RU2256055C2 - Window aperture closing and opening device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building units, particularly that for window aperture closing.

SUBSTANCE: device for closing aperture provided with sash and casement comprises at least one opening device acting upon casement corners. Casement has corresponding furniture in casement corners including holding bolt extending out of furniture in upward or downward direction. Each holding bolt is secured by one guiding member installed in corner areas between sash and casement to provide one-way casement opening. Furniture and casement may perform plane-parallel motion from sash and in reverse direction along guiding members. Window wing may be opened to specified extent. When window wing is closed furniture is concealed as guiding members and opening device is fully closed with sash or casement.

EFFECT: improved breaking-in resistance and enhanced appearance.

10 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for closing or opening an opening according to the preamble of claim 1.

In modern home improvement technology, increasingly high demands are placed on devices for closing or opening apertures, in particular, we are talking about sashes, doors and windows, for example, to make the atmosphere in the room more favorable, energetically and / or climatically, to simplify care and maintenance and / or increased security and protection against hacks. Since in large buildings, such as office or hospitals, and more often in family houses, the closing and opening is automated, there is a demand for a simple device that allows using electronic control to provide adjustable opening to maintain the desired indoor climate, requiring little maintenance, as well as guaranteeing good hacking protection and more security than known systems.

Most of the known design solutions for devices for closing and opening the opening relate to windows and their fittings. Patent descriptions DE 1708252 and FR 2361521 offer expensive mechanical fittings or detachable hinges designed for several options for opening windows. In this case, the sash is folded in a known manner by turning around the fixed edge to the left or right, down or up. These mechanical solutions can no longer satisfy today's demands, so that devices known, for example, according to calculations DE 2421383, WO 94/15053 and DE 4108381. can be created, in addition to choosing the preferred direction of opening from the right or left side or the tilted position up or down, none of these windows is not characterized by a sufficient variety of opening possibilities to create the desired indoor climate or strictly defined ventilation. If, in addition, the open sash is not fixed, it can be fully opened or shut by a gust of wind. An electric drive device for opening the lower hanging sash of windows or doors, as shown in the description of patent DE 19648147, provides the opening of the sash to the desired position or at a certain angle between the frame and the window or door sash. Since frames and binders or sashes, as a rule, mutually overlap, the corresponding devices for opening to the sides, top or down of window or door sashes should be located in the area of the fixed axis of rotation or in the area of their outer edge. These devices, which are noticeable from the side, are not only unsightly aesthetically pleasing, they have the disadvantage from the point of view of protection against hacking that the devices or at least parts of them are accessible from the outside even with closed openings. And especially dangerous are the windows or doors hinged at the top for children's hands and cats, as they can be pinched in a narrowing doorway.

In windows, doors, etc., which are pulled out by an electric drive, as described in the prototype DE 19603769 selected and in an improved form, WO 97/28339, these problems can be partially eliminated due to plane-parallel displacement for closing and opening the opening. The advantages of such a parallel extension of the binding or of the window or door leaf are that the room is regulated to be ventilated, there are no dangerous, narrowing corner openings and accessories when the leaf is closed, it is more reliably protected or completely hidden in case of breaking. In particular, not only so that the window and door leaves can open in one direction to ventilate the room, but for other purposes, in the above example, special fittings and at least an additional drive are provided that make it possible to separate the leaf from the frame. Thus, according to this design, at least 6 drive modules are needed, which means that this solution is expensive, costly in terms of control technology and difficult to maintain.

The objective of the invention is to provide a device for closing and opening an aperture (for example, casements, windows or doors), providing electronically controlled plane-parallel extension of the binding, for example, casement windows or doors from the frame, as well as one-sided opening without additional drives and additional accessories for one-sided separation of the binding from the frame.

This problem is solved by the signs of implementation according to the invention according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The device according to the invention for closing and opening an opening formed by a frame and a cover, for example a window or door leaf, consists of several guide elements preferably arranged evenly in the region of the corners between the frame and the cover, as well as at least one, preferably two, opening devices . In most cases, a square or rectangular binding has at four corners, that is, at the top, bottom, on the left and right side surfaces, the corresponding hardware with the corresponding support bolt protruding up or down relative to the hardware, but not relative to the upper or lower edge of the binding. Since the binding has, as a rule, a two- or three-step lateral surface and thus one part of the binding enters the frame opening and the other part protrudes beyond the opening and overlaps the frame, the fittings are preferably mounted in corners on the inner side surface, and the support bolts are not extend beyond the outermost lateral surface of the binding. If this multi-stage binding is absent, the fittings should be deepened, for example, in the case of ordinary hollow profiles made of plastic or aluminum, or mounted, as, for example, in the case of solid wood profiles. The support bolts are held by guide elements, which consist, for example, of a slide mounted to move on a rail, which is detachably connected to the side surface of the opening. Since in most cases the opening in the frame is two- or three-stage, the rails are preferably placed on the outermost, largest, that is, actually facing the binding side surface, otherwise the rails, like fittings, are buried in the side surface. Thus, when the opening is closed, neither the fittings nor the guide elements are visible. Optionally, the binding can be separated plane-parallel from the frame, and the size of this compartment is determined by the choice of appropriate rails and slides by analogy with a table drawer.

In order for the binding to open left or right, on the corresponding side of the axis of rotation of the binding, the upper and lower support bolts are made in the form of axes and are arranged to rotate in the hole of the slide. For opening or slightly opening the opposite side at the upper and lower support bolt, for example, a preferably obtuse end is provided that fits into a much less deep trough-like opening in the rails, and thus these support bolts can enter and exit their nests with a certain force in the rails or the guide element .

For plane-parallel extension of the binding according to the invention, at least one electronically controlled opening device is included in the side profile of the frame, preferably two devices, that is, one on the left and right side of the frame, parallel to the edge of rotation and opening. The opening device includes a connecting rod with at least one pin, which is included in the diagonal guide groove of the accessories mounted on the binding. For a simplified design, the fittings are preferably adjusted accordingly with respect to the support. Large windows may require additional separate fittings with guide grooves for the corresponding pins. The pins protruding at right angles to the side surface of the frame move parallel to the length of the frame. Since the guide groove of the fittings mounted on a binder or a window sash represents a rise relative to the edge, as a result of the displacement of the pin, the binder is separated from the frame or, conversely, moves in the opposite direction. If this happens simultaneously in all installed fittings, the binding is displaced plane-parallel with respect to the frame. To move the pins or connecting rods, electric drives are used, mounted in a housing completely integrated in the frame. To do this, conventional plastic or aluminum profiles provide enough hollow space, and in the case of massive frames made of wood or other materials, corresponding recesses are cut out. The electric drive drives, for example, a threaded rod that moves along it a slider having a corresponding threaded hole and detachably connected to the connecting rod. With the appropriate choice of connecting rod, the electric drive can use all the pins in the guide grooves of the accessories on one side of the frame or binding. One can also imagine a design in which one single electric drive moves the connecting rods of the left and right lateral edges, which requires, however, the use of a relatively complex transmission mechanism from one side of the frame to the other. Therefore, it is simpler and more preferable to use at least two synchronously operating electric drives, that is, one on the left and on the right side.

To open the sash of a window or door on one side, the guide groove of the hardware must be open to the frame on the side to be opened, so that with a fairly long displacement of the pins, they exit from the corresponding guide groove or hardware. Otherwise, the fittings will be held by the pins that are engaged in the guide grooves in a position determined by the electric drive. In addition, the axis of rotation of the binding, passing through the fixed support bolts in the corresponding slide, must lie outside the frame, which means that the binding is quite far away. In this case, that is, when on one side of the frame or binding, the pins come out of the guide grooves, and additionally the support bolts come out of the corresponding holes in the guide elements, the corresponding side can be opened or closed manually or using a controlled standard rotary lever.

The device according to the invention for opening or closing an opening at will and regardless of the size of the binding, window or door can provide, with a minimum of electronically controlled opening devices and without a separate drive, equally plane-like extension and opening of accessories to open the binding, window or door shutter .

Thus, the device according to the invention seems to be much more economical and convenient to maintain, since fewer drives, for example electric drives with appropriate mechanics, can be used, and therefore simpler control mechanisms. In addition, in the best way all the advantages of plane-parallel extension of the frame binding are fulfilled, since, firstly, due to a certain displacement of the pins, the desired indoor climate can be created; secondly, it is not necessary to open the cover with a dangerous rollover and, thirdly, the fittings, guiding elements and opening devices are turned on in the best possible way for protection against breaking and, from the point of view of aesthetics, in the cover and in the frame and / or are completely hidden, for example, when closed binding.

Since the binding can only be opened when it is sufficiently extended in plane parallel and the pins come out of the guide grooves of the corresponding fittings, this provides another additional safety net against accidental opening, which improves, for example, protection against breaking in comparison with known devices. By simply replacing the guide elements and support bolts, the device according to the invention can be converted from left-side to right-side opening. Equally available bindings, windows or doors can be additionally equipped with a device according to the invention.

If there is not enough one electric drive on the left and right frames, for example, in a particularly heavy door with laminated glazing, additional accessories similar to the invention and an opening device can be built in very simply.

The invention also allows for the synchronous operation of all electric drives, while simple and well-known electronic controllers can be used, for example, continuous or multi-position control for moving forward or backward.

Below is a preferred example of the implementation of the device according to the invention for closing and opening the opening with reference to the drawings, namely:

figure 1 depicts a schematic model of the assembly of such a device with a spatial separation of parts,

figure 2 is a vertical section of two adaptation options and

figure 3 is a partial view of the device in three different positions of the opening device, indicated by A, B and C.

Figure 1 shows the cutout, that is, the area of the lower left corner of the window, and one can see in perspective a model of the assembly with a spatial separation of the details of the preferred embodiment of the inventive device for closing and opening the opening 1. Frame 2 holds a split window sash 3 or binding with a guide element 4. The frame 2 has a two-stage opening, the larger opening facing the binding 3 and also captures part of the two-stage side surface of the binding 3. The guide element 4 is installed in the corner of the frames major lateral surface opening and releasably holds the cover on the bottom edge angle at the side surface. The guide element 4 consists of a rail 5, which is an open upward, detachable square profile mounted with a screw 6 at right angles to the edges of the frame 2, the separator 7 and the balls 8, which are held by the rail 5, and the slide 9, which are supported on the balls 8 can move inside the rail and partially out of the rail 5. The arrangement of parts and elements is indicated by dashed lines.

On the upper side of the slide 9 there is a hole 10 that holds the detachable or rigidly supporting bolt 11 mounted on the corner of the binding and directed downward, thereby forming a connection between the frame 2 and the binding 3.

The opening device 12 consists of a drive housing 13 detachably integrated in the frame 2 with at least one fastening element 14, for example a screw, a connecting rod 15, which can be moved along the back of the U-shaped profile of the drive housing 13 and vertically along the side surface an aperture, a pin 16, rigidly mounted on the connecting rod 15, and accessories 18, equipped with a guide groove 17, mounted detachably on the vertical side of the side surface of the binding 3, preferably with a screw 19. In a preferred device 1, the support bolt is screwed below into the hardware 18. The guide groove 17, which is a slot in the hardware 18, into which the pin 16 enters, differs in that its orientation or rise does not correspond to the length of the edges of the frame 2 and the binding 3. Therefore, when the pin 16 is displaced together with the connecting rod 15 vertically along the lateral surface, the binding 3 supported on the guide element 4 moves in accordance with the lifting of the guide groove 17 from the frame 2 or, conversely, towards the frame 2. Moving the connecting rod 15 is pulled through a connecting element 20, for example, a screw that connects the connecting rod 15 to other elements of the opening device 12 inside the drive housing 13. For this, the connecting element 20 is connected to a slider 21 in the form of a cube, which is covered by a U-shaped profile of the drive housing 13 and has a threaded hole 22 parallel to the direction of movement. Corresponding to the threaded hole 22, the threaded rod 23 is connected via a coupling 24 to an electric motor 25, which, by means of a fastening 26, for example, a screw, is mounted with the possibility of replacement in the drive housing 13. In the back wall 27 of the drive housing 13, an opening 28 is provided for the slide 21 to pass presented in figure 2. Using an appropriate control device (not shown), the standard electric motor can rotate continuously or with a change in mode, so that the slider 21 or the connecting rod 15 with the pin 16 moves vertically along the side surface of the opening, and therefore also the fittings 18 and the binding 3 move from the frame 2 or To her.

For generally square or rectangular frames 2 and frames 3 or window or door leaves for the plane-parallel extension of the cover 3 from the frame 2, it is necessary to provide at least at each corner a corresponding guide element 4 with a corresponding opening device 12, and in a preferred embodiment it is enough to have one electric motor 25 on the right and left vertical sides of the frame, if the connecting rod 15 reaches from the upper to the lower fittings 18 and is equipped with a second pin.

Both versions of the vertical section of the device according to the invention for closing and opening the opening 1, as they are presented in figure 2, correspond to the above description according to figure 1. The vertical cut on the left side exactly corresponds to Fig. 1, i.e., the support bolt 11 screwed into the fittings 18 has a blunt end that fits very weakly into the hole 10 in the slide 9 and, therefore, can be held in and out of it with a certain force .

If there is a top support bolt 11 (not shown) located on the same side and likewise slightly entering the hole 10 in the slide 9, then this side of the binding 3 may extend away from the frame 2. If, in contrast, as shown in the right vertical section figure 2, the support bolts 11 in the form of rotationally symmetrical axes are held rotatably in a substantially deeper hole 10 in the slide, then the binding 3 cannot be detached from this side, but allows in certain cases the rotation of the binding around the axis of rotation (not shown), which passes through the support bolts 11. While the pin 16 is in the guide groove 17 of the fittings 18, the support bolts 11 are not disengaged and, therefore, the binding 3 does not open.

From figure 3, which shows a particular view of the device 1 according to the invention in three different positions of the opening device 12, designated A, B and C, it can be seen, for example, from position A to position B as a result of the vertical lifting of the pin 16 with a connecting rod 15 is shifted horizontally to the right of the fittings 18, due to the fact that the guide groove 17 in the fittings 18 has a lift that runs from right to bottom to top. In accordance with the displacement of the fittings 18, the support bolt 11 of which is engaged in the hole 10 of the slide 9, the slide 9 moves and moves along the balls 8 held by the rail 5 and the separator 7. At position C, the slide moves closer to the end stop and the pin 16 is out of the open at the top of the guide groove 17, so that now the fittings 18 or the support bolt 11 are disengaged in the hole 10 in the slide 9, for example, to open the window sash.

If desired, for example, using a simple standard remote control or push-button switches (not shown) mounted on frame 2, the fittings 18 can be transferred in a continuous operation or in stages from closed position A to open position C. It should be noted that, in in particular, with openings with more than four corners, the device according to the subject invention is not necessarily installed in all angles.

Other embodiments of the device according to the invention for closing and opening the opening are similar, in particular, including other guide elements and / or opening devices such as, for example, pneumatic systems.

Claims (10)

1. A device for closing or opening the opening / 1 / with the surrounding opening, at least partially, with a frame / 2 /, covering or at least partially opening the opening with a binding / 3 /, at least one of which affects the corners opening device / 12 /, and the binding / 3 / has at four corners the corresponding accessories / 18 / with the corresponding support bolt / 11 / protruding up or down behind the accessories / 18 /, and each support bolt / 11 / is held by one of the the area of angles between the frame / 2 / and the binding / 3 / guides elements / 4 / for at least one-sided opening of the binding / 3 / along which the fittings / 18 / and the binding / 3 / have the possibility of plane-parallel movement from the frame / 2 / or respectively to it. 2. The device according to claim 1, in which to open the binding / 3 / on the right or left side of the binding / 3 / the upper and lower support bolts / 11 / are made as pivot axes and are installed in the hole / 10 / of the guide element / 4 / s the possibility of rotation. 3. The device according to claim 2, in which the upper and lower support bolts / 11 / of the side, which is opposite the axis of rotation, have a blunt end that enters the tray-shaped hole / 10 / in the guide element / 4 / with the possibility of entry and exit of these support bolts / 11 / from its slot in the guide element / 4 /. 4. The device according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which the fittings / 18 / are mounted on the corners of the inner side surface of the bindings / 3 / with a two or three-stage side surface, and the supporting bolts / 11 / do not extend beyond the outermost lateral surface of the binding / 3 /. 5. The device according to claim 1, in which each guide element / 4 / is installed in the corner of the frame / 2 /, and for a frame with a two-stage opening - in the corner of the frame / 1 / on the larger side surface of the opening, and the binding / 3 / is held detachably on the lower edge of the corner, and in bindings / 3 / with a two-stage side surface - on the lower edge of the corner of the smaller side surface. 6. The device according to claim 1, in which the guide element / 4 / includes a rail / 5 / with an open up or down mounted at right angles to the edges of the frame / 2 / square profile, a separator / 1 / and balls / 8 / held by the rail / 5 /, and the slide / 9 /, which, relying on the balls / 8 / move inside the rail / 5 / and partially from it. 7. The device according to claim 6, in which the hole / 10 / for the support bolt / 11 / is made on the upper side or on the lower side of the slide / 9 /. 8. The device according to claim 1, in which the opening device / 12 / includes, preferably, built-in detachably in the frame / 1 / drive housing / 13 /, mounted to move on the back side of the drive housing / 13 / and vertically along the side surface of the opening connecting rod / 15 /, rigidly mounted on the connecting rod / 15 / pin / 16 /, included in the diagonally passing guide groove / 17 / in the fittings / 18 /, and other elements / 20-26 / for moving the connecting rod / 15 /. 9. The device of claim 8, in which the other elements are rigidly connected to the connecting rod / 15 / slider / 21 /, having in the center a threaded hole / 22 / parallel to the direction of movement corresponding to the threaded hole / 22 / threaded rod / 23 / and mounted in the drive housing / 13 / electric motor / 25 /, which is preferably connected via a coupling / 24 / to a threaded rod / 23 /. 10. The device according to claim 8 or 9, in which the guide groove / 17 / is made in the form of a slot open to the frame / 1 /, and its direction or rise differs from the shape and direction of the edges of the frame / 1 / and the binding / 3 /.

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