EP1219899B1 - Système de commande pour une installation de combustion - Google Patents

Système de commande pour une installation de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1219899B1
EP1219899B1 EP00128025A EP00128025A EP1219899B1 EP 1219899 B1 EP1219899 B1 EP 1219899B1 EP 00128025 A EP00128025 A EP 00128025A EP 00128025 A EP00128025 A EP 00128025A EP 1219899 B1 EP1219899 B1 EP 1219899B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
burner
air
fuel
fed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00128025A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1219899A1 (fr
Inventor
Yataka Nakanishi
Hiroyuki Onogawa
Tomohiko Takeuchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyotomi Kogyo Co Ltd
Toyotomi Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Toyotomi Kogyo Co Ltd
Toyotomi Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyotomi Kogyo Co Ltd, Toyotomi Co Ltd filed Critical Toyotomi Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority to DK00128025T priority Critical patent/DK1219899T3/da
Priority to DE60027582T priority patent/DE60027582T2/de
Priority to EP00128025A priority patent/EP1219899B1/fr
Publication of EP1219899A1 publication Critical patent/EP1219899A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1219899B1 publication Critical patent/EP1219899B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
    • F23N2221/08—Preheating the air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/04—Measuring pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/12—Measuring temperature room temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/13—Measuring temperature outdoor temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/21—Measuring temperature outlet temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/42—Ceramic glow ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/10—Ventilators forcing air through heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/30—Pumps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control system for combustion equipment, which particularly is adapted to use outdoor air as combustion air and discharge exhaust gas produced by a burner to the outdoors, comprising: a burner mounted in a frame arranged indoors, a fuel feed means for feeding said burner with fuel and adjusting of fuel fed to said burner, an intake passage for guiding combustion air from the outdoors to said burner therethrough, a combustion air feed fan arranged in said air intake passage so as to feed said burner with combustion air introduced to said intake passage from the outdoors and permit the amount of combustion air fed to said burner to be adjusted, an exhaust passage for guiding exhaust gas produced in said burner to the outdoors, a heat exchanger arranged at an intermediate portion of said exhaust passage to carry out heat exchange between heat of combustion gas produced in said burner and indoor air, a convection fan arranged so as to blow indoor against said heat exchanger, a control of combustion air / fuel balance varying the combustion air flow and including a combustion variation unit for outputting a feed rate variation command to each of said fuel feed means and combustion air feed fan in order to vary combustion
  • a known heater device similar to the above-mentioned combustion equipment is disclosed in PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017. no. 447 (M-1464), 17 August 1993 (1993-08-17) & JP 05 099429 A (MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORP), 20 April 1993 (1993-04-20).
  • this known heater device is comprised of a fed air temperatur sensing means for sensing a typical temperatur of combustion air and an air pressure sensing means for detecting the air pressure at the installing location.
  • a membership function concerning a combustion blower is constructed by each of outputs of these air feeding temperature sensing means and an air pressure sensing means, combustion air of which amount is corrected in reference to a lean air by fuzzy inference is fed into the combustion device by controlling the blower.
  • the rotational speed of the fan motor of this known heater device is significantly decreased when the temperature of the air is low and atmospheric pressure is high while the rotational speed of the fan motor is slightly decreased when the temperature of the air is low and atmospheric pressure is also low.
  • the rotational speed of the fan motor is significantly increased when the temperature of the air is high and atmospheric pressure is low while the rotational speed of the fan motor is slightly increased when the temperature of the air is high and atmosheric is also high.
  • a typical control system for combustion equipment which has been conventionally known in the art is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 302712/1993 and comprises a pot - type burner for combustion arranged in a frame, a fuel feed means for feeding fuel to the burner and a combustion air feed fan arranged in an intake passage for feeding the burner with combustion air introduced from outdoors.
  • the combustion equipment also includes a heat exchanger arranged in an intermediate portion of an exhaust passage which permits exhaust gas to be guided therethrough to be outdoors and constructed so as to carry out heat exchange between combustion gas produced in the burner and indoor air, and a convection fan for flowing indoor air against the heat exchanger.
  • a further conventional control system for combustion equipment which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 302712 / 1993, is so constructed that the amount of fuel fed from a fuel feed means and a rotational speed of a combustion air feed fan are varied depending on the amount of combustion.
  • an increase in combustion is attained by increasing a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan and a reduction in combustion is carried out by reducing the rotational speed.
  • combustion operation of the combustion equipment permits air fed to the burner to be readily heated to a temperature at a level of a temperature in a room in which the equipment is placed, resulting in density of the air during combustion operation of the combustion equipment being kept substantially constant, so that balance between the amount of combustion and the amount of oxygen required for keeping the combustion may maintained to permit the equipment to provide stable combustion.
  • control system for combustion equipment, feed of air to a burner by means of a combustion air feed fan is carried our while varying a rotational speed of a motor for driving the fan to control the amount of combustion air fed to the burner.
  • the fan driving motor has a revolving shaft mounted thereon with a rotational speed detecting sensor, to thereby control the fan driving motor so as to ensure that the motor may be constantly operated at a desired rotational speed. Nevertheless, such control system often fails to constantly ensure that oxygen in an amount actually required for combustion is fed to the burner.
  • the amount of combustion air fed to the burner by combustion air feed fan is set to be above a level which permits proper balance between a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan or the amount of combustion air fed to the burner and the amount of fuel fed thereto, to thereby prevent production of carbon monoxide (CO) gas due to deficiency of oxygen.
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • this essentially causes oversupply of oxygen to the burner.
  • Such oversupply is amplified in combustion operation of the combustion equipment under low-temperature conditions which cause air density varied depending on a temperature to be increased.
  • Oversupply or excess of oxygen causes a flame reduced in height to be formed during combustion operation of the combustion equipment, leading to malfunction of a safety unit which is arranged in the combustion equipment and has a flame sensor incorporated therein. Also, incomplete combustion in the burner due to deficiency of oxygen causes adhesion of carbon to the burner, leading to a deterioration in thermal efficiency. Further, even when the amount of air is set above a level required for the proper balance as described above, the combustion equipment, which it is operated on a highland of which the height above the sea level is highly increased, causes incomplete combustion due to deficiency of oxygen, because an oxygen concentration is reduced at such a highland.
  • an automatic firing means as part of a control system for a fuel combustion equipment of a heat generation plant known in the art is disclosed in EP 0 615 095 A1 (Landis & Gyr) 14 September 1994 (1994-09-14).
  • the automatic firing means is provided with a programme control programmed in a manner that at a required increase in heat at first the rotational speed of a drive for a blower is increased and then with time lag the rotational speed of a drive for a fuelpump of a burner is increased also.
  • the heater comprises an intake-air fan and a fuel-pump for feeding intake-air and fuel, respectively to a burning chamber of the heater. Further the heater comprises a sensing system for detecting the air pressure as well as the air temperature an a control device for controlling the fuel-pump and/or the intake-air fan for adapting to changes of the air density which are determined through the detcted air pressure and the detected air temperature. Thereby the amount of carbon dioxid in the exhaust gas of the heater is remained within a predetermined tolerance range.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the foregoing disadvantages of the prior art. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a control system for combustion equipment which is capable of ensuring that oxygen in a proper amount required for stable combustion is constantly fed to the combustion equipment, irrespective of outdoor air conditions.
  • the amount of oxygen required for combustion of fuel fed to the burner is substantially varied depending on outdoor air conditions.
  • a variation in density of air causes a variation in quantity of oxygen fed to the burner.
  • a variation in density of air is reversely proportional to a variation in temperature.
  • a decrease in temperarure causes an increase in oxygen concentration
  • an increase in temperature causes a reduction in oxygen concentration. This is true irrespective of a variation in atmospheric pressure.
  • the oxygen data means outputs oxygen data on the oxygen concentration or variation in oxygen concentration based on the detected temperature.
  • the combustion variation unit is configured so as to output the feed rate variation command for varying balance between the amount of fuel fed to the burner and the amount of combustion air fed thereto, to thereby permit combustion air to be fed in a proper amount to the burner on the basis of the oxygen data.
  • the combustion variation unit controls the fuel feed means and combustion air feed fan so that data on the amount of oxygen are obtained from data on a temperature of intake air, to thereby properly maintain balance between the amount of fuel to the burner and the amount of oxygen required for combustion in the burner.
  • the combustion variation unit will output a feed rate variation command which permits the amount of combustion air fed to the burner or a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan to be reduced when the oxygen data indicate an increase in oxygen concentration as compared with a standard oxygen concentration and to be increased when the oxygen data indicate a reduction in oxygen concentration as compared with the standard oxygen concentration.
  • the combustion variation unit will output a feed rate variation command which permits the amount of fuel fed to the burner to be increased when the oxygen data indicate a reduction in oxygen concentration as compared with the standard oxygen concentration.
  • Both the amount of combustion air fed to the burner and the amount of fuel fed thereto may be varied to vary balance between the amount of fuel and the amount of combustion air, to thereby ensure that oxygen is fed in a proper amount to the burner.
  • the combustion variation unit will vary the rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan and / or a fuel feed rate of the fuel feed means according to the control mode, to thereby ensure that oxygen is fed in a proper amount to the burner, depending on the oxygen data.
  • a variation in atmospheric pressure causes a variation in oxygen concentration in air.
  • the control system for combustion equipment may be provided with an atmospheric pressure sensor to detect an atmospheric pressure for outputting atmospheric pressure data corresponding to the atmospheric pressure detected and an oxygen data correction means may be arranged so as to correct the oxygen data outputted from the oxygen data output means by means of the atmospheric pressure data.
  • the oxygen data correction means may be constructed, when the atmospheric pressure is reduced to a level below a standard atmospheric pressure, so as to carry out correction of reducing an oxygen concentration in the oxygen data corresponding to a reduction in the atmospheric pressure.
  • the oxygen data correction means may be arranged in either the oxygen data output means or the combustion variation unit. This permits balance between a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan and a fuel feed rate of the fuel feed means to be varied for correction depending on the atmospheric pressure data outputted from the atmospheric pressure sensor. For example, when the combustion equipment is operated on a highland in which density of air is reduced, correction is made to increase a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan.
  • a variation in fuel feed rate of the fuel feed means in correspondence to a combustion air feed rate of the combustion air feed fan ensures stable combustion in the combustion equipment in view of both a variation in temperature of intake air and the height above the sea level of a place in which the combustion equipment is operated.
  • the burner incorporated in the control system for combustion equipment of the present invention may be constructed into any desired structure. However, it is preferably a pot-type burner.
  • the pot-type burner may include a bottom-closed pot including a side wall formed with a plurality of through-holes, an air channel arranged so as to define a space outside the pot which permits combustion air fed from the combustion air feed fan to be flowed therethrough, and a combustion member arranged in the pot.
  • Such construction of the pot - type burner when the amount of air flowing through the burner is increased, effectively prevents the increase from adversely affecting combustion in the burner, to thereby ensure stable combustion.
  • the intake passage and exhaust passage have sections constructed so as to provide a double-pipe structure in cooperation with each other, respectively, so that combustion air is heated by exhaust gas in the double-pipe structure.
  • the intake air temperature detection sensor may be arranged at a portion of the intake passage extending from the double-pipe structure to the burner.
  • An intake/exhaust type combustion equipment of the illustrated embodiment is basically constructed in substantially the same manner as the combustion equipment disclosed in each of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publications Nos. 302712/1993 and 128623/1996 described above.
  • the combustion equipment includes a frame 1, which has a burner 2 and a fuel pump constituting a fuel feed means 3 received therein.
  • the fuel pump acting as the fuel feed means 3 is constituted by an electromagnetic pump which permits a fuel feed rate to be varied depending on a feed rate variation control command.
  • the fuel feed means 3 is controlled by a feed rate variation control command inputted thereto from a combustion variation unit arranged in the frame 1 and constructed as described below, to thereby control the amount of fuel fed to the burner 2.
  • the intake/exhaust type combustion equipment of the illustrated embodiment also includes an oil leveler 5 which is arranged below the fuel feed means 3 and fed with fuel (kerosine) from an fuel tank (not shown).
  • the oil leveler 5 functions to keep a level of oil therein constant. Fuel in the oil leveler 5 is pumped up by the fuel pump or fuel feed means 3 and then forcibly fed through a nozzle 7 into the burner 2.
  • the pot-type burner 2 includes a pot 9 which is formed into a configuration like a bottom-closed cylinder and in which fuel fed to the burner 2 is subjected to combustion.
  • the pot 9 includes a side wall formed with a plurality of through-holes or air holes.
  • the pot 9 is surrounded with a cylindrical member with an air channel 11 being defined therebetween.
  • the pot 9 is provided therein with a combustion member 13 and a ceramic heater 15 for pre-heating of the pot 9 and ignition of fuel therein.
  • the burner 2 is configured so as to permit fuel and combustion air to be fed to the pot 9, resulting in vaporization of the fuel and combustion thereof being concurrently carried out therein. Combustion air is fed via the through-holes of the side wall of the pot 9 into the pot 9.
  • Such construction of the burner 2 ensures that even when a part of air passes through the pot 9 without contributing to combustion therein, the pot carries out stable combustion unless the part is excessively increased in quantity.
  • the air channel 11 is fed with outdoor air through a duct 17 by means of a combustion air feed fan 16 constituted by a cirrocco fan.
  • the combustion air fed into the air channel 11 is then fed through the plural through-holes or air holes of the side wall of the pot 9 into the pot 9. Then, ignition takes place in the pot by means of the ceramic heater 15 being red-heated, resulting in combustion starting in the pot.
  • the intake/exhaust type combustion equipment of the illustrated embodiment includes a convection fan 23 arranged behind the combustion chamber 19.
  • the convection fan 23 functions to forcibly feed air in a room in which the combustion equipment is placed into the frame 1 in which the burner 2, combustion chamber 19 and heat exchanger 21 are arranged.
  • the heat exchanger 21 functions to carry out heat exchange between combustion gas and air in the room. Air in the room thus heated by the heat exchanger 21 is blown as hot air from a hot air outlet 24 provided on a front side of the frame 1 into the room.
  • Combustion gas subjected to heat exchange in the heat exchanger 21 and then discharged from the heat exchanger 21 is exhausted in the form of exhaust gas through an exhaust pipe 25 and an exhaust outlet 26 to an exterior of the frame 1.
  • the exhaust outlet 26 is constituted by a short pipe arranged on a rear side of the frame 1.
  • the exhaust outlet 26 is connected to one end of an additional exhaust pipe 27 for discharging the exhaust gas to the outdoors therethrough.
  • the combustion air feed fan 16 constituted by the cirrocco fan includes an impeller 16a and an air duct 16b, which are arranged outside a rear plate 1a of the frame 1.
  • the frame 1 is formed with a communication hole in a manner to communicate with an outlet of the air duct 16b and the duct 17 is connected at one end thereof to the communication hole.
  • the air duct 16b is provided at a central portion thereof with an air intake port 29, which is constituted by a short pipe.
  • the air intake port 29 has one end of an air intake pipe 31 connected thereto.
  • the other end of the air intake pipe 31 and that of the exhaust pipe 27 are constructed into a double-pipe structure 33 wherein the air intake pipe 31 is arranged outside the exhaust pipe 27.
  • the double-pipe structure 33 thus constructed is then led out to the outdoors through an outer wall of a building.
  • the double-pipe structure 33 has an intake/exhaust top 35 connected to a distal end thereof.
  • the intake/exhaust top 35 is configured so as to permit both intake of air and exhaust of exhaust gas to be carried out therethrough.
  • Such a double-pipe structure and intake/exhaust top are described in detail in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 128623/1996 as described above.
  • the frame has a partition plate 37 arranged therein so as to define a partitioned or closed space above the heat exchanger 25.
  • a combustion control unit 39 Above the partition plate 37 is arranged a combustion control unit 39.
  • the combustion control unit 39 includes a burner controller 47 (Fig. 2).
  • the burner controller 47 is fed with an operation signal from each of an operation means 41 constituted by an operation start switch and a room temperature setting means 43 constituted by a temperature setting switch which are arranged on a top plate of the frame 1.
  • the burner controller 47 is fed with a room temperature detection signal from a room temperature sensor 45 mounted on the rear plate 1a of the frame 1 so as to detect a temperature in the room.
  • the burner controller 47 is fed with an operation signal from the operation means 41, to thereby output a command signal to each of an ignition control unit 49, a convection fan drive unit 51 and a combustion variation unit 53 according to a predetermined control mode.
  • the combustion variation unit 53 includes an oxygen data correction means 53a, a rotational speed variation means 53b and a fuel feed rate variation means 53c, which will be described in detail hereinafter.
  • the combustion variation unit 53 is fed with a command signal from the burner controller 47, an output of the oxygen data output means 59 for converting an output of an intake air temperature detection sensor 55 (Figs. 1 and 2) into oxygen data, and an output of an atmospheric pressure sensor 57 (Figs. 1 and 2) arranged in the frame 1 so as to measure an atmospheric pressure to output a signal depending on the atmospheric pressure measured.
  • the intake air temperature detection sensor 55 is arranged in proximity to the outlet of the combustion air feed fan 16 to measure a temperature of combustion air fed to the burner 2.
  • the atmospheric pressure sensor 57 is mounted on a controller board 40 which is arranged at a suitable position of the frame 1 and on which a body of the burner controller 47, a variety of peripheral control mechanisms and the like are mounted.
  • the atmospheric pressure sensor 57 functions to measure or detect the height above the sea level of a site in which the intake/exhaust type combustion equipment is operated.
  • the oxygen data output means outputs 59 oxygen data corresponding to an oxygen concentration in combustion air on the basis of a temperature detected by the intake air temperature detection sensor 55.
  • the oxygen data may be outputted in the form of a numerical value. They may be outputted in such a manner that a quantity or concentration of oxygen contained in air of a fixed volume is displayed as a concrete numerical value.
  • the illustrated embodiment is not limited to such a manner.
  • the oxygen data may be outputted in the form of a deviation or an exponent obtained by comparison with either the amount of oxygen required for normal operation of the combustion equipment or a standard oxygen concentration.
  • the oxygen data may be outputted in the form of any specific numerical value suitable for the combustion variation unit 53 to vary a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 or a fuel flow rate of the fuel feed means 3.
  • the oxygen data output means may be constructed in any desired manner so long as it is adapted to satisfactorily output a signal corresponding to the oxygen concentration.
  • the oxygen data output means 59 may be constructed so as to have data indicating relationship between an oxygen concentration and a temperature previously measured stored therein, to thereby judge or determine an oxygen concentration corresponding to a temperature of combustion air based on the data, resulting in outputting a signal proportional to the oxygen concentration.
  • it may be constructed so as to output oxygen data on an oxygen concentration as a variation with respect to a reference level or standard concentration which is an oxygen concentration at a standard temperature.
  • the atmospheric pressure sensor 57 may be constituted by a suitable sensor commercially available. The atmospheric pressure sensor 57 is adapted to output an electric signal depending on an atmospheric pressure measured. An output of the atmospheric pressure sensor 57 is fed to the oxygen data correction means 53a provided in the combustion variation unit 53.
  • the oxygen data correction means 53a may be configured to function as a component for the oxygen data output means 59. In this instance, the output of the atmospheric pressure sensor 57 is fed to the oxygen data output means 59.
  • the oxygen data correction means 53a when an atmospheric pressure is reduced to a level below a standard pressure, is configured so as to carry out correction of reducing an oxygen concentration contained in the oxygen data depending on the reduction in atmospheric pressure. The correction is not carried out when the atmospheric pressure is equal to the standard pressure. When the atmospheric pressure is reduced to a level below the standard pressure, the correction is carried out in a manner to multiply the oxygen data by a factor below one (1) depending on a degree of the reduction. Thus, it will be noted that the correction can be readily attained.
  • the combustion variation unit 53 is configured to output, on the basis of the oxygen data, a feed rate variation command to the fuel feed means 3 constituted by the drive unit-equipped combustion air feed fan 16 and electromagnetic pump.
  • the feed rate variation command is adapted to vary balance between the amount of fuel fed to the burner 2 and the amount of combustion air fed thereto so as to prevent excess or deficiency of oxygen fed to the burner 2 or ensure that oxygen is fed in a proper amount to the burner 2.
  • the feed rate variation command is outputted from each of the rotational speed variation means 53b and fuel flow rate variation means 53c.
  • the combustion variation unit 53 may control the fuel feed means 3 and combustion air feed fan 16 so as to constantly ensure proper balance between the amount of fuel fed to the burner 2 and the amount of oxygen fed thereto.
  • the burner controller 47 is configured so as to receive an operation start signal from the operation means 41 and a signal indicating a set temperature from the room temperature setting means 43, to thereby feed an operation command to each of the ignition control unit 49, convection fan control unit 51 and combustion variation unit 53. This results in the ignition control unit 49 first heating the ignition means 15, to thereby increase a temperature in the pot 9 to a level which permits fuel to be ignited in the pot 9. Then, the fuel feed means 3 feeds fuel to the pot 9 and the combustion air feed fan 16 feeds combustion air to the pot 9 from the outdoors. This permits the fuel to be ignited in the pot, so that combustion is started in the pot 9.
  • the burner controller 47 Upon start of the combustion, operation of the convection fan 23 is started, resulting in heated air in a room in which the intake/exhaust type combustion equipment is placed being fed to the heat exchanger 21.
  • the burner controller 47 outputs a necessary command according to a predetermined control mode including an operation start mode defined between ignition and stable combustion and a temperature control mode required for permitting a temperature in the room to reach the set temperature.
  • a predetermined control mode including an operation start mode defined between ignition and stable combustion and a temperature control mode required for permitting a temperature in the room to reach the set temperature.
  • proper-balance between the amount of combustion air fed to the pot 9 by means of the combustion air feed fan 16 or a rotational speed of the fan-16 and the amount of fuel fed to the pot 9 from the fuel feed means 3 is previously determined and various commands are outputted so as to keep the balance.
  • the combustion variation unit 53 is operated when a control command is fed thereto from the burner controller 47.
  • the oxygen concentration indicated by the oxygen data which are fed from the oxygen data output means 59 through the oxygen data correction means 53a to the combustion variation unit 53 is equal to the standard concentration or within a predetermined range about the standard concentration
  • the rotational speed variation means 53b and fuel flow rate variation means 53c of the combustion variation unit 53 output necessary variation commands to the combustion air feed fan 16 and fuel feed means 3 depending on the command from the burner controller 47, respectively.
  • the combustion variation unit 53 When the combustion variation unit 53 responds to the command from the burner controller 47 without taking any step in the case that the oxygen concentration indicated by the oxygen data is varied and more particularly increased or reduced due to a reduction in outdoor temperature, the intake/exhaust type combustion equipment fails to ensure that oxygen is fed in a proper amount to the burner 2.
  • the rotational speed variation means 53b and fuel flow rate variation means 53c of the combustion variation unit 53 output a feed rate variation command for varying the balance between the amount of fuel fed to the burner 2 and the amount of combustion air fed thereto to each of the combustion air feed fan 16 and fuel feed means 3, to thereby ensure that oxygen is fed in a proper amount to the burner 2 or prevent excess or deficiency of oxygen fed to the burner.
  • the feed rate variation command may be obtained by varying the command from the burner controller 47.
  • a variation in balance between the amount of fuel fed to the burner and the amount of combustion air fed thereto may be carried out in any desired manner so long as it attains the above-described function.
  • the rotational speed variation means 53b When the oxygen data indicate that the oxygen concentration is increased to a level above the standard concentration, the rotational speed variation means 53b outputs a feed rate variation command to the combustion air feed fan 16 in order to reduce the amount of combustion air fed to the burner (or reduce a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16) depending on a difference between the oxygen concentration and the standard concentration.
  • the rotational speed variation means 53b outputs a feed rate variation command to the combustion air feed fan 16 so as to increase the amount of combustion air fed to the burner 2 (or increase a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16) depending on a difference in concentration.
  • a degree of reduction or increase in combustion air may be previously determined by an experiment. For example, it may be carried out by multiplication by a factor.
  • the fuel flow variation means 53c When the amount of combustion air fed to the burner 2 or a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 is not varied in the case that the oxygen concentration is different from the standard concentration, the following procedure may be taken. First, when the oxygen data indicate that the oxygen concentration is above the standard concentration, the fuel flow variation means 53c outputs a feed rate variation command to the fuel feed means 3 so as to increase the amount of fuel fed to the burner depending on a difference between the oxygen concentration and the standard concentration. Whereas, when the oxygen data indicate that the oxygen concentration is below the standard concentration, the fuel flow rate variation means 53c outputs a feed rate variation command to the fuel feed means 3 so as to reduce the amount of fuel fed to the burner depending on a difference between the oxygen concentration and the standard concentration. A degree of reduction or increase in fuel quantity fed to the burner may be previously determined by an experiment. It may be carried out by multiplication by a factor.
  • balance between the amount of fuel fed to the burner 2 and the amount of combustion air fed thereto may be varied so as to ensure that oxygen is fed in a proper amount to the burner by varying both the amount of combustion fed to the burner 2 and the amount of fuel fed thereto.
  • a degree of increase or reduction in rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 and that in fuel quantity may be previously determined by an experiment.
  • the balance may be readily varied by advancing or delaying a time that the variation in rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 and/or the fuel feed rate of the fuel feed means 3.
  • the oxygen data indicate that the oxygen concentration is above the standard level or concentration when the control mode is at a step of increasing the amount of combustion of fuel, it may be carried out to delay a time that the in rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 is varied.
  • a time may be advanced that the rotational speed of the fan 16 is varied.
  • the oxygen data correction means 53a corrects an output of the oxygen data output means 59 depending on an output of the atmospheric pressure sensor 57.
  • the oxygen data correction means 53a when an atmospheric pressure is decreased to a level below a standard atmospheric pressure, carries out correction which permits the oxygen concentration in the oxygen data to be reduced depending on the reduction in atmospheric pressure. This results in balance between a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 and a fuel feed rate of the fuel feed means 3 being varied by correction depending on atmospheric pressure data outputted from the atmospheric pressure sensor 57.
  • the correction may be carried out, for example, in a manner to increase a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 or reduce the amount of fuel fed to the burner 2, to thereby maintain balance between the amount of fuel fed to the burner 2 and the amount of combustion fed thereto.
  • the combustion variation unit 53 carries out operation of advancing and/or delaying a time that a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 with respect to the amount of fuel fed to the burner 2 is varied through the fuel feed means 3.
  • the combustion variation unit 53 advances or delays a time that a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 corresponding to the amount of fuel fed to the burner or the fuel feed rate is varied.
  • the combustion variation unit 53 delays a time that a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 is varied as compared with a normal at which the fuel feed means 3 changes over the fuel feed rate. This permits the combustion air feed rate to be increased by changing-over after the fuel feed rate is increased to a level above a normal level. Such a highland causes a reduction in oxygen concentration in the atmosphere.
  • the combustion variation unit 53 advances a time for timing of reducing the amount of fuel fed to the burner 2 by the fuel feed means 3, as compared with that in operation of the combustion equipment on a flat land. Further, the tim may be varied so as to increase a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 when the fuel feed rate is reduced.
  • the intake air temperature detection sensor 55 may be arranged at any desired location, so long as it permits measurement or detection of a temperature of air introduced into the intake/exhaust type combustion equipment from the outdoors. For example, it may be located at any desired position in the air intake passage. However, when the intake/exhaust top 35 is constructed into the double-pipe structure 33 as in the illustrated embodiment or the air intake passages as indicated at 17 and 31 and exhaust passage as indicted at 25 are increased in length, temperature data detected may be often varied to a degree depending on a position at which the intake air temperature detection sensor 55 is arranged.
  • the intake air temperature detection sensor 55 When the intake air temperature detection sensor 55 is positioned in the air intake passage extending between the air intake port 29 of the frame 1 and the burner 2 as in the illustrated embodiment, it may detect a temperature of combustion air increased by heating due to heat exchange at the double-pipe structure 33. This permits detection or measurement of an actual temperature of combustion air fed to the burner 2 through the combustion air feed fan 16. This results in the burner 2 attaining stable combustion as compared with direct measurement of a temperature of outdoor air. Arrangement of the intake air temperature detection sensor 55 in proximity to the outlet of the combustion air feed fan 16 facilitates mounting of the sensor and replacement thereof.
  • the intake air temperature detection sensor 55 is constituted by a thermistor device.
  • a thermistor device In order to operate a thermistor device, it is required to flow a bias current in a small amount through the thermistor device, to thereby permit it to generate heat by itself.
  • the thermistor device tends to output temperature data somewhat higher than actual air temperature data due to the self-heat generation.
  • arrangement_of the thermistor device in air blown out of the combustion air feed fan 16 as in the illustrated embodiment permits the thermistor to discharge heat to the air being flowed, so that the thermistor may output rather low temperature data. This permits temperature correction under such installation conditions to be carried out to a degree.
  • the amount of heat discharged from the thermistor device can be highly accurately anticipated or estimated from a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 in a normal operation state.
  • the estimated heat dissipation permits correction of a temperature detected by the intake air temperature detection sensor 55, resulting in temperature data under standard installation conditions being gained.
  • the amount of oxygen fed to the burner is reduced when a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 is kept at a level of the rotational speed set under the normal installation conditions, resulting in abnormal combustion possibly occurring in the burner.
  • a flow rate of air is reduced by flow resistance in the pipes 27 and 31
  • self-heat generation of the thermistor device is increased as compared with the case that heat is discharged from the thermistor to air flowed in the pipes, so that a temperature detected by the intake air temperature detection sensor 55 is considerably high as compared with the actual temperature.
  • Such an increase in temperature detected means a reduction in oxygen quantity or concentration in combustion air.
  • the combustion variation unit 53 carries out operation of increasing a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 or reducing a fuel feed rate of the fuel feed means 3. This results in incomplete combustion by oxygen deficiency due to an increase flow resistance owing to an increase in length of the exhaust pipe 27 and/or intake pipe 31 being automatically or necessarily avoided.
  • the components of the control unit shown in Fig. 2 each may be realized by means of a microcomputer.
  • the burner controller 47, combustion variation unit 53 and oxygen data output means 59 each may be constituted using a microcomputer.
  • the burner 2 is constructed in the form of a pot-type burner.
  • the burner 2 ensures stable combustion even when the amount of air passing through the pot per unit time is somewhat varied.
  • an inexpensive AC motor which is constructed so as to be able to change the rotational of the motor by using taps provided at the motor coil , to thereby vary a combustion air feed rate depending on selection of the taps may be used as a motor for the combustion air feed fan 16.
  • the combustion air feed fan 16 may be constructed so as to stepwise vary the combustion air feed rate, to thereby accommodate to linear variation in fuel quantity fed to the burner 2.
  • a variety of burners may be used for such intake/exhaust type combustion equipment.
  • a Bunsen burner which is constructed so as to gasify liquid fuel by heating to burn the gasified fuel is used for this purpose.
  • Such a burner is adapted to previously mix gas fuel with a predetermined amount of air to prepare mixed gas and ignite the mixed gas while ejecting the gas from a flame hole.
  • use of such a burner for the intake/exhaust type combustion equipment of the present invention is highly effective for stable combustion.
  • the Bunsen burner readily causes incomplete combustion when a mixing ratio between fuel and combustion air required for preparation of mixed gas is out of a proper range.
  • oxygen quantity data inputted to the combustion variation unit 53 are preferably linear oxygen quantity data prepared on the basis of temperature data of the intake air temperature detection sensor 55 and outputted from the oxygen data output means 59.
  • the combustion equipment is desirably constructed so as to permit a rotational speed of the combustion air feed fan 16 and the amount of fuel fed from the fuel feed means 3 to be smoothly varied.
  • the above-described construction of the illustrated embodiment permits oxygen in an amount required for stable combustion of fuel fed to the burner to be positively fed to the burner even when outdoor air is highly reduced in temperature, to thereby prevent generation of incomplete combustion depending on conditions of outdoor air as encountered in the prior art.
  • combustion is substantially affected by not only a variation in temperature of air fed to the burner 2 but the height above the sea level of a location at which the combustion equipment is operated.
  • a combustion equipment adapted to be operated on a flatland is operated on a highland 1000 meters above the sea level, the combustion equipment often fails to provide stable combustion.
  • an output of the oxygen data output means 53a is corrected by means of pressure data outputted from the atmospheric pressure sensor 57.
  • Such construction permits the combustion equipment to automatically correspond to operation thereof on a highland wherein an oxygen concentration is reduced, so that it may constantly ensure stable combustion.
  • arrangement of the intake air temperature detection sensor 55 in the flow passage extending between the air intake port 29 and the burner 2 permits detection of a temperature of combustion air fed by the combustion air feed fan 16. This results in the combustion equipment exhibiting stable combustion; even when the intake/exhaust top 35 constructed into the double-pipe structure 33 increased in length is arranged, the exhaust pipe 27 and intake pipe 31 are increased in length, or a temperature in a room in which the combustion equipment is placed is varied to a degree sufficient to affect a temperature of combustion air.
  • the combustion variation unit 53 is constructed so as to operate the combustion air feed fan 16 and fuel feed means 3 together, to thereby ensure satisfactory balance between the fuel feed rate and the combustion air feed rate. Also, when the combustion variation unit 53 includes the rotational speed variation means 53b and fuel flow rate variation means 53c as described above, so that the combustion air feed fan 16 and fuel feed means 3 may be individually controlled, the rotational speed variation means 53b and fuel flow rate variation means 53c may be controlled by oxygen quantity data outputted from the oxygen data output means 59 and an output of the burner controller 4, respectively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Système de commande pour une installation de combustion comprenant :
    un brûleur (2) monté dans un châssis (1) disposé à l'intérieur,
    un moyen d'alimentation en combustible (3) pour alimenter ledit brûleur (2) en combustible et pour régler la quantité de combustible fournie audit brûleur (2),
    un passage d'entrée (11, 17, 31, 33) pour guider l'air de combustion depuis l'extérieur jusqu'audit brûleur (2) à travers celui-ci,
    un ventilateur d'air de combustion (16) disposé dans ledit passage d'entrée d'air (11, 17, 31, 33) afin d'alimenter ledit brûleur (2) en air de combustion introduit depuis l'extérieur dans ledit passage d'entrée (11, 17, 31, 33) et de permettre le réglage de la quantité d'air de combustion fourni audit brûleur (2),
    un passage de sortie (19, 21, 25, 27) pour guider les gaz d'échappement produits par ledit brûleur (2) jusqu'à l'extérieur,
    un échangeur de chaleur (21) disposé dans une section intermédiaire dudit passage de sortie (19, 21, 25, 27) afin de réaliser l'échange de chaleur entre la chaleur des gaz de combustion produits dans ledit brûleur (2) et l'air intérieur,
    un ventilateur de convection (23) disposé de sorte à souffler l'air intérieur contre ledit échangeur de chaleur (21),
    un contrôle de l'équilibre air de combustion /combustible faisant varier le débit d'air de combustion, comprenant une unité de variation de la combustion (53) qui émet une instruction de variation de vitesse vers à la fois ledit moyen d'alimentation en combustible (3) et le ventilateur d'air decombustion (16) afin de faire varier la combustion dans ledit brûleur (2) selon un mode de contrôle prédéterminé,
    un capteur de détection de la température de l'air d'entrée (55) détectant une température de l'air de combustion fourni, audit brûleur, et
    un moyen de fourniture d'une donnée sur l'oxygène (59) fournissant la donnée sur l'oxygène correspondant à une concentration en oxygène dans l'air de combustion en fonction de la température détectée par ledit capteur de détection de la température de l'air d'entrée (55), qui est disposé de sorte à détecter la température de l'air de combustion fourni audit brûleur (2) par ledit ventilateur d'air de combustion (16),
    ladite unité de variation de la combustion (53) étant conçue de sorte à faire varier la vitesse de rotation dudit ventilateur d'air de combustion (16) et/ou la vitesse dudit moyen d'alimentation en combustible (3), afin de garantir que l'oxygène soit fourni dans la quantité appropriée audit brûleur (2), en fonction desdites données sur l'oxygène, lorsque ledit mode de contrôle provoque une variation de la combustion sur la base de la relation d'équilibre appropriée entre la quantité de combustible fournie audit brûleur (2) et la quantité d'air de combustion fournie à celui-ci en fonction de la combustion,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - ladite unité de variation de la combustion (53) a mémorisé au préalable la relation d'équilibre appropriée entre la quantité de combustible fournie audit brûleur (2) et la quantité d'air de combustion fournie audit brûleur (2) en fonction de la combustion, et en ce qu'elle est conçue de sorte à émettre ladite instruction de variation de vitesse vers ledit moyen d'alimentation en combustible (3) et vers ledit ventilateur d'air de combustion (16), afin que ladite relation d'équilibre soit maintenue en fonction d'une variation de la combustion lorsque la combustion varie en fonction dudit mode de contrôle,
    - ladite unité de variation de la combustion (53) est également conçue de sorte à modifier la vitesse de rotation dudit ventilateur d'air de combustion (16) après l'augmentation dudit débit de combustible afin d'obtenir ladite relation d'équilibre appropriée en fonction dudit mode de contrôle lorsque ladite donnée sur l'oxygène indique que ladite concentration en oxygène est supérieure à une concentration standard dans le cas où ledit mode de contrôle est en train d'augmenter la combustion, et
    - ladite unité de variation de la combustion (53) est également conçue de sorte à modifier la vitesse de rotation dudit ventilateur d'air de combustion (16) avant la réduction dudit débit de combustible afin d'obtenir ladite relation d'équilibre appropriée en fonction dudit mode de contrôle lorsque ladite donnée sur l'oxygène indique que ladite concentration en oxygène est supérieure à une concentration standard dans le cas où ledit mode de contrôle est en train de réduire la combustion.
  2. Système de commande pour une installation de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite unité de variation de la combustion (53) émet ladite instruction de variation de vitesse de sorte à réduire la quantité d'air de combustion fournie audit brûleur (2) lorsque ladite donnée sur l'oxygène indique une augmentation de la concentration en oxygène, et à augmenter la quantité d'air de combustion fourni à celui-ci lorsque ladite donnée sur l'oxygène indique une diminution de la concentration en oxygène.
  3. Système de commande pour une installation de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite unité de variation de la combustion (53) émet ladite instruction de variation de vitesse de sorte à augmenter la quantité de combustible fourni audit brûleur (2) lorsque ladite donnée sur l'oxygène indique une augmentation de la concentration en oxygène et à réduire la quantité de combustible fourni à celui-ci lorsque ladite donnée sur l'oxygène indique une diminution de la concentration en oxygène.
  4. Système de commande pour une installation de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un capteur de pression atmosphérique (57) est mis en oeuvre afin de détecter une pression atmosphérique et de fournir une donnée sur la pression atmosphérique correspondant à la pression atmosphérique détectée ; et en ce qu'un moyen de correction de la donnée sur l'oxygène (53a) est fourni pour corriger ladite donnée sur l'oxygène fournie par ledit moyen de fourniture d'une donnée sur l'oxygène (59) par le biais de ladite donnée sur la pression atmosphérique.
  5. Système de commande pour une installation de combustion selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen de correction de la donnée sur l'oxygène (53a), lorsque ladite pression atmosphérique baisse à un niveau inférieur à une pression atmosphérique standard, effectue une correction de réduction d'une concentration d'oxygène dans ladite donnée sur l'oxygène correspondant à une réduction de ladite pression atmosphérique.
  6. Système de commande pour une installation de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit passage d'entrée (11, 17, 31, 33) et ledit passage de sortie (19, 21, 25, 27) ont des sections conçues de sorte à constituer une structure à deux tuyaux (33) coopérant respectivement l'un avec l'autre, et en ce que ledit capteur de température d'air d'entrée (55) est disposé sur une partie dudit passage d'entrée d'air (11, 17, 31, 33) s'étendant de ladite structure à deux tuyaux (33) audit brûleur (2).
  7. Système de commande pour une installation de combustion selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit capteur de température d'air d'entrée (55) est constitué par un dispositif thermistor et est disposé à proximité d'une sortie dudit ventilateur d'air de combustion (16).
  8. Système de commande pour une installation de combustion selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ledit ventilateur d'air de combustion (16) est disposé à l'extérieur dudit châssis (1).
  9. Système de commande pour une installation de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit brûleur (2) est un brûleur à vaporisation.
  10. Système de commande pour une installation de combustion selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que ledit brûleur à vaporisation (2) comporte un pot (9) à fond fermé comprenant une paroi latérale réalisée avec une pluralité de trous de passage, un canal d'air (11) disposé de sorte à définir un espace à l'extérieur dudit pot (9), qui permet à l'air de combustion fourni par ledit ventilateur d'air de combustion (16) de s'écouler à travers celui-ci, et un élément de combustion (13) disposé dans ledit pot (9).
  11. Système de commande pour une installation de combustion selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que ledit ventilateur d'air de combustion (16) est actionné par un moteur d'entraînement de ventilateur ; et en ce que
    ledit moteur d'entraînement de ventilateur est constitué par un moteur à courant alternatif conçu de sorte à permettre une variation pas à pas de sa vitesse de rotation.
EP00128025A 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Système de commande pour une installation de combustion Expired - Lifetime EP1219899B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK00128025T DK1219899T3 (da) 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Styringssystem til forbrændingsanlæg
DE60027582T DE60027582T2 (de) 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Steuersystem für eine Verbrennugsanlage
EP00128025A EP1219899B1 (fr) 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Système de commande pour une installation de combustion

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EP00128025A EP1219899B1 (fr) 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Système de commande pour une installation de combustion

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EP1219899B1 true EP1219899B1 (fr) 2006-04-26

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NL1031520C2 (nl) * 2006-04-05 2007-10-08 Eco Heating Systems B V Verwarmingsinrichting.
IT1398456B1 (it) 2010-02-23 2013-02-22 Salvatico Apparato di combustione a pellet e/o a biomasse.
JP5443264B2 (ja) * 2010-05-25 2014-03-19 リンナイ株式会社 温風暖房機

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JPS63318417A (ja) * 1987-06-19 1988-12-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 強制給排気式暖房機の制御装置
JPH0599429A (ja) * 1991-10-04 1993-04-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 暖房装置
JPH05302712A (ja) 1992-04-28 1993-11-16 Toyotomi Co Ltd 排気式燃焼器の排気温度上昇方法
DE59306401D1 (de) * 1993-03-11 1997-06-12 Landis & Gyr Tech Innovat Brennerregler
JPH08128623A (ja) 1994-10-31 1996-05-21 Toyotomi Co Ltd 吸排気式燃焼器の吸排気トップ
DE19906285C2 (de) * 1999-02-15 2001-09-27 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Mit Brennstoff betriebenes Heizgerät für Kraftfahrzeuge

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DE60027582D1 (de) 2006-06-01
EP1219899A1 (fr) 2002-07-03
DK1219899T3 (da) 2006-08-28

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