EP1222099B1 - Device for measuring the temperatures of axles or bearings for locating hot-boxes or overheated brakes in rolling stock - Google Patents
Device for measuring the temperatures of axles or bearings for locating hot-boxes or overheated brakes in rolling stock Download PDFInfo
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- EP1222099B1 EP1222099B1 EP00967415A EP00967415A EP1222099B1 EP 1222099 B1 EP1222099 B1 EP 1222099B1 EP 00967415 A EP00967415 A EP 00967415A EP 00967415 A EP00967415 A EP 00967415A EP 1222099 B1 EP1222099 B1 EP 1222099B1
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- Prior art keywords
- deflection mirrors
- mirror
- measuring
- infrared rays
- plane
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/04—Detectors for indicating the overheating of axle bearings and the like, e.g. associated with the brake system for applying the brakes in case of a fault
- B61K9/06—Detectors for indicating the overheating of axle bearings and the like, e.g. associated with the brake system for applying the brakes in case of a fault by detecting or indicating heat radiation from overheated axles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for measuring Axle or bearing temperatures for locating hot runners or overheated brakes in rolling rail traffic, in which the Infrared rays of the measuring points over an oscillating Oscillating mirrors are directed onto an infrared receiver, whereby infrared rays emitted transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail in that defined by the oscillation of the oscillating mirror Scanning plane can be detected.
- HOA hot runner location systems
- detectors thermal detectors such as bolometers or quickly responding heat radiation sensors, such as HgCd, HgTe, InSb, PbSe or combinations of such semiconductors used.
- Such semiconductor detectors talk through thermal excitation of free charge carriers for changes to and are able to resolve radiation with a high pulse train, however for the continuous detection of a certain temperature level without additional facilities such as Modulators or deflection devices, which the incident Interrupt the beam cyclically or to other temperature levels direct, not suitable.
- Such facilities are usually in the track area arranged and the measuring beam passes through a window of the Device and corresponding deflection devices on the in general cooled detector.
- the arrangement is usually made so that the active window including an angle to the normal warehouse of a rolling rail vehicle can capture.
- sine wave Developed a series of special evaluation methods with which actually the hottest part of an axis or one Bearing can be detected transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail, wherein a special measurement and evaluation method, for example is described in AT 398 413 B.
- a common disadvantage of the previously known device is in the fact that very different wheel sizes, in particular different wheel sizes for passenger cars or heavy-duty wagons, especially so-called low-floor wagons, significantly influence the possible scanning range, which results from the distance of the oscillating mirror to the scanning surface derives. Due to the geometry of different vehicles and especially the geometry of different bearings it is usually only very much with a single facility difficult to do, several scanning areas simultaneously with different To register car groups.
- the invention now aims to provide a simple device of the type mentioned at the beginning with an oscillating oscillating mirror, which covers a scanning plane to create with which it regardless of the geometry of the particular rolling It is possible to have defined positions in the field of vehicles Axle of a vehicle, especially bearing axles, brakes, such as for example, disc brakes or others may be prohibited to detect heated parts and with only one Detector device to obtain complete information.
- the device according to the invention is used to achieve this object essentially in that within the scan plane at least two deflecting mirrors at a distance transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail are arranged from each other, the deflected Infrared rays corresponding to the oscillation of the oscillating mirror be recorded in chronological order.
- the inventive design is particularly advantageous hiebei hit so that the deflecting mirror as one Deflecting mirror rotating axis normal to the mirror plane are trained.
- Such rotating deflecting mirror can with a correspondingly high rotational speed on the Dust particles striking the mirror surface by centrifugal force throw off again, so that a self-cleaning effect of Deflecting mirror is observed.
- the training can advantageously be made such that the Levels of the mirror surfaces of the deflecting mirror essentially are arranged parallel to each other. If such mirror surfaces the deflecting mirror essentially parallel to one another are arranged within the through the Oscillating mirrors define a plurality of scanning levels positions above such a deflecting mirror assigned and successively recorded, whereby a particularly simple compensation of heterodyne signals when changing from one deflecting mirror to the next deflecting mirror within the oscillation range of the oscillating mirror is made possible.
- the training is made in a particularly simple manner that the deflecting mirror in the driving plane or relative to the level spanned by the rail sleepers different Height or different vertical spacing arranged are.
- the threshold axis for recording exact positions of a Axis or of a bearing without the optical axis of the detector should be inclined in such a way that it due to different geometrical designs of the chassis could be affected by vehicles. This applies in particular to a preferably essentially horizontal one Arrangement of the optical axis of the input optics of the Detector.
- the training according to the invention is advantageously made such that the rotating deflecting mirror within a hollow Threshold are arranged and that the threshold in vertical Direction above the respective mirror openings or Has windows for the passage of infrared rays.
- the rotating deflecting mirror can be protected itself can be arranged and it can be done with a narrowly defined and scanning angle not disturbed by external influences within that defined by the oscillation of the mirror Scanning plane a plurality of measuring points or measuring ranges be grasped safely.
- the openings or windows of the Threshold can be suitably through infrared transparent Glasses or protected by screens or sliders, so the risk of pollution of the mirrors is significant can be reduced.
- the training is advantageously made so that the optical Axis of the entrance lens of the oscillating oscillating mirror and the detector containing the infrared receiver runs parallel to the driving level.
- Such an orientation the optical axis of the optics of the detector and in particular the optical axis of the entrance lens of the detector allows the detector itself to be protected, for example to be arranged within a hollow threshold, so that impairments due to mechanical influences or pollution can be further reduced.
- this allows Training to ensure that even in the case of low-floor wagons or parts of the measuring beam hanging from wagons can not be interrupted in any way and therefore The required measurement values are available for all axes can be put.
- the training is made so that the levels the deflecting mirror is inclined approximately 45 ° to the driving level are, preferably the optical axis of the entrance lens of the detector within the hollow threshold in the longitudinal direction of the threshold is arranged axially or axially parallel.
- An exact one Assignment to each staggered in the longitudinal direction of the axes Measuring ranges or measuring points, such as Bearings or disc brakes can be achieved with advantage that the deflecting mirror below the one to be detected Measuring points are arranged, with a particularly high Measurement accuracy can be guaranteed if the rotating Deflecting mirror within the vertical projection of the respective Measuring surface are arranged. This way each time the entire measuring area in the oscillation range of the Vibration level scanned so that complete information obtained over the axial width of the area to be measured can be.
- Hot runner location system are the deflection mirrors as convex or concave deflecting mirror.
- the scanning area can be enlarged and at Using a concave mirror limits the scanning area become.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic arrangement of with two rotating deflecting mirrors relative to a detector an oscillating mirror and
- Fig. 2 is a schematic arrangement the device inside a hollow measuring threshold.
- Fig. 1 are two rotating deflecting mirrors 1 and 2 in the axial direction a threshold offset by a distance a, the detector 3 being axially spaced from the two rotating deflecting mirrors 1 and 2 with essentially horizontal Axis 4 of the input optics or input lens 5 is arranged is.
- Axis 4 denotes the central beam, which with the interposition of the focusing optical Element, namely the input lens 5 on a field lens 6 arrives.
- At 7 there is an autocollimation element at which the temperature of the infrared detector 8 a corresponding oscillating position of the oscillating mirror 9 provided that it is reflected on itself, so that a Reference value can be obtained.
- the oscillating mirror 9 swings in the direction of the double arrow 10, whereby one in the Scanning plane spanning the drawing plane and in the course the oscillating oscillation of the oscillating mirror 9 initially a first partial scan over area b with interposition of the deflecting mirror 2 and subsequently another partial scan over an axial length c using the deflecting mirror 1 takes place, the respective measuring beams lying in the plane by the angular ranges ⁇ and ⁇ in chronological order from Detector 8 can be detected. It goes without saying that a further rotating mirror, not shown, the scanning other measuring points, such as a disc brake allows.
- planar mirrors can be used or, as indicated in FIG. 1 with dashed lines, Convex or concave mirror can be used.
- the measuring threshold has windows 12 and 13, through which originate from the partial area to be measured Infrared rays reach deflecting mirrors 1 and 2 can, these windows 12 and 13 with sliders can be closed. 2 the measuring beam entering through the window 13 is oriented in such a way that a portion d of a bearing in the direction of Axis of the bearing can be detected and the corresponding Temperature measurements over this sub-area d are detected by the detector can be.
- the partial area lying above the measuring window 12 is part of the axis 14 of a rail vehicle, whose impeller is designated 15.
- the Rail itself is indicated schematically at 16 and across Threshold longitudinal axis set at the threshold.
- the windows 12 and 13 and possibly other windows can be vertically below the area to be measured be arranged, the axial central beam of the measuring device itself, i.e. the optical axis of the focusing optical element 5 protected inside the threshold in can run essentially horizontally, but so different Training of chassis and different Dimensions of wheels and bearings as little as by depending part of a vehicle are interrupted can.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einrichtung zum Messen von Achs- bzw. Lagertemperaturen zur Ortung von Heißläufern oder überhitzten Bremsen im rollenden Bahnverkehr, bei welcher die Infrarotstrahlen der Meßstellen über einen oszillierenden Schwingspiegel auf einen Infrarotempfänger gelenkt werden, wobei quer zur Schienenlängsrichtung ausgesandte Infrarotstrahlen in der durch die Oszillation des Schwingspiegels definierten Abtastebene erfaßt werden.The invention relates to a device for measuring Axle or bearing temperatures for locating hot runners or overheated brakes in rolling rail traffic, in which the Infrared rays of the measuring points over an oscillating Oscillating mirrors are directed onto an infrared receiver, whereby infrared rays emitted transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail in that defined by the oscillation of the oscillating mirror Scanning plane can be detected.
Einrichtungen der eingangs genannten Art sind beispielsweise in der AT 395 571 B oder der AT 398 413 B beschrieben. Derartige Einrichtungen werden auch als Heißläuferortungsanlagen (HOA) bezeichnet, wobei je nach erfaßtem Meßbereich mit analogen Einrichtungen auch blockierende Bremsen oder andere unzulässig erhitzte Teile von Schienenfahrzeugen erfaßt werden können. In derartigen Einrichtungen werden als Detektoren thermische Detektoren, wie beispielsweise Bolometer oder aber rasch ansprechende Wärmestrahlungsfühler, wie beispielsweise HgCd, HgTe, InSb, PbSe oder Kombinationen derartiger Halbleiter eingesetzt. Derartige Halbleiterdetektoren sprechen durch thermische Anregung freier Ladungsträger auf Änderungen an und vermögen Strahlung hoher Impulsfolge aufzulösen, sind jedoch für die kontinuierliche Erfassung eines bestimmten Temperaturniveaus ohne zusätzliche Einrichtungen, wie beispielsweise Modulatoren oder Ablenkeinrichtungen, welche den einfallenden Strahl zyklisch unterbrechen oder auf andere Temperaturniveaus lenken, nicht geeignet.Devices of the type mentioned are, for example in AT 395 571 B or AT 398 413 B. such Facilities are also called hot runner location systems (HOA) denotes, depending on the measured measuring range with analog Devices also blocking brakes or other impermissible heated parts of rail vehicles can be detected can. In such facilities are called detectors thermal detectors, such as bolometers or quickly responding heat radiation sensors, such as HgCd, HgTe, InSb, PbSe or combinations of such semiconductors used. Such semiconductor detectors talk through thermal excitation of free charge carriers for changes to and are able to resolve radiation with a high pulse train, however for the continuous detection of a certain temperature level without additional facilities such as Modulators or deflection devices, which the incident Interrupt the beam cyclically or to other temperature levels direct, not suitable.
Üblicherweise werden derartige Einrichtungen im Gleisbereich angeordent und der Meßstrahl gelangt durch ein Fenster der Einrichtung und entsprechende Umlenkeinrichtungen auf den im allgemeinen gekühlten Detektor. Üblicherweise erfolgt die Anordnung so, daß das aktive Fenster unter Einschluß eines Winkels zur Normalen Lager eines rollenden Schienenfahrzeuges erfassen kann. Um die Meßgenauigkeit und insbesondere Fehllauf aufgrund des sogenannten Sinuslaufes zu vermeiden, wurden eine Reihe von speziellen Auswerteverfahren entwickelt, mit welchen tatsächlich die jeweils heißeste Stelle einer Achse oder eines Lagers quer zur Schienenlängsrichtung erfaßt werden kann, wobei ein spezielles Meß- und Auswerteverfahren, beispielsweise in der AT 398 413 B beschrieben ist.Such facilities are usually in the track area arranged and the measuring beam passes through a window of the Device and corresponding deflection devices on the in general cooled detector. The arrangement is usually made so that the active window including an angle to the normal warehouse of a rolling rail vehicle can capture. To the measuring accuracy and in particular wrong running to avoid due to the so-called sine wave Developed a series of special evaluation methods with which actually the hottest part of an axis or one Bearing can be detected transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail, wherein a special measurement and evaluation method, for example is described in AT 398 413 B.
Ein gemeinsamer Nachteil der bisher bekannten Einrichtung besteht darin, daß stark unterschiedliche Laufradgrößen, insbesondere unterschiedliche Laufradgrößen bei Personenwaggons oder Schwerlastwaggons, insbesondere sogenannten Niederflurwaggons, den möglichen Abtastbereich wesentlich beeinflussen, der sich aus dem Abstand des Schwingspiegels zur Abtastfläche ableitet. Bedingt durch die Geometrie unterschiedlicher Fahrzeuge und insbesondere die Geometrie unterschiedlicher Lager ist es mit einer einzigen Einrichtung in der Regel nur sehr schwer möglich, mehrere Abtastflächen gleichzeitig bei unterschiedlichen Wagengruppen zu erfassen.A common disadvantage of the previously known device is in the fact that very different wheel sizes, in particular different wheel sizes for passenger cars or heavy-duty wagons, especially so-called low-floor wagons, significantly influence the possible scanning range, which results from the distance of the oscillating mirror to the scanning surface derives. Due to the geometry of different vehicles and especially the geometry of different bearings it is usually only very much with a single facility difficult to do, several scanning areas simultaneously with different To register car groups.
Die Erfindung zielt nun darauf ab, eine einfache Einrichtung der eingangs genannten Art mit einem oszillierenden Schwingspiegel, welcher eine Abtastebene erfaßt zu schaffen, mit welchem es unabhängig von der Geometrie der jeweilig rollenden Fahrzeuge möglich ist, definierte Positionen im Bereich der Achse eines Fahrzeuges, insbesondere Lagerachsen, Bremsen, wie beispielsweise Scheibenbremsen oder andere möglicherweise unzulässig erwärmte Teile zu erfassen und mit nur einer einzigen Detektoreinrichtung eine vollständige Information zu erlangen. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung im wesentlichen darin, daß innerhalb der Abtastebene wenigstens zwei Umlenkspiegel in einem Abstand quer zur Schienenlängsrichtung voneinander angeordnet sind, deren umgelenkte Infrarotstrahlen entsprechend der Oszillation des Schwingspiegels in zeitlicher Abfolge erfaßt werden. Dadurch, daß innerhalb der Abtastebene wenigstens zwei Umlenkspiegel in einem Abstand quer zur Schienenlängsrichtung voneinander angeordnet sind, lassen sich eine Mehrzahl von Meßbereichen bzw. Meßstellen in eine der Oszillation des Schwingspiegels entsprechende definierte Abtastebene umlenken und einem gemeinsamen Detektor zuführen, wenn die jeweils den einzelnen Meßstellen zugeordneten Umlenkspiegel in seitlichem Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind, und im Zuge der Abtastung die umgelenkten Infrarotstrahlen in zeitlicher Abfolge aufgrund der Oszillation des Schwingspiegels auf den Infrarotdetektor gelenkt werden.The invention now aims to provide a simple device of the type mentioned at the beginning with an oscillating oscillating mirror, which covers a scanning plane to create with which it regardless of the geometry of the particular rolling It is possible to have defined positions in the field of vehicles Axle of a vehicle, especially bearing axles, brakes, such as for example, disc brakes or others may be prohibited to detect heated parts and with only one Detector device to obtain complete information. The device according to the invention is used to achieve this object essentially in that within the scan plane at least two deflecting mirrors at a distance transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail are arranged from each other, the deflected Infrared rays corresponding to the oscillation of the oscillating mirror be recorded in chronological order. Because within the scanning plane at least two deflecting mirrors in one Distance arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rails from each other are a plurality of measuring ranges or measuring points into one corresponding to the oscillation of the oscillating mirror redirect the defined scanning plane and a common one Feed the detector when the individual measuring points assigned deflecting mirror at a lateral distance from one another are arranged, and the deflected in the course of the scanning Infrared rays in chronological order due to the oscillation of the oscillating mirror directed onto the infrared detector become.
In besonders vorteilhafter Weise ist die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung hiebei so getroffen, daß die Umlenkspiegel als um eine normal zur Spiegelebene stehende Achse rotierende Umlenkspiegel ausgebildet sind. Derartige rotierende Umlenkspiegel können bei entsprechend hoher Rotationsgeschwindigkeit auf die Spiegelfläche auftreffende Staubpartikel durch Zentrifugalkraft wiederum abwerfen, sodaß ein Selbsreinigungseffekt der Umlenkspiegel beobachtet wird.The inventive design is particularly advantageous hiebei hit so that the deflecting mirror as one Deflecting mirror rotating axis normal to the mirror plane are trained. Such rotating deflecting mirror can with a correspondingly high rotational speed on the Dust particles striking the mirror surface by centrifugal force throw off again, so that a self-cleaning effect of Deflecting mirror is observed.
Mit Vorteil kann die Ausbildung so getroffen sein, daß die Ebenen der Spiegeloberflächen der Umlenkspiegel im wesentlichen parallel zueinander angeordnet sind. Wenn derartige Spiegeloberflächen der Umlenkspiegel im wesentlichen parallel zueinander angeordnet sind, können innerhalb der durch den Schwingspiegel definierten Abtastebene eine Mehrzahl von darüberliegenden Positionen jeweils einem derartigen Umlenkspiegel zugeordnet und sukzessive sicher erfaßt werden, wobei eine besonders einfache Kompensation von Überlagerungssignalen beim Übergang von einem Umlenkspiegel zum nächsten Umlenkspiegel innerhalb des Oszillationsbereiches des Schwingspiegels ermöglicht wird.The training can advantageously be made such that the Levels of the mirror surfaces of the deflecting mirror essentially are arranged parallel to each other. If such mirror surfaces the deflecting mirror essentially parallel to one another are arranged within the through the Oscillating mirrors define a plurality of scanning levels positions above such a deflecting mirror assigned and successively recorded, whereby a particularly simple compensation of heterodyne signals when changing from one deflecting mirror to the next deflecting mirror within the oscillation range of the oscillating mirror is made possible.
In besonders einfacher Weise ist die Ausbildung so getroffen, daß die Umlenkspiegel in zur Fahrebene bzw. relativ zu der durch die Schienenschwellen aufgespannten Ebene unterschiedlicher Höhe bzw. unterschiedlichem Vertikalabstand angeordnet sind. Bei im wesentlichen paralleler Anordnung der Ebenen der Spiegeloberflächen der Umlenkspiegel führt eine derartige Versetzung quer zur Schienenlängsrichtung bzw. in Längsrichtung der Schwellenachse zur Erfassung exakter Positionen einer Achse oder eines Lagers, ohne daß hiebei die optische Achse des Detektors in einer Weise geneigt werden müßte, daß sie durch unterschiedliche geometrische Ausgestaltungen des Fahrgestells von Fahrzeugen beeinträchtigt werden könnte. Dies gilt insbesondere für eine bevorzugt im wesentlichen horizontale Anordnung der optischen Achse der Eingangsoptik des Detektors.The training is made in a particularly simple manner that the deflecting mirror in the driving plane or relative to the level spanned by the rail sleepers different Height or different vertical spacing arranged are. With an essentially parallel arrangement of the levels of Such surfaces are caused by mirror surfaces of the deflecting mirrors transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail or in the longitudinal direction the threshold axis for recording exact positions of a Axis or of a bearing without the optical axis of the detector should be inclined in such a way that it due to different geometrical designs of the chassis could be affected by vehicles. This applies in particular to a preferably essentially horizontal one Arrangement of the optical axis of the input optics of the Detector.
Mit Vorteil ist die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung so getroffen, daß die rotierenden Umlenkspiegel innerhalb einer hohlen Schwelle angeordnet sind und daß die Schwelle in vertikaler Richtung oberhalb der jeweiligen Spiegel Durchbrechungen bzw. Fenster für den Durchtritt von Infrarotstrahlen aufweist. Auf diese Weise können die rotierenden Umlenkspiegel selbst geschützt angeordnet werden und es kann mit einem eng definierten und durch Fremdeinflüsse nicht gestörten Abtastwinkel innerhalb der durch die Oszillation des Spiegels definierten Abtastebene eine Mehrzahl von Meßstellen oder Meßbereichen sicher erfaßt werden. Die Durchbrechungen bzw. Fenster der Schwelle können in geeigneter Weise durch infrarotdurchlässige Gläser oder aber durch Blenden oder Schieber geschützt werden, sodaß die Gefahr der Verschmutzung der Spiegel wesentlich herabgesetzt werden kann.The training according to the invention is advantageously made such that the rotating deflecting mirror within a hollow Threshold are arranged and that the threshold in vertical Direction above the respective mirror openings or Has windows for the passage of infrared rays. On this way the rotating deflecting mirror can be protected itself can be arranged and it can be done with a narrowly defined and scanning angle not disturbed by external influences within that defined by the oscillation of the mirror Scanning plane a plurality of measuring points or measuring ranges be grasped safely. The openings or windows of the Threshold can be suitably through infrared transparent Glasses or protected by screens or sliders, so the risk of pollution of the mirrors is significant can be reduced.
Mit Vorteil ist die Ausbildung so getroffen, daß die optische Achse der Eintrittslinse des den oszillierenden Schwingspiegel und den Infrarotempfänger enthaltenden Detektors im wesentlichen parallel zur Fahrebene verläuft. Eine derartige Orientierung der optischen Achse der Optik des Detektors und insbesondere der optischen Achse der Eintrittslinse des Detektors erlaubt es, den Detektor selbst geschützt, beispielsweise innerhalb einer hohlen Schwelle anzuordnen, sodaß Beeinträchtigungen durch mechanische Einflüsse oder durch Verschmutzung weiter herabgesetzt werden können. Insbesondere erlaubt diese Ausbildung sicherzustellen, daß auch im Falle von von Niederflurwaggons oder von Waggons herabhängenden Teilen der Meßstrahl in keiner Weise unterbrochen werden kann und daher sicher für alle Achsen die erforderlichen Meßwerte zur Verfügung gestellt werden können.The training is advantageously made so that the optical Axis of the entrance lens of the oscillating oscillating mirror and the detector containing the infrared receiver runs parallel to the driving level. Such an orientation the optical axis of the optics of the detector and in particular the optical axis of the entrance lens of the detector allows the detector itself to be protected, for example to be arranged within a hollow threshold, so that impairments due to mechanical influences or pollution can be further reduced. In particular, this allows Training to ensure that even in the case of low-floor wagons or parts of the measuring beam hanging from wagons can not be interrupted in any way and therefore The required measurement values are available for all axes can be put.
Mit Vorteil ist die Ausbildung so getroffen, daß die Ebenen der Umlenkspiegel etwa 45° zur Fahrebene geneigt angeordnet sind, wobei vorzugsweise die optische Achse der Eintrittslinse des Detektors innerhalb der hohlen Schwelle in Schwellenlängsrichtung axial oder achsparallel angeordnet ist. Eine exakte Zuordnung zu jeweils in Längsrichtung der Achsen versetzt angeordneten Meßbereichen oder Meßstellen, wie beispielsweise Lagern oder Scheibenbremsen, gelingt hiebei mit Vorteil dadurch, daß die Umlenkspiegel jeweils unterhalb der zu erfassenden Meßstellen angeordnet sind, wobei eine besonders hohe Meßgenauigkeit dann gewährleistet werden kann, wenn die rotierenden Umlenkspiegel innerhalb der Vertikalprojektion der jeweiligen Meßfläche angeordnet sind. Auf diese Weise wird jeweils die gesamte Meßfläche im Oszillationsbereich des Schwingspiegels abgetastet, sodaß vollständige Informationen über die axiale Breite des zu messenden Bereiches gewonnen werden können.Advantageously, the training is made so that the levels the deflecting mirror is inclined approximately 45 ° to the driving level are, preferably the optical axis of the entrance lens of the detector within the hollow threshold in the longitudinal direction of the threshold is arranged axially or axially parallel. An exact one Assignment to each staggered in the longitudinal direction of the axes Measuring ranges or measuring points, such as Bearings or disc brakes can be achieved with advantage that the deflecting mirror below the one to be detected Measuring points are arranged, with a particularly high Measurement accuracy can be guaranteed if the rotating Deflecting mirror within the vertical projection of the respective Measuring surface are arranged. This way each time the entire measuring area in the oscillation range of the Vibration level scanned so that complete information obtained over the axial width of the area to be measured can be.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Heißläuferortungsanlage sind die Umlenkspiegel als konvexe oder konkave Umlenkspiegel ausgebildet. Bei Verwendung eines konvexen Spiegels kann der Abtastbereich vergrößert und bei Verwendung eines konkaven Spiegels der Abtastbereich eingeschränkt werden.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention Hot runner location system are the deflection mirrors as convex or concave deflecting mirror. When using a convex mirror, the scanning area can be enlarged and at Using a concave mirror limits the scanning area become.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. In dieser zeigen Fig. 1 eine schematische Anordnung von zwei rotierenden Umlenkspiegeln relativ zu einem Detektor mit einem Schwingspiegel und Fig. 2 eine schematische Anordnung der Einrichtung im Inneren einer hohlen Meßschwelle.The invention is described below with reference to a drawing schematically illustrated embodiment. 1 shows a schematic arrangement of with two rotating deflecting mirrors relative to a detector an oscillating mirror and Fig. 2 is a schematic arrangement the device inside a hollow measuring threshold.
In Fig. 1 sind zwei rotierende Umlenkspiegel 1 und 2 in Achsrichtung
einer Schwelle um einen Abstand a versetzt angeordnet,
wobei der Detektor 3 in axialem Abstand von den beiden
rotierenden Umlenkspiegeln 1 und 2 mit im wesentlichen horizontaler
Achse 4 der Eingangsoptik bzw. Eingangslinse 5 angeordnet
ist. Die Achse 4 bezeichnet hiebei den Zentralstrahl,
welcher unter Zwischenschaltung des fokusierenden optischen
Elementes, nämlich der Eingangslinse 5 auf eine Bildfeldlinse
6 gelangt. Mit 7 ist hiebei ein Autokollimationselement
bezeichnet, bei welchem die Temperatur des Infrarotdetektors 8
eine entsprechende Schwingstellung des Schwingspiegels 9
vorausgesetzt auf sich selbst reflektiert wird, sodaß ein
Referenzwert gewonnen werden kann. Der Schwingspiegel 9
schwingt im Sinne des Doppelpfeiles 10, wodurch eine in der
Zeichenebene verlaufende Abtastebene aufgespannt und im Zuge
des oszillierenden Schwingens des Schwingspiegels 9 zunächst
ein erster Teilscan über den Bereich b unter Zwischenschaltung
des Umlenkspiegels 2 und in der Folge ein weiterer Teilscan
über eine axiale Länge c unter Verwendung des Umlenkspiegels 1
erfolgt, wobei die jeweilig in der Ebene liegenden Meßstrahlen
durch die Winkelbereich α und β in zeitlicher Reihenfolge vom
Detektor 8 erfaßt werden. Es versteht sich von selbst, daß ein
weiterer nicht dargestellter rotierender Spiegel die Abtastung
weiterer Meßstellen, wie beispielsweise einer Scheibenbremse
ermöglicht. Für die Umlenkspiegel 1 bzw. 2 können Planspiegel
oder, wie in Fig. 1 mit strichlierten Linien angedeutet,
Konvex- bzw. Konkavspiegel verwendet werden.In Fig. 1 are two rotating
Bei der Darstellung nach Fig. 2 sind der Detektor 3 und die
beiden rotierenden Spiegel 1 und 2 im Inneren einer hohlen
Meßschwelle 11 angeordnet, wobei die optische Achse 4 im
wesentlichen mit der Längsachse der Meßschwelle 11 übereinstimmt.
Die Meßschwelle verfügt über Fenster 12 und 13, durch
welche die von dem jeweils zu messenden Teilbereich ausgehenden
Infrarotstrahlen auf die Umlenkspiegel 1 und 2 gelangen
können, wobei diese Fenster 12 und 13 mit Schiebern
verschlossen werden können. Bei der Darstellung nach Fig. 2
ist der durch das Fenster 13 eintretende Meßstrahl so orientiert,
daß ein Teilbereich d eines Lagers in Richtung der
Achse des Lagers erfaßt werden kann und die entsprechenden
Temperaturmeßwerte über diesen Teilbereich d vom Detektor erfaßt
werden können. Der über dem Meßfenster 12 liegende Teilbereich
ist hiebei ein Teilbereich der Achse 14 eines Schienenfahrzeuges,
dessen Laufrad mit 15 bezeichnet ist. Die
Schiene selbst ist schematisch mit 16 angedeutet und quer zur
Schwellenlängsachse an der Schwelle festgelegt.2, the
Die Fenster 12 und 13 sowie gegebenenfalls weitere Fenster
können jeweils vertikal unterhalb des zu messenden Bereiches
angeordnet werden, wobei der axiale Zentralstrahl der Meßeinrichtung
selbst, d.h. die optische Achse des fokusierenden
optischen Elementes 5 geschützt im Inneren der Schwelle im
wesentlichen horizontal verlaufen kann, sodaß jedoch unterschiedliche
Ausbildungen von Fahrgestellen und unterschiedliche
Dimensionen von Rädern und Lagern ebensowenig wie durch
herabhängende Teiles eines Fahrzeuges unterbrochen werden
kann.The
Claims (11)
- A device for measuring the temperature of axles and bearings aimed to detect hot boxes or overheated brakes in rolling stock, in which the infrared rays of the measuring points are directed onto an infrared receiver (8) via an oscillating mirror (9) with infrared rays emitted transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rails being detected in the scanning plane defined by the oscillation of the oscillating mirror (9), characterized in that at least two deflection mirrors (1, 2) are arranged within the scanning plane at a distance (a) from each other transverse to the longitudinal direction of the rails, the deflected infrared rays of which deflection mirrors are detected in a time sequence corresponding with the oscillation of the oscillating mirror (9).
- A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflection mirrors (1, 2) are designed as deflection mirrors (1, 2) rotating about an axis extending normal to the mirror plane.
- A device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the planes of the mirror surfaces of the deflection mirrors (1, 2) are arranged in a manner substantially parallel with each other.
- A device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the deflection mirrors (1, 2) are arranged on different levels, and at different vertical distances, relative to the running plane and the plane stretched by the rail sleepers, respectively.
- A device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rotating deflection mirrors (1, 2) are arranged within a hollow sleeper (11) and that the sleeper (11) comprises openings or windows (12, 13) in the vertical direction above the respective mirror (1, 2) for the passage of infrared rays.
- A device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the optical axis (4) of the entrance lens (5) of the detector (3) containing the oscillating mirror (9) and the infrared receiver (8) extends substantially parallel with the running plane.
- A device according to claim 6, characterized in that the planes of the deflection mirrors (1, 2) are arranged in a manner inclined relative to the running plane by 45°.
- A device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the optical axis (4) of the entrance lens (5) of the detector (3) is arranged within the hollow sleeper (11) in a manner axial or axially parallel with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sleeper.
- A device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the deflection mirrors (1, 2) are each arranged below the measuring points to be detected.
- A device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the rotating deflection mirrors (1, 2) are arranged within the vertical projection of the respective measuring surface.
- A device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the deflection mirrors are designed as convex or concave deflection mirrors.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0176999A AT408092B (en) | 1999-10-19 | 1999-10-19 | DEVICE FOR MEASURING AXLE OR STORAGE TEMPERATURES FOR LOCATING HOT RUNNERS OR OVERHEATED BRAKES IN ROLLING RAILWAY TRAFFIC |
AT176999 | 1999-10-19 | ||
PCT/AT2000/000262 WO2001028838A1 (en) | 1999-10-19 | 2000-10-09 | Device for measuring the temperatures of axles or bearings for locating hot-boxes or overheated brakes in rolling stock |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1222099A1 EP1222099A1 (en) | 2002-07-17 |
EP1222099B1 true EP1222099B1 (en) | 2003-05-21 |
Family
ID=3520612
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00967415A Expired - Lifetime EP1222099B1 (en) | 1999-10-19 | 2000-10-09 | Device for measuring the temperatures of axles or bearings for locating hot-boxes or overheated brakes in rolling stock |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6695472B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1222099B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1283509C (en) |
AT (2) | AT408092B (en) |
AU (1) | AU7761500A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2386409C (en) |
DE (1) | DE50002291D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1222099T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HU225351B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL354198A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001028838A1 (en) |
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US8478480B2 (en) | 2006-10-27 | 2013-07-02 | International Electronic Machines Corp. | Vehicle evaluation using infrared data |
US7769564B2 (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2010-08-03 | Progress Rail Services Corp. | Method and apparatus for monitoring bearings |
US7752015B2 (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2010-07-06 | Progress Rail Services Corp | Method and apparatus for monitoring bearings |
KR100715235B1 (en) * | 2007-02-05 | 2007-05-11 | 이화여자대학교 산학협력단 | An optical module for observing an event or an object |
DE102007058993A1 (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2009-06-10 | General Electric Co. | Device for the contactless measurement of temperatures on a rail car |
CA2743237C (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2014-05-27 | International Electronic Machines Corp. | Thermal imaging-based vehicle analysis |
US8112237B2 (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2012-02-07 | Progress Rail Services Corp. | System and method for correcting signal polarities and detection thresholds in a rail vehicle inspection system |
US8280675B2 (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2012-10-02 | Progress Rail Services Corp | System and method for filtering temperature profiles of a wheel |
RU2512804C1 (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2014-04-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Инфотэкс Автоматика Телемеханика" - ООО "Инфотэкс АТ" | Floor chamber for rolling stock running gear heat control device |
US8927936B2 (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-01-06 | Progress Rail Services Corp | Multi-beam detector retrofitted from single-beam detector |
ES2748453T3 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2020-03-16 | Ecm S P A | Integrity check of ir detectors for a rail vehicle |
CN103863355B (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2016-04-20 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of axis temperature detecting device of city rail traffic head angle adjustment |
US9714871B2 (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2017-07-25 | Fca Us Llc | Real-time virtual axle assembly temperature sensor |
US9908545B2 (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2018-03-06 | General Electric Company | Method and system for operating a vehicle system to reduce wheel and track wear |
US9518947B2 (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2016-12-13 | Progress Rail Services Corporation | System and method for detecting wheel bearing condition |
US9415784B2 (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2016-08-16 | Progress Rail Services Corporation | System and method for detecting wheel condition |
CN116080702B (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-07-04 | 广汉科峰电子有限责任公司 | Intelligent detection system for vehicle axle temperature |
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ATE56402T1 (en) * | 1986-10-17 | 1990-09-15 | Signaltechnik Gmbh | PROCEDURE FOR EXTERNAL MEASUREMENT OF AXLE OR AXLE BEARING TEMPERATURES ON MOVING RAILWAY CARS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCEDURE. |
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-
1999
- 1999-10-19 AT AT0176999A patent/AT408092B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-10-09 CA CA002386409A patent/CA2386409C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-10-09 PL PL00354198A patent/PL354198A1/en unknown
- 2000-10-09 WO PCT/AT2000/000262 patent/WO2001028838A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-10-09 EP EP00967415A patent/EP1222099B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-09 AT AT00967415T patent/ATE240862T1/en active
- 2000-10-09 US US10/110,856 patent/US6695472B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-10-09 DE DE50002291T patent/DE50002291D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-10-09 DK DK00967415T patent/DK1222099T3/en active
- 2000-10-09 CN CNB008145008A patent/CN1283509C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-10-09 HU HU0203073A patent/HU225351B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-10-09 AU AU77615/00A patent/AU7761500A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1222099A1 (en) | 2002-07-17 |
AU7761500A (en) | 2001-04-30 |
US6695472B1 (en) | 2004-02-24 |
HU225351B1 (en) | 2006-10-28 |
HUP0203073A3 (en) | 2003-04-28 |
ATA176999A (en) | 2001-01-15 |
DK1222099T3 (en) | 2003-09-22 |
CA2386409A1 (en) | 2001-04-26 |
AT408092B (en) | 2001-08-27 |
CN1379720A (en) | 2002-11-13 |
PL354198A1 (en) | 2003-12-29 |
WO2001028838A1 (en) | 2001-04-26 |
DE50002291D1 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
CA2386409C (en) | 2007-05-01 |
ATE240862T1 (en) | 2003-06-15 |
CN1283509C (en) | 2006-11-08 |
HUP0203073A2 (en) | 2003-01-28 |
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