RU2512804C1 - Floor chamber for rolling stock running gear heat control device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to railway transport, particularly to heat diagnostics of rolling stock running gear parts with the help of thermistor receivers of IR receivers, that is, bolometers. Thermistor bolometer with immersion germanium lens is arranged in case with circular spherical surface. Bolometer attachment fitting body is arranged in mating ball surface of thermal barrel and locked by yoke. Bolometer optimum temperature is maintained by heaters built in thermal barrel grooves. Bolometer temperature gage is secured opposite the thermal barrel heaters. To trap out dust and moisture sleeve with circular crosswise baffles is fitted in thermal barrel upstream of bolometer. Flap with radiators to simulate the box is composed of turn sector is secured directly at step motor shaft mounted at chamber baffle. Chamber front cover in inlet zone accommodates adapter with heating elements, sleeve with transverse ribs and thermal barrel sleeve.

EFFECT: higher reliability, decreased electric power consumption.

3 dwg

Description

The alleged invention relates to the field of railway transport, in particular to outdoor devices for non-contact thermal monitoring of the chassis of rail rolling stock when moving using infrared (thermal) radiation thermometers - bolometers in floor cameras.

Known floor cameras as part of devices for non-contact thermal control of the chassis of rail rolling stock during movement of the type KTSM-02 [1]. The outdoor camera used in KTSM-02 [2] is mounted through an intermediate base with shock absorbers to the shelves of the rail sole. The floor chamber consists of internal and external compartments separated by a partition. The case of the inner compartment with thermal insulation is equipped with a microprocessor-based camera control module combined with a receiving capsule, a temperature sensor and electric heaters to maintain the optimum temperature of the radiation receiver (20 ± 2 ° C). The external compartment of the camera without thermal insulation is made in the form of a removable front cover and is also equipped with electric heaters for melting snow falling through the entrance window. The receiving capsule contains an infrared (IR) radiation receiver with a tube equipped with an anti-sun filter (light filter). The alignment of the infrared receiver in vertical and horizontal planes to align its optical axis with the centers of the holes on the partition and the front cover of the camera is carried out by adjusting screws. Electric heaters in the internal and external compartments are placed on the walls of the chamber through insulators.

The damper assembly mounted on the chamber wall consists of the damper itself, made in the form of a rotary sector, and a crank drive from the shaft of the stepper motor, which is fixed on the back side of the chamber wall - from the side of the internal compartment. The damper sector is equipped with two emitters - passive and active and, accordingly, two sensors for measuring the temperature of these emitters. A hole was made along the radius of the centers of the emitters on the front wall of the chamber — an input window (shutter) closed by a shell with a protective film transparent for IR radiation of controlled objects in the wavelength range from 2 to 20 μm. The control of the angle of rotation of the damper is carried out by position sensors, and its extreme positions are limited by clamps.

A disadvantage of the known floor camera according to US Pat. No. 2374112 (prototype) is the frequent contamination of infrared optics - a bolometer or a protective film if it is present in the obturator of the entrance window of the septum between the external and internal compartments of the body of the floor camera. Another disadvantage of the known outdoor camera is the high power consumption of the heaters located on the walls of the internal and external compartments of the chamber, to maintain the optimum temperature of the thermistor radiation detector (20 ± 2 ° C) and to prevent freezing of the input window on the front cover of the external compartment of the camera in the winter season, - from 600 to 800 watts. The damper drive from the shaft of the stepper motor through an intermediate crank mechanism significantly reduces the cyclic resource of the unit and the reliability of the floor camera as a whole.

To eliminate these shortcomings, a new layout and design of optical-mechanical units, including a floor camera obturator, is proposed.

Figure 1 shows the design of the optical-mechanical unit and the shutter of the floor camera:

1 - thermistor bolometer with an immersion lens; 2 - housing of the bolometer holder with an outer annular spherical surface; 3 - thermostat; 4 - light filter; 5 - a collar with an internal annular spherical surface; 6 - heating elements in longitudinal grooves along the generatrix of the cylindrical surface of the thermocouple; 7 - a sleeve with annular transverse ribs; 8 - shutter of the entrance window on the partition between the inner and outer compartments of the floor chamber; 9 - step electric motor; 10 - a partition with an inlet (obturator); 11 - cover of the external compartment of the floor camera; 12 - nozzle; 13 - heating elements; 14 - sleeve with annular transverse ribs.

Figure 2 shows the rotary sector of the shutter 8 with the sources of the reference radiation - simulators of serviceable and faulty axleboxes (dark color). Between the emitters there is an opening for transmitting radiation from the controlled nodes to the bolometer when the rolling stock is moving.

Figure 3 shows the sleeve 14 with annular transverse ribs mounted in the nozzle of the input window in the upper part of the lid of the external compartment of the floor camera.

IR radiation receiver - thermistor bolometer 1 with an immersion germanium lens is installed in the housing 2 having an annular spherical surface. The housing 2 of the bolometer mount is mounted in the reciprocal ball surface of the thermo-glass 3 and is fixed with a clamp 5, which allows for more accurate adjustment of the bolometer. The optimal temperature of the bolometer 1 in the thermocouple 3 is supported by heating elements (resistors) 6 and a temperature sensor (not shown in the figure due to smallness) built into the grooves along the wall of the thermocouple along its cylindrical generatrix, which minimizes energy costs, i.e. instead of heating the entire internal the chamber compartment is heated only by a bolometer. To capture dust and moisture in a thermo-glass, a sleeve 7 is installed in front of the bolometer with internal annular transverse partitions in the form of ribs. The shutter 8 shutter with emitters - simulators of serviceable and faulty axleboxes (figure 2), made in the form of a rotary sector, is mounted directly on the shaft of the stepper motor 9 mounted on the opposite side of the chamber wall 10. On the front cover 11 of the camera in the input window there is an additional nozzle 12 with heating elements 13 and a sleeve 14 (figure 3) with internal annular transverse partitions - ribs, as well as the sleeve in the thermostat.

The technical result is an increase in the reliability of the optical-mechanical assembly of the floor camera and a decrease in the power consumption of the camera to maintain the optimum temperature of the bolometer.

Information sources

1. Mironov A.A., Tagirov A.F. The use of KTSM complexes in modern conditions. The journal "Automation, Communications, Informatics", 2002, No. 9. Page 5-9.

2. Balabanov E.V., Lyadov V.V., Mironov A.A. and others. The floor chamber of the device for thermal control of the chassis of the rail rolling stock. RU patent No. 2374112, claimed March 24, 2008, publ. November 27, 2009 (prototype).

Claims (1)

The floor chamber of the device for thermal control of the running gear of the rail rolling stock, consisting of a housing with two compartments installed through shock absorbers on the base with its fastening to the sole of the rail, located in the inner compartment of the housing with thermal insulation of the walls of the receiving capsule with an infrared radiation receiver - a thermistor bolometer, preliminary an amplifier, a converter of the output signal of the bolometer into a digital code and a microprocessor-based control module for the outdoor camera, as well as an input damper assembly window, made in the form of a rotary sector with active and passive emitters placed on it, with an electric damper from the stepper motor mounted on the partition between compartments, electric heaters for heating the radiation receiver and input window, as well as an air temperature sensor in the inner compartment of the camera, the fact that the radiation receiver, for example a thermistor bolometer with an immersion lens and a light filter, is installed in a cylindrical body with an annular spherical outer surface and it is placed in a thermo-glass with a counterpart in the form of an annular ball surface and a fixing unit for the bolometer body on the ball surface of the thermo-glass, resistor heaters and a bolometer temperature sensor are placed in the grooves along the generatrix of the thermo-glass; ribs, while the shutter of the input window of the camera, made in the form of a rotary sector with two emitters - imitators of serviceable and not spravno axlebox temperature sensors and emitters, secured directly to the stepper motor axis, and opening an input window on the outer wall of the chamber is provided with a nozzle with electric heaters and a second sleeve having an annular inner transverse ribs.

Images