EP1218613B1 - Device for shutting or unblocking an opening - Google Patents

Abstract

The inventive device for shutting and unblocking an opening (1) is comprised of several sliding elements (4) which are evenly mounted on the inside of a frame (2) and by means of which a sash (3) which is a window sash, for example, is held and can be displaced in a parallel manner. At least one opening device (12) is provided which is, if possible, electrically operated, which can be controlled remotely, is comprised of a drive housing (13) that is mounted in the frame (2), and which moves at least one pin (16) that is displaced by a connecting rod (15) and arranged in a guide groove (17) of a fitting (18) mounted on the sash (3). Said opening device displaces the sash (3) in a manner that is parallel to the frame (2). As a result, a window sash, for example, can be opened in a defined manner, and a room can be ventilated as needed. When the window is closed, no fittings are visible, that is to say that the sliding elements (4) and the at least one opening device (12) are completely covered by the frame (2) and by the window sash or by the sash (3), thus improving the security against burglary as well as the aesthetic effect.

Description

The invention relates to a device for closing or releasing an opening according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

In modern home technology ever higher demands are placed on facilities for closing or releasing openings, especially in ventilation flaps, doors and windows, for example, to influence the room climate energetically and / or climatically favorable to simplify maintenance and maintenance and / or the Burglary protection and security increase. Since large buildings such as offices or hospitals - but also increasingly in single-family homes - the opening and closing is automated, it was looking for a simple device that allows defined by the electronic control for the desired indoor climate opening requires little maintenance, and a better Burglary protection and more security than known systems offers.

Most of the known solutions of opening and releasing means relate to windows and their fittings. The patents DE 17 08 252 and FR 2 361 521 describe complex, mechanical fittings or optionally releasably coupled hinges that allow multiple variants for opening the window. In this case, a window sash is opened in a known manner via a fixed edge to the left or right, up or down. As mechanical solutions, these can no longer meet today's requirements, so that electrically operated devices for locking fittings have been developed, as for example from the published patent applications DE 2421 383 . WO 94/15053 and DE 4108 381 are known. Except for the election a preferred left or right opening or tilt position, none of these windows can be opened sufficiently variable to achieve a desired indoor climate or a defined ventilation. In addition, if the unfolded window sash is not fixed, a gust of wind can unintentionally completely open or strike. A motorized tilt opening device for windows or doors, as described in the patent DE 196 48 147 is shown, allows a defined, controllable opening the window sash to a desired position or an opening angle between a frame and a window or door leaf. Since the frame and the flaps or wings usually overlap, appropriate fittings for the opening, opening or tilting of the window or door must be arranged in the region of the fixed axis of rotation respectively in the outer edge region. These visible devices are not only aesthetically disturbing, but also detrimental to burglary protection, since the fittings or at least parts thereof are accessible from the outside even with closed openings. Particularly dangerous for children's hands and cats have opened up tilt windows and doors, as they can pinch in the downwardly tapering opening angle.

A window, a door or the like with electromotive parking, as in the generic. Offenlegungsschrift DE 196 03 769 and in a continued form in WO 97/28339 is described, can solve the above problems partially by an opening is closed or released by a plane-parallel displacement. The advantages of such a parallel adjustment of the flap or of the window or door leaf are a definable room ventilation, no dangerous, tapered tilt angle and better protected or even completely burglar-proof covered hardware at closed flap. Since you want to open the window and door to one side in particular for purposes other than just to ventilate the room, special fittings and at least one additional drive are provided in the example mentioned, which allow a corresponding release of the wing from the frame. Consequently, according to this design, at least 6 drive modules are necessary, which is an expensive, technologically complex and maintenance-unfriendly solution.

The object of the invention is to provide a device for closing or releasing an opening (for example, flaps, windows or doors), which an electronically controllable, plane-parallel parking a flap, such as a window or door leaf of a frame, and a one-sided Unfold allows without additional drives or fittings for unilateral release of the flap from the frame are required.

The problem is solved with the aid of the inventive features of claim 1. Advantageous Meiterbildungen the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The inventive device for closing or releasing an opening, which is formed by a frame and a flap, for example a window or door, consists of several, preferably regularly and in the region of the corners between the frame and the flap arranged sliding elements and at least one , preferably two opening devices. The usually square or rectangular flap has at the four corners, that is above and below on the left and right lateral surface each a fitting with one each upwards or downwards, the fitting, but not the upper or lower edge of the flap projecting support bolts. Since usually the flap has a two or more stepped lateral surface, so that a part of the flap can penetrate into the opening of the frame and a part projects beyond the opening and rests on the frame, the fittings are advantageously at the corners of the inner circumferential surface mounted, wherein the support bolts do not project beyond the outer surface of the flap. If this gradation of the flap does not exist, the fittings must be sunk accordingly in the lateral surface, for example, in conventional hollow profiles made of plastic or aluminum, or incorporated, such as solid wood profiles. The support bolts are held by the sliding elements, which for example consist of a carriage, which is mounted in a detachably connected to the lateral surface of the opening rail, slidably mounted. Especially since the opening in the frame is usually stepped two or more times, the rails are preferably arranged on the outermost and largest, ie in practice turned towards the flap lateral surface, otherwise the rails are sunk analogous to the fittings in the lateral surface. Thus, with closed opening neither the fittings nor the sliding elements are visible. The flap can be placed as desired planparallel from the frame, the distance of this Abstellens is determined by a suitable choice of the rail and the carriage, analogous to a telescopic drawer slide.

Thus, the flap can be opened to the left or right, is formed on the corresponding side of the axis of rotation of the flap of the upper and lower bearing pins as an axis and rotatably mounted in a bore of the carriage. To open or unfold the opposite side, for example, and preferably have the upper and lower support bolts a blunt tip, which engages in a much less deep, trough-like bore in the carriage, so that with a defined force this bearing bolts can be out of their seat in the carriage or sliding and off engaged.
For the plane-parallel parking of the flap is preferably at least one electronically controllable opening device used in the side profile of the frame, preferably two, that is one each in the left and right, parallel to the rotating and opening edge extending frame piece. The opening device has a push rod with at least one pin which engages in an obliquely extending guide groove of a fitting mounted on the flap. For a simplified construction of the fitting for the supports is preferably adjusted accordingly. Additional, separate fittings, each with a guide groove for corresponding pins can be required for larger windows. The right angles projecting from the lateral surface of the frame pins are moved parallel to the frame. Since the guide groove of the mounted on the flap or window hinge fitting has a slope with respect to the edges, the flap is lifted from the frame by moving the pin or pulled back in the opposite direction. If this happens at the same time for all fittings, the flap is placed plane-parallel with respect to the frame. To move the pins or the push rods are used electric motors, which are each mounted in a completely built in the frame drive housing. For this, conventional plastic or aluminum profiles provide sufficient cavity, or it must be cut in massive frame made of wood or other materials appropriate wells. The electric motor drives, for example, a threaded rod, which one equipped with a corresponding threaded hole and releasably connected to the push rod Slider slides along the threaded rod. With an appropriate choice of the push rod, an electric motor can actuate all the pins in the guide grooves of the fittings on a frame or flap side. It would also be conceivable for a single electric motor to displace the push rods of the left and right side edges, which would, however, require a relatively complicated transmission mechanism from one frame side to the other. Thus, it is easier and preferably at least two, that is used per left and right side edge depending on a synchronously controlled electric motor.

Thus, the flap, the window or the door can be opened to one side, the guide groove of the fittings must be open on the open side edge to the frame, so that, with a sufficiently long displacement of the pins, these from their guide or Disengage the fitting. Otherwise, the fittings are held by the pins engaging in the guide grooves in a position determined by the electric motors. In addition, the axis of rotation of the flap, which runs through the bearing pins fixed in the corresponding slide, must be outside the frame, that is, the flap is sufficiently far away. If this is the case and are on a frame or flap side, the pins from the guide grooves disengaged and in addition the support bolts from the holes in the sliding elements solvable, this page concerned by hand or by means of a controllable, commercially available swivel arm and folded become.

The device according to the invention for closing or opening an opening can, as desired and regardless of the size of the flap, the window or the door with a minimum of electronically controllable opening means and without a separate drive both a plane-parallel settling also allow loosening of the fittings to open the flap, the window or door leaf.

Consequently, the inventive device is much more economical and easier to maintain, especially since fewer drives, such as electric motors with associated mechanics, and thus simpler controls can be used. In addition, all the benefits of the plane-parallel shutdown of the flap from the frame are optimally met, firstly by the determinable moving the pins a desired room climate can be adjusted, which secondly no dangerous tilting of the flap is required, and thirdly the fittings, sliding elements and opening devices optimally for Burglar protection and aesthetics of the flap and the frame includes and / or, for example, with the flap closed, completely covered.

Since the flap can only be opened when it is parked sufficiently plane-parallel and the pins are disengaged from the guide grooves of the corresponding fittings, this results in an additional safeguard against accidental unfolding, whereby, for example, the burglary protection is improved in comparison to the known devices.
By a simple replacement of the sliding elements and bearing bolts, a device according to the invention can be converted from a left-side to a right-side opening. Likewise, existing flaps, windows or doors according to the invention can be retrofitted.

If ever an electric motor on the left and right frame is not sufficient, for example in particularly heavy, multi-glazed doors, so can very easily same, additional fittings and opening devices analogous to the invention to be built in.

The invention also allows a synchronous operation of all electric motors, whereby simple and known electronic controls can be used, for example, continuous or stepwise circuits for a regulated flow and return.

Fig. 1

ein perspektivisch skizziertes Explosionsmodell einer solchen Einrichtung,

Fig. 2

einen Vertikalschnitt durch zwei Varianten der Einrichtung und

Fig. 3

eine Auf- und Teil-Durchsicht der Einrichtung in drei unterschiedlichen, als A, B und C bezeichneten Positionen der Öffnungseinrichtung.

A preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention for closing and releasing an opening is described below with the aid of figures, wherein the figures represent the following:

Fig. 1

a perspective sketched explosion model of such a device,

Fig. 2

a vertical section through two variants of the device and

Fig. 3

an up and partial review of the device in three different, designated A, B and C positions of the opening device.

The FIG. 1 represents a section, that is, the lower left corner of a window, with perspective exploded model of a preferred, inventive device for closing or releasing an opening 1 can be seen. The frame 2 releasably holds a sash or a flap 3 by means of a sliding element 4. The frame 2 has a two-stage opening, wherein the larger opening is oriented towards the flap 3 and can accommodate part of the likewise two-stage lateral surface of the flap 3. The sliding element 4 is arranged in the corner of the frame 2 of the larger lateral surface of the opening and holds the flap 3 releasably at the bottom of the corner of the smaller lateral surface. The sliding element 4 consists of a rail 5, which is an upwardly open, with a screw 6 releasable, mounted at right angles to the edges of the frame 2 square profile, a bearing cage 7 and balls 8, which are held by the rail 5, and a carriage 9, which can slide from the balls 8 in and partially out of the rail 5. The arrangement of parts and elements is indicated by dotted lines.

At the top of the carriage 9 is a bore 10 which holds a support pin 11 releasably or firmly, which is mounted at the corner of the flap 3 directed downwards, whereby the connection between the frame 2 and the flap 3 comes about.

The opening device 12 consists of a drive housing 13 which is installed with at least one fastening element 14, for example, a screw, releasably mounted in the frame 2, a push rod 15, which at the back of the U-shaped profile of the drive housing 13 and vertically along the lateral surface of the Opening can slide, a pin 16 which is fixedly mounted on the push rod 15, and provided with a guide groove 17 fitting 18 which is releasably attached to the vertical side of the lateral surface of the flap 3, preferably with screws 19. In the preferred device 1, the support bolt is screwed down into the fitting 18 flush with the corner of the flap 3. The guide groove 17, which is a notch in the fitting 18 and into which the pin 16 penetrates, has a deviating from the course of the edges of the frame 2 and the flap 3 direction or slope. If the pin 16 with the push rod 15 is then displaced vertically along the lateral surface, then it moves on the sliding element 4 mounted flap 3 according to the slope of the guide groove 17 away from the frame 2 or on this. The displacement of the push rod 15 via a connecting element 20, for example a screw which couples the push rod 15 with the other elements of the opening device 12 within the drive housing 13. For this purpose, the connecting element 20 is connected to a cube-like slider 21, which is encompassed by the U-shaped profile of the drive housing 13, and centrally, parallel to the displacement direction, a threaded bore 22 has. A threaded rod 23, which is suitable for the threaded bore 22, is connected via a coupling 24 to an electric motor 25, which is exchangeably mounted in the drive housing 13 with an anchoring 26, for example a screw. The rear wall 27 of the drive housing 13 is provided for the passage of the slider 21 with an opening 28, as shown in FIG FIG. 2 is indicated. With a suitable control (not shown), the commercial electric motor 25 can rotate continuously or stepwise to the left and right, so that the slider 21, respectively the push rod 15 with the. Pin 16 are moved vertically along the lateral surface of the opening, whereby also the fitting 18 and the flap 3 away from the frame 2 and respectively to be moved.

For the usually square or rectangular frame 2 and flaps 3 or window or door is for a plane-parallel parking the flap 3 from the frame 2 at least in each corner a corresponding sliding element 4 provided with an opening device 12, wherein in a preferred embodiment on the left and right vertical side of the frame depending on an electric motor 25 is sufficient if the push rod 15 extends from the upper to the lower fitting 18 and is equipped with a second pin 16.

The two variants of a vertical section through an inventive device for closing or releasing an opening 1, as these in the FIG. 2 represented above correspond to the above description on the basis of FIG. 1 , The vertical section on the left corresponds exactly to that FIG. 1 , that is, that the bearing bolt 11 screwed in the fitting 18 has a blunt point, which penetrates very little into the hole 10 in the slide 9 and consequently can be engaged and disengaged from this position with a defined force.

If the upper, arranged on the same edge side (not shown) support pin 11 is locked analogously in the bore 10 on the carriage 9, this edge of the flap 3 can be detached from the frame 2. In contrast, as it is on the right vertical section of the FIG. 2 is shown, the support pin 11 rotatably supported as a rotationally symmetrical axis in a much deeper hole 10 in the carriage, the flap 3 can not disengage at this edge side, but in certain cases, a rotation of the flap 3 about a rotation axis (not shown) allow passes through the support pin 11. As long as the pin 16 is in the guide groove 17 of the fitting 18, the support pin 11 and consequently the flap 3 can not be disengaged or unfolded.

From the FIG. 3 , which shows an up and partial view of the inventive device 1 in three different, designated as A, B and C positions of the opening device 12 can be seen, for example, from the position A to B by the vertical lifting of the pin 16 means the push rod 15 of the fitting 18 is moved horizontally to the right, since the guide groove 17 has a fitting 18 in the fitting from the bottom right to the left above slope. According to the displacement of the fitting 18, whose Supporting pin 11 engages in the bore 10 of the carriage 9, the carriage 9 moves and slides over the held in the rail 5 and the bearing cage 7 balls 8. In position C, the carriage has arrived at the extreme stop and the pin 16 is out of the leaked open overhead guide groove 17, so that now the fitting 18 and the support pin 11 could be disengaged from the bore 10 in the carriage 9, for example, for unfolding a window sash.

For example, as needed, the fitting 18 may be continuously or stepwise adjusted from the closed position A to the open position C with a simple commercial remote control or with shift knobs (not shown) disposed on the frame 2. It should be noted that especially for openings with more than four corners, the inventive device is not necessarily at all corners to install.

Other embodiments of the inventive device for closing or releasing an opening are obvious, especially with other sliding elements and / or opening devices, such as pneumatic systems.

Claims (9)

1. Device for closing or releasing an opening (1), comprising a frame (2) at least partially surrounding the opening, a flap (3) closing or at least partially releasing the opening, and comprising at least one motor driven, electronically controllable opening device (12) acting on corners of the flap (3) and also sliding elements (4) arranged in the region of corners between the frame (2) and the flap (3) for planar parallel arrangement and opening of the flap (3) at least on one side,
   characterised in that the mostly rectangular flap (3) has, on each of the four corners, a fitting (18) with a bearing bolt (11) projecting in each case upwardly or downwardly over the fitting (18) and in that each bearing bolt (11) is held by one of the sliding elements (4), and in that for opening the flap (3) on the right or left side thereof the upper and lower bearing bolts (11) are formed as an axis of rotation and mounted so as to be rotatable in a bore (10) of the sliding element (4) and on the other side of the flap (3) the bearing bolts can be latched out of and into their seat in the sliding element (4).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the upper and lower bearing bolts (100) of the side lying opposite the axis of rotation have a blunt tip which engages in a bead-like bore (10) in the sliding element (4) in such a way that these bearing bolts (11) can be latched out of and into their seat in the sliding element (4).
3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the fittings (18) are mounted, in the case of flaps (3) with casing surfaces with two or more steps, on the corners of the inner casing surface, whereby the bearing bolts (11) do not project over the outermost casing surface of the flap (3).
4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that each sliding element (4) is arranged in the corner of the frame (2) and, in the case of frames (2) with an opening with two steps, in the corner of the frame (2) of the larger casing surface of the opening and holds the flap (3) in a releasable way on the lower edge of the corner and, in the case of flaps (3) with a casing surface with two steps, on the lower edge of the corner of the smaller casing surface.
5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sliding element (4) comprises a track (5) with a square profile, open at the top or bottom, mounted at right angles to the edges of the frame (2), a bearing cage (7) and balls (8) which are held by the track (5) and a carriage (9) which is mounted by the balls (8) so as to be movable in a sliding way in and partially out of the track (5).
6. Device according to claim 5, characterised in that the bore (10) is formed to receive the bearing bolt (11) on the upper side or lower side of the carriage (9).
7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the opening device (12) comprises a drive housing (13) preferably incorporated in a releasable way in the frame (2), a push rod (15) which is adapted to be moved in a sliding manner on the rear side of the drive housing (13) and vertically along the casing surface of the opening, a pin (18) fixedly mounted on the push rod (15), which pin (18) engages in an inclined guiding groove (17) of the fitting (18), and further elements (20 to 26) for displacing the push rod (15).
8. Device according to claim 7, characterised in that the further elements comprise a gliding element (21) fixedly coupled to the push rod (15) and comprising a threaded bore (22) arranged centrally, parallel to the displacement direction, a threaded rod (23) suited to the threaded bore (22) and an electric motor (25) mounted in the drive housing (13) which is preferably connected by means of a coupling (24) to the threaded rod (23).
9. Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the guiding groove (17) is formed as a groove which is open towards the frame (2) and has a direction or gradient deviating from the course of the edges of the frame (2) and the flap (3).

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