic modulus, i.e. be very "soft", with viscous damping to reduce oscillations.
  • the system should be designed so that 1.414 times the natural resonant frequency of the system should lie well below the operating frequency of the system.
  • This approach has been used extensively for automobile suspensions and requires an expensive, bulky and sophisticated damper arrangement.
  • Such a suspension system is not very suitable for a washing machine which has to work at low frequencies during washing cycles and higher frequencies during drying cycles.
  • the present invention starts from the use of a simple suspension such as provided by rubber blocks, while actively reducing the out-of-balance forces and movements to a minimum or even to a negligible amount. In such a case the rubber blocks do not absorb significant motions or energies but rather are only provided to suppress noise.
  • At least one balancing chamber is provided which may be filled with water to provide the balancing.
  • the water used for balancing is re-used in the next cycle.
  • the chamber is segregated from the drum by means of a seal.
  • a seal also prevents dirty water from the drum entering the balancing chamber.
  • the out-of-balance operation of the drum is preferably corrected by two-plane compensation using at least two balancing chambers one of which is placed closer to the front of the machine 1 than the other.
  • a washing machine 1 to be balanced comprises a housing 2 fixed on suspension units such as rubber blocks 3 or springs which themselves are connected to a frame 4 (frame 4 is not shown in Fig. 2 for clarity purposes).
  • a drum 5 for holding the washing rotates about a horizontal shaft 3a.
  • the drum 5 has a plurality of circumferentially and preferably contiguously distributed and preferably equally spaced balancing chambers 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, 6f on the front vertical surface of drum 5 and a plurality of circumferentially and preferably contiguously distributed and preferably equally spaced chambers 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, 7f on the rear vertical surface of the drum 5.
  • Injection pipes 8a, 8b supply water from a water source, e.g. a water main, to the front balancing chambers 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, 6f via cylindrical space 35 and through connection pipes 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f respectively and to rear balancing chambers 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, 7f via cylindrical space 37.
  • the water supply is regulated by controllable water valves 13a, b which are under the control of a controller 17.
  • the out-of balance sensor 18 may be a microswitch, a strain gauge an accelerometer or similar.
  • microswitches may be activated by the movements of an upper frame 21 which is part of or attached to the housing 2 (see Fig. 3).
  • the outer surface of drum 5 may be used to activate the microswitches 18 but this is less preferred as the movement of drum 5 will cause wear of the microswitch contact surfaces.
  • a dehydration unit 9 which may comprise a plurality of circumferentially and contiguously arranged draining chambers.
  • the dehydration unit 9 is preferably divided into the same number of chambers as the number of balancing chambers, e.g. six chambers 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e, 9f connected with the front chambers 6a, 6b ,6c ,6d ,6e, respectively through dehydration tubes 10a, 10b; 10c, 10d; 10e, 10f; 10g, 10h; 10i, 10j; 10k, 101.
  • each front chamber 6 is connected to a pair of dehydration tubes 10. One of the pair can drain water while the other allows entry of air. Otherwise the front chambers 6 are closed so that water ingress and extraction is only by the connections described above.
  • a mechanical seal 12 is preferably provided at the centre of the dehydration unit 9 to prevent soapy water from the drum 5 entering into any of the balancing chambers 7.
  • the balancing chambers 6, 7 are connected with the housing 2 through cylindrical spaces 35, 37 and pipes 14b, 14c which can be isolated from each other by means of a valve 15.
  • a water container 14 is provided to catch surplus balancing water which is recovered from the dehydration unit 9 and/or the rear chambers 7.
  • 14a represents a connection to the open air which is an overflow when container 14 is full.
  • Item 16 is a seal which prevents water entering into the bearings.
  • An AC motor 19 may be controlled by a frequency converter 20 so that the drum 5 can be rotated with speeds between 10 rpm and 1000 rpm or higher.
  • the speed may be gradually increased according to any one of the following non-limiting speed series : Series 1 Series 2 Series 3 n 1 100 rpm 125 rpm 100 rpm n 2 200 rpm 250 rpm 150 rpm n 3 400 rpm 500 rpm 300 rpm n 4 800 rpm 1000 rpm 400 rpm n 5 1000 rpm 550 rpm n 6 1200 rpm 800 rpm n 7 1000 rpm It is clear that any other sequence can be chosen according the construction parameters of the machine.
  • the controller 17 may be a microcontroller or a programmable microcontroller and may include some local intelligence, i.e. a microprocessor or programmable gate for controlling the operation of the water values as well as the motor 19.
  • the local intelligence e.g. microprocessor or programmable gate array, is preferably programmed to carry out any of the control algorithms of the present invention as explained below.
  • a drum balancing operation may be performed by injecting balancing liquid independently into any one or both sets of balancing chambers 6 and/or 7 if drum 5 is out-of-balance, e.g. because the washing inside the drum 5 is located all at one spot the drum has an out-of-balance motion to be corrected.
  • a microswitch 18 is activated when the movement of the flexible frame 21 which is mounted on the housing 2 exceeds a certain limit caused by the out-of-balance operation of the drum 5.
  • out-of-balance movements of forces on the housing 2 can be detected in different ways such as with a magnetic switch, an inductive sensor or strain-gauge or a piezo-electrical element or any other suitable proximity or force sensor.
  • housing 2 or frame 21 is not necessary for balancing in accordance with the present invention.
  • rigidly journalled drums 5 there may be little movement but significant forces which may be detected by strain gauges placed in appropriate positions, e.g. on the bearings within casing 2A.
  • a checking cycle or parameter cycle is performed in which a time T 1 which elapses between when a signal of the microswitch 18 becomes high and low is measured (A) as well as a time T2 between when the signal of a microswitch 18 becomes low and then high again.
  • T1 + T2 is a measure of the period time or cycle time T of one rotation of the drum 5.
  • balancing cycles are performed, which are based on the moment at which a microswitch 18 switches from on position to off position.
  • water is injected into the balancing chambers 6, 7 either side of the middle point of time period T1 (see B and C) into those chambers 6, 7 which lie opposite the out-of-balance load in the drum 5. By doing this it can be guaranteed that the balancing chambers 6, 7 are filled which are opposite the out-of-balance load in drum 5. It is preferred in accordance with the present invention if water is injected into a sufficient number of contiguous balancing chambers 6, 7 which together make up a certain angle ⁇ of the circumference of drum 5. Preferably, this angle is about 120°, e.g. 120° ⁇ 30°, or more preferably 120° ⁇ 15°.
  • balancing chambers 6, 7 which each have an included angle of 60°. Water should be injected in such a way that 2 chambers are filled with balancing water thus making up 120° of the circumference of the drum 5. It has been found that introducing water into one narrow chamber 6, 7 is not as efficient as into a chamber or chambers having a total angle of about 120°C. The narrower the chamber, the less water it can hold and the smaller the correction effect. On the other hand chambers close to ⁇ 90 from the position opposite the out-of-balance load have little balancing effect as the balancing force is in a direction 90° to the direction of the out-of-balance load so that it has no correction effect.
  • Some included angle between the extremes of 180° and about 10° is therefore optimum and about 120° as been found to be suitable. This is achieved most easily by 3, 6, 9 or 12 equally distributed balancing chambers.
  • the water injection time T/3 must be located within the time T1 if this time T1 is greater than T/3 - see Fig. 7. In this case the water injection is started at a time T6 after the microswitch 18 activates. However, if time T1 is less than T/3 then water may be injected for the time T1 or the time T/3 whichever is preferred.
  • T1 indicates a position close to balance it is preferred if the water injection is only over time T1 if T1 is less than T/3 as usually in this condition less water is necessary to achieve balancing.
  • the injection may be necessary in phase with the operation of the microswitch (B in Fig. 7) or in counter-phase (C in Fig. 7).
  • phase correction value is an experimentally determined value which takes into account the phase angle deviation between the movement of the drum 5 and the out-of-balance load in the drum 5.
  • phase correction changes as the operation becomes closer to or further away from the natural resonant frequency of the rotating system and it is within the scope of the present invention that the water injection control includes corrections which take into account the frequency of rotation of drum 5. This phase correction is of importance especially close to resonance as the phase correction angle ⁇ becomes a large value, e.g. 180° in the extreme case.
  • balancing liquid would be injected into the chamber which is diametrically opposite to the one which would improve balancing. Such an injection will make the out-of-balance operation worse resulting in a further attempt by the balancing system to correct. This further attempt also injects liquid into the wrong chamber resulting in ever increasing out-of-balance.
  • balancing liquid can not only be injected into a chamber but also extracted therefrom during rotation. This may be done by pumping liquid between chambers or by discarding the liquid.
  • these solutions are costly and difficult to implement. It is preferred in accordance with the present invention if there is no discarding of the liquid from the chambers or pumping of liquid between chambers during balancing cycles.
  • Another method is to design the suspension system for the drum so that the phase correction is roughly constant over the frequency range 100 to 1000 rpm so that a fixed correction may be applied to obtain sufficient accuracy. This may, however, place severe limitations on the kind of suspension which can be used in practical designs of washing machines.
  • a correction angle p is applied dependent upon the rotational frequency of the drum so that during a balancing step, liquid is injected into the correct chamber and the balancing system does not increasingly spiral out of control.
  • the first step is to determine the phase correction angle p versus rotational speed characteristic for the washing machine. This may be done experimentally on each machine or, if the mechanical design is independent of manufacturing tolerances, on one machine for all.
  • the phase deviation can be determined by measuring the time shift between the signal from a fixed target on the drum and the sinusoidal signal from a proximity sensor. This characteristic is then stored in the form of an equation or as discrete values, e.g. in a look-up table (LUT).
  • This data may be stored in non-volatile memory of the controller 17.
  • the rotational speed is first calculated from the cycle time T by the controller 17, the inverse of which gives the rotational speed.
  • the correction angle p can be determined either from the stored function or from the LUT. Where values between stored values in the LUT are required these can be determined by conventional interpolation routines.
  • the time point of injection is then defined by: (T1-T/3)/2 ⁇ T4 ⁇ T5 where T5 is a correction constant relating to delays in the system, e.g. the time delay between applying the current to an electrically operated valve and the release of the liquid into a balancing chamber.
  • microswitches 18-1 at the front of the washing machine 1 and the other microswitch 18-2 at the rear is used to control the water injected into the front and rear balancing chambers 6, 7, respectively.
  • the control procedures for the front and rear chambers 6, 7 can be carried out so that complex gyratory motions of the drum 5 may be balanced automatically.
  • the advantage of balancing in two planes is that the centre of gravity point of the combined balancing liquid amounts in the front or rear chambers 6, 7 can be exactly aligned with the imbalance forces generated by imbalanced loads of washing in drum 5. This leads to reduced shear forces on the main shaft which carries drum 5.
  • Fig. 1B shows the force diagram on a rotating drum where:
  • T1 the difference of T and T2
  • T-T2 the difference of T and T2
  • T1 front /T1 rear the value of T1 front /T1 rear close to 1.
  • the value of T1 front /T1 rear increases then it means that the centre of balance of the drum and the clothes therein has moved towards the back of the drum and balancing liquid must be introduced into the rear chambers. If it decreases, liquid must be injected into the front chambers.
  • the necessary calculations and valve control can be carried out by programming the controller 17 appropriately.
  • the effect of the balancing step will be to reduce movement of drum 5 and at some time both microswitches 18 are no longer activated in any rotation cycle, or, alternatively T1 front and T1 rear become less than a certain value in relation to the speed of the drum 5. At this point the drum has reached a satisfactory level of balance the current balancing step is completed. The drum 5 may then be safely accelerated until the next pre-determined speed is reached at which there is performed a further balancing operation. If T1 front or T1 rear or both of them already exceeds a certain maximum value during the acceleration phase then the acceleration can be stopped early and a balancing operation can be performed at a speed between two predetermined values. Control of the balancing operation is done by controller 17 programmed to carry out the control actions described above.
  • the balancing operations are repeated until the final spinning speed is reached.
  • the washing machine 1 is held at maximum speed by controller 17 until enough water has been extracted from the washing load in accordance with the machine design specification.
  • the drain valve 34 of the washing machine 1 is closed and the water valve 15 opened. All water that is in the balancing chambers 6, 7 and is submitted to a centrifugal force of less then 1 G will be drained into the bottom of housing 2. This draining occurs as the drum 5 turns slowly and is without pumping, i.e. the drainage is gravimetric. This clean water is used in the next cycle for washing purposes. Thus, no clean water is lost in accordance with the present invention.
  • the balancing liquid in the front balancing chambers 6 is drained in the following way.
  • a front balancing chamber 6 In the upper position of a front balancing chamber 6 the water is drained through the pipes 5a-5f and 14b-14c to the housing 2. In this case the tubes 10 act as an air inlet.
  • the balancing chamber 6 When the balancing chamber 6 is in the lower position the water is drained from the front balancing chambers 6 into the specially constructed drain chamber 9 through pipes 10.
  • the pipes 5a-5f act as an air inlet.
  • the water is taken up to higher position through the shutters 33 in the draining chamber (see Fig. 6) so that the balancing liquid is drained to the central cylindrical space 39 and from there into the housing 2 through the pipe 14b-14c.
  • a water level sensor (not shown) is provided to detect when a certain pre-determined level of water is in the housing 2 and when this level is reached, the water valve 15 is closed and the rest of the balancing liquid is caught in the container 14. Balancing water from the rear chamber 7 drains down through pipe 14b into housing 2. Any excess water drained after the water level indicator has been activated is drained into container 14. Water in container 14 is released later into the housing 2 at the moment when the washing machine 1 requires water for pre-, main-wash or rinsing operations by opening valve 15. Not only fresh water is saved but also energy is conserved. When the balancing water is in the balancing chambers 6, 7 is absorbs heat from the drum 5 remaining after the washing cycle. Thus, when this water is re-used in the next cycle less heat energy is required to heat up the water.
  • FIG. 8 to 11 Another embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figs. 8 to 11 in which three longitudinal discrete balancing chambers 7a, 7b, 7c are provided which are drained by dehydration unit 9.
  • Reference numbers in the drawings which are the same as the numbers in Figs. 1 to 6 refer to the same items.
  • the chambers are located in a longitudinal direction on the outer rim of drum 5. All other aspects of collecting and re-using water are as described above. As only one set of chambers 7 is provided, only one out-of-balance sensor 18 is required.
  • Dehydration unit 9 may be provided by narrow channels 9a, 9b, 9c as shown in Fig. 11.
  • the number of discrete chambers 7 may be increased to 6 or 12 for instance.
  • FIG. 12 to 16 Reference numbers in the drawings which are the same as the numbers in Figs. 1 to 6 refer to the same items.
  • two sets of discrete balancing chambers 6, 7, one at the front (6) and one at the back (7), are provided on the rim of drum 5.
  • Each set of chambers 6, 7 has its own dehydration unit 9, 11 respectively for draining balancing water from the front chambers 6 and rear chambers 7.
  • Each dehydration unit is similar to the dehydration unit of the first embodiment. All other aspects of water and energy conservation are maintained.
  • FIG. 17 and 18 Reference numbers in the drawings which are the same as the numbers in Figs. 1 to 6 refer to the same items.
  • one set of discrete balancing chambers 6a to f at the front are provided on the rim of drum 5.
  • a further set of balancing chambers 7a to f is provided at the back.
  • the balancing chambers 6a to f are connected with draining chambers 9a to f of a dehydration unit 9 for draining balancing water from the front chambers 6a to f.
  • Supply of liquid to front chambers 6a to f as well as draining of liquid to the rehydration unit 9 is done through pipes 10a to 1. Liquid is supplied to these tubes 10 from liquid supply tube 8 via the draining chambers 9a to f.
  • Rear balancing chambers 7a to f are filled directly from tube 8.
  • a balancing method of an object such as a container or hollow drum is described which turns around a horizontal or vertical axis and which is provided with balancing chambers.
  • These chambers may be combined in various ways, e.g. at least three chambers evenly distributed in the inner or outer periphery of the drum or with at least 6 chambers (preferably, is 12 chambers) in the front and/or rear side of the drum.
  • the chambers on the outer or. inner periphery of the drum may be further divided into two; a front and rear set.
  • Each of the distributed chambers is connected with a cylindrical shaped volume 35, 37 so that balancing liquid can be supplied continuously.
  • the water may be supplied from one cylindrical shaped volume having tubes likes spokes of a wheel leading to the chambers. In this case it is sufficient to have only one water valve for each balancing plane.
  • Filling of the axial chambers is done continuously by means of connecting each separate chamber to a respective cylindrical shaped volume 35, 37 or discontinuously by means of connecting each chamber in a direct or indirect way to the respective part of a cylindrical shaped volume 35, 37 divided in an equal number of chambers like the number of balancing chambers in the front respective the rear side of the drum.
  • a flexibly mounted rotating machine whose out-of-balance movement is detected by means of a suitable sensor, such as a microswitch, a strain gauge, the plunger of the water valve, inductive -, optical sensor or any other means that can directly or indirectly detect a movement.
  • a suitable sensor such as a microswitch, a strain gauge, the plunger of the water valve, inductive -, optical sensor or any other means that can directly or indirectly detect a movement.
  • a suitable sensor such as a microswitch, a strain gauge, the plunger of the water valve, inductive -, optical sensor or any other means that can directly or indirectly detect a movement.
  • the microswitch is mounted so that the direction of its movement is perpendicular to the movement that is caused by the imbalance
  • the machine may also be mounted on rubber blocks or springs with a high k factor so that there is no or negligible movement in vertical direction to be expected. Having it mounted on rubber blocks has the consequence that the spring constant k is high
  • the balancing chambers are sealed from the housing by means of a mechanical seal.
  • An injection collector volume is provided with a small diameter which is connected through pipes with the balancing chambers.
  • a means is provided for quick draining of the balancing chambers.
  • Two or more tubes connect each front chamber for draining towards the back. One tube is situated on the maximum radius of the chamber. The other tube is situated on the smallest radius of the chamber. Those tubes are situated in the spare space formed between the outer periphery of the drum and the rib of the washing drum.
  • the tubes on the outer periphery are all connected with a cylindrical chamber at the rear side of the drum also divided in an equal number of chambers as there are at the front side of the drum.
  • the outer radius of this cylindrical chamber is bigger then the radius of the front balancing chambers and the width of it as small as possible. In this way a quick draining of the front chambers is achieved.
  • Acceleration may be provided by predetermined steps of increasing speed. Each increment of speed is followed by a balancing operation until the measured time of microswitch operation, T I, falls under a certain limit according the speed of the drum. Further, a balancing cycle may consist out of determining the respective microswitch operating times T1 Front and T1 Rear during which the microswitch in the front respectively in the rear, is activated and time T2 Front and T2 rear during which the microswitches, in the front, respectively in the rear, are not activated.
  • T4 Rear or T4 Front may be determined independently which is the delay time before activating the injection water valve after detecting the rising edge of the microswitch.
  • the water valve is generally activated for a period T/3.
  • a balancing system is provided for a washing machine which is sealed from the housing of the washing machine so that there are no problems to comply with water approval authority regulations and with which no problems are to be expected due to contamination in the balancing chambers.
  • the housing drain valve is closed before decelerating the drum.
  • the water valve 15 is opened during deceleration so that the balancing water drains to the housing.
  • Water valve 15 is closed if a water level sensor senses that the water has reached almost the outer diameter of the drum so that the rest of the balancing water is collected in a container 14. The moment that there is a request for water for washing or rinsing the valve 15 is opened until water is drained out of the container 14 towards the drum 5 and then closed again.
  • the bottom of the container 14 is higher then the highest water level to be expected in the housing 2 when receiving the maximum to be expected balancing liquid.
  • the volume of the container 14 is preferably equal to the maximum to be expected imbalance liquid minus the volume of water that can be contained in the housing before the water touches the drum.
  • the dehydration unit may be divided in an equal number of chambers as there are balancing chambers in the respective balancing plane. These draining chambers have a radius bigger then the one of the balancing chamber and are connected to each other with at least one pipe at the maximum radius of the balancing chamber. This assures a complete dehydration of the balancing chambers and makes it also possible by this to make a closed system without any mechanical or electrical dehydration valves.
  • DC operated water valves may be used which are opened with a positive voltage impulse to achieve short opening times and are closed by a normal negative voltage to have a small closing time.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Testing Of Balance (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)

Claims (22)

  1. Procédé de mise en oeuvre d'une machine à laver (1) ayant un conteneur rotatif (5) aussi bien qu'au moins une chambre d'équilibrage (6a à f, 7a à f) sur la périphérie du conteneur rotatif (5), ladite au moins une chambre d'équilibrage (6a à f, 7a à f) pouvant être remplie avec de l'eau propre pour corriger un fonctionnement rotatif déséquilibré dudit conteneur, et un cycle de mise en oeuvre de ladite machine à laver qui utilise de l'eau de lavage ; comprenant les étapes consistant à :
    équilibrer ledit conteneur rotatif en introduisant de l'eau propre dans ladite au moins une chambre d'équilibrage pendant un premier cycle de mise en oeuvre ;
    vider l'eau propre de ladite chambre d'équilibrage dans une unité de déshydratation (9a à f) à la fin dudit premier cycle de mise en oeuvre ;
    stocker l'eau propre en excès vidée dans un conteneur d'eau (14) ;
       caractérisé en ce que le procédé comprend de plus :
    l'utilisation de ladite eau propre en excès stockée comme eau de lavage lors d'un cycle de mise en oeuvre suivant ; et
    le rejet de ladite eau de lavage à la fin dudit cycle de mise en oeuvre suivant.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, incluant le vidage de ladite eau propre par gravité.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, comprenant la récupération de ladite eau propre en excès vidée en provenance de ladite chambre d'équilibrage (6a à f, 7a à f) dans ledit conteneur d'eau (14) après qu'une quantité
       prédéterminée de cette dernière s'est écoulée dans un logement (2) de ladite machine à laver (1).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant la libération de ladite eau propre stockée depuis ledit conteneur d'eau (14) pour un cycle de mise en oeuvre suivant quand ladite machine à laver (1) a besoin d'eau pour au moins une opération de prélavage, de lavage principal ou de rinçage.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 3 ou la revendication 4, comprenant la commande de la récupération et/ou de la libération de ladite eau propre en excès vidée au moyen d'une vanne (15) positionnée entre ledit conteneur d'eau (14) et le logement (2) de ladite machine à laver (1).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, ledit conteneur rotatif comprenant un tambour (5) de ladite machine à laver (1) et le procédé comprenant la séparation de ladite chambre d'équilibrage (6a à f, 7a à f) dudit tambour au moyen d'un joint (12), de sorte que l'eau sale provenant dudit tambour est empêchée de pénétrer dans ladite chambre d'équilibrage.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant la correction dudit fonctionnement déséquilibré dudit conteneur rotatif (5) par une compensation en deux plans en utilisant au moins deux dites chambres d'équilibrage (6a à f, 7a à f).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, comprenant le placement d'une desdites chambres d'équilibrage (6a à f) plus près d'un côté par lequel ladite machine (1) est chargée que l'autre (7a à f).
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant de plus les étapes consistant à détecter ledit fonctionnement rotatif déséquilibré dudit conteneur (5) et à introduire ladite eau propre dans ladite au moins une chambre d'équilibrage (6a à f, 7a à f) selon ledit fonctionnement déséquilibré détecté.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel ledit conteneur (5) est cylindrique et tourne autour de son axe cylindrique (3a) et au moins deux chambres d'équilibrage (6a à f, 7a à f)sont prévues, une première dite chambre d'équilibrage (6a à f) se situant sensiblement dans un premier plan perpendiculaire audit axe cylindrique et une seconde dite chambre d'équilibrage (7a à f) se situant dans un second plan perpendiculaire audit axe cylindrique, le procédé comprenant les étapes consistant à :
    détecter ledit fonctionnement rotatif déséquilibré dudit conteneur dans deux plans perpendiculaires audit axe cylindrique ; et
    commander l'introduction d'eau propre dans ladite première chambre d'équilibrage (6a à f) sur la base des résultats de ladite détection dans ledit premier plan et commander l'introduction d'eau propre dans ladite seconde chambre d'équilibrage (7a à f) sur la base des résultats de ladite détection dans ledit second plan.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, comprenant de plus l'étape de vidage de ladite eau propre depuis ladite première chambre d'équilibrage après une étape d'équilibrage par l'intermédiaire d'un premier conduit de vidage (5a à f, 10a à 1) dans une direction parallèle audit axe cylindrique dans un second tuyau (14b et c) commun aux deux première et seconde chambres d'équilibrage.
  12. Machine à laver (1) ayant un conteneur rotatif (5) aussi bien qu'au moins une chambre d'équilibrage (6a à 6f, 7a à f) sur la périphérie du conteneur rotatif (5), ladite au moins une chambre d'équilibrage (6a à f, 7a à f) pouvant être remplie avec de l'eau propre pour corriger un fonctionnement rotatif déséquilibré dudit conteneur, et un cycle de mise en oeuvre de ladite machine à laver qui utilise de l'eau de lavage, ladite machine étant conçue pour : équilibrer ledit conteneur rotatif par l'introduction de ladite eau propre dans ladite au moins une chambre d'équilibrage pendant un premier cycle de mise en oeuvre ; vider de l'eau propre depuis ladite chambre d'équilibrage dans une unité de déshydratation (9a à f) à la fin dudit premier cycle de mise en oeuvre ; stocker l'eau propre en excès vidée dans un conteneur d'eau (14) ;
       caractérisée en ce que ladite machine à laver (1) est de plus conçue pour utiliser ladite eau propre en excès stockée provenant dudit conteneur d'eau (14) dans un cycle de mise en oeuvre suivant ; et pour rejeter ladite eau de lavage à la fin dudit cycle suivant.
  13. Machine selon la revendication 12, dans laquelle ladite eau propre est vidée par gravité.
  14. Machine selon la revendication 12 ou la revendication 13, dans laquelle ladite eau propre en excès vidée provenant de ladite chambre d'équilibrage (6a à f, 7a à f) est récupérée dans ledit conteneur d'eau (14) après qu'une quantité prédéterminée de cette dernière s'est écoulée dans un logement (2) de ladite machine à laver (1).
  15. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 14, dans laquelle ladite eau propre stockée est libérée dudit conteneur d'eau (14) pour une utilisation dans un cycle de mise en oeuvre suivant quand ladite machine (1) a besoin d'eau pour au moins une opération de prélavage, de lavage ou de rinçage.
  16. Machine selon la revendication 14 ou la revendication 15, dans laquelle la récupération et/ou la libération de ladite eau propre en excès vidée est commandée au moyen d'une vanne (15) positionnée entre ledit conteneur d'eau (14) et le logement (2) de ladite machine à laver (1).
  17. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 16, dans laquelle ledit conteneur rotatif constitue le tambour (5) de ladite machine à laver (1) et ladite chambre d'équilibrage (6a à f, 7a à f) est isolée dudit tambour au moyen d'un joint (12), de sorte que l'eau sale provenant dudit tambour est empêchée de pénétrer dans ladite chambre d'équilibrage.
  18. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 17, dans laquelle ledit fonctionnement déséquilibré dudit conteneur rotatif (5) est corrigé par une compensation en deux plans en utilisant au moins deux chambres d'équilibrage (6a à f, 7a à f).
  19. Machine selon la revendication 18, dans laquelle l'une desdites chambres d'équilibrage (6a à f) est placée plus près d'un côté par lequel ladite machine (1) est chargée que l'autre (7a à f).
  20. Machine (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 19, comprenant de plus :
    un capteur (18-1, 18-2) pour détecter ledit fonctionnement rotatif déséquilibré dudit conteneur (5) ; et
    une unité de commande (17) pour introduire ladite eau propre dans ladite au moins une chambre (6a à f, 7a à f) selon une sortie dudit capteur.
  21. Machine (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 17, dans laquelle ledit conteneur (5) est cylindrique et tourne autour de son axe cylindrique (3a) et comporte au moins deux chambres d'équilibrage (6a à f ; 7a à f), une première chambre d'équilibrage (6a à f) se situant sensiblement dans un premier plan perpendiculaire audit axe cylindrique et une seconde chambre d'équilibrage (7a à f) se situant dans un second plan perpendiculaire audit axe cylindrique, comprenant de plus :
    un premier capteur (18-1) pour détecter ledit fonctionnement rotatif déséquilibré dudit conteneur dans ledit premier plan ;
    un second capteur (18-2) pour détecter ledit fonctionnement rotatif déséquilibré dudit conteneur dans ledit second plan ; et
    une unité de commande (17) conçue pour commander l'introduction d'eau propre dans ladite première chambre d'équilibrage (6a à f) sur la base d'une sortie dudit premier capteur et pour commander l'introduction d'eau propre dans ladite seconde chambre d'équilibrage (7a à f) sur la base de la sortie dudit second capteur.
  22. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 20, dans laquelle ledit conteneur (5) est cylindrique et tourne autour de son axe cylindrique et comporte au moins deux chambres d'équilibrage (6a à f, 7a à f), une première chambre d'équilibrage (6a à f) se situant sensiblement dans un premier plan perpendiculaire à l'axe cylindrique (3a) et une seconde chambre d'équilibrage (7a à f) se situant dans un second plan perpendiculaire à l'axe cylindrique ; comprenant de plus un premier conduit de vidage (5a à f, 10a à 1) courant dans une direction parallèle audit axe cylindrique pour vider ladite eau propre provenant de ladite première chambre d'équilibrage (6a à f) dans un second tuyau (14b et c) commun aux deux dites première et seconde chambres d'équilibrage.
EP00972848A 1999-10-21 2000-10-20 Systemes et procedes permettant d'equilibrer un objet en rotation autour d'un axe Expired - Lifetime EP1222332B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00972848A EP1222332B1 (fr) 1999-10-21 2000-10-20 Systemes et procedes permettant d'equilibrer un objet en rotation autour d'un axe

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9924832 1999-10-21
GBGB9924832.0A GB9924832D0 (en) 1999-10-21 1999-10-21 Method of balancing an object which rotates about an axis
EP00104591 2000-03-15
EP00104591A EP1094143A1 (fr) 1999-10-21 2000-03-15 Disposif pour équilibrer des objets tournant autour d'un axe
EP00972848A EP1222332B1 (fr) 1999-10-21 2000-10-20 Systemes et procedes permettant d'equilibrer un objet en rotation autour d'un axe
PCT/EP2000/010429 WO2001029304A2 (fr) 1999-10-21 2000-10-20 Systemes et procedes permettant d'equilibrer un objet en rotation autour d'un axe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1222332A2 EP1222332A2 (fr) 2002-07-17
EP1222332B1 true EP1222332B1 (fr) 2005-01-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00104591A Withdrawn EP1094143A1 (fr) 1999-10-21 2000-03-15 Disposif pour équilibrer des objets tournant autour d'un axe
EP00972848A Expired - Lifetime EP1222332B1 (fr) 1999-10-21 2000-10-20 Systemes et procedes permettant d'equilibrer un objet en rotation autour d'un axe

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00104591A Withdrawn EP1094143A1 (fr) 1999-10-21 2000-03-15 Disposif pour équilibrer des objets tournant autour d'un axe

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EP (2) EP1094143A1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE287000T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1143701A (fr)
GB (1) GB9924832D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001029304A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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CN102560962A (zh) * 2010-12-24 2012-07-11 博西华电器（江苏）有限公司 洗衣机的滚筒组件以及设有该滚筒组件的洗衣机

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CN101680150B (zh) * 2007-04-17 2011-06-22 阿塞里克股份有限公司 洗涤机/干燥机
DE602008006274D1 (de) * 2007-12-28 2011-05-26 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi Tuzla Waschmaschine mit reservoirs in den rippen für ausgleich und waschsprays
JP2010207316A (ja) * 2009-03-09 2010-09-24 Panasonic Corp 洗濯機
DE102009044709B4 (de) * 2009-12-01 2014-10-23 Miele & Cie. Kg Waschmaschine mit einem Laugenbehälter und einer Auswuchteinrichtung
KR102032845B1 (ko) * 2013-02-13 2019-10-16 엘지전자 주식회사 의류처리장치
CN113614304A (zh) * 2019-03-27 2021-11-05 伟视达电子工贸有限公司 用于洗衣机的平衡系统

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US5913951A (en) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-22 Maytag Corporation Radially oriented motor for a fluid balance ring

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US2791917A (en) * 1953-09-30 1957-05-14 Frank J Kahn Automatic balancing of rotatable hollow cylinders
SE461279B (sv) * 1988-05-30 1990-01-29 Electrolux Ab Metod foer balansering av en kring en vaesentligen horisontell axel roterande behaallare
US5280660A (en) * 1992-10-05 1994-01-25 Pellerin Milnor Corporation Centrifugal extracting machine having balancing system
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102560962A (zh) * 2010-12-24 2012-07-11 博西华电器（江苏）有限公司 洗衣机的滚筒组件以及设有该滚筒组件的洗衣机

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Publication number Publication date
EP1222332A2 (fr) 2002-07-17
WO2001029304A9 (fr) 2002-09-12
GB9924832D0 (en) 1999-12-22
EP1094143A1 (fr) 2001-04-25
ATE287000T1 (de) 2005-01-15
WO2001029304A2 (fr) 2001-04-26
AU1143701A (en) 2001-04-30
WO2001029304A3 (fr) 2001-09-13

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